NZ264706A

NZ264706A - Cellphone antenna: concentric circles of elements

Info

Publication number: NZ264706A
Application number: NZ264706A
Authority: NZ
Inventors: Bernd X Weis
Original assignee: Alcatel Australia
Priority date: 1993-10-16
Filing date: 1994-10-14
Publication date: 1996-10-28
Also published as: AU7580694A; DE4335343A1; EP0649227A1; FI944849A; FI944849A0

Description

<div class="application article clearfix" id="description"> 4 70 6 I Priority DattKs): CcmpJoi* Specification Fiktd: OtfM: @LUO.IlQ&.J[<?a,.3«±V ...WO.LQaL/.3lQ;,.-..B.QJAS'.J.4^& Pi ibdcwtion D«te: P.O. ,l;vufn«! No: ^ i 1MIE COPY /^'r'rK . NEW ZEALAND [/¥ "'iV u0l 1 PATENTS ACT 1953 \* ' ':JU4 '4 \V /> // COMPLETE SPECIFICATION 0^ i C—... " A DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA" v\ WE, ALCATEL AUSTRALIA LIMITED, Octs/ ooo o© 5 A Company of the State of New South Wales, of 280 Botany Road, Alexandria, New South Wales. 2015, Australia, hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: The invention concerns a hand-heid radiotelephone with an antenna consisting of several radiating elements, in which different directional effects are adjustable, and a vehicle radiotelephone. Such a hand-held radiotelephone is known from DE 41 34 357 A1. It indicates antennas whose radiating elements are either installed next to each other in a line, or which are adjacent and superimposed in one plane. Different directional effects can be obtained by adjusting different phases in the radiating elements. The respective technology is very well known, for example in radar and navigational applications. Basically, such antennas are useable in conjunction with hand-held radiotelephones. They have been accepted to a certain degree, because they provide different advantages. Still, there is the desire for a configuration of hand-held radiotelephone and antenna that is easier to handle. This is where the invention is helpful with a hand-held radiotelephone. The inventive principle may also be adapted for use as a vehicle radiotelephone. Significant improvements can already be achieved with a small directional effect. For example, a directional effect of 3 dB, which corresponds to a factor of 2, allows to achieve as good a connection as without the directional effect, with an output that is reduced by a factor of 2. With a specified battery charge, the device is able to transmit nearly twice as long. The environmental pollution caused by the so-called electro-smog is also decreased by the same factor. The frequency can be used again, even at a smaller distance. By suitably turning, the user is clearly less impacted by the radiation. The necessary and sufficient directional effect is already obtainable with a compact arrangement. Further configurations of the invention can be found in the subclaims. The invention will be further explained in the following by means of a configuration example and the attached drawings. The figure illustrates a hand-held radiotelephone 1 with an antenna 2 in cross section a), side view b) and front view c). The details, particularly microphone and loudspeaker openings, as well as read-outs and keys, are not illustrated. By contrast, the antenna 2 is depicted in detail, with its construction made especially clear in cross section a). In this example, the entire antenna is contained in a cylindrical, nonconductive housing, which is integrally formed on the upper end of the hand-held radiotelephone. In general, the larger an antenna is, the more effective it is. An antenna with a diameter of about 8cm and 6 cm height may be as acceptable. Even in view of the achievable directional effect, such an antenna is seen as adequate in the frequency range of 1.8 GHz to 2 GHz, provided for many future applications. The antenna 2 consists of several radiating elements E, arranged in two concentric circles 21 and 22, and in the center of the circle 23. All the radiating elements E are the same; they are all arranged parallel to each other. The outer circle 21 contains eight radiating elements E, the inner circle 22 contains four. The radiating elements E in the inner circle can also be omitted. The same applies to the radiating element in the center of the circle. This depends on the cost that is and can be afforded for the in-phase coupling of the radiating elements E. It also depends on the operating frequency. At very high frequencies, for which the radiating elements are very small, a stacked arrangement could be envisioned, which also provides a directional effect in the elevation direction. The adjustment of a directional effect makes sense in both the transmitting and the receiving cases. It is also equally possible in both cases. The adjustment of a directional effect is particularly necessary in the receiving case, to locate the remote station, in order to even know the direction to be adjusted in the transmission case. The in-phase coupling of the radiating elements E to attain a determined directional effect can be achieved with any suitable method. In the simplest case, only the outer circle 21 is used, and two opposite radiating elements are chosen, which are then supplied with a phase difference that corresponds to their distance. *1 & r & U - Any suitable method can also be used for the location. For example, when making a connection, the directional diagram can be rotated once, and slightly moved back and forth during the running connection, to first determine the direction with the best reception, and then to track it. </div>

Claims

<div class="application article clearfix printTableText" id="claims"> The claims defining the invention are as follows:

1. A hand-held radiotelephone with an antenna consisting of a plurality of radiating elements and adjustable to produce different directional effects, wherein the radiating elements are arranged on one or more concentric circles.

2. A hand-held radiotelephone as claimed in claim 1, wherein further radiating elements are arranged on a further circle.

3. A hand-held radiotelephone as claimed in claim 1, wherein a further radiating element is located at the center of the circle.

4. A hand-held radiotelephone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radiating elements are contained in a cylindrical, nonconducting housing, and that said housing is formed integrally on the upper end of the hand-held radiotelephone.

5. A vehicle radiotelephone with an antenna consisting of a plurality of radiating elements and adjustable to produce different directional effect, wherein the radiating elements are arranged on a circle.

6. A radiotelephone as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 including monitoring means to measure the received signal strength from pairs of diagonally opposite radiating elements, and control means to cause the transmit signals to be applied to the pair of diagonally opposite radiating elements which receive the strongest received signal.

7. A radiotelephone substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings. ALCATEL AUSTRALIA LIMITED P.M. Conrick Authorized Agent P5/1/1703 </div>