KR810000665B1 - Overspeed controlling device of electrical motor - Google Patents

Overspeed controlling device of electrical motor Download PDF

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Publication number
KR810000665B1
KR810000665B1 KR7903599A KR790003599A KR810000665B1 KR 810000665 B1 KR810000665 B1 KR 810000665B1 KR 7903599 A KR7903599 A KR 7903599A KR 790003599 A KR790003599 A KR 790003599A KR 810000665 B1 KR810000665 B1 KR 810000665B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
speed
motor
generator
overspeed
control device
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KR7903599A
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Korean (ko)
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이춘동
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조석래
효성중공업 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/06—Arrangements for speed regulation of a single motor wherein the motor speed is measured and compared with a given physical value so as to adjust the motor speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

Automatic speed regulator for preventing damage of the motor itself and related machineries owing to abnormal speeds such as overspeed or low speed of the motor, is comprised of a speed sensing generator and a control device. The control device comprises OP amplifiers(IC1,IC2,IC3), a switching cct., a charge-discharge cct. and rectangular pulse generator. A rotating frequency generated by the generator is proportioned to the speed of the motor. If this frequency value is over or lower than the preset value, the SPR relay is excited by the transistor(6) and the magnet relay(MR) is operated. Thus, the motor and peripheral appts. are protected from the incidental accident.

Description

전동기의 전자식 자동속도 제어장치Electronic automatic speed controller of electric motor

제1도는 전동기에 본 발명의 장치를 취부한 조립 상태도.1 is an assembled state diagram in which the apparatus of the present invention is mounted on an electric motor.

제2도는 본 발명의 회로도.2 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.

제3도는 본 발명 장치의 각 점검점에서의 주파수 파형도로서3 is a frequency waveform diagram at each checkpoint of the device of the present invention.

제3a도는 점검점(TP.1)에서의 주파수 파형도.3A is a frequency waveform diagram at checkpoint TP.1.

제3b도는 점검점(TP.2)에서의 주파수 파형도3b is a frequency waveform diagram at check point TP.2.

제3c도는 점검점(TP.3)에서의 주파수 파형도.3C is a frequency waveform diagram at checkpoint TP.3.

제3d도는 점검점(TP.4)에서의 주파수 파형도.3d is a diagram of the frequency waveform at the check point (TP.4).

제3e도는 점검점(TP.5)에서의 주파수 파형도.3e is a frequency waveform diagram at a check point (TP.5).

제3f도는 점검점(TP.6)에서의 주파수 파형도.3f is a frequency waveform diagram at checkpoint TP.6.

제3g도는 점검점(TP.7)에서의 주파수 파형도.3g is a frequency waveform diagram at a check point (TP.7).

제3h도는 점검점(TP.8)에서의 주파수 파형도.3h is a frequency waveform diagram at a check point (TP.8).

제3i도는 점검점(TP.9)에서의 주파수 파형도.3i is a frequency waveform diagram at checkpoint TP.9.

본 발명은 전동기의 속도를 자동 검지 제어하는 전동기의 자동속도 검지제어 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an automatic speed detection control apparatus for an electric motor for automatically detecting and controlling the speed of an electric motor.

종래에는 속도 검출 발전기를 전동기의 축에 기계적으로 접촉 연결하는 속도 검출제어 방식을 채택하였으나, 기계적인 마찰로 인하여 마모되고 충격등으로 인한 파손이 발생하며, 또한 회전속도에 비례한 전압량(아나로그량)의 검출제어시에 발생하는 온도 변화에 따른 전기저항의 변화에 의하여 오차전압이 발생하며, 타코 제너레터(TACHO GENE RATOR)의 회전자에 영구자석을 사용시 갱년 변화에 따른 탈자화(脫磁化) 현상으로 발전 전압이 감소되는 경우가 많았다.Conventionally, the speed detection control method is used to mechanically connect the speed detection generator to the shaft of the motor, but it is worn out due to mechanical friction and damage due to impact occurs. Error voltage is generated due to the change of electrical resistance caused by temperature change generated during the detection control, and when the permanent magnet is used for the rotor of the tacho generator, ), The power generation voltage was often reduced.

본 발명은 이러한 점을 감안하여 발명한 것으로 전동기의 운전중 과속 및 저속등의 우발적이고 비정상적 속도에 의하여 관련기기의 피해를 방지키 위하여 속도 검출 발전기를 전동기축에 무접촉시켜 회전속도에 비례한 주파수량(디지탈량)을 검출제어 함으로써 장치의 고장이나 파손등을 방지하고 오차의 발생을 최대로 줄일수 있게한 것으로 이를 첨부된 도면에 의하여 구성을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.The present invention has been invented in view of the above-mentioned problems. In order to prevent damage to related equipment due to accidental and abnormal speeds such as overspeed and low speed while the motor is in operation, the speed detection generator is brought into contact with the motor shaft without being proportional to the rotation speed. By detecting and controlling the quantity (digital amount), it is possible to prevent the failure or damage of the device and to reduce the occurrence of errors to the maximum. The configuration will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

전동기의 회전축에 주강재를 사용한 치차(3)를 전동기의 회전축(2)에 압입하여 고정하고 발굽형 영구자석에 코일을 감아 만든 속도 검출 발전기(4)를 치차(3)와 2-5mm 공극 간격을 두어 전동기(1) 후레임(몸체)에 고정 설치하고 케이블 전선을 통해 속도 검출 발전기의 출력을 제어장치(5)에 입력으로 공급하고 제어장치의 출력을 전선을 통해 전동기(6)의 전원 접속 단자에 공급하도록 설치한 것이다.The speed detecting generator (4) made by press-fitting the gear (3) using cast steel to the rotating shaft (2) of the motor and winding the coil around the hoof-type permanent magnet is fixed to the gear (3) and the 2-5mm gap gap. Fixed to the frame (body) of the motor (1), supply the output of the speed detection generator to the control device (5) through the cable wires, and the output of the control device to the power supply terminal of the motor (6) through the wires It was installed to supply

이와 같은 본 발명의 작용효과를 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the effects of the present invention as follows.

전동기의 회전축(2)에 설치한 치차(3)가 전동기의 회전에 따라 회전하면 속도 검출발전기(4)에 내장된 말굽형 영구자석의 자로(磁路)에 돌극부(

Figure kpo00001
)가 접근하면 자기저항이 감소하고(
Figure kpo00002
)가 접근하면 자기저항(磁氣抵抗)이 증가되어 교류 주파수 1HZ(싸이클)가 발생하여 속도 검출 발전기(4)의 코일에는 속도에 정비례한 정현파 주파수 제3a도가 발생하여 속도 제어장치(5)에 입력되어 저항(R1)을 통해 연산증폭기(IC.1)에 입력된다.When the gear 3 installed on the rotating shaft 2 of the motor rotates in accordance with the rotation of the motor, a protrusion pole (s) is formed in the path of the horseshoe type permanent magnet built into the speed detecting generator 4.
Figure kpo00001
Approaches), the magnetoresistance decreases (
Figure kpo00002
), The magnetoresistance increases and an alternating frequency 1HZ (cycle) is generated, and a sinusoidal frequency 3a degree in direct proportion to the speed is generated in the coil of the speed detection generator 4, and the speed controller 5 The signal is input to the operational amplifier IC.1 through the resistor R 1 .

제1도의 속도 검출 발전기(4)에서 발생된 주파수는 제2도의 점검점(TP.1)에서는 제3a도의 좌측과 같은 정현파로 속도가 증가하여 비례 주파수가 우측과 같이 점차 증가되어 설정주파수치에까지 도달하는 것이다.The frequency generated by the speed detecting generator 4 of FIG. 1 is increased at the sine wave as shown on the left side of FIG. 3a at the check point TP.1 of FIG. 2, and the proportional frequency is gradually increased as shown on the right to the set frequency value. To reach.

연산증폭기(IC.1)에서는 출력단자인 점검점(TP.2)에 제3b도와 같은 구형파가 출력된다.In the operational amplifier IC.1, a square wave as shown in FIG. 3b is output to the check point TP.2 which is an output terminal.

저항(R4)를 통해 제너다이오드(ZD.1)에서 일정 전압으로 되어 콘덴서(C1)에서 미분되어 (-)펄스로 되어 점검점(TP.3)에 제3c도와 같은 (-) 펄스가 발생되어 다이오드(D1)에 의해 트랜지스터(TR.1)의 베이스 전류를 차단하므로 점검점(TR.4)에는 제3d도와 같은 (+) 구형펄스가 발생하여 다이오드(D2)에 의해 트랜지스터(TR.2)의 입력전류가 차단되나 그 순간 트랜지스터(TR.2)는 고정 바이어스(R16, R17)에 의해 도통하여 콘덴서(C2)의 충전된 전압을 방전하는 전압이 점검점(TP.5)에 제3e도와 같은 파형으로 나타나며, 점검점(TP.5)에 나타난 삼각펄스는 연산증폭기(IC.2)에 구형파로 비반전 되어 점검점(TP.6)에서 제3f도와 같은 파형으로 나타난다.Through resistor R 4 , it becomes constant voltage at Zener diode ZD.1, differentiates at capacitor C 1 , becomes negative pulse, and negative pulse like 3c at check point TP.3 is applied. Is generated to block the base current of the transistor TR. 1 by the diode D 1 , and a positive square pulse like that of FIG. 3d is generated at the check point TR. 4 so that the diode D 2 causes the transistor ( The input current of TR.2 is cut off, but the transistor TR.2 is energized by the fixed biases R 16 and R 17 to discharge the charged voltage of the capacitor C 2 . .5) is shown in the same waveform as 3e, and the triangular pulse shown in check point TP.5 is inverted into a square wave in the operational amplifier IC. Appears.

점검점(TP.6)에 (+)구형파가 출력되면 트랜지스터(TR.3)는 온. 오프(ON-OFF)의 스위칭(SWITCHING) 작용을 하여 콘덴서(C3)에 충전된 전압을 방전하며, 구형파가 발생하지 않을때는 트랜지스터(TR.3)는동작되지 않아 콘덴서(C3)는 충전을 계속하여 제3g도와 같이 기준전압치보다 상승되게 C3는 충전을 하게 되며, 연산증폭기(IC.3)는 제3h도와 같이 출력을 발생하게되어 TR.4는 정바이어스 상태로 동작하여 SPR 계전기를 여자되게 되고 점검점(TP.9)에는 제3i도와 같이 동작된다.When a positive square wave is output to the check point TP.6, the transistor TR.3 is turned on. It discharges the voltage charged in the capacitor C 3 by switching on and off, and when the square wave does not occur, the transistor TR.3 does not operate and the capacitor C 3 is charged. C 3 is charged so as to rise above the reference voltage value as shown in FIG. 3g, and the operational amplifier IC.3 generates an output as shown in FIG. 3h, and TR.4 operates in a positive bias state so that the SPR relay Is excited and it operates as shown in FIG.

계전기(6)이 동작하면 접점(r)이 개방되어 관련 제어장치인 마그네트리레이(MR) 또는 싸이리스타(SCR 또는 TRIAC)의 게이트(GATE) 입력을 차단하여 전동기의 전원을 차단토록 하므로서 전동기의 속도 검출에 의한 자동 제어로 과속시 관련 접속기기의 파손 및 피해등을 방지하는 것으로 온도변화 및 기계적 마찰충격 및 전기적인 갱년 변화에도 영향 및 고장이 발생치 않는 유용한 발명인 것이다.When the relay 6 operates, the contact point r is opened to cut off the gate input of the related control device, the magnet relay (MR) or the thyristor (SCR or TRIAC), to cut off the power of the motor. It is a useful invention that prevents damage and damage of related equipment when overspeed by automatic control by speed detection, and does not affect or break down even with temperature change, mechanical friction shock, and electrical menopausal change.

Claims (1)

본문에 상기하고 도면에 표시한 바와 같이 전동기의 회전축 축치차를 설치한 것에 있어서 회전 속도를 속도검출 발전기(4)에 의해 검출하여 연산증폭기(IC.1, IC.2, IC.3)와 저항 소자(R1)(R3) 및 (R9)(R10)과 (R13)(R14)에 의거 포화점이상에서 동작토록 하고 정전압 다이오드(ZD.1)에 의거 일정한 전압의 구형파 펄스를 발생토록한 디지털 신호에 의거 속도설정용 소자(R8)(C2) 및 (R12)(C3)의 시정수와 비교하여 검출속도 설정치에서 속도검출계전기 SPR을 동작토록한것을 특징으로한 전동기의 전자식 자동속도 제어장치.As described above and shown in the drawings, the rotation speed is detected by the speed detection generator 4 in the case where the shaft shaft difference of the motor is provided, and the operational amplifiers IC.1, IC.2, and IC.3 Operate above the saturation point according to the elements (R 1 ) (R 3 ) and (R 9 ) (R 10 ) and (R 13 ) (R 14 ) and apply a square wave pulse of constant voltage according to the constant voltage diode (ZD.1). The speed detection relay SPR is operated at the detection speed set value compared with the time constants of the speed setting elements R 8 (C 2 ) and (R 12 ) (C 3 ) based on the generated digital signal. Electronic automatic speed controller of electric motor.
KR7903599A 1979-10-18 1979-10-18 Overspeed controlling device of electrical motor KR810000665B1 (en)

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