KR20090016703A - Lubricant compounds containing complex esters - Google Patents

Abstract

Proposed are lubricant compounds with a good shear stability defined by the loss of the kinematic viscosity at 100 °C, containing base oil and a synthetic complex ester, the complex ester having a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of greater than 400 and up to 50,000 mm2/s and being obtained by conversion of a) polyols and monocarbonic acids and dicarbonic acids, or of b) polyols and mono-alcohols and dicarbonic acids, or of c) polyols and mono-alcohols and monocarbonic acids and dicarbonic acids. In addition the use of the said lubricant compounds containing the complex esters as oils for vehicle transmission, axles, industrial drives, compressors, turbines or engines is proposed.

Description

Lubricant compound containing complex esters {LUBRICANT COMPOUNDS CONTAINING COMPLEX ESTERS}

The present invention relates to the field of lubricants. The present invention relates to lubricant compositions containing complex esters of elevated viscosity and to the use of such lubricant compositions such as transmission oils, industrial oils or motor oils.

Commercially available lubricant compositions or other lubricants are prepared from a number of different natural or synthetic ingredients. In order to improve the required properties, depending on the field of use, adducts and / or further additives are added. Base oils mainly consist of mineral oils, highly refined mineral oils, alkylated mineral oils, poly-α-olefins (PAOs), polyalkylene glycols, phosphate esters, silicone oils, diesters and esters of polyhydric alcohols. Specifically, solvent neutral grade mineral oils and mineral oils of grades XHVI, VHVI, II and III are used.

Different lubricants such as motor oils, turbine oils, hydraulic fluids, transmission oils, compressor oils and the like must meet very high criteria such as high viscosity index, good lubrication performance, high oxidation sensitivity, good thermal stability or similar properties.

In particular, high performance lubricant oil formulations used as transmission oils, industrial oils or motor oils are oils with high performance profiles related to shear stability, low temperature viscosity, long service life, evaporation loss, fuel efficiency, seal compatibility and wear protection. These oils currently present preferentially include, in addition to conventional additives, PAO (particularly PAO 6) as carrier fluids or Group II or III mineral oils and certain polymers as thickeners or viscosity index enhancers (polyisobutylene = PIBs, olefin copolymers = Ethylene / propylene copolymers = OCPs, polyalkyl methacrylates = PMAs). Together with PAOs, low viscosity esters such as DIDA (diisodecyl adipate), DITA (diisotridecyl adipate) or TMTC (trimethylolpropane caprylate) are also particularly Typically used as solubilizers for polar additive varieties and for optimizing seal compatibility. Disadvantages when using the PAOs or the polymers are generally high cost and low shear stability, and when polymers are used the low temperature viscosity of the lubricant is also a disadvantage.

die der technischen Chemie" 1964년 제 15 권 제 3 판 285 ~ 294 쪽 참조). 일반적인 에스테르는 디카르복실산과 알코올의 반응 생성물 예컨대 2-에틸헥산올, 또는 폴리올의 반응 생성물 예컨대 트리메틸올프로판, 및 지방산 예컨대 올레산 또는 옥탄산과 n-데칸산의 혼합물이다. 예컨대, 모노카르복실산 및 폴리올뿐만아니라 디카르복실산이 에스테르 제조에 사용될 때, 디카르복실 산은 교차결합 작용을 하고, 이 교차결합 작용은 에스테르의 분자량을 증가시켜 결국 점도를 더 증가시키고 윤활제 배합에서 증점 작용을 향상시킨다. 이러한 에스테르는 전형적으로 복합 에스테르를 말한다. 에스테르를 사용하여 제조된 배합물의 저온 점도 및 그에 따라 향상된 저온 취급성을 특히 분지 알킬 사슬을 가지는 에스테르에 대하여 기재하였다.Ester lubricant oils are known and have been used for some time ("Ullmanns Encyklop

die der technischen Chemie ", Vol. 15, Issue 3, 3rd Edition, pages 285-294, 1964. Typical esters are reaction products of dicarboxylic acids with alcohols such as 2-ethylhexanol, or reaction products of polyols such as trimethylolpropane, and fatty acids. For example oleic or octanoic acid and a mixture of n-decanoic acid For example, when dicarboxylic acids as well as monocarboxylic acids and polyols are used in the preparation of the esters, the dicarboxylic acids have a crosslinking action, which is a crosslinking action of the ester. Increasing the molecular weight eventually increases further the viscosity and improves the thickening action in the lubricant formulation These esters typically refer to complex esters The low temperature viscosity and thus the improved low temperature handling of the formulations prepared using the esters are particularly branched alkyl Esters with chains are described.

Industry requirements for lubricant oils are reflected in the common specifications by grade, for example multi-zone oils that meet the viscosity grade SAE 75-W90 for transmission oil or the viscosity grade SAE O-W20 or O-W30 for motor oils in virtually all seasons. Can be used.

There are also specific requirements for additives of polymeric or oligomeric nature that serve as additives and contribute to meeting the requirements for very shear stable lubricant compositions that can be used in a wide range. This additive should additionally not at least worsen the viscosity index. However, certain viscosity index improvers are known which do not exhibit good shear stability as shown, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,156,673. EP 488432 (US = 5070131) discloses polymers having good shear stability and made from poly (polyalkenyl) couplings.

DE 3544061 (= US4822508) describes high shear stable transmission oils containing viscosity index enhancing additives based on esters of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid.

US 5,451,630 describes olefin copolymers (OCPs) with good shear stability. In addition, good shear stability is described as being reduced by the size of the molecule and the elevated viscosity. This degradation of the polymer as a result of the elevated shear forces reduces the viscosity of the lubricant.

The optimum viscosity index improver contributes little to the viscosity of the lubricant at low temperatures and to the viscosity of the lubricant at operating temperatures. In addition, there should be high stability even under elevated shear forces.

As such, it is an object of the present invention to increase shear stability of lubricant compositions and achieve good low temperature viscosity. Both are generally exacerbated by polymeric or oligomeric adducts such as thickeners, viscosity index improvers or polymeric dispersants.

EP 1281701 discloses synthetic lubricants made from polyneopentylpolyols and mixtures of linear and branched acids, wherein the esters have a viscosity of from 68 to 400 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C. It has been developed for cooling compressor fluids.

EP 938536 contains a synthetic ester obtained by the reaction of a polyol with a mixture of a monocarboxylic acid and an optional polybasic acid, and discloses a lubricant with elevated thermal and oxidative stability. The viscosity of the ester at 100 ° C. does not exceed approximately 80 mm 2 / s. Shear stability is not described.

First of all, it is an object of the present invention to provide a high shear stability lubricant composition comprising a new thickener system that can be used at a wide range without at least degrading the viscosity index. Low temperature viscosity and / or shear stability should be improved over conventional thickeners or VI enhancers corresponding to the prior art, and compatibility of the thickener system with the rest of the lubricant formulation should be ensured, especially at relatively low temperatures. Another object of the present invention is to reduce or eliminate the content of common polymeric and / or oligomeric thickeners or VI enhancers (eg OCPs, PIBs, polyalkyl methacrylates) in lubricant compositions, and expensive carriers such as PAOs. The component is replaced with a Group II or Group III oil. For lubricant oils already incorporating Group II or III oils, it is preferred to replace these Group II or III oils with cheaper Group I oils. In the industry, reduction or removal of conventional polymers should increase the benefits with regard to shear stability and low temperature viscosity.

There are certain problems when the lubricant must have improved oxidative stability and low temperature viscosity as well as improved compatibility with the seal material. Known lubricants based on linear esters with good oxidative stability are substantially saturated, but cause softening of conventional seal materials. In contrast, the unsaturated ester species derived from eg oleic acid have better behavior with respect to the seal material, but with significantly reduced oxidative stability. Certain problems arise with seal materials such as BNR (nitrile butyl louver) and its hydrogenation variants (HNBR).

There is also a need for an improved lubricant having high biodegradability. It is another object of the present invention to provide a lubricant having not only said properties but also excellent compatibility with the seal material. At the same time, other properties, in particular, should not adversely affect the lubricity and flow properties of the lubricant.

It has been found that certain high viscosity esters solve the problem in an excellent manner.

The present invention provides a lubricant composition having good shear stability determined by the loss of kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., wherein the lubricant composition contains a base oil and a synthetic complex ester, wherein the complex ester is greater than 400 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C. It has a kinematic viscosity of 50,000 mm 2 / s or less and is obtained by the following reaction.

a) Reaction of polyol with monocarboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid.

b) reaction of polyols with monoalcohols and dicarboxylic acids.

c) reaction of polyols with monoalcohols, monocarboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids.

For the complex esters, it has been found that the shear stability of lubricant compositions containing such esters achieves very good results and only slightly reduces the viscosity. In addition, it was possible to reduce the content of polymers. The loss of kinematic viscosity is determined at 100 ° C.

Iii) less than 8%, preferably less than 5%, particularly preferably less than 4% according to CEC L-45-T-93 (20 hours) for transmission oil, axle oil and clutch oil for automatic and manual transmissions ego,

Ii) For hydraulic fluids, fixed industrial transmission oils, oils for lubricating wind turbines, gas turbine oils, compressor oils and shock absorber oils, according to CEC L-45-T-93 (20 hours) Less than, preferably less than 8%,

Iii) less than 15%, preferably less than 10% and particularly preferably less than 7% after shearing according to ASTM D 3945 (30 cycles) for two- and four-stroke engine oils and diesel and gasoline motor oils.

In the present invention, the shear is permanent shear. Since the viscosity of the base oil is reduced only to a very small extent as a result of shearing, the determination of the loss of viscosity after shearing is meaningful as a parameter for complex esters.

It has also been surprisingly found that the oil temperature when used in transmissions or axles is lower when the lubricant is blended with high viscosity complex esters. This was found by the industry standard ARKL test (VW PV 1454). In addition, further use of low concentrations of polar polymers such as alkyl fumarate-α-olefins, polyalkyl methacrylates, or alkyl methacrylate-α-olefin systems in lubricant compositions containing relatively high viscosity esters is in many cases esters. It acts as a solubilizer for and lowers the low temperature viscosity of the lubricant composition in a synergistic manner.

In addition, expensive high viscosity PAO species, such as PAO 60 or PAO 100 or conventional thickeners such as OCP or PIB which are added as thickeners in lubricants can optionally be combined with the complex esters present according to the invention and are relatively good or Can bring improved characteristics. As further components it is preferred that polar polymers such as such components are added simultaneously.

The kinematic viscosity of the complex ester during use is preferably 800 to 25,000 mm 2 / s, in particular 1,200 to 10,000 mm 2 / s, more preferably 1,300 to 5,000 mm 2 / s and most preferably 1,500 to 3,000 mm 2 / s. Surprisingly, it has been found that the use of such esters results in very low kinematic viscosity after permanent shear. This property makes it possible to use in lubricants exposed to high shear stresses.

According to the invention, preference is given to lubricant compositions containing complex esters in concentrations of from 3 to 90% by weight relative to the total amount of lubricant composition. In particular, a concentration of 7 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 34% by weight is preferred.

In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant composition is characterized in that the monocarboxylic acid used in the reaction according to a) is a branched monocarboxylic acid or a mixture of linear monocarboxylic acids and branched monocarboxylic acids, linear monocarboxylic acids and Each of the branched monocarboxylic acids has from 5 to 40 carbon atoms, characterized in that the content of branched monoacids is preferably in excess of 90 mol% relative to the total content of the acid mixture. Monocarboxylic acids preferably have from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 10 to 18 carbon atoms. In particular, monocarboxylic acids are the following branched acids: 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid, neoheptanic acid, neooctanoic acid, neononanoic acid, isohexanoic acid, neodecanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 3-propyl Hexanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, isoheptanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, isononanoic acid, isostearic acid, isopalmic acid, gerbet acid C32, gerbet acid C34 or gerbet acid C36 and isodecane It is selected from the group formed by an acid. Linear acids include valeric acid, caproic acid, heptanoic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, Stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, lignoseric acid, myristic acid, serotic acid, melisic acid, tricosanoic acid and pentacosanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, Isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, oleic acid, petroleum acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, gadoleic acid and erusic acid, and their technical-grade mixtures It is preferably selected from the group formed by. Preferred branched monocarboxylic acids are isononanoic acid, isostearic acid and 2-ethylhexanoic acid.

Preferred are lubricant compositions containing complex esters obtained by the reaction of polyols with dicarboxylic acids and branched monocarboxylic acids. Such preferred esters formed from polyols, dicarboxylic acids and branched monocarboxylic acids preferably have a viscosity of 1,300 to 5,000 mm 2 / s, more preferably 1,500 to 3,000 mm 2 / s.

In the present invention, the base oils present in the lubricant composition are mineral oils, highly refined mineral oils, alkylated mineral oils, poly-α-olefins, polyalkylene glycols, phosphate esters, silicone oils, diesters and esters of polyhydric alcohols. And an oil selected from the group consisting of solvent neutral grade mineral oils and mineral oils of grades XHVI, VHVI, II and III and GTL basestock (gas-to-liquid base oil). . The poly-α-olefin may be preferably formed from C6 to C18-α-olefins and mixtures thereof. In particular, poly-α-deken is preferred.

According to the invention, the polyol is a branched or linear alcohol of the general formula (I) R ¹ (OH) _n , wherein R ¹ is an aliphatic or alicyclic group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and n is at least 2 . Polyols are neopentyl glycol, 2,2-dimethylolbutane, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, monopentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyalkyl It is preferably selected from the group consisting of ene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-propanediol and glycerol. In particular, trimethylolpropane, monopentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol are preferred.

In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant composition is such that, in the reaction according to b), the monoalcohols used are branched alcohols or linear alcohols of the general formula (II) (R ² OH), wherein R ² is from 2 to 24 carbon atoms It is an aliphatic group or an alicyclic group having and has 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds. Monoalcohols include capro alcohol, capryl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, Oleyl alcohol, erylidyl alcohol, petrolininyl alcohol, linolyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, elaeostearyl alcohol, aracil alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brazidil alcohol and their industrial uses It is preferable to select from the group formed from a rapid mixture.

The dicarboxylic acids used according to the invention for the preparation of complex esters are oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, brazic acid, tarpic acid and Pellogenic acid is preferred. Anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids are also suitable for the reaction according to the invention. In particular, azelaic acid or sebacic acid and anhydrides thereof are preferable.

The conversion of the complex ester to the reaction product proceeds with known syntheses for preparing the ester. The preparation of the esters can also be carried out according to the invention by known processes so that the free carboxyl groups and / or free hydroxyl groups are present in a controlled manner, the product having free carboxyl groups and / or free hydroxyl groups being a lubricant composition. Used for According to the invention, the free carboxyl groups present may further react with the amine to provide the amide, and the resulting compound may be present in the lubricant composition as a complex ester in the present invention.

In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant composition of the present invention, as an additional component, contains a polar polymer at a concentration of 0.5-30% by weight relative to the total amount of lubricant composition. Preferably it has a concentration of 1 to 18% by weight, more preferably 2 to 12% by weight.

Polar polymers used in accordance with the invention include alkyl fumarate-α-olefin copolymers, alkyl malate-α-olefin copolymers, polyalkyl methacrylates, propylene oxide polymers, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymers and alkyl methacrylates. It is preferably selected from the group formed of the rate-α-olefin copolymers.

In addition to good shear stability, the composite esters used in accordance with the present invention typically exhibit high compatibility with the seal materials used. Compatibility tests on seal materials can be performed, for example, over 168 hours at 100 ° C. according to ASTM D 471 standard tests. According to this test, the composite esters used according to the invention, with respect to the seal material, have a volume increase of 20% or less, preferably 10% or less, hardness loss of less than 15%, preferably less than 10%, and 50 A break elongation decrease of less than%, preferably less than 30% is shown.

Stability problems of seal materials with respect to lubricant compositions based on esters arise especially when using nitrile rubbers, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers or hydrogenation variants thereof. Typically, this seal material is softened by the ester as a lubricant, which results in an increase in volume. This softening reduces the hardness and reduces the breaking strength or elongation at break.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite ester is selected from NR (natural rubber), NBR (nitrile-butadiene rubber), HNBR (hydrogenated nitrile butyl rubber), FPM (fluorine rubber), ACM (acrylate rubber), PTFE during use. For seal materials selected from the group consisting of (teflon), PU (polyurethane), silicone, polyacrylates and neoprene, more preferably, they are compatible with NBR, HNBR and ACM.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stability of the seal material for esters with branched alkyl groups is determined by the ASTM D 471 test and certain criteria are met.

The complex esters used according to the invention show excellent oxidative stability and thermal stability in addition to the above properties. This was determined according to DIN EN ISO 4263-3.

In the present invention, the terms "lubricant composition", "lubricant", "lubricant oil" and "blended" are used in the same sense.

In addition to these other components, the lubricant compositions of the present invention include polymer thickeners, viscosity index enhancers, antioxidants, preservatives, detergents, dispersants, anti-emulsifiers, antifoams, dyes, antiwear additives, EP (extreme pressure) and AW (wear resistance) additives and It may contain further additives selected from the group formed of friction modifiers.

The present invention also provides, in a preferred embodiment, the use of the lubricant composition of the invention in particular as vehicle transmission oil, axle oil, industrial transmission oil, compressor oil, turbine oil or motor oil. Particular preference is given to using it as a vehicle transmission oil, axle oil, clutch oil or industrial transmission oil.

Examples 1-10 (E1-E10): Comparison of Different Lubricant Compositions

Table 1 lists the formulations of the examples and the formulations of the comparative examples.

It is clear that SAE grade 75W-90 transmission oils can be formulated with excellent low temperature properties (low absolute viscosity of less than 300,000 mPa.s, all measured at -40 ° C), based on the high viscosity esters HVE I and HVE II. have. Notably, the shear stability of the formulations of the examples (except E5 and E6 to focus on one invention effect of improving the possibility of using Group III mineral oils and low temperature properties instead of PAO 6) was improved compared to Comparative Example (CE1). . The effect is clearer considering that CE1 has been formulated with PIB and OCP systems that are classified as shear stable in particular. It can be noted that the use of high viscosity esters makes available formulations with similar low temperature viscosities even with PAO 8 or Group III mineral oils rather than PAO 6 (see E4, E5, E6). It can be seen that the use of certain polymers at relatively low concentrations has a synergistic effect on the improvement of low temperature viscosity (see E2 and E3 comparison, E2 and E7 comparison, E2 and E10 comparison and E5 and E6 comparison). These include alkyl methacrylate polymers (see E5 and E6), alkyl methacrylate-α-olefin copolymers (see E3), alkyl malate-α-olefin copolymers (see E7) and alkyl fumarate-α-olefin copolymers. As a polymer (see E10). In the case of using an alkyl methacrylate polymer, it can be seen that the shear stability of the formulation is deteriorated due to the shear of the alkyl methacrylate polymer (see E5 and E6). It can also be seen that formulations based on HVE II have an advantage in the mean end of the test temperature in the ARKL test (VW PV 1454) (see comparison of CE1 and E8 and E9). This test reflects the operating oil temperature when used on transmissions and axles, the more positive the lower the observed temperature. It can also be seen that the friction value is reduced and wear is reduced as a result of the use of the oil of the invention. This can be seen by the industry standard SRV test (see comparison of CE1 and E2).

The exact names of all methods used and feedstock used are shown in Table 1.

PAO 4: Nexbase 2004 from Neste Oil Corp.

PAO 6: Nexbase 2006 from Neste Oil Corp.

PAO 8: Nexbase 2008 by Neste Oil Corp.

HVE I: Commercially available high viscosity esters having a kinematic viscosity of 445 mm 2 / s as measured at 40 ° C. (eg Synative ES 3237 from Cognis).

HVE II: High viscosity ester having a kinematic viscosity of 2,000 mm 2 / s measured at 40 ° C., determined by a known method by the reaction of pentaerythritol, isostearic acid and sebacic acid.

DIDA: diisodecyl adipate such as Cognis Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Synative ES DIDA from KG.

Group III mineral oil: Nexbase 3043 from Neste Oil Corp.

Alkyl methacrylate-α-olefin copolymer I: Viscobase 11-574 of RohMax.

Alkyl methacrylate I: Viscoplex 0-101 of RohMax.

Alkyl maleate-α-olefin copolymer I: Gear-Lube 7930.

Alkyl fumarate-α-olefin copolymers I: Gear-Lube 7960.

Additive Package I: Anglamol 6004 J. by Lubrizol.

PIB I: Lubrizol, Lubrizol 8406.

OCP I: Lubrizol, Lubrizol 8407.

* SRV test condition

SRV1 unit from Optimol Instruments Pruftechnik Gmbh.

Increasing the load to 200 N in 22 minutes, to 300 N for an additional 5 minutes and to 600 N for the remaining 43 minutes; Test time: 70 minutes.

Temperature: 100 ° C.

Sliding path of the sphere: 1.00 mm.

Frequency: 50 Hz.

Material pair: A 10 mm diameter sphere on a cylinder with a wrapped surface.

Several motor oils were prepared using esters according to the invention (E13-E15) and the properties of the oils were tested. Test results for comparable prior art motor oils E11 and E12 are described. The results can be seen in Table 2 below.

Claims (11)

A lubricant composition having good shear stability determined by the loss of kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., wherein the lubricant composition contains a base oil and a synthetic composite ester, the composite ester having greater than 400 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C. 50,000 mm 2 / s Has the following kinematic viscosity, and the following reaction, a) reaction of polyols with monocarboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids, b) reaction of polyols with monoalcohols and dicarboxylic acids, or c) A lubricant composition obtained by the reaction of a polyol with monoalcohol, monocarboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid. The method of claim 1, wherein the loss of kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃, Iii) for transmission oil, axle oil and clutch oil of automatic and manual transmissions, less than 8% determined according to CEC L-45-T-93 (20 hours), Ii) for hydraulic fluids, fixed industrial transmission oils, oils for lubricating wind turbines, gas turbine oils, compressor oils and shock absorber fluids, determined according to CEC L-45-T-93 (20 hours). Less than% Iii) less than 15% as determined according to ASTM D 3945 (30 cycles) for two-stroke and four-stroke engine oils and diesel and gasoline motor oils. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the complex ester is present at a concentration of 3 to 90% by weight relative to the total amount of the lubricant composition. The monocarboxylic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is used for the reaction according to claim a), is a branched monocarboxylic acid or a mixture of linear monocarboxylic acids and branched monocarboxylic acids, A lubricant composition, wherein the linear monocarboxylic acid and the branched monocarboxylic acid each have 5 to 40 carbon atoms. The polyol according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polyol is a branched alcohol or a linear alcohol of general formula (I) R ¹ (OH) _n , and R ¹ is an aliphatic group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or And a cycloaliphatic group and n is at least two. The monoalcohol according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the monoalcohol is a branched alcohol or a linear alcohol of general formula (II) (R ² OH), and R ² is an aliphatic group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or A lubricant composition, characterized in that it is an alicyclic group. The dicarboxylic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the dicarboxylic acid is oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, brazic acid. , A lubricant composition, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of tarpric acid and pelogeneic acid. 8. The component according to claim 1, wherein, as a further component, the polar polymer is 0.5 to 30% by weight (particularly 1 to 18% by weight, more preferably 2 to 12% by weight) relative to the total amount of the lubricant composition. Lubricant composition, characterized in that present in the concentration of). 9. The polar polymer of claim 1, wherein the polar polymer is a polyalkyl methacrylate, an alkyl fumarate-alpha-olefin copolymer, an alkyl maleate-alpha-olefin copolymer, a propylene oxide polymer, ethylene oxide A lubricating composition, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of -propylene oxide copolymers and alkyl methacrylate-alpha-olefin copolymers. 10. The additive according to claim 1, wherein additional additives may be present, which may be polymer thickeners, viscosity index enhancers, antioxidants, preservatives, detergents, dispersants, anti-emulsifiers, antifoams, dyes, abrasions. A lubricant composition, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of antistatic additives, EP (extreme pressure) and AW (wear resistance) additives and friction modifiers. Use of the lubricant composition of claims 1 to 10 used as vehicle transmission oil, axle oil, industrial transmission oil, compressor oil, turbine oil or motor oil.