KR20140100409A - Apparatus, in particular a pump apparatus for a large diesel engine, and method of cleaning an apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (1), especially to a pump device for a large diesel engine. The device (1) comprises a scavenging inlet (6); a scavenging line (5); and a closing member (2), wherein the scavenging inlet (6) and the scavenging line (5) are connected to each other. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the closing member (2) is manufactured with a first material, and the first material has a coefficient expansion different from that of a second material which forms the scavenging inlet (6). The closing member (2) is provided at the scavenging inlet (6) in order for the scavenging inlet (6) is closed by the closing member (2) based on the temperature.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus, particularly a pump apparatus for a large-sized diesel engine, and a method for cleaning the apparatus. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0002]

The invention relates to a device, in particular to a pump device for a large diesel engine according to the preamble of independent claim 1, and to a method for cleaning the device according to the preamble of independent claim 14.

Because of the growing need for carbon dioxide emissions, the use of very broad spectrum fuels such as heavy oil (HFO), marine diesel oil (MDO), diesel, gas and palm oil, etc. is becoming more common in large diesel engines do. A problem associated with many fuels is the polymerization which can cause problems in all large diesel engines, especially in pumps, for example injection pumps. Polymerization of the fuel has the consequence that the fuel is deposited in the lines of the pump and the fuel transfer chambers and may cause them to clog. In the worst case, the polymerization has the consequence that the pump no longer injects the correct amount of fuel when, for example, the engine has to be stopped, which can cause considerable damage to the engine. Further, the polymerization of the fuel accelerates deterioration of the pump.

Apparatus, particularly pumps, are known from WO 2012/140316 A1, wherein the scavenging inlet is located in the pump body and the scavenging outlet is located below the scavenging inlet. The scavenging fluid can be fed through the scavenging inlet and guided out by the scavenging outlet. A method is also known from WO 2012/140316 A1, wherein the method provides that the scavenging fluid is guided into the pump in the first step and guided outward again in the next step. In the apparatus and method described, the pump has the disadvantage of being scavenged independently of temperature and type of fuel due to the described configuration.

Accordingly, starting from this prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus and an improved method for cleaning a pump apparatus for an apparatus, in particular a large diesel engine.

This object is fulfilled according to the invention by means of a device having the features of claim 1 and by a method of cleaning devices having the features of claim 14.

The dependent claims relate to particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a pump apparatus for an apparatus, particularly a large diesel engine, wherein the apparatus comprises a scavenging inlet, a scavenging line, and a closing element, the scavenging inlet having flow communication with the scavenging line do. According to the present invention, the closing element is made of a first material, and the first material has a different thermal expansion coefficient from the second material forming the scavenging inlet. The closure element is constructed and arranged at the scavenging inlet so that the scavenging inlet can be closed by the closure element depending on the temperature.

The device, in particular the pump device, may be, for example, a fuel injection pump for a large diesel engine. The apparatus may include, for example, a pump body, a fuel chamber disposed in the pump body, a scavenging supply line, and a fuel supply line. The device may also include, for example, a piston that reciprocates axially and exerts pressure on the fuel. The scavenging inlet and closure elements may be disposed, for example, in the fuel chamber or in the fuel chamber, and / or in the scavenging supply line, and / or in the fuel supply line.

The closure element is made of a first material and the first material has a coefficient of thermal expansion different from that of the second material from which the scavenging inlet is formed. The first material and / or the second material may be selected from the group consisting of, for example, metals, especially cast iron, tungsten or tungsten carbide, ceramic materials, especially silicon carbide or silicon nitride, composites, shape memory alloys, . It is essential for the present invention that the first material has a different thermal expansion coefficient from the second material. The coefficient of thermal expansion should be understood as a parameter that describes the behavior of the material, that is, the thermal expansion, against the dimensional change at the time of temperature change. Therefore, the effect that causes this behavior is thermal expansion depending on the material used. Therefore, this behavior is a material-specific material parameter. In this regard, the thermal expansion may be larger or smaller in one spatial direction, for example axial direction, than in another spatial direction, for example in the radial direction.

The closure element is constructed and arranged at the scavenging inlet so that the scavenging inlet can be closed by the closure element depending on the temperature. The closure element includes a needle, a sealing element, an adjustment element and a stationary element. The closure element can be fixed to the holder by a fixing element, and the closure element can be arranged and arranged by the adjusting element so that the scavenging inlet can be closed. A notch or groove may be formed in the closing element, and the sealing element may be disposed in, for example, a notch or groove. However, the sealing element can also be arranged in the groove of the holder, in particular in the groove. The needle may have a generally cylindrical or polygonal shape, for example, in the axial direction, for example. The needle may, for example, be concentrically tapered at one end or may include a tip that can close the scavenging inlet. However, grooves, for example notches, grooves or even bore holes, may also be present in the needles. The needle can be deployable at the scavenging inlet so that the groove can be closed or opened by the closure inlet depending on the temperature. The holder may be, for example, a bore hole.

The scavenging inlet may, for example, be formed in the fuel chamber and / or the fuel supply line and / or the scavenging supply line as a bore hole. The scavenging inlet may be, for example, circular or polygonal; The scavenging inlet may be particularly adapted for the shape of the closing element or the closing element and the scavenging inlet may be closed and sealed against the scavenging fluid such that the scavenging inlet can be closed by the closing element To each other. The scavenging inlet, which can be closed by the closure element in dependence on the temperature, may be, for example, a scavenging inlet and / or closure element thermally expandable in the radial or axial direction, and the closure element and the scavenging inlet And thus the closing element will thus be understood as releasing or closing the scavenging inlet. The opening of the scavenging inlet by the closing element can be generated in this connection, for example, in the heating of the closing element and the scavenging inlet, and the closure may occur during cooling of the closing element and the scavenging inlet . However, the opening of the scavenging inlet by the closure element can also occur, for example, during cooling of the closure element and the scavenging inlet, and the closure can occur during heating of the closure element and the scavenging inlet have. By means of the open scavenging inlet, the scavenging fluid flows through, for example, the scavenging inlet.

Since the scavenging inlet is a purely mechanical device and the scavenging inlet can be mechanically closed by the closing element depending on the temperature, in contrast to the device known from the prior art, Or other means are not required. In addition, the scavenging inlet can be opened or closed by a closing element, or vice versa, in which the groove in the needle flows around the device, for example, depending on the temperature of the scavenging fluid, It can be opened or closed by a jig opening.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first material has a lower thermal expansion coefficient than the second material. The closure material made of the first material is less expanded in all spatial directions than the second material forming the scavenging inlet at the time of heating. The closing element, in particular the needle, can be inflated due to its shape, especially in the one-space direction, preferably in the axial direction. The second material forming the scavenging inlet may have a greater coefficient of thermal expansion, so that, upon heating, the first element may be removed from the first element so that the closure element releases the scavenging inlet and the scavenging fluid flows into the scavenging line, It expands more than material. Thus, the opening and closing of the scavenging inlet by the closure element can preferably be caused only by a change in temperature, in particular by a rise in temperature.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the closure element is geometrically expanded in an axial direction different from the radial direction, or the scavenging inlet is geometrically expanded in a radial direction different from the axial direction. The closing element can, for example, have a larger geometric expansion in the axial direction than in the radial direction and / or the scavenging inlet can have a larger geometric expansion in the radial direction than, for example, the axial direction. The closing element, in particular the needle, can therefore be further expanded in the axial direction than, for example, in the radial direction, and / or the scavenging inlet can be expanded more radially in the axial direction, for example. The closing element may be arranged along the axis in the direction of the axial space, for example, and the opening surface of the scavenging inlet may be arranged with respect to this axis in the radial direction of the space. Thus, the thermal expansion of the closing element and the scavenging inlet is preferably generated in opposite spatial directions.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the scavenging inlet is released by the closure element based on a predefined temperature increase. Predefined temperature increases can be caused, for example, by scavenging fluids, particularly by fuel. For this purpose, the scavenging fluid may be a diesel that is not heated, for example, so that the closure element can close the scavenging inlet. If the scavenging fluid is to be changed, i. E. The scavenging fluid to be liquefied, for example heavy oil, is used, the scavenging fluid to be liquefied is first heated and the closing element releases the scavenging inlet. Thus, preferably the closing and opening of the scavenging inlet can be achieved depending on the temperature of the scavenging fluid used.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the holder is formed as a bore hole. The closing element is fixed to the bore hole by the fixing element and can be adjusted by the adjusting element. Also, the sealing arrangement is disposed between the closing element and the holder.

In this connection, the bore hole can be adjusted in respect to the shape of the closing element in the radial direction so that the closing element can be pressed into the bore hole. For example, the thread may be in the bore hole to also accommodate a needle or a total closing element. The securing element can be constructed, for example, as a nut or bolt, and can be disposed in the bore hole or in the bore hole, to prevent axial movement of the closing element. The fastening element can, for example, also simply hold the needle or the entire closure element in the bore hole. The adjustment element serves for alignment of the closing element in the direction of the axial axis and / or in the direction of the scavenging inlet. The adjustment element can be constructed, for example, as a nut or a screw. The sealing element can be constructed as a seal, in particular an elastomeric material or an O-ring made of metal or elastic material. It is also possible that two or more sealing elements, in particular O-rings, are arranged adjacent to one another. The sealing element can, for example, be arranged in the receiving space or groove of the closing element or holder.

In a first embodiment of particular importance for implementation, the device is a pump, comprising a pump body and a fuel chamber, wherein the fuel chamber is disposed within the pump body and the scavenging inlet is configured as a portion of the pump body. The fuel chamber is disposed in the region between the holder and the scavenging opening, and the closing element is disposed in the fuel chamber.

The device may be a pump, for example a jet pump or a fuel injection pump, especially for large diesel engines. The pump comprises a pump body and the pump body consists of a second material, in particular cast iron or similar material. The pump body then includes a fuel chamber, which forms a ring body having, for example, a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet for the fuel. In this regard, the fuel inlet is in flow communication with the fuel supply line and the fuel outlet is in flow communication with the fuel outlet line. The scavenging inlet can be disposed in the pump body of the fuel chamber and can be made and formed of a second material. The scavenging inlet may also be in flow communication with the fuel chamber in an operative state. The scavenging line may be disposed in the pump body, or may be disposed, for example, as a line in the pump body. The holder of the closing element may be disposed and formed on the fuel chamber side disposed against the scavenging inlet so that the fuel chamber is disposed between the scavenging inlet and the holder. The closing element is disposed in the fuel chamber and is held by the holder and thus a scavenging fluid, such as fuel, especially diesel or heavy oil, flows around the closing element. The scavenging fluid, in particular the heavy oil, can be heated before being injected into the device, especially the pump device. A practical way of heating is the associated heating where the scavenging fluid is heated by one or more heating elements that can be placed along the distribution passages of the scavenging fluid.

In a second embodiment, the apparatus is a pump and comprises a scavenging supply line; The closure element is disposed within the scavenging supply line, and the scavenging inlet and holder are configured as portions of the scavenging supply line. The scavenging inlet, the closure element, and the holder are disposed in the scavenging supply line independently of the fuel supply line and the fuel chamber in this second embodiment. The scavenging fluid can therefore preferably be guided into the apparatus independently of the fuel chamber and the fuel supply line.

In an alternate embodiment of the second embodiment, the closing element is disposed in the fuel supply line and the scavenging supply line, the scavenging inlet is formed in the scavenging supply line, and the holder is formed in the fuel supply line. The closure element can be heated in this regard in the fuel supply line and release the scavenging inlet of the scavenging supply line. The scavenging inlet can thus be opened or closed, preferably by a temperature change of the fuel supply line and by subsequent thermal expansion of the closing element, but at the same time the scavenging fluid can be supplied using an independent scavenging supply line have.

In a third embodiment, the apparatus is a pump and comprises a fuel supply line, wherein the fuel supply line is in flow communication with the fuel chamber, the closing element is disposed in the fuel supply line, and the scavenging inlet and holder are part of the fuel supply line Lt; / RTI > Unlike the first embodiment, in this third embodiment, the closing element, the scavenging inlet and the holder can be arranged in the fuel supply line. A portion of the scavenging line may be configured as, for example, a line independent of the pump body and leading from the fuel supply line to the pump body or into the pump body. It is an advantage of this embodiment that the device in operation, for example a cleaning device, can be additionally provided.

In one embodiment of the invention, the device is a pump and comprises a spring chamber, wherein the spring chamber is disposed in the region between the scavenging inlet and the scavenging outlet. The scavenging inlet may also be in flow communication with the spring chamber by a scavenging line. The spring for closing the piston can, for example, be arranged in the spring chamber.

The invention also relates to a method of cleaning a device, in particular a pump device for a large diesel engine, the device comprising a scavenging inlet, a scavenging line, and a closing element, the scavenging inlet comprising a scavenging line Flow communication. According to the present invention, the closing element is made of a first material, and the first material has a different thermal expansion coefficient from the second material forming the scavenging inlet. The closing element is arranged and arranged in the scavenging inlet such that the scavenging inlet is closed by the closing element depending on the temperature. The closure element may be configured in the holder and disposed at the scavenging inlet such that the scavenging inlet is closed by the closure element depending on the temperature.

In one embodiment of the invention, the scavenging fluid for cleaning the device is a fuel, especially heavy oil.

The method can be practiced using an apparatus according to the invention. The reliability of the apparatus is improved, and problems caused, for example, by polymerization of the fuels are reduced by the present apparatus and the present method.

Embodiments of preferred means and preferred methods are also derived from the dependent claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be described in more detail below in terms of apparatus and process engineering aspects with reference to embodiments and drawings.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a detailed view of a first embodiment according to the present invention.
Figures 2a and 2b schematically illustrate embodiments of a closing element and a scavenging inlet in the closed and open states.
Figures 3a and 3b schematically show another embodiment of a closing element and a scavenging inlet in the closed and open states.
Figure 4 shows a first embodiment of the device according to the invention.
Fig. 5 shows a modification of the embodiment of the second embodiment of the device according to the invention.
Figure 6 shows a third embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a detailed view of the first embodiment according to the present invention. The apparatus 1, in particular a pump apparatus for a large diesel engine, is shown. A large diesel engine, in particular a large internal combustion engine, can be used, for example, as a main engine or as a subsidiary engine in a power plant for the production of ships or for the production of electricity. In this connection, each cylinder of the large diesel engine may comprise its own device 1, or one device may comprise all the cylinders. Large diesel engines can be operated, for example, with diesel or heavy oil, and heavy oil typically causes sedimentation or other problems in the apparatus 1. The device 1 may be, for example, a pump, an injection pump or a fuel injection pump. The apparatus 1 shown in Figure 1 comprises a closing element 2, a fuel chamber 3, a fuel supply line 4, a scavenging inlet 6, a scavenging line 5 and a pump body 7 ). Like the scavenging inlet 6 and the scavenging line 5, the fuel supply line 4 and the fuel chamber 3 are in flow communication. The closing element 2 includes a needle 26, a sealing element 25, an adjusting element 22, and a stationary element 21. The closing element 2 or the needle 26 is arranged in the pump body 7 in a holder 24, which may for example be a borehole. The element 23, for example a screw thread, is placed in the holder 24 and the closing element 2 or the needle 26 can be placed or fixed on the element 23. The closing element 2 is fixed to the holder 24 by the fixing element 21 and the closing element 2 is aligned by the adjusting element 22 so that the scavenging inlet 6 can be closed . The fuel flowing through the fuel supply line 4 and the fuel chamber 3 in the operating state, for example, flows around the closing element 2, particularly the needle 26, in a scavenging fluid.

Figures 2a and 2b schematically illustrate one embodiment of a closing element 2 (see Figure 1) and a scavenging inlet 6 in a closed state (Figure 2a) and an open state (Figure 2b). The closing element 2 or the needle 26 is arranged in the scavenging inlet 6 formed in the pump body 7 and closes the scavenging inlet 6. Since the closing element 2 (see Fig. 1) including the needle 26 is made of the first material having a different thermal expansion coefficient from the second material making the pump body 7, the first material and the second material Different thermal expansion occurs during heating of the material. 1), in particular the needle 26, is inflated mainly axially along the axis A, for example, and the pump body 7 is displaced axially along the axis of the scavenging inlet 6 are open in the radial direction with respect to the axis A. Since the scavenging inlet 6 is in flow communication with the scavenging line 5, the scavenging fluid is thus flowed into the scavenging line 5 by the open scavenging inlet 6 in the operating state .

Figures 3a and 3b schematically illustrate another embodiment of the closing element 2 (see Figure 1) and the scavenging inlet 6 in the closed (Figure 3a) and open (Figure 3b) . The needle 26 has a groove and a scavenging inlet 6 is formed by this groove with the pump body 7 or the fuel supply line 4 or the scavenging supply line 10. The pump body 7 or the fuel supply line 4 or the scavenging supply line 10 (see Fig. 5) is arranged in the groove or in the groove, whereby the scavenging inlet 6 is closed. The closing element 2 (see FIG. 1), which includes the needle 26, is connected to the pump body 7 or to the fuel supply line 4 or the scavenging supply line 10 (see FIG. 5) Since the first material is made of the first material having a different thermal expansion coefficient from the material, different thermal expansion occurs in heating the first material and the second material. 1), in particular the needle 26, also here is also mainly axially expanded along the axis A and the pump body 7 or the fuel supply line 4 or the scavenger 26, The gas supply line 10 (see FIG. 5) is primarily radially expanded relative to the axis A so that the scavenging inlet 6 is open.

A first embodiment of a device according to the invention is schematically illustrated in Fig. The pump 1 for the device 1, in particular the large diesel engine, is a pump 1 in which the closing element 2 is arranged in a holder 24 (see Fig. 1), for example a bore hole, (23) is disposed in the pump body (7). The scavenging inlet 6 is closable by the closure element 2 and the scavenging fluid flows around the closure element 2 in the fuel chamber 3 when in an actuated state. As described in detail in the description of Figures 1, 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B, the closure element 2 comprises a pump body 7 made of a second material and having a scavenging inlet 6 formed therein The first material having a coefficient of expansion different from that of the first material. The scavenging fluid is particularly heavy oil, diesel or other fuel which is suitable for large diesel engines and which can be delivered to the fuel chamber 3 through the fuel supply line 4.

The scavenging inlet 6 and the closing element 2 are arranged in such a way that when the heating elements are heated, for example from a temperature of at least 100 ° C, particularly preferably from a temperature of at least 120 ° C, The scavenging inlet 6 can be opened by the closure element 2 depending on the temperature since it is thermally expanded to release the inlet 6 of the cabin. The fuel chamber 3, the scavenging inlet 6 and the scavenging line 5 are connected to each other at the time of opening of the scavenging inlet 6, such that the scavenging fluid can flow into the spring chamber 8, Respectively. The scavenging line 5 is also in fluid communication with the spring chamber 8 so that the scavenging fluid flows into the spring chamber 8 by means of an open scavenging inlet 6. The scavenging fluid, which may flow into the spring chamber 8 and have a presettable temperature, discharges the polymerized scavenging fluids in the spring chamber and delivers it from the device 1 through the scavenging outlet 9 do.

A modification of the second embodiment of the device according to the invention is schematically shown in Fig. 5 and substantially corresponds to Fig. A scavenging supply line 10 is provided in flow communication with the scavenging line 5 so that the scavenging fluid is separately supplied and separated from the fuel chamber 3. [ The closing element 2 is arranged in a holder 24 (see Fig. 1) which is, for example, a bore hole, and the element 23, for example a screw thread (see Fig. 1), is arranged in the fuel supply line 4 . A needle 26 formed as an opening, e.g., a bore hole, in the scavenging inlet 6 is disposed in the scavenging line 10. If the thermal expansion of the closing element 2 is caused by heating by the scavenging fluid, the needle 26 is inflated and the scavenging inlet 6 is released so that the scavenging fluid flows into the scavenging supply line 10 into the spring chamber 8 through the scavenging line 5.

A third embodiment of the device according to the invention is schematically shown in Fig. 6 and substantially coincides with Figs. 4 and 5. Fig. The closing element 2 is arranged, for example, in a holder 24 (see Fig. 1) which is a bore hole, and the element 23, for example a thread, is arranged in the fuel supply line 4 (see Fig. A needle (26) with a scavenging inlet (6) formed as a groove closes the scavenging line (5). If the thermal expansion of the closing element 2 is caused by heating by the scavenging fluid, the needle 26 is inflated and the scavenging inlet 6 is released.

Claims (15)

As a pump device for an apparatus, particularly a large diesel engine,
The device (1)
A scavenging inlet 6,
- a scavenging line (5) in which the scavenging inlet (6) is in flow communication with the scavenging line (5), and -
- a closing element (2)
Wherein the closing element (2) is made of a first material, the first material having a different thermal expansion coefficient from the second material forming the scavenging inlet (6), the closing element (2) Characterized in that the cavitation inlet (6) is constructed and arranged in the scavenging inlet (6) so that it can be closed by the closing element (2) in dependence on the temperature. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first material has a lower thermal expansion coefficient than the second material. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the closing element (2) undergoes geometric expansion in an axial direction different from the radial direction, or the scavenging inlet (6) undergoes a geometrical expansion in a radial direction different from the axial direction. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the scavenging inlet (6) is released by the closing element (2) based on a predefined temperature increase. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein said closing element (2) is arranged in a holder (24), said holder (24) being constituted as a bore hole. 6. The method of claim 5,
Characterized in that the closing element (2) is fixed to the bore hole by a fixing element (22) and is adjustable by an adjusting element (21). The method according to claim 5 or 6,
A sealing element (25) is arranged between the closing element (2) and the holder (24). 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The apparatus is a pump and comprises a pump body (7) and a fuel chamber (3), the fuel chamber (3) being arranged in the pump body (7) and the scavenging inlet (6) 7). ≪ / RTI > 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the fuel chamber (3) is disposed in an area between the holder (24) and the scavenging opening (6) and the closing element (2) is disposed in the fuel chamber (3). 10. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9,
The apparatus (1) comprises a pump and a scavenging supply line (10), the closing element (2) being arranged in the scavenging supply line (10), the scavenging inlet Wherein the holder (24) is configured as portions of the scavenging supply line (10). 11. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 10,
The apparatus comprises a pump and a fuel supply line (4), the fuel supply line (4) being in fluid communication with the fuel chamber (3) and the closing element (2) Wherein the scavenging inlet (6) and the holder (24) are configured as parts of the fuel supply line (4). 12. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 11,
Wherein the closing element 2 is arranged in the fuel supply line 4 and in the scavenging supply line and the scavenging inlet is formed in the scavenging supply line 10, Is formed in the fuel supply line (4). 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
Wherein the device 1 comprises a spring chamber 8 and the spring chamber 8 is arranged in an area between the scavenging inlet 6 and the scavenging outlet 9. CLAIMS 1. A method for cleaning an apparatus, particularly a pump apparatus for a large diesel engine,
The apparatus comprises:
- a scavenging inlet (6),
- a scavenging line (5) in which the scavenging inlet (6) is in flow communication with the scavenging line (5), and -
- a closing element (2)
Wherein the closing element (2) is made of a first material, the first material having a different thermal expansion coefficient from the second material forming the scavenging inlet (6), the closing element (2) Characterized in that the cabin inlet (6) is constructed and arranged in the scavenging inlet (6) so that it can be closed by the closing element (2) in dependence on the temperature. 15. The method of claim 14,
Wherein the scavenging fluid for cleaning the device is a fuel, especially a heavy fuel oil.

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