KR20150059465A - Uninterruptible Power Supply Comprising Control Unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply unit including a control unit and, more particularly, to an uninterruptible power supply unit which is installed in a battery pack composed of two or more battery modules or battery module assemblies. Provided is the uninterruptible power supply unit which includes a battery management system (BMS) for controlling the operation of the battery pack, a charging control unit which prevents overcharging while the battery module or the battery module assembly is charged with commercial power and includes a main relay which blocks power conducted in the battery module or the battery module assembly and a diode which is connected in parallel to the main relay to discharge the power of the battery pack in an outage or an emergency situation, and a discharge control unit which prevents over discharging and includes one or more sub relays which block the electrical connection of the battery module or the battery module assembly.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply (UPS)

The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply apparatus including a control unit, and more particularly to an uninterruptible power supply unit installed in a battery pack having two or more battery modules or battery module assemblies, A main relay capable of shutting off the power supplied to the battery module or the battery module assembly, and a main relay capable of preventing power from being supplied to the battery module or the battery module assembly, A charge control unit having a diode connected in parallel to the main relay so as to discharge the power of the battery pack and a discharge control unit for preventing over discharge. The charge control unit may block the electrical connection between the charge control unit and the battery module or the battery module assembly A discharge control section having one or more sub-relays And an uninterruptible power supply.

BACKGROUND ART [0002] In recent years, rechargeable secondary batteries have been extensively used as an energy source or an auxiliary power device for wireless mobile devices. In addition, the secondary battery is an electric vehicle (EV), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and the like, which are proposed as solutions for air pollution of existing gasoline vehicles and diesel vehicles using fossil fuels (Plug-In HEV) have attracted attention in various fields and products such as power source of vehicle, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), idle reduction, energy storage device and industrial device or household appliance.

Generally, the uninterruptible power supply is a device for supplying power to a server device or a communication device which is always powered. Generally, such an uninterruptible power supply device is provided with a secondary battery, a secondary battery is charged by a power source applied during normal operation, and a system connected to the uninterruptible power supply device by a power source charged in the secondary battery during a power failure or emergency And operates stably.

However, the conventional uninterruptible power supply device includes a rectifier for converting a commercial power source into a direct current, a battery module, and a control unit. The control unit measures a voltage of the battery module, and when the voltage reaches the upper limit voltage, And a relay to close the line.

In addition, even if the charging of the battery module is interrupted by the relay, the discharge line supplying the power stored in the battery module to the uninterruptible power supply unit during the power failure of the commercial power supply line must be live. To this end, in order to configure the discharge line of the battery module in parallel with the relay of the charge control unit, a discharging diode connected in forward bias to discharge direction is installed on the discharge line.

The control unit of the system includes a circuit part of a battery management system (BMS) capable of sensing and controlling the current and voltage of the unit cell and the temperature of the battery system. Accordingly, when a problem such as overcharge, over-discharge, or the like occurs in the unit cell, the unit cell is protected and the safety is secured by blocking the current

However, in the case of such a conventional uninterruptible power supply, as mentioned above, since the diode is installed in parallel to the current cutoff device in order to use the charged power of the secondary battery in the power failure or emergency, The current discharged from the secondary battery can not be blocked even when the current is cut off. Therefore, the secondary battery is completely discharged due to such a problem, and the battery life is deteriorated.

Therefore, there is a great need for a technique that can fundamentally solve the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-described problems of the prior art and the technical problems required from the past.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a charging control unit for preventing overcharging while charging a commercial power supply to a battery module or a battery module assembly, and at least one sub-relay capable of interrupting an electrical connection between the charge control unit and the battery module or the battery module assembly The present invention provides an uninterruptible power supply device that can provide a stable power source during a power failure or an emergency and solve problems such as damage and heat generation of a unit cell due to overcharge, overdischarge, or the like of the battery.

In order to achieve the above object, an uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to the present invention is an uninterruptible power supply apparatus installed in a battery pack comprising two or more battery modules or battery module assemblies,

A BMS (Battery Management System) for controlling the operation of the battery pack;

A charge control unit for preventing overcharging while charging a commercial power source to a battery module or a battery module assembly. The charge control unit includes a main relay that can be energized in the battery module or the battery module assembly, A charge control unit having a diode connected in parallel to the main relay; And

A discharge control unit for preventing overdischarging, comprising: a discharge control unit having at least one sub relay capable of interrupting electrical connection between a charge control unit and a battery module or a battery module assembly;

As shown in FIG.

Accordingly, the uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to the present invention may include a charge control unit for preventing overcharging while charging the commercial power supply to the battery module or the battery module assembly, and a battery control unit for preventing the overcharge of the battery module or the battery module assembly, By providing the discharge control unit having the sub-relays described above, it is possible to provide a stable power source in the case of power failure or emergency, and to solve the problems of damage and heat generation of the unit cell due to overcharge, overdischarge, and the like.

In one specific example, the battery modules may be connected in a parallel manner, and each of the battery module assemblies includes a plurality of battery modules connected in series, and the battery module assemblies are connected in parallel . ≪ / RTI >

This structure allows cells of the same capacity and voltage specification to be connected in parallel to provide capacitance and output that is particularly suited to various devices requiring high power.

Also, the sub relay provided in the discharge control unit may be provided in each of the battery module or the battery module assembly.

Meanwhile, the battery module or the battery module assembly may include at least one battery cell. Specifically, the battery cell may be a prismatic secondary battery or a pouch type secondary battery, Lt; / RTI >

Meanwhile, the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention can control the charge control unit and the discharge control unit according to the control signal of the BMS to prevent damage to the unit cell due to overcharge, overdischarge, etc. In one specific example, The controller may turn off the main relay according to the control signal of the BMS when the voltage of the battery module or the battery module assemblies reaches the upper limit voltage to shut off the power applied to the battery module or the battery module assemblies.

The upper limit voltage may be variously set within a range that does not cause problems such as damage and heat generation of the unit cell depending on the capacity of the battery module. For example, when the battery module or the battery module assembly is used, Is preferably set in the range.

In another specific example, when the voltage of the battery module or the battery module assemblies reaches the lower limit voltage, the discharge control unit turns off the sub relay according to the control signal of the BMS to cut off the power discharged from the battery pack Can be.

Generally, when a secondary battery is connected to a device and a full discharge occurs during use, the voltage may be lowered to 0 V. In this case, the general lead acid battery has a life span and is not reusable. Further, in the case of a lithium secondary battery, when the full discharge state continues for a long time, the performance of the battery may be deteriorated rapidly.

Therefore, the lower limit voltage can be set within a range in which the minimum voltage of the secondary battery can be maintained. For example, the lower limit voltage may be set within a range of 5V or less based on each battery module or the battery module assembly.

Meanwhile, the sub-relay may be structured such that it can be optionally turned off by a manager for repairing, replacing, or additionally mounting the battery module or the battery module assemblies. Due to such a structure, Can be secured.

For reference, a typical lithium secondary battery is composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt.

The positive electrode is prepared, for example, by coating a mixture of a positive electrode active material, a conductive material and a binder on a positive electrode current collector, and then drying the mixture. Optionally, a filler may be further added to the mixture.

The cathode active material may be a layered compound such as lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO ₂ ), lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO ₂ ), or a compound substituted with one or more transition metals; Lithium manganese oxides such as Li _{1 + x} Mn _{2 -x} O ₄ (where x is 0 to 0.33), LiMnO ₃ , LiMn ₂ O ₃ , LiMnO ₂ and the like; Lithium copper oxide (Li ₂ CuO ₂ ); Vanadium oxides such as LiV ₃ O ₈ , LiFe ₃ O ₄ , V ₂ O ₅ and Cu ₂ V ₂ O ₇ ; A Ni-site type lithium nickel oxide expressed by the formula LiNi _1-x M _x O ₂ (where M = Co, Mn, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, B or Ga and x = 0.01 to 0.3); Formula _{LiMn 2-x M x O 2} ( where, M = Co, Ni, Fe , Cr, and Zn, or Ta, x = 0.01 ~ 0.1 Im) or Li ₂ Mn ₃ MO ₈ (where, M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, or Zn); LiMn ₂ O _{4 in} which a part of Li in the formula is substituted with an alkaline earth metal ion; Disulfide compounds; Fe ₂ (MoO ₄ ) ₃ , and the like. However, the present invention is not limited to these.

The conductive material is usually added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture including the cathode active material. Such a conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has electrical conductivity without causing chemical changes in the battery, for example, graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; Carbon black such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and summer black; Conductive fibers such as carbon fiber and metal fiber; Metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder; Conductive whiskey such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives and the like can be used.

The binder is a component which assists in bonding of the active material and the conductive material and bonding to the current collector, and is usually added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture containing the cathode active material. Examples of such binders include polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene , Polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), sulfonated EPDM, styrene butylene rubber, fluorine rubber, various copolymers and the like.

The filler is optionally used as a component for suppressing the expansion of the anode, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a fibrous material without causing a chemical change in the battery. Examples of the filler include olefin polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene; Fibrous materials such as glass fibers and carbon fibers are used.

The negative electrode is manufactured by applying and drying a negative electrode active material on a negative electrode collector, and if necessary, the above-described components may be selectively included.

Examples of the negative electrode active material include carbon such as non-graphitized carbon and graphite carbon; _{Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0≤x≤1} ), Li x WO 2 (0≤x≤1), Sn x Me 1-x Me 'y O z (Me: Mn, Fe, Pb, Ge; Me' : Metal complex oxides such as Al, B, P, Si, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 elements of the periodic table, Halogen, 0 < x < Lithium metal; Lithium alloy; Silicon-based alloys; Tin alloy; _{SnO, SnO 2, PbO, PbO} 2, Pb 2 O 3, Pb 3 O 4, Sb 2 O 3, Sb 2 O 4, Sb 2 O 5, GeO, GeO 2, Bi 2 O 3, Bi 2 O 4, and Bi ₂ O ₅ ; Conductive polymers such as polyacetylene; Li-Co-Ni-based materials and the like can be used.

The separation membrane is interposed between the anode and the cathode, and an insulating thin film having high ion permeability and mechanical strength is used. The pore diameter of the separator is generally 0.01 to 10 mu m and the thickness is generally 5 to 300 mu m. Such separation membranes include, for example, olefinic polymers such as polypropylene, which are chemically resistant and hydrophobic; A sheet or nonwoven fabric made of glass fiber, polyethylene or the like is used. When a solid electrolyte such as a polymer is used as an electrolyte, the solid electrolyte may also serve as a separation membrane.

The non-aqueous electrolyte solution containing a lithium salt is composed of a polar organic electrolyte and a lithium salt. As the electrolytic solution, a non-aqueous liquid electrolytic solution, an organic solid electrolyte, an inorganic solid electrolyte and the like are used.

Examples of the nonaqueous liquid electrolytic solution include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, gamma -Butyrolactone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydroxyfuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, 1,3-dioxolane, formamide, dimethylformamide, dioxolane , Acetonitrile, nitromethane, methyl formate, methyl acetate, triester phosphate, trimethoxymethane, dioxolane derivatives, sulfolane, methylsulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, propylene carbonate Nonionic organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran derivatives, ethers, methyl pyrophosphate, ethyl propionate and the like can be used.

Examples of the organic solid electrolyte include a polymer electrolyte such as a polyethylene derivative, a polyethylene oxide derivative, a polypropylene oxide derivative, a phosphate ester polymer, an agitation lysine, a polyester sulfide, a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinylidene fluoride, Polymers containing ionic dissociation groups, and the like can be used.

Examples of the inorganic solid electrolyte include Li ₃ N, LiI, Li ₅ NI ₂ , Li ₃ N-LiI-LiOH, LiSiO ₄ , LiSiO ₄ -LiI-LiOH, Li ₂ SiS ₃ , Li ₄ SiO ₄ , Nitrides, halides and sulfates of Li such as Li ₄ SiO ₄ -LiI-LiOH and Li ₃ PO ₄ -Li ₂ S-SiS ₂ can be used.

The lithium salt is a material that is readily soluble in the non-aqueous electrolyte, for example, LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4, LiBF 4, LiB 10 Cl 10, LiPF 6, LiCF 3 SO 3, LiCF 3 CO 2, LiAsF _{6, LiSbF 6, LiAlCl 4,} CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2) 2 NLi, chloroborane lithium, lower aliphatic carboxylic acid lithium, lithium tetraphenyl borate and imide have.

For the purpose of improving the charge-discharge characteristics and the flame retardancy, the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte may contain, for example, pyridine, triethylphosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylenediamine, glyme, N-substituted imidazolidine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxyethanol, aluminum trichloride and the like are added It is possible. In some cases, a halogen-containing solvent such as carbon tetrachloride or ethylene trifluoride may be further added to impart nonflammability, or a carbon dioxide gas may be further added to improve high-temperature storage characteristics.

The present invention also provides a battery pack including the uninterruptible power supply, and the device includes the battery pack.

Preferable examples of the device include industrial devices such as electric power sources for vehicles such as electric bicycles (E-bike), electric motorcycles, electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, communication equipment, idle reduction, energy storage devices, , But the present invention is not limited thereto.

The structure of these devices and their fabrication methods are well known in the art, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.

As described above, the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention can prevent electrical connection between the charge control unit and the battery module or the battery module assembly to prevent overcharge during charging the commercial power source to the battery module or the battery module assembly. The present invention provides a stable power supply during a power failure or an emergency, and has the effect of solving the problems of damage and heat generation of the unit cell due to overcharge, overdischarge, and the like.

1 and 2 are block diagrams illustrating an operation of an uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited by the scope of the present invention.

1 and 2 are diagrams schematically illustrating a configuration diagram illustrating an operation of an uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to these drawings, the uninterruptible power supply 100 is installed in a battery pack 200 composed of two or more battery modules (not shown), and includes a BMS (not shown) for controlling the operation of the battery pack 200 And a charge controller 120 connected to the rectifier 10 for converting a commercial power source into a direct current and for preventing overcharging while the commercial power source charges the battery modules with power output from the rectifier have.

The charge control unit 120 includes a main relay 130 that can cut off the electrical connection between the rectifier 10 and the battery module and a main relay 130 that is connected in parallel to the main relay 130 so as to discharge the power of the battery pack 200, And a discharge control unit 150 having one or more sub-relays (not shown) capable of interrupting the electrical connection between the charge control unit 120 and the battery module in order to prevent over discharge, ). ≪ / RTI >

In addition, the sub relay is provided in each of the battery modules, and is structured such that it can be optionally turned off by a manager for repairing, replacing, or installing the battery module.

Hereinafter, the operation of the uninterruptible power supply will be described.

First, when the commercial power source is charged and reaches the upper limit power set on the basis of each battery module, the charge control unit 120 turns off the main relay 130 according to the control signal of the battery module BMS, Thereby preventing the battery module from overcharging. In this case, the diode 140 connected in parallel to the main relay 130 can discharge the power of the battery module during a power failure or an emergency, thereby performing the role as the uninterruptible power supply 100.

Next, when the power of the battery module is discharged in the power failure or emergency and reaches the lower limit power set on the basis of each battery module, the discharge controller 150 turns off the sub relay according to the control signal of the battery module BMS, So that the battery module is prevented from being overdischarged.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (15)

An uninterruptible power supply apparatus installed in a battery pack comprising two or more battery modules or battery module assemblies,
A BMS (Battery Management System) for controlling the operation of the battery pack;
A main relay capable of shutting off power supplied to the battery module or the battery module assembly and a main relay capable of discharging the power of the battery pack even in a power failure or emergency, A charge control unit having a diode connected in parallel to the main relay so as to allow the main relay to be turned on; And
A discharge control unit for preventing overdischarging, comprising: a discharge control unit having at least one sub relay capable of interrupting electrical connection between a charge control unit and a battery module or a battery module assembly;
And an uninterruptible power supply. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the battery modules are connected in parallel. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the battery module assemblies includes a plurality of battery modules connected in series, and the battery module assemblies are connected in parallel. The uninterruptible power supply of claim 1, wherein the sub relay is provided in each of the battery module and the battery module assembly. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the battery module or the battery module assembly includes at least one battery cell. The uninterruptible power supply of claim 5, wherein the battery cell is a prismatic secondary battery or a pouch type secondary battery. The uninterruptible power supply of claim 5, wherein the battery cell is a lithium secondary battery. The charge control unit according to claim 1, wherein when the voltage of the battery module or the battery module assemblies reaches the upper limit voltage, the charge control unit turns off the main relay according to the control signal of the BMS to cut off the power applied to the battery module or the battery module assemblies Wherein said uninterruptible power supply comprises: 9. The uninterruptible power supply of claim 8, wherein the upper limit voltage is set in a range of 40V or more based on each battery module or the battery module assembly. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the discharge control unit turns off the sub relay when the voltage of the battery module or the battery module assemblies reaches the lower limit voltage according to a control signal of the BMS, Uninterruptible power supply. 11. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 10, wherein the lower limit voltage is set in a range of 5 V or less based on each battery module or the battery module assembly. The uninterruptible power supply of claim 1, wherein the sub-relay may be optionally turned off by an administrator for repair, replacement, or additional mounting of the battery module or the battery module assemblies. A battery pack comprising the uninterruptible power supply device according to claim 1. A device comprising a battery pack according to claim 13. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the device is a communications device.

Images