NZ758955B2 - An agricultural system - Google Patents
An agricultural systemInfo
- Publication number
- NZ758955B2 NZ758955B2 NZ758955A NZ75895518A NZ758955B2 NZ 758955 B2 NZ758955 B2 NZ 758955B2 NZ 758955 A NZ758955 A NZ 758955A NZ 75895518 A NZ75895518 A NZ 75895518A NZ 758955 B2 NZ758955 B2 NZ 758955B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- bale
- data
- bales
- representative
- controller
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/20—Instruments for performing navigational calculations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
- G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
- G01C21/3407—Route searching; Route guidance specially adapted for specific applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Forestry; Mining
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
Abstract
system comprising: a controller (104) configured to: receive bale-location-data (110) representative of the location of a plurality of bales (108) in a field (102); receive bale-property-data (116) representative of one or more physical properties of each of the plurality of bales (108); and determine bale-pick-up-data (112) based on the bale-location-data (110) and the bale-property-data (116), wherein the bale-pick-up-data (112) is associated with an operation to pick up the bales (108) from the field (102). The controller is configured to determine an ordered pick-up sequence based on the bale-property-data. mine bale-pick-up-data (112) based on the bale-location-data (110) and the bale-property-data (116), wherein the bale-pick-up-data (112) is associated with an operation to pick up the bales (108) from the field (102). The controller is configured to determine an ordered pick-up sequence based on the bale-property-data.
Description
AN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEM
Background of the Invention
It is known for balers to produce and deposit bales of crop material in an
agricultural field. The position of the bales can be determined by the instants in time that
the baler has collected enough crop material to form a complete bale. Subsequently,
one or more other agricultural vehicles can enter the field to pick up the bales and
transport them out of the field, for example for storage.
Summary of the Invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a system and method for determining
bale-pick-up-data based on bale-location-data and bale-property-data, wherein the bale-
pick-up-data is associated with an operation to pick up the bales from a field or at least
to provide the public or industry with a useful choice.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a system comprising:
a controller configured to:
receive bale-location-data representative of the location of a plurality of
bales in a field;
receive bale-property-data representative of one or more physical
properties of each of the plurality of bales; and
determine bale-pick-up-data based on the bale-location-data and the bale-
property-data, wherein the bale-pick-up-data is associated with an operation to pick up
the bales from the field, the bale-pick-up-data comprises pick-up-route-plan-data that is
representative of the order in which the bales should be picked up, the pick-up-route-
plan-data comprises an ordered sequence of bale-pick-up-locations that correspond to
the locations of the plurality bales in the field,
wherein the controller is configured to determine the ordered sequence based on
the bale-property-data.
The bale-property-data may comprise one or more of: bale-dimension-data,
which is representative of the physical size and / or shape of a bale; bale-density-data,
which is representative of the density of crop material in the bale; bale-weight-data, which
is representative of the weight of the bale; bale-quality-data, which is representative of a
quality-score of the bale; bale-moisture-data, which is representative of a moisture-level
of the bale; bale-crop-type-data, which is representative of the type of crop that is
included in the bale; bale-temperature-data, which is representative of the temperature
of the bale; bale-stalk-length-data, which is representative of the length of crop stalks in
the bale; bale-time-data, which is representative of one or both of a start and end
timestamp of creation of the bale; and bale-production-data, which is representative of
one or more production parameters used for producing the bale.
The controller may be configured to determine the ordered sequence based on
the bale-property-data.
The bale-property-data may comprise bale-quality-data. The controller may be
configured to determine the ordered sequence based on an order list of the bales from
high quality to low quality.
The bale-pick-up-data may comprise bale-arrangement-data, which is
representative of how the bales should be arranged when they are picked up. The
controller may be configured to determine the bale-arrangement-data such that bales
with associated bale-property-data are positioned adjacent to each other.
The bale-arrangement-data may comprise: for each of the plurality of bales:
trailer-position-data, which is representative of a position for the bale on a trailer. The
controller may be configured to determine the trailer-position-data such that bales with
predetermined properties are positioned in predetermined positions in the trailer.
The controller may be configured to apply one or more trailer-position-criteria to
the bale-property-data in order to determine the bale-arrangement-data.
There may be provided a computer program, which when run on a computer,
causes the computer to configure any apparatus, including a controller, processor,
machine, vehicle or device disclosed herein or perform any method disclosed herein.
The computer program may be a software implementation, and the computer may be
considered as any appropriate hardware, including a digital signal processor, a
microcontroller, and an implementation in read only memory (ROM), erasable
programmable read only memory (EPROM) or electronically erasable programmable
read only memory (EEPROM), as non-limiting examples.
The computer program may be provided on a computer readable medium, which
may be a physical computer readable medium such as a disc or a memory device, or
may be embodied as a transient signal. Such a transient signal may be a network
download, including an internet download.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example
and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows an example of an agricultural field;
Figure 2 shows schematically a controller for determining bale-pick-up-data that
is associated with an operation to pick up bales from the field;
Figure 3 shows schematically another controller for determining bale-pick-up-
data; and
Figure 4 shows schematically a further still controller for determining bale-pick-
up-data.
Detailed Description of the Drawings
Figure 2 shows schematically a system, which includes a controller 104 for
determining bale-pick-up-data 112. The bale-pick-up-data 112 is associated with an
operation to pick up / collect bales 108 from an agricultural field 102, as shown in Figure
1. As will be discussed in detail below, the controller 104 can be located on a baler 100,
or remotely from a baler 100. For example, the functionality of the controller 104 can be
performed on a remote server, such as one “in the cloud”.
The field 102 shown in Figure 1 includes rows of crop material, which may be
hay, straw or similar products that have been left in the field 102 in the form of swaths
106. The swaths 106 are elongate rows of the products in question that are heaped in
the transverse centre and tend to flatten at the respective transverse edges. Typically a
field 102 that has undergone harvesting contains many, essentially mutually parallel,
swaths 106, as shown in Figure 1. The swaths are spaced from one another by largely
consistent gaps. The crop material in the swaths 106 can be picked up by the baler 100,
and then deposited in the field 102 as bales 108. The field 102 that is shown in Figure
1 has been partly processed, in that it includes both rows of swath 106 for baling, and
also completed bales 108. It will be appreciated that more than one baler 100 may be
working in the same field 102 simultaneously.
The controller 104 receives bale-location-data 110 that is representative of the
location of a plurality of bales 108 in the agricultural field 102. The bale-location-data
110 can include a plurality of sets of bale-coordinates, such as GPS coordinates, with a
bale-identifier associated with each set of bale-coordinates. The controller 104 also
receives bale-property-data 116. The bale-property-data 116 can include one or more
bale-property-values associated with each bale-identifier. Alternatively, the bale-
location-data 110 and the bale-property-data 116 can be provided together such that a
separate bale-identifier is not required.
The bale-property-values are representative of a physical property of a bale 108.
As will be discussed below, examples of such properties include: size, weight, density,
and moisture. The controller 104 determines bale-pick-up-data 112 based on the bale-
location-data 110 and the bale-property-data 116. The bale-pick-up-data 112 is
associated with an operation to pick up the bales 108 from the field 102. As will be
discussed below, the bale-pick-up-data can include pick-up-route-plan-data (that is
representative of the order in which the bales should be picked up) and / or bale-
arrangement-data (that is representative of how the bales should be arranged when they
are picked up, for example how they are arranged on a trailer).
Advantageously, the controller 104 can utilise the bale-property-data 116 such
that the operation to pick up the bales 108 can be performed in an improved way, for
example in terms of one or more of efficiency, safety, and preserving the quality of the
bales.
Examples of different types of bale-property-data include:
• bale-dimension-data, which is representative of the physical size and / or shape
of a bale 108. The bale-dimension-data can include one or more of: bale-length-data,
bale-width-data, bale-height-data. Each of these properties can be provided as an
average, maximum or minimum value (such as maximum-bale-length). The bale-
dimension-data can also be implemented as bale-volume-data or bale-cross-sectional-
area-data. The bale-cross-sectional-area-data can be along a cross-section that is
parallel with one or more of the length, height or depth of the bale 108.
• bale-density-data, which is representative of the density of crop material in the
bale 108.
• bale-weight-data, which is representative of the weight of the bale 108.
• bale-moisture-data, which is representative of a moisture-level of the bale 108.
• bale-crop-type-data, which is representative of the type of crop that is included in
the bale 108.
• bale-temperature-data, which is representative of the temperature of the bale
108.
• bale-stalk-length-data, which is representative of the length of crop stalks in the
bale 108.
• bale-time-data, which is representative of one or both of a start and end
timestamp of creation of the bale 108.
• bale-production-data, which is representative of one or more production
parameters used for producing the bale 108, such as baler chassis number, density
setting, number of slices, driving speed, cutting knives engaged or not, etc.
• bale-quality-data, which is representative of a quality-score of the bale 108. In
some examples, the controller 104 can compare: (i) values for one or more of the bale-
property-data disclosed herein; with (ii) one or more target-values / parameter-
thresholds, and then the controller 104 can set the bale-quality-data based on the results
of the comparison. In some examples, the parameter-thresholds can be crop dependant
– for instance it may be desirable for the humidity for wheat straw bales to be a lot less
than the humidity of grass bales. In some examples, the target-values / parameter-
thresholds can be set based on user-input such that they are dependent on a user’s
particular preferences. For instance, a user desires bales of 450kg and 2,4m long, then
these can be used as the target-values. A user may be able to provide input that is
representative of a target-value or target-range for one or more of: weight, length and
humidity. The controller 104 can then determine a quality-score based on the deviation
from these, or any other, parameters.
It will be appreciated that the controller 104 can calculate some of the above
types of bale-property-data based on other types of received bale-property-data. For
instance, the controller 104 could divide the bale-weight-data by the bale-volume-data in
order to determine bale-density-data.
In some examples the bale-pick-up-data 112 includes pick-up-route-plan-data,
which is representative of the order in which the bales 108 should be picked up. In this
way, the pick-up-route-plan-data can include an ordered sequence of bale-pick-up-
locations that correspond to the locations of the plurality bales in the field. That is, the
controller 104 can make an ordered list of the bale-coordinates that are received as the
bale-location-data, based on the bale-property-data 116.
Optionally, the controller 104 can determine the ordered sequence based on
bale-dimension-data for each of the bales 108. For instance, the ordered sequence can
include bale-pick-up-locations for bales 108 with an increasing or decreasing size. In
some applications, it can be advantageous to load the bigger bales before the smaller
bales.
Optionally, the controller 104 can determine the ordered sequence based on
bale-density-data / bale-weight-data for each of the bales 108. For instance, the ordered
sequence can include bale-pick-up-locations for bales 108 with a decreasing density /
weight. In some applications, it can be advantageous to load the more dense / heavier
bales before the less dense / lighter bales, especially if the bales are going to be stacked
on top of each other in a trailer, in order to reduce the likelihood that a more dense /
heavier bale will be positioned on top of a less dense / lighter bale and potentially damage
the less dense / lighter bale.
Optionally, the controller 104 can determine the ordered sequence based on
bale-moisture-data for each of the bales 108. For instance, the ordered sequence can
include bale-pick-up-locations for increasing or decreasing moisture-levels of the bales
108. In some examples, the ordered sequence can include bale-pick-up-locations for
increasing moisture-levels of the bales 108, on the basis that the driest bales will
probably have the highest quality. For example, if it starts to rain, then the best bales
have already been brought to ‘safety’.
Optionally, the controller 104 can determine the ordered sequence based on
bale-crop-type-data for each of the bales 108. For instance, the ordered sequence can
include bale-pick-up-locations such that all bales 108 with the same type of crop are
picked up consecutively. In this way, bales having a first type of crop are picked up
before bales having a second crop type, etc.
Optionally, the controller 104 can determine the ordered sequence based on
bale-quality-data for each of the bales 108. For instance, the ordered sequence can
include bale-pick-up-locations for increasing quality-scores from low to high, or
decreasing quality-scores from high to low. In some applications, it can be advantageous
to pick up high quality bales 108 first for the same reasons outlined above.
It will be appreciated that in examples where the bale-property-data 116 includes
more than one type of property data, the controller 104 can apply an algorithm to the
various bale-property-values and / or different types of bale-property-data in order to
determine the ordered sequence. This can involve applying a predetermined hierarchy
to the different types of property data, such as to order the pick up locations based on
type of crop, and then quality-score. In some applications, determining the ordered
sequence can involve applying predetermined weighting-values to the different types of
property data / values of the bale-property-data 116. Furthermore, as will be discussed
below, one or more other types of data can be taken into account by the controller 104
when determining the ordered sequence, such as fuel consumption required to travel
between the pick-up locations in the ordered sequence.
In addition to determining the pick-up-route-plan-data based on the bale-
property-data 116 as discussed above, the controller can also determine the pick-up-
route-plan-data based on one or more other types of data. For example, based on fuel
consumption required to travel between the pick-up locations in the ordered sequence
instance and / or the time that will be required to follow the route. In this way, the
controller 104 can determine the route such that it provides one or more advantages, for
example:
(i) efficient loading / pick-up, such as low overall fuel consumption of the vehicles
that are used to pick up the bales 108; and
(ii) efficient loading in terms of the time required to collect all of the bales 108
from the field 102.
The pick-up-route-plan-data 112 can be representative of a route to be taken by
one or more agricultural vehicles for collecting the bales and transporting them out of the
field 102. For example, a first tractor to tow a trailer for receiving the bales and
transporting them out of the field 102, and a second tractor with a loader / spears for
picking up and moving a bale 108 onto the trailer. The pick-up-route-plan-data 112 can
be provided as instructions for operators of the tractors to follow when they are in the
field 102 collecting the bales. Optionally, a controller associated with the first and second
tractors can provide real-time instructions to the operators of the tractors, based on their
current and / or past locations, such that, by following the real-time instructions, they can
follow a route to pick up the bales 108 in a desired order.
In examples where an operator drives an agricultural vehicle to follow a route
that is represented by the pick-up-route-plan-data 112, a display or other output device
can be used to provide instructions to the operator that are based on the pick-up-route-
plan-data 112. For example, the controller 104 can generate and display an augmented
reality, to indicate which bale to pick up next.
A route can be determined based on a variety of strategies, such as:
• a loader vehicle and trailer vehicle staying together.
• a loader vehicle pulling a trailer and dropping it off at certain positions.
• a loader vehicle and a trailer vehicle that stop at certain locations.
• a loader vehicle gathers bales at certain buffer locations, then loads them
onto a trailer when it arrives.
• any of the above with multiple loaders and / or trailers.
• any of the above where the loader picks up multiple bales stacked onto
each other before placing them in the trailer or buffer.
In such examples, a route can be planned / selected which results in a good
cost-function, which is applied for evaluating different pick-up-routes. Any known
optimization algorithm can be used, or adapted, in this regard. For example, if a travelled
distance is to be minimised when a loader and a trailer are moving together, then the
controller can apply a ‘Shortest Path Problem’.
In some examples, the controller 104 can determine vehicle-control-instructions
for the tractors (or any other agricultural vehicle / loader) based on the pick-up-route-
plan-data 112. The vehicle-control-instructions may comprise vehicle-steering-
instructions for automatically controlling the direction of travel of the tractors. The
vehicle-control-instructions may further comprise route-speed-instructions for
automatically controlling the speed of the tractors at locations along the route. In this
way, the tractors can be autonomously controlled such that they follows a specific route
through the agricultural field in order to pick up the bales 108 from the field 102.
In some examples, the bale-pick-up-data 112 can include bale-arrangement-data
that is representative of how the bales should be arranged when they are picked up.
For instance, a tractor (or other agricultural vehicle) can pick up the bales 108
and place them on a trailer such that they can be transported out of the field 102. The
bale-arrangement-data can include trailer-position-data, which is representative of a
position for each bale 108 on the trailer. The position could an identifier of a row, column
and / or height-position on the trailer, if the bales are to be arranged in this way. The
position could be a specific bale-position-identifier on the trailer. The position could be
a predetermined position with reference to features of the trailer such as: adjacent an
edge of the trailer, in a centre region of the trailer, in a front region of the trailer, in a back
region of the trailer, over an axle of the trailer, and not over an axle of the trailer.
The controller 104 can determine the trailer-position-data such that bales 108
with predetermined properties are positioned in predetermined positions in the trailer.
The bale-arrangement-data / trailer-position-data can be determined such that
bales with associated bale-property-data are positioned in a predetermined relationship
with each other, such as adjacent to each other. Further example details are provided
below.
The controller 104 can be configured to apply one or more trailer-position-criteria
to the bale-property-data 116 in order to determine the bale-arrangement-data.
Optionally, applying the trailer-position-criteria can include determining a
predetermined-number of bales that have the highest / lowest bale-property-value, and
determining bale-arrangement-data that corresponds to those bales being positioned at
a predetermined location on the trailer.
For instance, if four bales 108 are expected to be positioned side-by-side across
the width of the trailer, then the trailer-position-criteria may determine the four heaviest
bales (based on bale-weight-data) in the field, and the bale-arrangement-data can be
representative of those four heaviest bales being located above an axle of the trailer.
As another example, the trailer-position-criteria can include determining a
predetermined number of bales that have the highest bale-quality-data, and determining
trailer-position-data that is representative of those bales being furthest from a bale
loading position of the trailer. In this way, an operator for loading the bales may load the
highest quality bales first.
Optionally, applying the trailer-position-criteria can include determining bales that
have a bale-property-value that satisfies a bale-threshold-value. The bale-threshold-
value may be a maximum value, a minimum value, or a range of values. The controller
104 can then determine bale-arrangement-data that corresponds to those bales being
positioned at a predetermined position on the trailer.
For instance, applying the trailer-position-criteria can include determining bales
that have bale-weight-data that is greater than a bale-weight-threshold value, and
determining bale-arrangement-data that corresponds to those bales being positioned at
a predetermined position on the trailer, such as over or near an axle of the trailer.
As another example, applying the trailer-position-criteria can include determining
bales that have bale-weight-data that is greater than a bale-weight-threshold value, and
then positioning those bales at minimum distances to a position on the trailer that
corresponds to an axle.
As another example, applying the trailer-position-criteria can include processing
the bale-moisture-data such that bales with similar moisture-levels are positioned
adjacent to each other on the trailer. For instance, all bales with a moisture-level that is
within a predetermined range of moisture levels can be positioned adjacent to each
other. This can result in the wettest bales being positioned all together, and therefore
can reduce the likelihood of ‘wet’ bales transferring moisture to other ‘dry’ bales. Also,
by placing bales with similar moisture levels next to each other, it can be easier to filter
out bales with specific moisture levels when they arrive at a storage location.
In some examples, the controller 104 can determine pick-up-route-plan-data
based on the bale-arrangement-data. For instance, the controller 104 can determine a
layout of the bales on the trailer, and then the controller 104 can determine an ordered
sequence for picking up the bales 108 that is consistent with the layout. This may involve
picking up bales that are to be placed at a least accessible position on the trailer before
bales that that are to be placed at a more accessible position. In examples where the
bales are going to be stacked on top of each other on the trailer (in which case the bale-
arrangement-data can be representative of a three-dimensional layout of the bales), the
controller 104 may determine the pick-up-route-plan-data such that bales are picked up
based on the layer in which they are to be placed, from bottom to top. Or at least such
that any lower bales that are required to support a higher bale are loaded first.
In other examples, the bale-arrangement-data can be presented to an operator
of an agricultural vehicle (such as a loader) when collecting the bales 108 from the field
102, such that the operator can arrange the bales 108 in a desired way. Optionally, a
controller associated with the agricultural vehicle can provide real-time instructions to the
operator of the agricultural vehicle, based on their current and / or past locations, such
that, by following the real-time instructions, they can arrange the bales 108 in an
advantageous way.
Figure 3 shows schematically another system for determining bale-pick-up-data
212. The system includes a controller 204 and a baler 200. The baler 200 provides
baler-data 214 to the controller 204. As will be discussed below, the controller 204 can
then determine bale-location-data 210 and / or bale-property-data 216 based on the
baler-data 214. It will be appreciated that the controller 204 may or may not be located
locally with the baler 200. In some examples, the baler 200 can provide the baler-data
214 to a remote controller 204 via a telematics system and can use an internet
connection. Alternatively, the controller 204 can be in wired communication with the
necessary components of the baler 200.
In examples where multiple balers process a field, each of the balers can provide
baler-data to the controller 204. For instance, inter-vehicle communication can be used
if there is more than one baler working on the field. This communication can be direct
or indirect, such as through “the cloud”.
As will be appreciated from the following description, the baler 200 can send one
or more of the estimated location, orientation, dimensions and drop time of bales that
have been dropped.
The baler-data 214 can include baler-location-data representative of the location
of the baler 200 at instants in time that the baler 200 deposits bales in the field. Such
information may be stored, and made available, each time the baler 200 deposits a bale.
The controller 204 can determine the bale-location-data 210 as a single set of
coordinates for each bale. The single set of coordinates may be representative of the
location of the expected centre of the bale, for example, and could be calculated by the
controller 204 applying an offset to the location of the baler 200 (as determined from the
baler-location-data) when the bale was dropped. The offset can be indicative of a
distance between: (i) a location-determining-module (such as a GPS receiver) that is
fitted to the baler 200; and (ii) an exit point of the baler 200 from which the bale is
dropped. The controller 204 can apply the offset to the location of the baler 200 in a
direction that is opposite to the direction of travel of the baler 200 when the bale was
dropped. The controller can also use the groundspeed of the baler to make corrections
to the location of the bale drop.
In some examples, the baler-data 214 may include bale-dimension-data, which
is an example of bale-property-data 216 that is representative of the size and / or shape
of the bale. The bale-dimension-data, such as the bale-cross-sectional-area-data, may
be fixed / hard-coded for a specific baler, or it may be determined using one or more
sensors that measures the dimensions of each individual bale that is produced. In such
examples, the controller 204 can determine the bale-location-data 210 as multiple sets
of coordinates for each bale. The multiple sets of coordinates may be representative of
the locations of one or more corners of the bale, for example, and may be sufficient such
that, together, they can be used to determine the perimeter of a two-dimensional footprint
of the bale (such as when viewed from above), or to determine the perimeter of the three-
dimensional volume of the bale.
The controller 204 can determine the multiple sets of coordinates by applying
offsets to the location of the baler (baler-location-data) when the bale was dropped. The
controller 204 can determine the offsets based on the bale-dimension-data. Optionally,
the controller 204 can also determine the offsets based on a distance between: (i) a
location-determining-module that is fitted to the baler 200; and (ii) an exit point of the
baler 200 from which the bale is dropped.
In some examples, the baler-data 214 can include length-wheel-data (data from
a starwheel in a bale chamber of the baler 200). The length-wheel-data is representative
of the thickness of a slice of crop in the bale. The controller 204 can use the length-
wheel-data to determine bale-dimension-data.
In some examples, the baler-data 214 can include stuffer-data, which is
representative of a number of slices of crop material that are included in a bale. A stuffer
trip sensor on the baler 200 can provide the stuffer-data. The controller 204 can use the
stuffer-data to determine bale-dimension-data.
In some examples, the baler-data 214 can include knotter-data, which is
representative of instants in time when the baler has completed a bale, and started to
form a new bale. A knotter signal indicate the start and end of a bale. So, by summing
displacement-values that are measured by a starwheel between 2 knotter signals, the
controller 204 can determine the total length of the bale. Also, when the end of the bale
is knotted, the controller 204 can determine where the bale is in the bale chamber and
its dimensions. Therefore, the controller 204 can start tracking the movement of this bale
in the bale chamber. The controller 204 can therefore also determine when the bale is
leaving the bale chamber and if the controller 204 also receives a bale-drop signal, the
controller 204 can determine that it is that bale that is falling off the machine. In this way,
knotter-data can be used to determine bale-dimension-data and or bale-location-data.
In some examples, the baler-data 214 can include bale-weight-data that is
acquired by a weight-sensor (not shown) that measures the weight of a bale when it is
formed. For example, the weight sensor can be associated with a bale chute of the baler
200.
In some examples, the baler-data 214 may include bale-density-data, which is
based on a density-setting received from the baler 200. The density-setting can be set
by an operator of the baler to control the intended crop density in the bale 108.
Alternatively, the controller 204 can divide bale-weight-data by bale-volume-data, which
can be determined form the baler-data 214.
In some examples, the baler-data 214 can include bale-crop-type-data. For
example, the baler 200 may have a user interface, that an operator of the baler 200 can
use to select the type of crop that is being baled.
In some examples, the baler-data 214 can include bale-moisture-data that is
acquired by a humidity sensor kit associated with the baler 200.
The controller 204 can then determine the bale-pick-up-data 212 based on the
bale-location-data 210 and / or the bale-property-data 216 that was calculated using the
baler-data 214.
Figure 4 shows schematically another system for determining bale-pick-up-data
312. Features of Figure 4 that are also shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3 have been given
corresponding reference numbers in the 300 series, and will not necessarily be described
again here.
The system includes a vehicle 320. In this example the vehicle is an unmanned
vehicle 320. The unmanned vehicle 320 can be an unmanned aerial vehicle (sometimes
referred to as a drone). In other examples, the vehicle 320 could be a land vehicle, which
may or may not be unmanned.
The unmanned vehicle 320 can include one or more sensors for obtaining field-
data 318, and a field of view 326 of such a sensor is shown schematically in Figure 4.
Field-data 318 that is representative of the unprocessed swath 306 and or the bales 308
can be processed in order to determine bale-property-data 316. For instance, properties
of the swath 302 that are not expected to significantly change when it is baled, can be
used as bale-property-data. An example of such a property is bale-crop-type-data.
In this example, the unmanned vehicle 320 includes a sensor 322 that can
acquire field-data 318. In this example the sensor 322 is a camera that can acquire field-
image-data. The field-image-data can be two-dimensional-image-data or three-
dimensional-image-data, and in some examples the camera can be a 3D-scanner or 3D-
camera.
Alternatively, or additionally, the field-data 318 can include: field-radar-data
acquired by a radar, field-LIDAR-data acquired by a LIDAR sensor; field-moisture-data
acquired by a moisture-sensor, field-IR-data acquired by an infra-red-sensor, ultrasonic-
data acquired by an ultrasonic sensor, or any other type of field-data 318 from any type
of sensor that can acquire information about the agricultural field 302 or the crop material
in the agricultural field 302. The controller 304 can process one or more of these different
types of field-data 318, either directly or indirectly, in order to determine one or both of
the bale-location-data 310 and the bale-property-data 316.
The controller 304 can determine the bale-property-data based (directly or
indirectly) on the field-data 318. For instance, the controller 304 can process the field-
data 318 in order to determine bale-crop-type-data. The controller 304 can perform an
object recognition algorithm on the field-image-data (data that is representative of the
swath 302 and / or a bale 308) in order to determine one or more of: crop-type (bale-
crop-type-data), and length of stalks in the material (bale-stalk-length-data).
In some examples, the controller 304 can also, or instead, process different types
of field-data 318 to determine the bale-property-data 316. For instance, the controller
304 can process field-IR-data to determine the temperature of crop material (bale-
temperature-data), or the controller 304 can process field-moisture-data to determine the
humidity / wetness of crop material (bale-moisture-data).
In one example, the controller 304 can determine bale-dimension-data based on
the field-data 318. The bale-dimension-data can include the height, width, cross-
sectional area, volume, or shape of the bales 308. The bale-dimension-data can
therefore represent one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional physical
characteristics of the bales 308, and can be determined based on two-dimensional-
image-data or three-dimensional-image-data.
The controller 304 can determine field-property-data that is representative of a
property of the agricultural field 302, based on the field-data 318. The field-property-data
can include field-contour-data that is representative of contours of the agricultural field
302. A user can provide the field-contour-data to the controller 304 in some examples
because this data acquisition can be considered as a one-time job. In other examples,
the controller 304 can determine the field-contour-data based on the field-image-data or
field-radar-data, for example. The controller 304 can then determine pick-up-route-plan-
data, as an example of bale-pick-up-data 312, based on the field-contour-data.
In some examples, the vehicle 320 can include a height-measurement-sensor for
acquiring bale-height-data representative of the height of the bales 308. If multiple height
measurements are taken whilst the vehicle 320 is moving, they can be combined in order
to provide a 3D-scan of a bale 308. The height-measurement-sensor can also be used
to measure stub-height-information, which is representative of stub height, if the stub
density is high enough. Irrespective of how the stub height is determined, in some
examples the controller 304 can subtract the stub height from the measured height of
the bale in order to determine bale-height-data.
The vehicle 320 can acquire: (i) field-data 318 that is representative of the
agricultural field 302 that has one or more bales 308 located in it; and (ii) field-location-
data (not shown) associated with the field-data 318. The controller 304 can optionally
determine the bale-pick-up-data 312 based on the field-data 318 and the field-location-
data.
In this example, the vehicle 320 acquires field-location-data associated with field-
image-data. For example, the vehicle 320 may have a location-determining-system 324,
such as GPS, that provides vehicle-location-data that is representative of the location of
the vehicle 320 when the field-image-data is acquired. The controller 304 may also
receive camera-direction-data and vehicle-altitude-data. The camera-direction-data may
be representative of the direction that the camera is facing relative to the vehicle 320.
The camera-direction-data may be hard coded if the camera is non-movably fixed to the
vehicle 320. If the camera is movably mounted to the vehicle 320, then the camera-
direction-data can take different values, which may be received as an input-signal at the
controller 304 from the vehicle 320. The controller 304 can then use a simple
trigonometric algorithm to attribute field-location-data to objects / areas that are
represented by the field-image-data based on the vehicle-location-data, the camera-
direction-data, a vehicle-altitude-data (if the vehicle 320 is an aerial vehicle), and a
direction of travel of the vehicle 320, as is known in the art.
Also, in this example, the controller 304 determines the bale-location-data 310
based on the field-data 318 and the field-location-data. The controller 304 can also
determine bale-dimension-data that is representative of the size of the one or more
bales, based on the field-data 318 and / or the field-location-data. As discussed above,
the controller 304 can then determine the bale-location-data 310 also based on the bale-
dimension-data.
Use of an aerial vehicle 320 can enable field-data 318 to be acquired from a
relatively high altitude to obtain an overview of the field 302, thereby providing a wide
field of view. During baling, another strategy can be used: the aerial vehicle 320 can fly
behind a baler to record data so that the controller 304 can determine the bale-location-
data 310 and / or bale-property-data 316 as the bales 308 are deposited onto the field
302.
It will be appreciated that one or more of the functions of the vehicle 320 that are
described with reference to Figure 4 could be implemented by the agricultural vehicle /
baler 300 itself in some examples. For example, field-data 318 as it described above
could be determined by processing signals acquired by sensors on the agricultural
vehicle / baler 300.
Also, in some examples, a controller can use a combination of baler-data
received from a baler and field-data received from one or more sensors to determine the
bale-location-data and the bale-property-data. The baler-data and the field-data can be
used together, for example as part of a single algorithm or determine different types of
bale-property-data. Alternatively, the controller can use the baler-data to determine bale-
location-data, and can use the field-data to determine the bale-property-data, or vice
versa.
Claims (13)
1. A system comprising: a controller configured to: receive bale-location-data representative of the location of a plurality of 5 bales in a field; receive bale-property-data representative of one or more physical properties of each of the plurality of bales; and determine bale-pick-up-data based on the bale-location-data and the bale-property-data, the bale-pick-up-data is associated with an operation to pick up the 10 bales from the field, the bale-pick-up-data comprises pick-up-route-plan-data that is representative of the order in which the bales should be picked up, the pick-up-route- plan-data comprises an ordered sequence of bale-pick-up-locations that correspond to the locations of the plurality bales in the field, wherein the controller is configured to determine the ordered sequence based on the 15 bale-property-data.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the bale-property-data comprises bale- dimension-data, which is representative of the physical size and / or shape of a bale. 20
3. The system of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the bale-property-data comprises bale-density-data, which is representative of the density of crop material in the bale.
4. The system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bale-property-data comprises 25 bale-weight-data, which is representative of the weight of the bale.
5. The system of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bale-property-data comprises bale-quality-data, which is representative of a quality-score of the bale. 30
6. The system of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bale-property-data comprises one or more of: bale-moisture-data, which is representative of a moisture-level of the bale; bale-crop-type-data, which is representative of the type of crop that is included in the bale; 35 bale-temperature-data, which is representative of the temperature of the bale; bale-stalk-length-data, which is representative of the length of crop stalks in the bale; bale-time-data, which is representative of one or both of a start and end timestamp of creation of the bale; and 5 bale-production-data, which is representative of one or more production parameters used for producing the bale.
7. The system of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bale-property-data comprises bale-quality-data, and wherein the controller is configured to determine the ordered 10 sequence based on an order list of the bales from high quality to low quality.
8. The system of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the bale-pick-up-data comprises bale-arrangement-data, which is representative of how the bales should be arranged when they are picked up.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to determine the bale- arrangement-data such that bales with associated bale-property-data are positioned adjacent to each other. 20
10. The system of claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the bale-arrangement-data comprises: for each of the plurality of bales: trailer-position-data, which is representative of a position for the bale on a trailer.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to determine the 25 trailer-position-data such that bales with predetermined properties are positioned in predetermined positions in the trailer.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the controller is configured to apply one or more trailer-position-criteria to the bale-property-data in order to determine the bale- 30 arrangement-data.
13. The system of claim 1 as hereinbefore described with reference to the figures.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE2017/5339 | 2017-05-09 | ||
BE20175339A BE1024473B1 (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | AGRICULTURAL SYSTEM |
PCT/EP2018/062060 WO2018206673A1 (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | An agricultural system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ758955A NZ758955A (en) | 2021-06-25 |
NZ758955B2 true NZ758955B2 (en) | 2021-09-28 |
Family
ID=
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10798867B2 (en) | Agricultural system | |
US11740632B2 (en) | Agricultural system | |
US11435188B2 (en) | Agricultural system | |
US20180120133A1 (en) | Correcting bias in parameter monitoring | |
AU2021351009A1 (en) | An agricultural system | |
CN110651285A (en) | Agricultural system | |
WO2021261343A1 (en) | Harvester, system for controlling harvester, method for controlling harvester, program for controlling harvester, and storage medium | |
NZ758955B2 (en) | An agricultural system | |
US20220397417A1 (en) | Residue spread mapping | |
EP4101282A1 (en) | Residue spread mapping | |
GB2606740A (en) | Residue monitoring | |
NZ758463B2 (en) | An agricultural system | |
WO2022243786A1 (en) | Residue spread monitoring | |
EP4340587A1 (en) | Residue spread monitoring | |
NZ759229B2 (en) | Heat dissipation structure for motor |