KR20090008960U - The remediation of soil contaminated with oil and a heavy metal using Microwave and high temperature heating source - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a soil contaminated by oil by continuously irradiating microwaves as a device for restoring oil contaminated soil and removing heavy metals by using microwave and high temperature heating element to remove heavy metals contained in oil and soil contaminated with oil. After lowering the moisture content of first, remove the heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH: TPH) in the oil-contaminated soil by using the microwave's strong wave electric field and high temperature heating element. As the technical problem to be solved, the initial moisture content removal and THP removal of oil contaminated soil using microwave also prevents the microwave from leaking out of the device of the present invention in the use of strong waves, and absorbed into the oil contaminated soil Microwaves that remain in the chamber It is configured to absorb the heating element to generate a high temperature above a certain temperature in the high temperature heating element to cause thermal desorption on the oil contaminated soil. To this end, the present design prevents the introduction of stones or other foreign substances into the initial oil contaminated soil, and the soil screening input unit using a vibrator and a viscous oil soil to ensure that oil contaminated soil of a certain size enters the apparatus of the present invention. In order to prevent agglomeration and to increase the field efficiency of the drying and strong microwaves to remove the initial moisture content of the injected soil, and to provide a fixed amount of oil contaminated soil, and a conveying part and oil contaminated soil that can transport it. To prevent leakage to the outside of the microwave generated during drying, and to generate high temperature using the leaked microwave, and to dry the oil-contaminated soil by using the direct microwave Field action to get TPH It consists of a secondary treatment part, which is a microwave irradiation part that lowers, and finally, it prevents leakage to the outside of the microwave again, and again high temperature for the third heavy metal decomposition and thermal desorption for oil polluted soil which dried and decomposed in the first and second parts. It is a tertiary treatment part composed of a heating part, and is a device for restoring oil contaminated soil and removing heavy metals using a microwave and a high temperature heating element constituted by a discharge part for smoothly discharging the oil contaminated soil until the third process.

Microwave, Metering Device, Trumpet Waveguide, High Temperature Heating Element

Description

The remediation of soil contaminated with oil and a heavy metal using Microwave and high temperature heating source}

Currently, as a device for restoring soil contaminated by oil, soil has been restored by high temperature and low temperature heat desorption furnace and cleaning with chemicals and water. However, the present invention uses the characteristics of microwave and high temperature heating element, and has been used. Compared to the thermal desorption furnace in use, the energy efficiency is improved, and the recovery time and treatment process for oil contaminated soil are simplified. However, even in the highly efficient microwave device, if the microwave leaks out of the chamber, it is fatally harmful to the human body. Therefore, the present invention is to restore oil polluted soil and remove heavy metals using microwave and high temperature heating element to restore oil polluted soil more efficiently and prevent heavy metals from harming human body due to leaking microwave and It's about how.

In general, soils contaminated by oil have an initial moisture content of up to 30% or more. Conventional heat deposition furnaces are based on the method of hot air and heat conduction, and thus, the heating rate is slow and the temperature is difficult to control, resulting in a large amount of thermal loss and thermal desorption only after removing the initial moisture content of 30%. As a result, the efficiency of oil soil is considerably lowered, and the consumption of fossil energy used to decompose it is extremely disadvantageous.

On the other hand, the oil pollution soil restoration and heavy metal decomposition device described in the present invention by using the dielectric heating characteristic, one of the characteristics of the microwave instantaneously microwaves into the oil pollution soil by heating, oil pollution As it heats up 30% of the initial moisture content of the soil at high speed and self-heats by oil soil, it removes more than 60% of TPH of the initial oil polluted soil and saves energy by not using fossil energy. It has a big advantage. In addition, by controlling the output of the microwave has the advantage of controlling the drying and thermal decomposition efficiency of oil contaminated soil.

However, the use of microwaves in oil-contaminated soils involves a lot of risks because they use a few microwatts and many hundreds of kilowatts of strong microwaves. When the microwave leaks out of the chamber, cataracts, headaches, cancers, strokes and central nervous system disorders are adversely affected. Therefore, there are no relevant laws in Korea, but foreign countries strictly regulate the use of microwaves.

Table 1. Electromagnetic Intensity Standards for Professionals (related to Article 3, Paragraph 1)

Frequency range Electric field strength (V / m) Magnetic field strength (A / m) Magnetic flux density (μT) Power density (W / ㎡) 1㎐ or less - 1.63 x 105 2 x 05 1㎐ or more ~ less than 8㎐ 20,000 1.63 x 05 / f2 2 x 05 / f2 8㎐ or more ~ less than 25㎐ 20,000 2 x 04 / f 2.5 x 04 / f 0.025㎑ or more ~ less than 0.82㎑ 500 / f 20 / f 25 / f 0.82㎑ or more ~ less than 65㎑ 610 24.4 30.7 0.065MHz or more ~ less than 1MHz 610 1.6 / f 2.0 / f 1 MHz or more and less than 10 MHz 610 / f 1.6 / f 2.0 / f 10 MHz to 400 MHz 61 0.16 0.2 10 400 MHz or more and less than 2,000 MHz 3 f1 /2 0.008 f1 /2 0.01 f1 /2 f / 40 2㎓ or more ~ less than 300㎓ 137 0.36 0.45 50

Microwaves have many advantages, but due to leakage, which is a crucial disadvantage of microwaves, microwave devices can be manufactured in a batch form regardless of the amount of input, or even if the equipment is manufactured in a continuous type Since soil is introduced into the microwave device and then the inlet and outlet ports are adopted, the oil pollution soil has a disadvantage in that the drying and pyrolysis efficiency of the soil is reduced.

Therefore, the present invention configures the device so that the leaking microwaves are absorbed by the high temperature heating element to block the microwaves leaking to the outside and generates heat when the high temperature heating element absorbs the microwaves. It is possible to increase the heat desorption efficiency by adding heat source when the oil contaminated soil is added and discharged, and the oil soil can be continuously injected without blocking the input and discharge parts. The present invention relates to an oil pollution restoration and heavy metal removal device using microwaves and high temperature heating elements configured to be sufficiently high.

To date, to solve the problem of oil pollution soil restoration and heavy metal decomposition, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0449553 (a method for thermochemical reforming and purification of contaminated sediments and soils) has been found to be specific to environmentally stable products such as calcium oxide. When the additive is added to the soil and mixed, the soil is purged by continuously aeration from the melt formed. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0422810 (contamination soil purification apparatus and method by electron beam irradiation) is excavated and collected soil contaminated with hardly decomposable organic matter, and irradiated electrons accelerated by electron beam accelerator to the collected soil, The rapid generation of high radicals allows the rapid oxidation of hardly degradable organics in the soil.

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for purifying polluted soil by electron beam irradiation, and the apparatus for purifying soil by electron beam only. However, the TPH removal rate by electron beam alone has a disadvantage of being extremely low. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0583892 (a treatment apparatus, a treatment method and a soil treatment method) relates to a treatment apparatus, a treatment method and a soil treatment method. In particular, the present invention relates to a treatment apparatus, a treatment method, and a soil treatment method for treating an object to be treated containing harmful organic halides such as heavy metals such as lead and dioxins. The above patent is characterized by purifying the soil by using the heat desorption furnace by gas by classifying the first and second hermetic chamber, and by configuring the exhaust purifying device in each hermetic chamber, dioxins or other pollutants leak out the soil How to purify. However, it has the disadvantage of using fossil energy in terms of using gas furnace, and it has the disadvantage of complicated and expensive maintenance cost by constructing exhaust purification device in each of the first and second hermetic chambers and each hermetic chamber.

 Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0395691 (Soil Pollution Purification System) relates to a soil pollution purification system, and in particular, to continuously spray water on polluted soil

After collecting water into the well, it is pumped as a recovery pump and transported to a flow control tank. The oil is separated from the oil separation tank and the chemical treatment tank and ozone oxidizer are sequentially processed to perform physical, chemical and biological treatment as well as purification. The treated water can be recycled again and again, so that the soil can be restored without being constrained by the facilities being built or under construction. It is effective to restore land to maximize the value of land use. However, this method also has a problem of expensive treatment, complicated device, and limited use as a soil treatment method by chemicals. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0703190 (energy recovery type heat desorption apparatus for soil organic fish salts purification) relates to an energy recovery type heat desorption apparatus for separating and removing contaminants contained in the contaminated medium by thermal desorption reaction.

A thermal desorption body driven by a rotary kiln method, one or more heat pipes for heating a contaminated medium injected inside the thermal desorption body to induce a thermal desorption reaction, and one side of which is fixed to an inner wall of the thermal desorption body, And a wing in frictional contact with the contaminated medium. Therefore, the energy recovery type thermal desorption apparatus of the present invention, while the soil contaminated inside the thermal desorption body is heated by heat pipes, the blades are frictionally contacted with the soil, so that the soil is mixed more flexibly than the conventional, the contact of the soil desorption reaction As the area is widened, thermal desorption reaction efficiency is increased. In addition, the present invention has the advantage that the cost of energy is reduced by recycling the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the organic decontamination reaction of the soil to the heat source for the heat desorption reaction again. However, this method also has the disadvantage that the device is huge, and the configuration of the device is complicated, which leads to high operating costs. Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2004-0082635 (Oil Pollution Soil Purification Device Using Microwave) relates to an oil polluted soil purification device using microwave (Microwave (MW)), and more specifically, it is generated by electromagnetic energy in a contaminated soil layer. Microwaves can be used to quickly and efficiently remove only contaminants (oil: volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) without digging up contaminated soil, thereby reducing the costs associated with digging, transporting and covering contaminated soil. In addition to the economic benefits, the pollutants removed can be collected and reused.

That is, in an oil contaminated soil purifying apparatus for purifying oil contaminated soil, a suction pipe having a suction hole penetrating into and out of a hole drilled into the contaminated soil at a predetermined depth using an auger machine, and an inner lower end of the suction tube A microwave tip disposed on the ground, a microwave generator installed on the ground so as to be electrically connected to the microwave tip, and a cover for enclosing the contaminated soil into which the suction pipe is inserted, and collecting gas including VOCs discharged through the suction pipe. And a VOCs gas filtration unit which is connected to the cover in a tubular manner and separates the gas containing the VOCs, the separation tank separating the liquid containing the oil, and the gas containing the VOCs separated from the separation tank by suctioning and discharging the gas by a vacuum pump. And an oil-water separator for separating oil-water by discharging the liquid containing oil separated from the separation tank to a liquid discharge pump. In addition, it is possible to purify the contaminated soil by heating the contaminated soil with microwave electromagnetic energy without the excavation of contaminated soil. This method involves digging a hole in the ground, inserting a probe, and then irradiating the tip of the probe with microwaves to purify the soil. Unlike general high pressures, microwave injection is very difficult. In addition, even if scanning, the devices listed above are complex, and has a disadvantage that is difficult to operate.

 The conventional techniques are mainly composed of a thermal desorption furnace using a chemical or an auxiliary fuel such as LNG or a gas furnace or a cologne. The above methods are currently commercialized, but they have the disadvantage of being very expensive. In addition, a new method using an electron beam or a method using a microwave probe has a disadvantage in that processing efficiency is lowered. In addition, it is difficult to effectively block the leakage of the microwave, threatening the safety of workers, and the initial installation cost is very expensive, the situation is difficult to commercialize.

Looking at the thermal desorption furnace that is currently commercially operated, it uses fossil energy such as LNG, and it is not efficient for the restoration of soil contaminated by oil. This is because the moisture content of the polluted soil that is initially introduced has a high water content of about 30%. Existing thermal desorption furnaces only remove the initial water content of 30% before thermal desorption and decomposition of heavy metals cause energy such as LNG. In contrast, the efficiency is relatively low. In addition, although it is still in the research stage, a method of restoring the soil through pyrolysis process by putting the dried soil into the thermal desorption furnace after drying by microwave to reduce the moisture content of the initial soil. At this time, if the temperature is maintained at about 300 ℃ to 500 ℃, there is a research result that there is a thermal decomposition effect of about 95% or more. (Doctoral dissertation "Study on microwave and low temperature thermal desorption process for restoration of oil contaminated soil" Department of Environmental Engineering, Silla University, February 2008) It is complex in the operation and operation of the device because it has to go in and also build two or more different methods of device.

Therefore, in the present invention, the drying effect and pyrolysis effect of microwaves, and the residual wave leaking to form a high temperature of more than 700 ℃ to increase the recovery of oil-contaminated soil and the decomposition efficiency of heavy metals in one device.

The purpose of the present invention is to construct a microwave device continuously to improve the treatment efficiency of oil contaminated soil, and to block the leakage of the microwave by constructing a high temperature heating element capable of generating heat by absorbing the microwave at the inlet and outlet. In addition, it is possible to restore the oil polluted soil by using it as a heat source that generates high heat by using the microwave blocked and uses it as a heat source that can cause pyrolysis to the oil polluted soil without a secondary device and an auxiliary energy source accepted from the outside. The present invention provides an apparatus and method for restoring oil contaminated soil and removing heavy metals using microwaves and high-temperature heating elements characterized by increasing heavy metal decomposition efficiency.

By using the continuous microwave device according to the present invention to remove the initial moisture content of about 30% of the oil contaminated soil, in particular, it is possible to configure the atmosphere for the operator to work safely by blocking the leakage of the microwave The primary high temperature heating element 12 and the secondary high temperature heating element 13 capable of absorbing the leakage wave of the wave and generating heat are formed at the inlet and the outlet part, and water is contained in the primary high temperature heating element 12 at the inlet. First, drying and pyrolysis can be performed on the oil-contaminated soil, and inside the dryer, the pyrolysis effect of drying and TPH removal of oil-contaminated soil is about 2%, using the dielectric heating characteristics of the microwave. Finally, in the secondary high temperature heating element (13) of the discharge part, the contaminated soil in the first and second phases is completely pyrolyzed at a high temperature of 700 ° C. or higher. The chair of the contaminated soil remediation and heavy metal and exploded.

In particular, the high temperature generated by the primary high temperature heating element 12 and the secondary high temperature heating element 13 generates high temperature without fuel such as LNG, LPG, and bunker seed oil, thereby increasing energy efficiency and pyrolysis process in one device. By doing so, it has characteristics that can greatly increase the efficiency of oil pollution soil restoration and heavy metal decomposition.

According to a feature of the present invention for achieving the above object, in order to protect the microwave device and increase the efficiency, the vibrator sorter (1) before the initial introduction of the device in order to prevent the inflow of stones or other foreign matter into the microwave device The oil-contaminated soil input belt (2), which carries out the sorting operation and transfers it to the input hopper, and the input hopper (3) is installed to facilitate the input of oil-contaminated soil, and a certain amount of oil-contaminated soil is added and screwed. Conveying oil (4) transports the oil contaminated soil, it is composed of a fixed-quantity supply input unit, characterized in that the oil contaminated soil is installed to be introduced into the quantitative supply device (5) so as to have a quantitative and constant thickness and size. . The oil contaminated soils having a certain size and a certain amount fall on the Teflon belt feeder 6 and enter the microwave irradiation section. The teflon belt feeder (6) prevents the teflon belt feed drive motor (7) and the belt from being driven and drives the teflon belt and also maintains a constant tension on the teflon belt for smooth oil conveying soil. It is composed of a secondary tension control device (9) and a teflon belt secondary tension control device (10), characterized in that it is installed as a belt clear device (8) to remove the foreign matter on the Teflon belt transfer device (6) It consists of a Teflon belt conveying part.

Thus, the oil contaminated soil begins to be introduced into the chamber through the sorting input section and through the metered supply input section and the Teflon belt transfer section.

The microwave irradiation unit is composed of a microwave oscillation device (11), it is installed to operate in sequence as the oil contamination soil passes from the input section to the discharge section into the chamber.

When the initial oil contaminated soil begins to flow into the chamber, the microwave oscillator 11 on the primary high temperature heating element 12 starts to operate and the microwaves are absorbed by the primary high temperature heating element 12 to form a high temperature. The first stage of drying and pyrolysis begins in the oil contaminated soil below.

The microwave oscillation device 11 is provided with a magnetron 21, a transformer 22, a capacitor 23, and a blower 24.

The microwave thus made is injected into the chamber via the waveguide 14 and the trumpet-shaped waveguide 15, and the anti-reflection film (in order to prevent the residual wave of the microwave, which has not been absorbed by the oil-contaminated soil, flows back into the magnetron 21) 16).

Oil contaminated soils that have started the primary treatment are heated by a microwave injected from the microwave oscillation device 11 as it flows into the center of the chamber to generate heat by itself, and TPH is generated due to the secondary drying and strong electric field action. Start to fall. At this time, about 80% of the microwaves in the chamber are absorbed by the oil-contaminated soil to generate dielectric heating, but the remaining 20% remains in the chamber and flows back to the magnetron 21, or the remaining microwaves fall out of the chamber. It threatens the safety of me and the workers. At this time, in the input part into which the oil-contaminated soil is introduced, the primary high temperature heating element 12 absorbs the residual microwave and generates a high temperature of about 700 ° C. or higher, thereby performing primary drying and pyrolysis on the oil-contaminated soil that is continuously introduced. Will continue.

In order to prevent the residual microwaves generated from the microwave irradiation part from falling into the discharge part, a secondary high temperature heating element 13 is installed in the discharge part similarly to the input part to absorb the remaining microwaves to form a high temperature of 700 ° C. or higher and then pass through the discharge part. As a result, tertiary pyrolysis causes oil contaminated soil to be restored, and heavy metals are also decomposed.

Hereinafter, the drawings and detailed descriptions of configurations and operations and effects thereof that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from general technology in each drawing are briefly or omitted, and are shown based on parts related to the present invention.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram for the restoration of oil pollution soil and heavy metal removal device using a microwave and a high temperature heating element in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of the metering device 5 in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a detailed shape view of the primary high temperature heating element 12 and the secondary high temperature heating element 13 in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a detailed configuration diagram of the microwave oscillator box 11 including the magnetron 21 and the transformer 22, the capacitor 23, and the blower 24 in FIG.

5 is a detailed configuration diagram of the microwave waveguide 14, the trumpet-shaped waveguide 15, and the anti-reflection film 16 in FIG.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1..Vibrator Separator 2..Oil Pollution Soil Input Belt

3..hopper hopper 4..screw transfer device

5..Quantity supply device 6..Teflon belt feeder

7..Teflon belt feed drive motor 8 .. Belt clear device

9..Teflon belt primary tension control device 10..Teflon belt secondary tension control device

11..Microwave Oscillator 12 .. 1st High Temperature Heating Element

13..Second high temperature heating element 14..Waveguide

15. Trumpet waveguide 16. Anti-reflective film

21. Magnetron 22. Transbox

23. Capacitor 24. Blower

Claims (6)

A microwave continuous device that prevents leakage of 20% of the remaining microwaves that cannot be absorbed out of the chamber other than 80% of the microwaves that are absorbed by the oil-contaminated soil to generate dielectric heating, and the high temperature heating element absorbs the leaked residual microwaves. In the oil pollution soil restoration and heavy metal removal apparatus using a microwave and a high temperature heating element to restore the oil polluted soil and increase the efficiency of heavy metal decomposition by heating the vibrator sorter (1) for smooth treatment of oil polluted soil It is configured to prevent the inflow of stones or other foreign substances, and to supply the soil of a certain size to the device, and to supply the oil-contaminated soil input belt (2) to supply the input hopper (3) and the oil pollution thus supplied. Input hopper (3) and inputted to facilitate the input of soil Quantitative supply consisting of a screw feeder (4) for crushing, mixing, and transporting soil contaminated soil (4), and a quantitative supply (5) for making oil contaminated soil into a certain size and quantity to increase processing efficiency. An input unit; Foreign material on Teflon belt feeder (6), Teflon belt feed drive motor (7), Teflon belt primary tension control device (9), Teflon belt secondary tension control device (10), Teflon belt feeder (6) Teflon belt transfer unit, characterized in that installed as a belt clear device (8) to remove the; The primary processing unit, the microwave oscillation device 11, the waveguide 14 and the trumpet waveguide 15 through the primary high temperature heating element 12 formed on the Teflon belt feeder using the dielectric heating characteristics of the microwave Secondary treatment; The secondary high temperature heating element 13 absorbs that the microwaves generated while passing through the first and second drying parts are leaked out through the discharge part to generate high temperature heat to perform tertiary thermal desorption to the oil contaminated soil. It is composed of a tertiary treatment unit and a discharge unit for decomposing the residual heavy metal, it is an oil pollution soil restoration and heavy metal removal device using a microwave and a high temperature heating element. The method of claim 1, A primary heating element (12) and a secondary heating element (12) and a secondary heating element (12) and a high temperature heating element which generates heat by itself by absorbing microwaves are configured to prevent leakage of the microwave generated inside the chamber. 13) The material is made of one of SiC, Al2O3, ferrite, and carbon, and is made in a perforated form to increase the thermal efficiency by increasing the surface area for the absorption of more microwaves Oil pollution soil restoration and heavy metal removal device using wave and high temperature heating element. The method of claim 1, In the fixed-quantity supply device (5) other than the screw feeder (6) of the fixed-quantity supply input portion to create a groove of a certain size in the cylinder and the two cylinders are rotated by interlocking with each other to make a constant size and a certain amount of oil contaminated soil In this case, one of the two cylinders is fixed to the device and the other cylinder to move to the left and right, the oil pollution soil using a microwave and a high temperature heating element, characterized in that the input amount can be adjusted Restoration and removal of heavy metals. The method of claim 1, The teflon belt conveying part is for preventing the teflon belt from being biased onto the driving shaft or to one side due to oil pollution soils falling on the teflon belt conveying device (6). Device 9 and the Teflon belt secondary tension control device 10, and the installation of the belt clear device 8 in order to prevent foreign substances in oil-contaminated soils from remaining on the Teflon belt feeder. Oil pollution soil recovery and heavy metal removal apparatus using a microwave and a high temperature heating element. The method of claim 1, The microwave irradiation unit, which is the secondary drying unit, is configured as a trumpet-shaped waveguide 15 to prevent concentration of one place of the microwave and to spread it over a large area, and a reflected wave is formed inside the trumpet-shaped waveguide 15. Apparatus for restoring oil contaminated soil and removing heavy metals using microwave and high temperature heating element, characterized in that anti-reflective film 16 is installed to prevent reentry into magnetron 21. The method according to claim 1 and 5, By attaching the microwave oscillator box 11 to the waveguide 14 integrally to irradiate the microwaves, it is possible to increase the efficiency without causing electrical loss and also to leak from the magnetron 21 Restoration of oil contaminated soil and heavy metal removal device using a microwave and a high temperature heating element, characterized in that the safety device is configured to prevent the injection into the human body.

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