KR20220088250A - AUTO Demand Response Device And Method For Electric Vehicle Charging - Google Patents

Abstract

The automatic DR apparatus of the present invention includes: a load receiving power from a power distribution unit through a load meter; an electric vehicle having a battery and a battery control unit for controlling charging and discharging of the battery; a charger receiving power from the power distribution unit through a charging meter and charging the battery of the electric vehicle; a DR server that issues a DR command; a main control unit that communicates with the DR server and stops or reduces charging of the electric vehicle of the charger when the DR command is issued; may include

Description

Automatic DR device and automatic DR method for electric vehicle {AUTO Demand Response Device And Method For Electric Vehicle Charging}

The present invention relates to a DR device and method for demand response when a power peak or fine dust alarm is issued.

Demand Response (hereinafter referred to as 'DR') is a system that returns as much electricity as saved to electricity users as money. When the government requests a reduction in electricity, electricity use is reduced and a payment is received accordingly.

Electric vehicle owners may need efficient demand resource management when implementing DR issuance.

The present invention provides an automatic DR apparatus and method for efficient demand response of a load in connection with an electric vehicle or electric vehicle charger.

The automatic DR apparatus of the present invention includes: a load receiving power from a power distribution unit through a load meter; an electric vehicle having a battery and a battery control unit for controlling charging and discharging of the battery; a charger receiving power from the power distribution unit through a charging meter and charging the battery of the electric vehicle; a DR server that issues a DR command; a main control unit that communicates with the DR server and stops or reduces charging of the electric vehicle of the charger when the DR command is issued; may include

The automatic DR method of the present invention comprises: a first step of inputting user information including information about reducing power used by a reduction contract value when a reduction instruction is issued through a user unit; a second step of registering the user information; a third step in which the reduction instruction is issued; a fourth step of obtaining, by the main control unit, second power that is power consumption of a charger for charging an electric vehicle and the user information; a fifth step of the main controller stopping charging of the charger when the second power is less than the reduction contract value; may include

According to the present invention, demand management can be automatically managed instead of manual participation so that the electric vehicle owner can increase the fulfillment rate when participating in the demand response procedure by linking the charger.

When the national DR is issued, the charging limit, delay, and speed adjustment are performed by automatically controlling the charger of the electric vehicle through the main control unit, thereby automatically increasing the national DR implementation rate.

Through the demand management method of the present invention, it is possible to reduce electricity bills and generate profits for electric vehicle owners.

In addition, it is possible to provide information on the status of electric vehicles, such as point payment through carbon emission calculations, and batteries through OBD installation.

The present invention can perform electric vehicle national DR service, carbon emission credit service, smart charging function, vehicle condition management information providing service, and V2G service.

In a distributed system including the first unit and the second unit, if the power demand of the first unit is high, the power of the second unit may be drawn to the first unit. In particular, power for charging the electric vehicle of the second unit may be drawn to the first unit through the transfer unit. Accordingly, efficient power management of the distributed system is possible, and DR revenue can be generated for both the users of the first unit and the users of the second unit.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of an automatic DR apparatus of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of implementing the automatic DR apparatus of the present invention in a distributed system.
3 is a graph for explaining CBL, reduction amount, and reduction contract value of the present invention.

The demand response procedure can be classified into standard DR for large factories, small and medium-sized DR for shopping malls, and national DR for household electricity consumers. Meanwhile, demand response can be divided into peak reduction DR, rate reduction DR, and public DR.

Peak Reduction DR is a system in which electricity users reduce their pre-contracted electricity usage in response to the power exchange's reduction instruction during peak power hours, and receive a settlement through the amount of reduction.

Charge Reduction DR is a system in which the same amount of electricity savings as the generator is paid through the reduction performance when a successful bid is bid for the amount of electricity savings possible the day before.

National DR is a demand response system in which small electricity operators (eg, households, small stores, etc.) can participate. It is a system in which demand management companies collect electricity consumers and resell the electricity saved as a demand resource to be compensated.

Public DR may be to expand demand management and spread energy saving by inducing the public to voluntarily reduce power consumption when a specific requirement occurs, that is, when an emergency situation of power supply and demand or a fine dust warning occurs.

The national DR issuance requirement is when the air quality forecast results show that 3 or more of 19 regions nationwide have a fine or ultra-fine dust rating of poor quality or higher.

The issuing time is from 06:00 to 21:00 on weekdays, the issuing time is at least 30 minutes before the start of the reduction, and the reduction duration can be limited to 1 hour, once a day. In addition, the annual issuing limit is unlimited, and the compensation for reduction implementation can be the amount of reduction X the unit price of the settlement amount when the reduction is implemented by 1mWh or more of the resource unit, and there is no penalty for non-compliance with the reduction. National DR enforcement rules may continue to change in the future. The main control unit may update the operation logic according to the regulations of the national DR.

The procedure for joining the national DR can be done as follows.

This can be done by checking whether participation is possible, completing the contract and preparing registration documents, agreeing to provide information, registering demand resources/registration of additional demand resources, and initiating electricity trading.

Participation can be checked by checking the electricity bill receipt or remote meter reading of participating customers.

The configuration to implement the demand management method to implement the national DR of participating customers who are electric vehicle owners with chargers is as follows.

At least one of the DR server 260 , the electric vehicle 70 , the charger 60 , and the main control unit 250 that performs automatic DR operated by the accommodation management operator may be provided.

The charger 60 may be provided with a charger modem 64 for communicating with the DR server 260 . The charger 60 is connected to the charger modem 64 and RS232, CAN, etc., and the charger modem 64 communicates with the DR server 260 or the main controller 250 through Wi-Fi, LTE, etc. to the charger 60. data information can be provided.

The charger modem 64 may communicate with the electric vehicle 70 . The charger modem 64 may obtain all information about the charger 60 and provide it to the DR server 260 .

The user unit 270 may include a customer terminal. The user unit 270 may communicate with at least one of the electric vehicle 70 , the charger 60 , the main control unit 250 , and the DR server 260 . Through the app installed in the user unit 270, a pop-up window informs the customer of a phrase asking whether to participate, and if the customer approves the participation, the main control unit 250 remotely controls the charger 60 to force the charger 60 of electricity output can be reduced.

The DR server 260 may transmit a national DR command from the power exchange to the main controller 250 . The main controller 250 may receive real-time power data from the charger 60 and provide the power reduction data to the power exchange or the DR server 260 .

At the time of forcibly reducing the charger 60 through the main controller 250 , at least one of limiting and reducing the amount of charging or controlling smoke or charging speed may be controlled.

When the national DR command is released (one hour after the issuance), the main control unit 250 may control the charger 60 again to release the forced limiting operation of the amount of electricity output and restore it to its original state.

A customer participating in the national DR, who is an electric vehicle owner, can monitor the state through the user unit 270 . That is, the charging status and the electric vehicle status can be checked on the screen unit of the user unit 270 . The charging status informs the elapsed time and remaining time when the customer's electric vehicle is being charged, the national DR issue probability, and customer electric vehicle information registered in the DR server 260 (driveable distance, battery level, total mileage, fuel economy, smart Charging options (for example, fast time optimization charging phrase)), service usage history (check group point details due to national DR participation, national DR accumulation by date, emission permit accumulation, coupon exchange), etc. may be provided.

When checking whether the national DR participation through the user unit 270 is performed, it may be operated in an automatic participation mode. The automatic participation mode may be to automatically participate in the public DR without a specific action of the customer. For the automatic participation mode service, the charger 60 may be operated as an integrated charger capable of communication and control by the charger modem 64 .

The demand management method of the present invention may provide a V2G service. V2G refers to the efficient use of energy by using the power in the battery of an electric vehicle to drive the electric vehicle in normal times, and transmitting the charged electric power through the electric grid when a peak in power consumption occurs. Simply put, electric vehicle drivers charge their batteries during late-night hours when electricity rates are cheap, and after returning to work, sell the remaining power in the batteries during peak hours. Then, the customer can earn money by selling electricity to the power company (KEPCO) at peak times, and the power company can reduce the power plant operation rate.

Referring to FIG. 3 , a customer baseline load (CBL) may be a value that predicts the usual power usage that the participating customers would use if the power load was not reduced. This may mean a load that is a standard for reducing power demand in the corresponding time period. CBL is a customer reference load, which is a criterion for selecting and evaluating the amount of power load reduction of customers participating in the demand resource trading market by time period. Mid(8/10), the average of power consumption, can be specified by the Power Exchange on a monthly basis (mid(4/6) is used when summer or winter temperature fluctuations are expected to be severe). In the present invention, the compensation received according to the implementation of the national DR can be divided and distributed between participating customers and demand management companies.

The load 40 refers to a power consuming device such as a motor or a home appliance, and may receive power from the power distribution unit 20 through the load meter 30 . The power system 10 means a power plant, and power may be supplied from the power system 10 through the power distribution unit 20 .

The electric vehicle 70 may include a battery 71 and a battery control unit 72 that controls charging and discharging of the battery 71 , and may receive power from the power distribution unit 20 through the charge meter 63 . have. Although the figure shows the load meter 30 and the charge meter 63 as separate parts, in some cases, they may be the same part. That is, power may be supplied to the load 40 and the electric vehicle 70 through a single meter.

In response to the reduction instruction, the load 40 is using power and it may be difficult to reduce the power consumption of the load 40 . For example, a case in which the load 40 is a house and consumes a minimum amount of power, or a case where the load 40 is a factory and consumes a minimum amount of power for production. In this case, the best place to reduce power in order to comply with the DR procedure may be the charger 60 for charging the electric vehicle 70 . In the case of slow charging of the electric vehicle 70 , the charger 60 may have a rated capacity of 7 kw.

In the case of national DR, reduction orders are issued during peak times, and 1,300 won can be received if 1kW is reduced as the amount of reduction at this time. When the national DR is issued, 1300 * 7 = 9,100 won can be received only by DR control that blocks the charger 60 once.

On the other hand, reducing 1kw of electricity consumption in a household at once is equivalent to not using the heater that was always used when the CBL is several kilowatts by using several kilowatts of electric heaters on a regular basis, so it can lead to great sacrifice. .

Since the slow charging time of the electric vehicle 70 may take at least 5 hours or more, even if the charging is stopped for 1 to 2 hours when the national DR is activated, there may not be a big problem. Therefore, if the electric vehicle 70 or the charger 60 can be managed as an object of the national DR, it is possible to generate profits very easily, and it can be helpful in securing the stability of the entire power system 10 .

Therefore, according to the present invention, the user receives confirmation of participation in national DR through the user unit 270 in advance, and registers it in the DR server 260 or the main control unit 250 . Since the national DR is activated at a random time, even the time when the user of the electric vehicle 70 receives confirmation that the reduction instruction is followed may cause a time delay in the normal DR performance.

Since user confirmation is omitted, the present invention can manage the demand of the charger 60 synchronized with the reduction instruction. The charger 60 may be stopped or the amount of charging may be reduced to meet the reduction plan value.

The charger 60 may receive power from the power distribution unit 20 through the charge meter 63 and charge the battery 71 of the electric vehicle 70 . For the immediate operation of the main control unit 250, real-time power consumption of the load 40 is obtained in real time through the load meter 30, and the real-time power consumption of the charger 60 can be obtained in real time through the charging meter 63. . The power supply unit 61 may convert AC power into DC power or adjust the voltage of DC power. The charger controller 62 may control the overall operation of the charger 60 .

The DR server 260 may include a power exchange that issues a DR command. The main controller 250 may communicate with the DR server 260 . The main control unit 250 may stop or reduce charging of the electric vehicle 70 of the charger 60 as soon as the DR command is issued.

The main controller 250 may generate a first command for managing power of the load 40 and a second command for managing power of the charger 60 . The sum of the first power that is the power used by the load 40 according to the first command and the second power that is the power used by the charger 60 according to the second command can be calculated.

For example, when a reduction instruction is triggered while using a specific power (1500 watts) in the household that is the load 40, the main control unit 250 sends a first command to reduce the power consumption of the load 40 to the first power (1000 watts). ) can be created. When the charger 60 performs slow charging of the electric vehicle 70 with arbitrary power (7 kilowatts) and the national DR command is triggered, slow charging is stopped and the power consumption of the charger 60 is reduced to the second power (0 watts) The second command may be generated by the main controller 250 . The power consumption before the command generation of the main control unit 250 is 8500 watts, and the sum of the first power (1000 watts) and the second power (0 watts) after the DR command is activated is 1000 watts. If the reduction plan value is registered as 5 kw through the user unit 270 , when the reduction instruction is triggered in the DR server 260 , power consumption must be reduced by the reduction plan value 5 kw immediately. To this end, the present invention may stop or reduce the charging of the charger 60 .

The main control unit 250 may limit the sum of the first power and the second power within the power that satisfies the DR command of the DR server 260 (for example, so that the reduction amount is 5 kw or more). For example, the total of the first power and the second power may be limited to be smaller than the power consumption before the DR command by 5 kw or more.

The main control unit 250 may communicate with the load meter 30 and obtain the first power from the load meter 30 . The main control unit 250 may communicate with the charging meter 63 or the charger modem 64 and obtain the second power as a real-time measurement.

The electric vehicle modem 74 and the charger modem 64 may exchange information regarding charging the battery 71 of the electric vehicle 70 with each other. The main control unit 250 may be connected to the charger modem 64 . When the DR command is issued, the main controller 250 may directly control the charger 60 using the charger modem 64 as a medium or actuator.

The user unit 270 may receive user information indicating participation in the DR procedure of the DR server 260 in advance. The DR server 260 may register user information by matching it with the charger 60 . The charger 60 registered for DR participation as user information may be subject to suspension or reduction in distinction from other chargers 60 when DR is issued. The charger 60 may be identified as a control target for DR response different from other chargers 60 by the user information table registered in advance.

When the DR server 260 issues a reduction instruction, information indicating that the power used is reduced by a reduction contract value (eg, 5 kw) may be previously registered in the DR server 260 . The power exchange may request a DR response from users who have established a DR contract in advance.

When the reduction instruction is issued, the main controller 250 may compare the second power (eg, 7 kw), which is the power used by the charger 60 , with a reduction contract value (eg, 5 kw). If the second power (for example, 7kw) is greater than the reduction contract value (for example, 5kw), the main control unit 250 controls the second power (for example, 7kw) supplied from the charger 60 to the electric vehicle 70 . At least the reduction contract value (eg, 5kw, 6kw, 7kw...) can be reduced.

If the second power (eg, 3kw) is less than the reduction contract value (eg, 5kw), the main controller 250 may stop charging of the charger 60 in synchronization with the timing of issuing the reduction instruction. This is because it is necessary to first cut off charging power (eg, 3 kw) of the electric vehicle 70 , which consumes more power than the load 40 , and determine whether there is something to further reduce in the load 40 . In this case, there is a risk that the reduction contract value (eg 5 kW) will not be met. If the reduction contract value is not met when the reduction order is issued, the revenue may not be received or even a fine may be paid.

Referring to FIG. 2, the case of a distributed system will be described.

The first unit 210 including the first load 40 and the first charger 60 and the second unit 220 including the second load 40 and the second charger 60 are distributed. can The main controller 250 may perform demand management for the distributed system, and may reduce the DR failure rate by returning surplus power of other systems to the insufficient system.

The first unit 210 reduces power consumption by the first reduction contract value when a reduction instruction is issued, and the second unit 220 reduces power consumption by the second reduction contract value when a reduction instruction is issued. DR server 260 can be registered in

At this time, the transfer unit 50 for connecting or disconnecting the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 may be operated by the main controller 250 .

When the DR server 260 issues a reduction instruction, if it is determined that it is difficult to reduce the power consumption of the first unit 210 by the first reduction contract value, the main control unit 250 reduces the power consumption of the first unit 210 . It is possible to eliminate the risk by adding supply power to the first unit 210 rather than that. To this end, the main control unit 250 may supply the power supplied to the second unit 220 to the first unit 210 through the transfer unit 50 . Examples of the transfer unit 50 include a solenoid switch, a relay, and the like. The DR violation may be prevented by connecting the power of the battery 71 of the second electric vehicle 70 to the battery 71 of the first electric vehicle 70 and supplying DC power. The DR violation may be prevented by connecting the power of the battery 71 of the second electric vehicle 70 to the first load 40 . There is an advantage in that it is not necessary to reduce the power consumption of the first load 40 and the first charger 60 while satisfying the reduction plan value of the first unit 210 .

The automatic DR method of the present invention will be described as follows.

a first step of inputting user information including information about reducing the power used by the reduction contract value when a reduction instruction is issued through the user unit 270;

a second step of registering the user information;

a third step in which the reduction instruction is issued;

a fourth step of obtaining, by the main control unit 250, the second power that is the power consumption of the charger 60 for charging the electric vehicle 70 and the user information;

a fifth step in which the main control unit 250 stops charging of the charger 60 when the second power is less than the reduction contract value; can be performed.

10...power grid 20...distribution section
30...load meter 40...load
50...carrier 60...charger
61...Power supply 62...Charger control unit
63...charge meter 64...charger modem
70...Electric vehicle 71...Battery
72...Battery Control 74...Electric Vehicle Modem
210...1st unit 220...2nd unit
250..Main Control Unit 260...DR Server
270...User Department

Claims (8)

a load receiving power from the power distribution unit;
an electric vehicle having a battery and a battery control unit for controlling charging and discharging of the battery;
a charger receiving power from the power distribution unit and charging a battery of the electric vehicle;
a DR server that issues a DR command;
a main control unit that communicates with the DR server and stops or reduces charging of the electric vehicle of the charger when the DR command is issued; Auto DR device including.
According to claim 1,
The main control unit,
Generating a first command for managing the power of the load and a second command for managing the power of the charger,
calculating the sum of the first power that is the power used by the load according to the first command and the second power that is the power used by the charger according to the second command,
An automatic DR device for limiting the sum of the first power and the second power to within a power that satisfies the DR command of the DR server.
According to claim 1,
The main control unit,
communicate with the load meter and obtain the first power from the load meter;
An automatic DR device that communicates with the charging meter or a charger modem installed in the charger and obtains the second power from the charging meter or charger modem.
According to claim 1,
The electric vehicle modem provided in the electric vehicle and the charger modem provided in the charger mutually exchange information regarding battery charging of the electric vehicle,
The main control unit is connected to the charger modem,
When the DR command is issued, the main control unit is an automatic DR device for controlling the charger through the charger modem.
According to claim 1,
and a user unit for receiving user information to participate in the DR procedure of the DR server in advance;
The DR server registers the user information by matching it with the charger,
An automatic DR device in which a charger registered to participate in DR is identified as a control target of the main controller by the user information.
According to claim 1,
When the DR server issues a reduction instruction, information indicating that the power used is reduced by the reduction contract value is registered in advance in the DR server,
When the reduction instruction is issued, the main control unit compares the second power, which is the power used by the charger, with the reduction contract value,
When the second power is less than the reduction contract value, the main control unit stops charging of the charger in synchronization with the timing of issuing the reduction instruction,
When the second power is greater than the reduction contract value, the main control unit reduces the second power supplied from the charger to the electric vehicle by at least the reduction contract value.
According to claim 1,
A first unit including a first load and a first charger and a second unit including a second load and a second charger are dispersedly arranged,
The first unit reduces power consumption by a first reduction contract value when a reduction instruction is issued, and the second unit is registered in the DR server to reduce power consumption by a second reduction contract value when a reduction instruction is issued,
A transfer unit for connecting or disconnecting the first unit and the second unit is operated by the main control unit,
When the DR server issues a reduction instruction, if it is determined that it is difficult for the main control unit to reduce the power consumption of the first unit by the first reduction contract value, the power supplied to the second unit is transferred to the first unit through the transfer unit. An automatic DR device that feeds the unit.
a first step of inputting user information including information about reducing power used by a reduction contract value when a reduction instruction is issued through a user unit;
a second step of registering the user information;
a third step in which the reduction instruction is issued;
a fourth step of obtaining, by the main controller, second power that is power consumption of a charger for charging an electric vehicle and the user information;
a fifth step of the main controller stopping charging of the charger when the second power is less than the reduction contract value; An automatic DR method comprising

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