KR20170011768A - Simulation method for optimization of truck-loader haulage system in open-pit and underground mine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a simulation technique applicable to a loader haulage system in an open-pit and an underground mine. According to the present invention, to solve a problem of a loader-haulage system of a prior technology wherein it has been possible to perform simulation only as to an open-pit having a two-lane road and it has been impossible to simulate a loader-haulage system in the underground mine where almost all haulage roads are constituted with a one-lane road, the simulation method is configured to suggest an optimum loader-haulage system operation method considering all of productivity and profitability by being configured to simulate the loader-haulage in the open-pit and the underground mine having the one-lane road and the two-lane road. Thus, the simulation method can determine the number and capability of loading or haulage equipment which will be injected to the system using information such as equipment specification, working time, profit and cost, and operation condition of the mine. By the same, the simulation method can perform efficient operation and management while understanding the haulage system of the complex mine more easily.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a simulation method for optimizing an open-pit and underground mine truck-

The present invention relates to simulation techniques and programs applicable to open-pit and underground mine loading-and-carrying systems and, more particularly, to a method and program for simulating and analyzing complex mine pit systems that can more easily understand and provide information necessary for efficient operation and management In order to ensure that the performance and number of loading or transporting equipment to be loaded into the system can be determined appropriately using data such as specifications of the equipment, the time required for the operation, the profit and expense, and the operating conditions of the mine, The present invention relates to a simulation method for optimization of a mining truck-loader transportation system.

Further, in order to more easily understand the complex mine transportation system as described above, and to provide information necessary for efficient operation and management, the present invention can simulate only an open-air mine composed of two-lane roads, In order to solve the problems of the prior art load-carrying system simulation technique in which simulation of a load-carrying system of an underground mine made of a one-lane road is impossible, there is a problem that load- A simulation method for optimization of open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system, which is designed to simulate both the transport system and the transportation system, will be.

In recent years, high-grade ore deposits near the surface have been mined and depleted, and the mining industry is putting highly mechanized mass-production equipment into the mine to efficiently mined remaining low-grade deposits.

In other words, the mining process is becoming more complicated than the past due to the enlargement and mechanization of the mine. Therefore, in order to increase the profit of the mine, to improve the productivity and to understand the mining process, the production of mine composed of drilling, blasting, The importance of effectively planning and managing processes using simulation techniques is increasing.

In recent years, the transportation route has become longer and the fuel consumption has increased due to the deepening of the mine. Therefore, the cost for the transportation system is gradually increasing. Accordingly, the ore and waste transportation system It is very important to design more efficiently and to properly determine the performance and number of load or transport equipment to be put into the system.

Here, as an example of the prior art for designing an efficient transportation system through the simulation as described above, according to Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1154345, for example, a construction equipment A construction equipment agent unit for creating and controlling a construction equipment object corresponding to the construction equipment object; A construction material agent unit for creating a loading station object corresponding to the material loaded in each loading station and managing the remaining amount of the material loaded in each loading station object changed according to the execution of the simulation; A road lane agent unit for generating a lane object corresponding to a lane from each of the lane marker objects to the lane marker object according to a parameter received from a user and generating a traffic light object installed in each of the lane objects and blinking at regular intervals; A vehicle agent unit for generating a vehicle object running on the lane object and implementing a behavior behavior of the vehicle object by interacting with objects generated by other agent units based on parameters set by the user; And a simulation execution unit that receives parameters for simulation from a user and manages the operation of each agent unit to perform a simulation. In order to manage a construction project, the construction execution unit for managing construction resources (equipment, materials, manpower, etc.) The contents of the technical contents of the multi-agent based construction equipment input support system to support the establishment of the optimal process plan by reproducing and evaluating the flow on the computer before actual construction work have been presented.

As another example of the prior art for designing an efficient transportation system through simulation as described above, according to Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1119929, for example, workplace information and operational design information of an automatic transportation vehicle A user interface unit for inputting; A simulation engine unit for determining the flow path of the workplace based on the workplace information and modeling and simulating the operation of the automatic car on the basis of the work flow path and the operation design information, The AGV system can be verified easily, and the accuracy of the system can be improved.

As another example of the prior art for designing an efficient transportation system through simulation as described above, according to Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2015-0026994, for example, (a) Determining; (b) loading the goods receipt request tray in the goods issue list into the crane according to the loading priority order; (c) loading the crane with the tray loaded in the crane in the crane when the shipment request for another tray capable of shipment at the same time is within the delivery waiting time limit; And (d) moving the trays stacked in the step (b) or (c), and a technique for optimizing the tray using the optimization method.

Further, as another example of the prior art for designing an efficient transportation system through simulation as described above, for example, Korean Patent Registration No. 110-0580125 discloses a mathematical / statistical simulation model for the construction process A process modeling step of constructing a graphic model, a process modeling step of constructing a model, a result of each case of the constructed model, a step of analyzing the result to obtain desired data, a graphic modeling step of generating a graphic object through a visualization program, A step of visualizing the movement of the graphic object by using the data as an input value of the script to visually check the construction process so as to optimize the construction equipment combination, Establishment of equipment operation plan, Setting Ltd. has been suggested a technology information on the process / integrated graphics associated simulation methods for construction that includes a graphical simulation process is configured to operate as efficiently by eliminating that uncertainty.

As described above, various technical contents have been proposed in the past, but the above-mentioned methods of the prior art have the following problems.

More specifically, the transport of ores or waste stones from the mines is mainly carried out by trucks, conveyors, rails, shuttle cars, load haulage dump (LHD) and skip, and in particular, It is widely used in open-air and underground mine transportation systems because it has advantages such as high flexibility in path, fast transportation speed and high productivity.

Here, a number of simulation techniques for increasing the productivity of an open-pit mine transportation system composed of various combinations of showbale and truck have been proposed. However, in the case of an underground mine having a more complicated work environment and a transportation system, Since only a simple type of simulation consisting of a single loading point can be carried out, there is a limitation that can not reflect the characteristic of the carrying system of the actual study area composed of a plurality of loading points.

That is, in general, the optimization simulation technique of the mine loading-and-conveying system according to the prior art has a limitation in that simulation can be performed only on a large-scale openwork mine that is mostly composed of two-lane roads, There is a problem that the load-carrying system of an underground mine made of a one-lane road can not be simulated.

Therefore, as described above, it is possible to simulate only a large-scale open-air mine with two-lane roads, and to optimize the mine loading-conveying system of the prior art that can not simulate the underground mine loading- In order to solve the problems of the simulation techniques, it is necessary to understand clearly the characteristics of the load-carrying system, which has a great influence on the profitability and productivity of the mine, and to determine the number and performance of the equipment put into the system, It is preferable to present a new configuration simulation technique that is configured to perform optimization for a load-carrying system of open-air and underground mines composed of two-lane roads and two-lane roads, but a device or a method that satisfies all such requirements is not yet provided It is a fact that I can not.

[Prior Art Literature]

1. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1154345 (Jun. 1, 2012)

2. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1119929 (Feb. 17, 2012)

3. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0026994 (Feb.

4. Korean Patent Registration No. 110-0580125 (2006.05.09.)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an underground mine which can be simulated only for an open-pit mine constructed by a two-lane road, In order to solve the problems of the prior art load-carrying system simulation technique in which the simulation of the transportation system is impossible, it is possible to simulate both the loading and unloading system of open and underground mines with one-lane and two-lane roads And to provide a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system configured to provide an optimal load-carrying system operation plan considering both productivity and profitability.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for simulating the loading and unloading systems of open and underground mines with one-lane and two-lane roads as described above, thereby optimizing the load-carrying system It is possible to appropriately determine the performance and number of loading or transporting equipment to be put into the system by using data such as equipment specification, time required for operation, profit and cost, operating condition of mine, etc. , Thereby providing a simulation method for optimization of open and underground mine truck-loader haulage systems that are more easily understood and efficiently operated and managed for complex mine haulage systems.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, it is possible to simulate an open-pit mine composed of two-lane roads and to simulate a load-carrying system of an underground mine having a single-lane road, In order to solve the problems of the loading-transportation system simulation technique, it is possible to simulate both the loading and unloading systems of the open-air and the underground mine of the one-lane and two-lane roads and optimize the load-carrying system considering productivity and profitability A simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system configured to execute a process through a computer or dedicated hardware so as to be able to present a solution, Parameters) and simulation time Input step of inputting the setting of the detailed condition to; A simulation step of performing a simulation on the load-carrying system based on the information inputted in the input step; An output step of outputting a simulation result obtained through the simulation step; And an optimization step of performing optimization of the load-carrying transportation system based on information provided in the output step, wherein a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system is provided .

Here, the input step may include, as input data, an argument value for performing a simulation including a number of equipment to be input, a simulation period, a day work time, an initial dispatch time interval of the truck, A time-related factor value, an operation cost of each equipment, and a selling price of ore.

In addition, the simulation step may include discrete events including loading, moving, dropping, and waiting of equipment loaded in a mine load-carrying system using the following equation: truck cycle time .

TCT = SLT + LT + TL + STD + DT + TE + AD

(LTT) is the truck cycle time, STL (spotting time at the loader) is the truck's access time to the loading equipment, LT (loading time) is the loading time of the ore, TL is the travel time of loaded truck ), The time for the truck (or the actual car) loaded with the ore to move to the crushing area, STD (spotting time at dumping area) for the truck's access to the crusher, DT for the dumping time, time of empty truck is the time that the truck (tolerance) that has finished delivering the ore is moving back to the loading point, and AD (average delay time) is the waiting time that occurs when the truck loads or transports the ore , The AD includes the time the truck has to wait in the waiting queue or the crushing area to wait and wait to yield the opposite truck in the conveying tunnel)

In addition, the simulation step may include: a dispensing step of injecting trucks in a fixed truck dispatching mode according to an initial dispatch time interval of the trucks set by the user; Wherein each of the trucks loaded in the placing step moves from the crusher to the intersection via the shaft and calculates a travel time (TE), and when each of the trucks moves from the shaft to the intersection, A tolerance shifting step of adding a delay time (waiting time) AD for making concession when there is a truck coming in opposite (actual vehicle); Calculating a travel time (TE) by moving each of the trucks from the intersection to respective loading points, calculating a delay time (waiting time) for concession when there is an actual vehicle in a section between each of the loading points and the intersection, (STL) is determined by determining whether the loader is available when each of the trucks arrives at the loading point, and if the loader can access the loader, And a loading time (LT), wherein when the loader is performing the loading operation of another truck, waiting for a truck arriving late until the loading operation is finished, and adding a delay time (AD); The moving time (TL) is calculated by moving the truck loaded with the ore through the loading step to the crushing field along the conveying tunnel and the conveying road, and when the truck carrying the ore arrives at the perimeter, An actual vehicle moving step of adding a time AD for the vehicle; When the truck loaded with the ore arrives at the crushing area, it is determined whether or not the crusher can be used. If the crusher is available, the loading operation is performed so that the waiting time AD, the approach time STD and the dumping time DT (ST) and a dumping time (DT), respectively, when the crusher is not in use, moving the truck to a yard and making the ore obscure, and calculating a waiting time (AD), an approaching time (STD) and a dumping time (DT); And a determination step of, if the simulation time set by the user is not exceeded, moving the truck, which has been subjected to the dropping operation, to the loading point again through the dropping step and terminating the simulation if the simulation time set by the user is exceeded And a control unit.

Here, in the simulation step, the simulation algorithms corresponding to the respective loading points are arranged in a parallel manner, and the simulations are respectively performed in a parallel structure for each of the loading points, so that the field conditions of the mine to be simulated are considered So that the user can set the number of loading points according to the site conditions.

Further, the output step may include, as output data, information including the number of concessions of the truck in the conveying tunnel, the utilization rate of the equipment, the queue length of the truck in each equipment, the average waiting time, the average number of conveyances per day, Is provided.

Also, the optimizing step is configured to perform processing for establishing an optimal load-carrying system operation plan considering productivity and profitability by determining an optimum equipment input amount based on the information provided in the output step do.

In addition, the method is configured to be implemented in the form of a computer-executable program using a GPSS / H simulation language.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable recording medium on which a program is recorded that is implemented to cause a computer to execute a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system described above.

In addition, according to the present invention, by using a simulation method for optimization of the open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system described above, an optimum equipment input amount considering the productivity and profitability according to the field conditions, And an underground mine truck-loader haulage system.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to simulate both loading and unloading systems of an open-air and an underground mine with one-lane and two-lane roads, thereby suggesting an optimum loading-carrying system operation method considering both productivity and profitability A simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system is provided so that the system can be loaded into the system using data such as specifications of equipment, time required for operation, profit and cost, The performance and number of the loading or transporting equipment can be determined appropriately, thereby making it easier to understand and efficiently manage and manage the complex mine transportation system.

In addition, according to the present invention, as described above, it is possible to simulate both the loading and unloading system of the open-air and the underground mine having the one-lane and two-lane roads, By providing a simulation method for optimization of open-air and underground mine truck-loader transport systems that can be presented, it is possible to simulate open-channel mines composed of two-lane roads, The simulation for the load-carrying system can solve the problems of the prior art load-carrying system simulation technique which has an impossible limit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a mine loading-conveying system comprising a two-lane road;
2 is a view schematically showing the configuration of a mine load-carrying system constituted by a single-lane road.
FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a general concept of a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an overall processing algorithm of a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, Together with a portion of the text file in ASCII format.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of a program developed using a GPSS / H simulation language, which is called through a Window 32 console together with a GPSS / H simulation engine.
FIG. 7 is a table showing simulation factor values set in accordance with the field conditions in order to verify the performance of a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a table showing the results of simulation performed in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention, reflecting the field conditions.
9 is a table summarizing the results obtained by actual measurement at a research site.
FIG. 10 is a table summarizing the results of simulation performed to reflect the field conditions according to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to optimize the number of trucks to meet the target production amount.
FIG. 11 is a table summarizing simulation results obtained by increasing the performance of the crusher from 400 tons (200 tons × 2) to 500 tons (250 tons × 2) in order to reduce the crusher usage rate.
12 is a diagram schematically illustrating the overall configuration of a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a specific embodiment of a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to the present invention will be described.

Hereinafter, it is to be noted that the following description is only an embodiment for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the contents of the embodiments described below.

In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, parts that are the same as or similar to those of the prior art, or which can be easily understood and practiced by a person skilled in the art, It is important to bear in mind that we omit.

That is, according to the present invention, as described later, it is impossible to simulate a loading-transportation system of an underground mine, in which simulations can be performed only on an open-air mine composed of two-lane roads and most of the transportation routes are single- , Which is composed of one lane and two lane roads, is designed to simulate both loading and unloading systems of underground and underground mines, so as to solve the problems of loading - transportation system simulation technique. The present invention relates to a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system configured to provide an operational plan.

In addition, the present invention is configured to simulate the loading and unloading systems of open and underground mines of one-lane and two-lane roads, as described later, so as to optimize the operation of the load-carrying system considering both productivity and profitability The performance and number of loading or transporting equipment to be loaded into the system can be appropriately determined by using data such as equipment specification, time required for operation, profit and cost, operating conditions of the mine, etc. To a simulation method for optimizing open and underground mine truck-loader haulage systems that are configured to more easily understand and efficiently operate and manage complex mine haulage systems.

Next, the details of the simulation method for optimizing the open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a mine load-carrying system having a two-lane road.

That is, as shown in Fig. 1, a mine load-carrying system with a two-lane road has a loading point and a dumping point located in the mining site, and therefore the loading-carrying system considered in the existing simulation technique, And the dumping point, and that the trucks do not encounter each other during the hauling operation.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a loading and unloading system for a mine made of a single-lane road.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a mine load-carrying system with a single-lane road is characterized in that a loading point and a dumping point are located in the mine site, and the existing simulation technique for the mine made up of the two- Trucks can not be bi-directional on a single-lane road, unlike the load-and-carry system considered in. In this case, when trucks meet within a section, one truck must stop and yield. In the load-carrying system, as shown in Fig. 2, a separate space is provided for making concessions to opposite trucks.

Therefore, as described above, in the loading and unloading system of a mine having a single-lane road, it is impossible to bidirectionally travel the trucks. Therefore, it is necessary to perform simulation in consideration of the case where the trucks are encountered in the section, There is a limitation in that it is impossible to carry out the simulation of the loading and transportation system of the mine having the single-lane road, because the trucks are allowed to pass bidirectionally so that they are not confronted with each other during the transportation operation.

Accordingly, the present invention solves the problems of the above-described prior art mine load-carrying system simulation techniques, and provides a new simulation capable of simulating both the open-air and underground mine loading-and-carrying systems of one- and two- Method.

Next, the details of a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Referring first to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a general concept of a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a method for optimizing a truck-loader transportation system using a GPSS / H simulation language, (Simulation parameters) for simulations such as the number and performance of the equipment to be input, the simulation period, the daily operation time, etc., the truck dispatch time interval, the tolerance, and the actual vehicle Simulation is performed by inputting time related factor values such as travel time, loading and dumping time, and then outputting simulation results such as truck queue length, average waiting time, average number of carries per day, And the like.

More particularly, with reference to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overall processing algorithm of a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the simulation algorithm of the simulation method for optimizing the open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the loading, , And atmospheric conditions, which can be expressed as Equation (1) below using the truck cycle time theory.

[Equation 1]

TCT = SLT + LT + TL + STD + DT + TE + AD

In this case, the truck cycle time (TCT) is the truck circulation time, the spotting time at the loader (STL) is the truck access time to the loading equipment, the loading time is the loading time of the ore, travel time of loaded truck (TL) (Dt) is the time required for the truck to move to the crushing field, STD (spotting time at dumping area) is the truck's approach time to the crusher, DT (dumping time) of empty truck means the time when the truck (tolerance) that has finished delivering ore is moved back to the loading point, and AD (average delay time) means the waiting time that occurs when the truck loads or transports the ore.

AD also includes the time the truck has to wait in the queue at the loading or breaking site, and the time to wait to yield the truck coming in from the cargo mine.

In addition, in the simulation algorithm shown in FIG. 4, in order to allow the user to set the number of loading points according to the site conditions in consideration of the site conditions of the mine to be simulated, as shown in FIG. 4, Are arranged in parallel.

More specifically, when the simulation is started, the trucks are driven in a fixed truck dispatching mode according to the initial dispatch time interval of the trucks set by the user, the trucks loaded into the system are moved from the shredder to the shaft, (TE) again to the intersection.

Here, when the trucks move from the shaft to the intersection, if the actual vehicle exists in the section between the intersection and the shaft, additional time (waiting time) to yield the truck occurs, that is, AD may occur.

Also, when the trucks move from the intersection to each loading point, if there is a real difference between the loading point and the intersection, TE and AD will occur at the same time.

When the truck arrives at the loading point, the truck judges whether or not the loader is usable. If the truck can access the loader, the truck approaches the loader for loading and performs the loading operation. At this time, do.

If the loader is loading other trucks, late arriving trucks must wait in the queue until the loading operation is complete, and then AD will be generated.

Furthermore, trucks loaded with ores are moved to the crushing field along the conveying tunnel and the conveying road (TL), and when the truck carrying the ore arrives at the perimeter, there is a separate time for weighing the ore (AD) .

If the crusher is not available, the truck will move to the yard. If the crusher is not available, the truck will move to the yard, (AD, STD, DT).

As described above, the truck that has completed the dropping operation checks the simulation time set by the user in executing the simulation, and determines whether to move to the loading point again or to end the simulation.

The processing algorithm as described above may also be implemented as dedicated hardware configured to perform a series of processing steps as shown in FIG. 4, but preferably a series of processing steps as shown in FIG. In the form of a program executable on a computer.

To this end, an embodiment of the present invention implements a program configured to cause a computer to execute a series of processing steps as shown in FIG. 4 using a GPSS / H simulation language.

In other words, the GPSS / H simulation language provides a powerful simulation environment as one of the specialized simulation languages and is used in various industrial fields such as transportation, logistics, and mining.

In addition, GPSS / H is easy to comprehend the logic of the program, and can develop a simulation program through a text editing program such as a notepad. Therefore, it can be written quickly and concisely. Compared with Fortran which is a procedural programming language, Time, ease of program modification, program code length, and the like.

In addition, the GPSS / H commands are written in ASCII format text file together with the parameters composing the simulation algorithm. The simulation results can be output to the PC screen through 'Window 32 console' Can be stored.

5 and 6, FIG. 5 illustrates a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In which the GPSS / H commands and functions are shown in ASCII format together with the parameter values necessary for performing the simulation.

6, a program developed using a GPSS / H simulation language is called through a Window 32 console together with a GPSS / H simulation engine, and is simulated.

Therefore, by performing the simulation through the series of processing as described above, for example, optimization of the number of trucks arranged for each workplace, optimization of the number of trucks for meeting the target production amount, To optimize the load-carrying system of the mine.

Next, simulation results for optimizing the open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

That is, the present inventors have developed a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is constructed as described above, MDI Donghae Office (129 ° 05 '- 129 ° 07'E, 37 ° 17' - 37 ° 19'N) was selected as the research area and three field surveys were conducted.

More specifically, in August 2014, the on-site delivery system consisted of three loading points (470, 540, 590 gangs), one crushing area (two 200 tph crushers), a yard, At each loading point, 4 trucks (470 gang), 6 trucks (540 trucks) and 4 trucks (590 trucks) were loaded and transported by fixed dispatching method.

Also, in the yard, the loader was loading or transporting the ore placed in the yard to the crusher, and the conveying tunnel leading from the shaft of the study area to each loading point was very narrow due to the nature of the underground mine, A space is provided at regular intervals.

In other words, in the case of a tolerance for returning to the loading point after dumping of ore is completed, if the ore is loaded in the tunnel and the actual car facing the crushing field is encountered, the vehicle will stop in this space and give way to the opponent truck. Lt; / RTI >

In addition, for the case study in the study area, the factors necessary for the simulation were investigated through field survey, and the time required for each unit work constituting the simulation algorithm was measured using a stopwatch.

Each unit of work performed up to 20 repetitive measurements, and it is summarized in the form of mean ± standard deviation. The factors related to the economic analysis and the values related to the equipment specifications are provided by Daesung MDI and MKE and KIGAM 2011) based on the analysis of the technology information of Daesung MDI Co., Ltd. of Donghae mine of KORES (2011).

Further, in the above simulation algorithm, the following additional conditions are assumed so as to more accurately reflect the field conditions.

- Only one truck can be loaded at a time at the loading point, and two trucks can be loaded at a time in the crushing field (Crusher 2).

- Trucks loaded into the system have the same performance and the weight of the ore carried at the time of loading and transport is assumed to be measured after dumping the ore.

- When the tolerance moves to the loading point, the section from the shaft to the shaft is a two-lane road, and the section from the shaft to the loading point is a single-lane road (reflecting the site conditions).

- On a lane road, trucks can not cross one point at the same time.

- The weight of the ore that can be carried per truck (Tons) follows a normal distribution with an average of 25 and a standard deviation of 5. Only the ores that have been dumped in the shredder or yard in the simulation algorithm are added to the production.

- The limit capacity of the yard is 5,000 tons. When the ore dumped in the yard exceeds 200 tons, the loader is dumped into the crusher by the loader located in the yard. At this time, the light intensity of the loader is 8 Distribution.

Here, in order to reduce the transportation cost, which is a large part of the mining cost, the arrangement plan of the elements constituting the transportation system and the number and performance of the equipment to be put into the system should be appropriately harmonized.

In the present invention, a simulation method that optimizes the performance and the number of equipment to be inputted into the system is proposed through simulation reflecting the field conditions in the research area.

7, in order to verify the performance of the simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, a simulation parameter value As shown in FIG.

Next, a description will be given of a result of optimizing the number of trucks arranged for each workplace through the simulation reflecting the field conditions as described above.

That is, the present inventors conducted a simulation using the simulation algorithm and the field survey data according to the embodiment of the present invention in order to examine the characteristics of the system depending on the number of trucks loaded in the truck-loader transportation system in the research area.

More specifically, the simulation period is set to 1,000 days based on 8 hours and 30 minutes of work per day, reflecting the working conditions of the site. The interval of the trucks dispatched to the system is set to 3 minutes. When the simulation starts, And trucks were sequentially loaded into the truck.

This is to prevent excessive queuing and latency generated by trucks at the beginning of the simulation, reflecting actual operating conditions at the site.

In addition, the number of loaders to be loaded into the system is one for each loading point (470, 540, and 590 gang), one loader for loading-carrying work between the yard and the crushing area, The same applies to the situation in the field. Trucks can be loaded from 0 to 14 trucks at each loading point, and the total number of trucks can not exceed 14 trucks.

A total of 120 simulations were performed with different number of trucks at each loading point as described above, where 120 times is the number of all possible combinations considering the number of trucks presented in the simulation condition .

In addition, the simulation results are arranged based on the average production amount per day, and some of the results are tabulated.

That is, referring to FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a table summarizing the results of simulations performed to reflect the field conditions as described above, in order to optimize the number of trucks arranged by work site.

As shown in FIG. 8, the simulation results show that loading 4 trucks (470 gangs), 9 trucks (540 trucks), and 1 truckload (590 trucks) ton / day). However, in this case, since the utilization rate of 540 gang loader and crusher exceeds 70%, consideration should be given to work to be performed other than loading or crushing (workshop maintenance, equipment movement, etc.) It would be difficult to apply this result in the field.

Therefore, it is reasonable to put 4 trucks (470 gangs), 7 trucks (540 gangs), and 3 trucks (590 gangs) into each loading point by limiting the applicable utilization rate of the applicable equipment to 70% To produce 3,588 tons of ore.

In other words, the simulation results show that the higher the number of trucks inserted into the nearest loading point (540 gang), the higher the output. On the other hand, the smaller the number of trucks, the lower the output of ore. The equipment utilization rate at the loading point and the waiting time of the truck are also high.

9, FIG. 9 is a table summarizing the results obtained by actual measurement at a research site.

In the field survey in August 2014, 4 trucks (470 gangs), 6 trucks (540 trucks), and 4 trucks (590 trucks) were loaded into the transportation system at each loading site. The daily production amount and the average waiting time of trucks in the loader at each loading point are as shown in FIG.

In addition, in the actual site, 3,575 tons of ore were produced during 8 hours and 30 minutes of working time per day, which is very similar to the simulation result (3,558 tons) shown in FIG.

In addition, the waiting time of the truck measured at the site loading point was 0.70 min (470 gang), 0.79 min (540 gang) and 0.88 min (590 gang) ) And 0.69 minutes (590 gang), respectively.

Next, the result of optimizing the number of trucks to meet the target production amount through simulation reflecting the field conditions as described above will be described.

Generally, mine production is controlled by changes in ore sales unit price, demand increase or decrease, and so miners must determine the optimum equipment combination and put it into the system.

For this purpose, in the present invention, simulation was performed to find the most suitable equipment combination when the target production amount of the research area was increased to 5,000 tons due to the increase of the demand of ore and the increase of the selling unit price.

More specifically, the simulation period was set to 1,000 days based on 8 hours and 30 minutes of work time per day, and the number of trucks loaded into the transportation system was increased from 15 to 21.

As a result of simulations, it was not possible to meet the target production amount of 5,000 tons when any combination of trucks was put into the transportation system. However, when a total of 21 trucks were put into the system, a total of 253 trucks It is shown that 39 combinations of equipment can satisfy the target production quantity, and 8 trucks (470 gangs), 8 trucks (540 trucks) and 5 trucks (590 trucks) are loaded at each loading point, , The most advantageous in terms of productivity.

However, since the utilization rate of loader or crusher of all combinations satisfying the production amount exceeds 70%, it is considered that the results are somewhat unfavorable to be applied to the actual site, and in actual simulation results, the crusher utilization rate of all combinations exceeds 70% .

That is, referring to FIG. 10, FIG. 10 is a table summarizing the combinations that can satisfy both the production amount and the utilization ratio of the equipment (loader and crusher) when the performance of the crusher is improved.

As shown in FIG. 10, only 14 combinations out of a total of 253 combinations were analyzed to satisfy all the assumptions except for the usage rate of the crusher.

11, FIG. 11 is a table showing the simulation results obtained by increasing the performance of the crusher from 400 tons (200 tons × 2) to 500 tons (250 tons × 2) in order to reduce the crusher usage rate FIG.

More specifically, when the results shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are compared with each other, it is analyzed that the utilization rate of the crusher is reduced by about 10% and can be maintained at 70% or less in the result shown in FIG. , Queue length, production amount, and the like were found to be slightly different from those shown in FIG.

Therefore, if the daily production of ore is increased to 5,000 tons in the study area, it is necessary to add seven 25 ton trucks and increase the crusher processing capacity to 500 tons to meet the requirements of both production volume and equipment utilization. It can be operated.

As described above, as described above. A simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention can be implemented.

That is, referring to FIG. 12, FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

12, a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to an embodiment of the present invention is largely divided into the following steps: inputting parameter values (parameters) necessary for performing simulation; A simulation step S120 for performing a simulation on the load-carrying system based on the information inputted in the input step S110, and a simulation step S120 for performing the simulation on the load- And an optimizing step (S140) for optimizing the transportation system based on the information provided in the output step (S130) and the output step (S130) for outputting the obtained simulation result.

Here, the input step (S110) and the output step (S130), as described above with reference to FIG. 3, first, the input value of the input step (S110) The number of equipment, the simulation period, the daily working time, etc.), the time-related factor values (the time interval of the initial dispatching time of the truck, Etc.) can be input.

The output data of the output step S130 includes the number of concessions of trucks, the utilization rate of equipment, the queue length of trucks in each equipment, the average waiting time, the average number of transportation per day, May be provided.

In addition, the simulation step S120 may include a step of executing a series of processing algorithms as described above with reference to FIG. 4 through a computer. At this time, So that the user can set the number of loading points appropriately according to the field conditions to be simulated.

In addition, the optimizing step S140 may include setting an optimum load-carrying system operation plan considering productivity and profitability by determining an optimal equipment input amount based on the information provided in the output step S130 .

Therefore, a simulation method for optimizing the open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to the present invention can be implemented as described above.

In addition, by implementing the apparatus for measuring torque and thrust force of the azimuth propeller according to the present invention as described above, according to the present invention, both the open-and-underground mine loading- The present invention provides a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system configured to optimize the load-carrying system considering both productivity and profitability, The time and cost of the mine, the operating conditions of the mine, etc., can be used to appropriately determine the performance and number of loading or transporting equipment to be loaded into the system, thereby making it easier to understand the complex mine transportation system And efficient operation and management becomes possible.

In addition, according to the present invention, as described above, it is possible to simulate both the loading and unloading system of the open-air and the underground mine having the one-lane and two-lane roads, and thus an optimal loading- By providing a simulation method for optimization of open-air and underground mine truck-loader transport systems that can be presented, it is possible to simulate open-channel mines composed of two-lane roads, The simulation for the load-carrying system can solve the problems of the prior art load-carrying system simulation technique which has an impossible limit.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It is a matter of course.

Claims (10)

In order to solve the problems of the prior art load-carrying system simulation technique, which can only simulate open-pit mines composed of two-lane roads and simulate the load-carrying system of underground mines with one-lane roads, And two lane roads, which are designed to simulate both the loading and unloading systems of open- and underground mines, so that the process of optimizing the load-carrying system considering both productivity and profitability can be implemented by computer or dedicated A simulation method for optimization of an open-air and underground mine truck-loader haulage system configured to execute via hardware,
An input step of inputting a setting for a detailed condition including a parameter value and a simulation time required for performing a simulation;
A simulation step of performing a simulation on the load-carrying system based on the information inputted in the input step;
An output step of outputting a simulation result obtained through the simulation step; And
And optimizing the load-carrying transport system based on the information provided in the outputting step. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 11. < / RTI >
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the input step comprises:
As the input data, a factor for executing the simulation including the number of equipment to be input, a simulation period, a day work time,
A time-related factor value including an initial dispatch time interval of a truck, a time required for each unit work, and
And the parameter values for economic analysis including the operation cost of each equipment and the unit price of the ore are respectively inputted to the simulation unit for optimizing the outdoor and underground mine truckloader transportation system.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the simulation step comprises:
Characterized in that discrete events including loading, moving, dropping, and waiting of equipment loaded in a mine loading-carrying system are configured to be expressed by the following equation using the truck cycle time theory: Simulation method for optimization of open - air and underground mining truck - loader haulage systems.

TCT = SLT + LT + TL + STD + DT + TE + AD

(LTT) is the truck cycle time, STL (spotting time at the loader) is the truck's access time to the loading equipment, LT (loading time) is the loading time of the ore, TL is the travel time of loaded truck ), The time for the truck (or the actual car) loaded with the ore to move to the crushing area, STD (spotting time at dumping area) for the truck's approach to the crusher, DT for the dumping time, time of empty truck is the time that the truck (tolerance) that has finished delivering the ore is moving back to the loading point, and AD (average delay time) is the waiting time that occurs when the truck loads or transports the ore , The AD includes the time the truck has to wait in the waiting queue or the crushing area to wait and wait to yield the opposite truck in the conveying tunnel)
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the simulation step comprises:
A dispensing step of injecting trucks in a fixed truck dispatching mode according to the initial dispatch time interval of the trucks set by the user;
Wherein each of the trucks loaded in the placing step moves from the crusher to the intersection via the shaft and calculates a travel time (TE), and when each of the trucks moves from the shaft to the intersection, A tolerance shifting step of adding a delay time (waiting time) AD for making concession when there is a truck coming in opposite (actual vehicle);
Calculating a travel time (TE) by moving each of the trucks from the intersection to respective loading points, calculating a delay time (waiting time) for concession when there is an actual vehicle in a section between each of the loading points and the intersection, (STL) is determined by determining whether the loader is available when each of the trucks arrives at the loading point, and if the loader can access the loader, And a loading time (LT), wherein when the loader is performing the loading operation of another truck, waiting for a truck arriving late until the loading operation is finished, and adding a delay time (AD);
The moving time (TL) is calculated by moving the truck loaded with the ore through the loading step to the crushing field along the conveying tunnel and the conveying road, and when the truck carrying the ore arrives at the perimeter, An actual vehicle moving step of adding a time AD for the vehicle;
When the truck loaded with the ore arrives at the crushing area, it is determined whether or not the crusher can be used. If the crusher is available, the loading operation is performed so that the waiting time AD, the approach time STD and the dumping time DT (ST) and a dumping time (DT), respectively, when the crusher is not in use, moving the truck to a yard and making the ore obscure, and calculating a waiting time (AD), an approaching time (STD) and a dumping time (DT); And
If the simulation time set by the user is not exceeded, moving the truck, which has finished the dropping operation, to the loading point again through the dropping step and terminating the simulation if the simulation time set by the user is exceeded And a simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the simulation step comprises:
The simulation algorithms corresponding to the respective loading points are arranged in a parallel manner, and the simulations are respectively performed in a parallel structure for each of the loading points,
Wherein the number of loading points is set according to the site conditions in consideration of the site conditions of the mine to be simulated. The simulation method for optimizing an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the outputting step comprises:
As output data, the information including the number of concessions of the truck, the utilization rate of the equipment, the queue length of the truck in each equipment, the average waiting time, the average number of times of transportation per day, Simulation method for optimization of open - air and underground mining truck - loader haulage systems.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the optimizing step comprises:
And an optimal load-carrying system operation plan considering the productivity and profitability is determined by determining an optimal equipment input amount based on the information provided in the output step. Simulation method for optimization of loader transportation system.
The method according to claim 1,
The method comprises:
Wherein the simulator is configured to be implemented in the form of a computer-executable program using a GPSS / H simulation language.
A computer-readable recording medium on which is recorded a computer program for implementing a simulation method for optimization of an open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
Utilizing a simulation method for optimizing the open-air and underground mine truck-loader transportation system according to one of claims 1 to 8, it is constituted by the optimum equipment input amount considering the productivity and profitability according to the field conditions As an open-air and underground mine truck-loader haulage system.

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