KR20180039835A - Photovoltaic module, method of manufacturing the photo voltaic modue, photovoltaic array having the photovoltaic module and method of controling the photovoltaic array - Google Patents

Abstract

A photovoltaic module includes a solar cell group which includes a plurality of solar cells connected in series and a bypass diode which includes a first electrode connected to a first end of the solar cell group and a second electrode connected to a second end of the solar cell group. The number of the solar cells in the solar cell group and the number of the bypass diodes are set to minimize the sum of the output loss of the solar cell due to shading and the conduction loss of the bypass diode.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module, a method of manufacturing the same, a solar array including the same, and a method of controlling the same. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photovoltaic (PV) module,

The present invention relates to a solar module, a method of manufacturing the solar module, a solar array including the solar module, and a method of controlling the solar array, and more particularly, A method of manufacturing the solar module, a solar array including the solar module, and a method of controlling the solar array.

In order to obtain the required power generation, the solar power source is composed of solar modules in series and in parallel, and the performance is largely dependent on the solar radiation amount and temperature. Some solar power sources are installed without consideration of the surrounding environment and cause loss of output power due to special circumstances such as shade due to buildings or trees. If a solar cell constituting a solar module is abnormally damaged, the total power generation amount is limited due to the short circuit current of the solar cell, and deterioration phenomenon such as hot spot phenomenon causes the output loss or lifetime of the module Can be shortened.

In addition, when the solar array shadows neighboring high-rise buildings and trees depending on the position of the sun, the output loss of the array may occur. When shading is fixed to the array in such an environment, a solar array having a small power generation time has a large output loss.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to solve the problems of conventional solar modules and solar arrays, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a solar module for improving output efficiency by reducing output loss due to shading.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing the solar module.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a solar array including the solar module.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of controlling the solar array.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell module including a solar cell group including a plurality of solar cells connected in series, a first electrode connected to a first end of the solar cell group, And a second electrode connected to the second end of the solar cell group. The number of the solar cells in the solar cell group and the number of bypass diodes are set to minimize the sum of the output loss of the solar cell due to shading and the conduction loss of the bypass diode.

이고, 상기 수학식 2는

일 수 있다. 여기서,

일 수 있다. In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of solar cells and the number of bypass diodes in the solar cell group are determined by Equations (1) and (2), and Equation (1)

, And Equation (2)

Lt; / RTI > here,

Lt; / RTI >

이고, 상기 바이패스 다이오드 동작에 따른 출력 손실

이며, 여기서,

일 수 있다. In one embodiment of the present invention, the output loss of the solar cell by the shade

, And the output loss due to the bypass diode operation

Lt; / RTI >

Lt; / RTI >

이고, 상기 태양광 모듈의 최대 전류

이며, 상기 태양광 모듈의 최대 전력

일 수 있다. 여기서,

일 수 있다. In one embodiment of the present invention, the maximum voltage of the solar cell

, And the maximum current of the solar module

, And the maximum power of the solar module

Lt; / RTI > here,

Lt; / RTI >

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of fabricating a solar cell module including a plurality of solar cells connected in series, the number of the solar cells in the solar cell group and the number of the bypass diodes Setting the sum of the power loss of the solar cell by the shade and the conduction loss of the bypass diode to be a minimum, forming the solar cell group according to the number of the solar cells and the number of bypass diodes And connecting the first electrode of the bypass diode to the first end of the solar cell group and connecting the second electrode of the bypass diode to the second end of the solar cell group.

이고, 상기 수학식 2는

일 수 있다. 여기서,

일 수 있다. In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of solar cells and the number of bypass diodes in the solar cell group are determined by Equations (1) and (2), and Equation (1)

, And Equation (2)

Lt; / RTI > here,

Lt; / RTI >

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar array including a plurality of solar modules, a plurality of strings extending in a first direction and connecting the solar modules in series, And a plurality of switches formed between the modules for separating the string into a first portion that is shadowed and a second portion that is not shadowed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the solar array may further include a cross wire connected to the neighboring string via the switch.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the crosswire is disposed between neighboring strings and may extend in the first direction.

In one embodiment of the invention, when at least a portion of the photovoltaic modules in the first row and at least a portion of the photovoltaic modules in the second row are shaded, a first A string, a first crosswire neighboring the first string, and a second string coupled to the photovoltaic modules of the second row may form a serial path.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the solar array includes a first switch for separating the first string into a first portion and a second portion, a second switch for connecting the first string to the first crosswire, And a third switch for separating the second string into a first portion and a second portion and connecting the second string to the first crosswire.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first string has a first electrode connected to the first portion of the second string and a second electrode connected to the second portion of the second string, And may further include a blocking diode.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling a solar array including a plurality of solar modules, a plurality of strings extending in a first direction to serially connect the solar modules, And a plurality of switches formed between the solar modules, the method comprising the steps of: determining a shaded area; and controlling the switches so that the shaded first part and the shaded Into a second portion that does not include the first portion.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the shaded area may include a step of forming a shade pattern according to the season and the time based on the previously measured data. The switches can be controlled according to the season and the shading patterns according to time.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the shaded area may include sensing the shaded pattern in the solar array in real time. The switches can be controlled in real time according to the sensed shadow pattern.

According to the photovoltaic module and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention, the combination of the number of solar cells and the number of diodes that minimize the output loss of the solar cell due to shading and the conduction loss of the bypass diode can be calculated. Therefore, the output loss of the solar module due to shading can be minimized.

In addition, according to the solar array including the solar module and the method of controlling the solar array, when the shade is generated, the solar modules of the region where no shading is generated are connected to each other using the wire and the switch, You can change the configuration. Therefore, the output loss of the solar array due to shading can be minimized.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing a solar array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the solar module of FIG.
2B is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the solar module of FIG.
2C is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the solar module of FIG.
2D is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the solar module of FIG.
2E is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the solar module of FIG.
3 is a table showing the loss of output power according to the number of solar cells and the number of bypass diodes in the solar cell group in a shadowed state.
4 is a conceptual diagram showing a case where shading occurs in the solar array of FIG.
Fig. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of changing the circuit configuration of the solar array when shading occurs in the solar array of Fig. 1. Fig.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a connection structure of the second string and the cross wire of Fig. 5; Fig.

For the embodiments of the invention disclosed herein, specific structural and functional descriptions are set forth for the purpose of describing an embodiment of the invention only, and it is to be understood that the embodiments of the invention may be practiced in various forms, The present invention should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described in Figs.

The present invention is capable of various modifications and various forms, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the text. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms may be used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, . On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. Other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprise", "having", and the like are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, , Steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, as a matter of principle.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be construed as meaning consistent with meaning in the context of the relevant art and are not to be construed as ideal or overly formal in meaning unless expressly defined in the present application .

On the other hand, if an embodiment is otherwise feasible, the functions or operations specified in a particular block may occur differently from the order specified in the flowchart. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be performed at substantially the same time, and depending on the associated function or operation, the blocks may be performed backwards.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same constituent elements in the drawings and redundant explanations for the same constituent elements are omitted.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing a solar array according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the solar array SA includes a plurality of solar modules M101 to M312 and a plurality of strings ST1, ST2, and ST3 for connecting the solar modules in series.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the solar array SA may include twelve solar modules connected in series by one string, and the solar array SA may include twelve solar And three strings (ST1, ST2, ST3) for connecting the optical modules in series. The strings ST1, ST2, and ST3 may be connected in parallel with each other.

For example, the first string ST1 may connect the first to twelfth solar modules M101 to M112 of the first row in series. The second string ST2 may connect the first to twelfth solar modules M201 to M212 of the second row in series. The third string ST3 may connect the first to twelfth solar modules M301 to M312 of the third row in series.

In this embodiment, a solar array having 3 rows and 12 columns of solar modules is illustrated, but the number of strings and the number of solar modules do not limit the present invention.

2A is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the solar module of FIG. 2B is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the solar module of FIG. 2C is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the solar module of FIG. 2D is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the solar module of FIG. 2E is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the solar module of FIG.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 2E, the solar array SA includes a plurality of solar modules M101 to M312.

The solar module (for example, M101) may include a plurality of solar cells B01 to B60 and a bypass diode D1. If any one of the serially connected solar cells fails, the output may be lost. The short circuit current Isc of the solar cell in which the abnormality occurs is decreased and the short circuit current of the solar cell in which the abnormality occurs is limited due to the characteristics of the series circuit, In addition, the solar cell in which the abnormality occurs operates as a load, not a power source, and may cause breakage and deterioration of the module due to a hot-spot phenomenon. Therefore, the bypass diode can be connected to the solar cells in order to minimize the power generation loss and reduce the deterioration of the module.

A plurality of solar cells connected in series form one solar cell group. The bypass diode has a first electrode connected to the first end of the solar cell group and a second electrode connected to the second end of the solar cell group.

For example, in FIG. 2A, the solar module M101 includes one solar cell group and one bypass diode D1. The solar cell group includes 60 solar cells connected in series. Such a structure is referred to as a 1 × 60 structure.

For example, in FIG. 2B, the solar module M101 includes two solar cell groups and two bypass diodes D1 and D2. Each of the solar cell groups includes thirty solar cells connected in series. Such a structure is referred to as a 2 × 30 structure.

For example, in FIG. 2C, the solar module M101 includes three solar cell groups and three bypass diodes D1, D2, and D3. Each of the solar cell groups includes 20 solar cells connected in series. Such a structure is called a 3 × 20 structure.

For example, in FIG. 2d, the solar module M101 includes four solar cell groups and four bypass diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4. Each of the solar cell groups includes fifteen solar cells connected in series. Such a structure is called a 4 × 15 structure.

For example, in FIG. 2E, the solar module M101 includes six solar cell groups and six bypass diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, and D6. Each of the solar cell groups includes ten solar cells connected in series. Such a structure is referred to as a 6 × 10 structure.

If the solar module is constructed by connecting a plurality of solar cells in series, the output of the solar module varies greatly depending on the solar radiation amount and the temperature. Therefore, the output of the solar module according to the solar radiation amount and the temperature change can be obtained by using the voltage (VCELL) and the current (Im) of the solar cells of Equations (1) and (2)

[Equation 1]

&Quot; (2) "

&Quot; (3) "

The constants and variables in the equations (1) to (3) are as follows.

The output loss caused by the shadow can be calculated by calculating the output of the solar module in consideration of the environmental conditions as shown in Equations (1) to (3). The output loss of the solar module is constituted by the loss (P _LOSS ) of the solar cell affected by the shadow and the loss (P _D ) generated by conduction of the bypass diode as shown in Equation (4). That is, if the configuration of the solar module is appropriately changed, the configurations of the bypass diode and the solar cell operated by the shade are changed, and the output loss of the module can be reduced.

&Quot; (4) "

&Quot; (5) "

The constants and variables in the equations (4) to (5) are as follows.

Therefore, by using the decrease of the output loss P _LOSS due to the configuration change of the photovoltaic module and the consumption power P _D of the bypass diode, the sum P _LO of the output losses can be expressed by Equations (6) and (7).

&Quot; (6) "

&Quot; (7) "

The constants and the variables of the equations (6) and (7) are as follows.

Equation (6) shows the relationship between the number of solar cells (x) in the solar cell group that minimizes the sum of the loss of the solar cell due to the shading as the first term and the conduction loss of the bypass diode as the second term, (y) is calculated. However, the multiplication of the number of bypass diodes and the number of solar cells in the solar cell group is always constant, as in the constraint of Equation (7). Here, if the number y of the bypass diodes increases, the number of solar cells connected to the diodes decreases and the output loss of the solar cells due to shading decreases. However, as the number of bypass diodes increases, the diode conduction loss increases. Therefore, if the amount of conduction loss caused by the diode operation increases, the total loss of the photovoltaic module is increased as compared with the amount of output loss which is decreased due to an increase in the number of bypass diodes. That is, the optimum configuration of the solar module that minimizes the sum of the output loss of the solar cell and the conduction loss of the bypass diode can be calculated.

3 is a table showing the loss of output power according to the number of solar cells and the number of bypass diodes in a solar cell group in a shadowed state.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, it is possible to analyze the abnormal state of the solar module according to the size of the shade while changing the arrangement of the solar module as illustrated in FIGS. 2A to 2E.

For example, when the area of the shadows is 30%, the output loss is relatively reduced in the 2X30 structure and the 6X10 structure. After the 10 × 6 structure, it was confirmed that the output loss of the module increases again due to the increase of the conduction loss of the bypass diode.

Also, when the shaded area is 60%, the output loss is minimized in the 3 × 20 structure and the 6 × 10 structure, and the output loss of the module is increased again after the 10 × 6 structure.

And the solar module can be manufactured by referring to the same. A method of manufacturing a solar module, comprising the steps of: determining the number of solar cells in the solar cell group including a plurality of solar cells connected in series and the number of the bypass diodes according to the output loss of the solar cell by shading, Forming the solar cell group in accordance with the number of the solar cells and the number of the bypass diodes, and forming the bypass diode in the first stage of the solar cell group, And connecting the second electrode of the bypass diode to the second end of the solar cell group.

According to this embodiment, a combination of the number of solar cells and the number of diodes that minimize the output loss of the solar cell due to shading and the conduction loss of the bypass diode can be calculated. Therefore, the output loss of the solar module due to shading can be minimized.

Fig. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a case where shading occurs in the solar array of Fig. 1. Fig. Fig. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of changing the circuit configuration of the solar array when shading occurs in the solar array of Fig. 1. Fig. Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a connection structure of the second string and the cross wire of Fig. 5; Fig.

1 to 6, the solar array SA includes a plurality of solar modules M101 to M312, a plurality of strings ST1, ST2, and ST3, and a plurality of switches.

FIG. 4 shows a case where shading occurs in a part of the solar array SA. When a shadow of a surrounding high-rise building or a tree covers the solar array SA according to the change of the position of the sun, an output loss occurs in the solar array SA. For example, when a high-rise building partially shadows a specific time zone as shown in FIG. 4, a loss of fixed output occurs at a corresponding time zone. Also, as the area of the shadows generated in the string increases, the overall output of the array decreases.

The amount of output reduction is equal to the number of solar modules affected by the shade, but if a certain number or more of the modules are shaded to reduce the voltage, the corresponding string output voltage may decrease and exceed the minimum operating voltage range of the inverter. In other words, if the module that is affected by shading is out of the minimum operating voltage range of the inverter, the module in half of the array will operate normally, but the inverter will stop and the overall output of the array will become zero, resulting in an output loss .

Referring to FIG. 5, the solar array SA of the present embodiment includes a plurality of solar modules M101 to M312, a plurality of solar modules M101 to M312 extending in a first direction and serially connecting the solar modules M101 to M312 A first portion formed between the plurality of strings ST1, ST2 and ST3 and the solar modules M101 to M312 so that the strings ST1, ST2 and ST3 are shaded, And a plurality of switches for separating into a second part.

The solar array SA may further include a cross wire (CW) connected to the neighboring string through the switch.

The cross wire (CW) is disposed between adjacent strings (e.g., ST1, ST2) and may extend in the first direction.

A first string (ST1) coupled to the solar modules of the first row when at least a portion of the solar modules of the first row and at least a portion of the solar modules of the second row are shaded, The first cross wire CW adjacent to the first row ST1 and the second string ST2 connected to the solar modules of the second row may form a serial path.

In FIG. 5, only the first string ST1 and the second string ST2 are connected to each other for convenience of explanation. However, a second cross wire may be formed between the second string ST2 and the third string And the second string ST2, the second cross wire, and the third string ST3 may form a serial path if necessary.

The solar array SA includes a first switch SW1 for dividing the first string ST1 into a first portion and a second portion, a second switch SW2 for connecting the first string ST1 to the first crosswire CW, A third switch SW2 for connecting the second string SW2 and the second string ST2 to a first portion and a second portion and for connecting the second string ST2 to the first crosswire CW, (ST3).

Referring to FIG. 6, the solar array SA includes a first electrode connected to the first portion of the second string ST2 and a second electrode connected to the second portion ST2 of the second string And a blocking diode (BD) connected in parallel with the third switch (SW3).

For example, the third switch SW3 may be controlled to connect the first node N1 to the second node N2 when the shading does not occur. At this time, the second string ST2 is not separated.

For example, the third switch SW3 may be controlled to connect the first node N1 to the third node N3 when a shadow boundary is formed between the M206 module and the M207 module. At this time, the second string ST2 may be divided into a first portion where shading occurs and a second portion where no shading occurs.

In FIG. 5, one switch formed between the M107 module and the M108 module in the first string ST1 is shown, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the first string ST1, the switch may be formed between all of the modules so as to separate a module in which shading occurs and a module in which no shading occurs. Alternatively, the switch may be formed in a part of the modules of the first string ST1.

Although FIG. 5 shows one switch formed between the M206 module and the M207 module in the second string ST2, the present invention is not limited thereto. In the second string ST2, the switch may be formed between all the modules so as to separate the module in which the shading occurs and the module in which no shading occurs. Alternatively, the switch may be formed on some of the modules of the second string ST2.

Further, the cross wire (CW) can be flexibly adjusted in length so as to have a length corresponding to the area where the shading occurs. To flexibly implement the length of the crosswire (CW), the crosswire (CW) may comprise a plurality of broken pieces and a switch connecting the pieces.

And the solar array can be controlled with reference to this. A method of manufacturing a solar array includes the steps of determining a shadowed region in the solar array and controlling the switches to divide the string into a first portion in which the shadow is generated and a second portion in which the shadow is not generated Step < / RTI >

The step of determining the shaded area may include a step of forming a shaded pattern according to the season and the time based on the previously measured data. At this time, the switches can be controlled according to the season and the shading patterns according to time.

Alternatively, determining the shaded area may include sensing the shaded pattern in the solar array in real time. The switches may be controlled in real time according to the sensed shadow pattern.

An example of a procedure for minimizing the loss of power generation due to shading occurring in a specific time zone may be as follows.

[Step 1] Measure the area and shade of shadows generated in the solar array according to the surrounding environment (buildings, trees, etc.) in which the solar array is installed and the season.

[Step 2] Analyze the data measured in [Step 1], calculate the time zone where the output power loss of the solar power source is large, and the area where the shadow occurs, and show the circuit structure with the highest efficiency.

[Step 3] When shading occurs based on the circuit configuration calculated in [Step 2], the circuit configuration can be changed as shown in FIG. 5 by using the crosswire CW and the switches SW1, SW2, and SW3. The circuit change of the array can constitute a string circuit such that a crosswire (CW) is connected between two strings (ST1, ST2) out of the string in which the shade is generated so that the non-shaded part operates normally. In addition, the switch SW3 of FIG. 6 and the blocking diode BD may be connected to separate the module in which the shade is not generated and the module in which the shade is generated.

[Step 4] If the input voltage of the solar inverter is measured and the inverter is out of the operating range, the circuit change as shown in [Step 3] can be attempted.

According to the present embodiment, when shading occurs, the circuit configuration can be changed so that the solar modules in the regions where no shading occurs are connected to each other by using wires and switches. Therefore, the output loss of the solar array due to shading can be minimized.

The present invention can be applied to any device including a solar cell, a solar module, and a solar array.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims. It will be understood.

SA: solar array M101 to M312: solar module
ST1 to ST3: strings B01 to B60: solar cell
D1 to D6: Bypass diodes SW1 to SW3:
CW: Crosswire BD: Blocking diode

Claims (15)

A solar cell group including a plurality of solar cells connected in series; And
A bypass diode including a first electrode connected to a first end of the solar cell group and a second electrode connected to a second end of the solar cell group,
Wherein the number of the solar cells in the solar cell group and the number of the bypass diodes are set to minimize the sum of the output loss of the solar cell due to shading and the conduction loss of the bypass diode. . 2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the number of the solar cells and the number of bypass diodes in the solar cell group are determined by Equations (1) and (2)
Equation (1)

ego,
Equation (2)

Lt;

. ≪ / RTI > 3. The solar cell according to claim 2, wherein an output loss

ego,
The output loss due to the bypass diode operation

Lt;

. ≪ / RTI > 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the maximum voltage of the solar cell

ego,
The maximum current of the solar module

Lt;
The maximum power of the solar module

ego,

. ≪ / RTI > The number of the solar cells in the solar cell group including a plurality of solar cells connected in series and the number of the bypass diodes are set to a minimum value by reducing the sum of the output loss of the solar cell by the shade and the conduction loss of the bypass diode ;
Forming the solar cell group according to the number of the solar cells and the number of the bypass diodes; And
Connecting the first electrode of the bypass diode to the first end of the solar cell group and connecting the second electrode of the bypass diode to the second end of the solar cell group, Way. 6. The solar cell module according to claim 5, wherein the number of the solar cells and the number of bypass diodes in the solar cell group are determined by Equations (1) and (2)
Equation (1)

ego,
Equation (2)

Lt;

The method comprising the steps of: A plurality of solar modules;
A plurality of strings extending in a first direction and connecting the solar modules in series; And
And a plurality of switches formed between the photovoltaic modules, the plurality of switches separating the string into a shaded first portion and a non-shaded second portion. 8. The photovoltaic array of claim 7, further comprising a crosswire connected to the neighboring string through the switch. The photovoltaic array of claim 8, wherein the crosswire is disposed between neighboring strings and extends in the first direction. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein when at least a portion of the photovoltaic modules in the first row and at least a portion of the photovoltaic modules in the second row are shadowed,
A first string connected to the solar modules of the first row, a first crossing wire neighboring the first string and a second string connected to the solar modules of the second row form a serial path A solar array characterized by. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising: a first switch for dividing the first string into a first portion and a second portion;
A second switch connecting the first string to the first crosswire; And
Further comprising a third switch for dividing the second string into a first portion and a second portion and connecting the second string to the first crosswire. 12. The device of claim 11, further comprising: a blocking diode having a first electrode coupled to a first portion of the second string and a second electrode coupled to a second portion of the second string, the blocking diode coupled in parallel with the third switch ≪ / RTI > 1. A solar array comprising a plurality of solar modules, a plurality of strings extending in a first direction to connect the solar modules in series, and a plurality of switches formed between the solar modules,
Determining an area where the shading occurs; And
And controlling said switches to divide said string into a first portion in which said shadow is generated and a second portion in which said shadow does not occur. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein determining the shadowed region comprises:
And forming a shading pattern in accordance with the season and the time based on the previously measured data,
Wherein the switches are controlled according to the season and the shading patterns according to time. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein determining the shadowed region comprises:
Sensing the shadow pattern in the solar array in real time,
Wherein the switches are controlled in real time according to the sensed shadow pattern.

Images