KR20070047731A - Method for purifying leachate of landfill and dewatering water of food waste - Google Patents

Method for purifying leachate of landfill and dewatering water of food waste Download PDF

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KR20070047731A
KR20070047731A KR1020060120143A KR20060120143A KR20070047731A KR 20070047731 A KR20070047731 A KR 20070047731A KR 1020060120143 A KR1020060120143 A KR 1020060120143A KR 20060120143 A KR20060120143 A KR 20060120143A KR 20070047731 A KR20070047731 A KR 20070047731A
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leachate
food waste
landfill
treatment
waste
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KR100815017B1 (en
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정재관
원종철
홍성균
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수도권매립지관리공사
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5209Regulation methods for flocculation or precipitation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2866Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
    • C02F3/2893Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors with biogas recycling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/02Temperature
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/06Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used

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Abstract

본 발명은 생활쓰레기 매립지에서 발생되는 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 처리과정에서 발생되는 탈리액을 효율적 · 경제적으로 정화처리하기 위한 방법으로서, 음식물류폐기물 탈리액을 질소처리에 적정한 수준까지 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 혼합하는 공정, 혐기성 소화공정으로 구성된 전처리 공정, 질소 및 유기물질을 제거하는 탈질/질산화공정, 황산제2철을 이용하여 잔류하는 난분해성 유기물질을 제거하는 화학응집공정 및 분말활성탄과 황산제2철과, 과산화수소수를 동시에 투입하여 색도를 제거하는 산화응집공정을 순차적으로 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하며, 기존에 주로 해양배출 처리하는 고농도 질소 및 난분해성 유기물질을 함유하고 있는 음식물류폐기물 탈리액을 침출수와 병합하여 처리함으로써 침출수 처리과정에서 발생되는 고가의 외부탄소원(메탄올) 사용비용을 대폭 절감하면서도 높은 처리효율을 가지며, 또한, 음식물류탈리액의 해양 배출로 인한 해양오염을 방지할 수 있는 효율적이고 경제적인 정화처리방법을 제공한다.The present invention is a method for efficiently and economically purifying the leachate generated in the household waste landfill and the food waste treatment process, the process of mixing the food waste desorbent with the landfill leachate to a level suitable for nitrogen treatment, Pretreatment process consisting of anaerobic digestion process, denitrification / nitrification process to remove nitrogen and organic substances, chemical agglomeration process to remove remaining hardly decomposable organic substances using ferric sulfate, powdered activated carbon and ferric sulfate, hydrogen peroxide Oxidation agglomeration process is carried out sequentially to remove chromaticity by simultaneously inputting water, and by treating food waste desorption liquid containing high concentration nitrogen and hardly decomposable organic substances, which are mainly treated for ocean discharge, by combining with leachate. High cost in leachate treatment An external carbon source (methanol) to significantly reduce the use cost while having a high processing efficiency, and also provides an efficient and economical purification treatment method which can prevent the marine pollution caused by marine emissions of Food talriaek.

매립지 침출수, 정화처리방법 Landfill Leachate, Purification Method

Description

생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법{Method For Purifying Leachate of Landfill and Dewatering Water of Food Waste} Method for Purifying Leachate of Landfill and Dewatering Water of Food Waste}

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 음식물류폐기물 탈리액과 생활쓰레기 매립지의 침출수를 병합처리하는 정화처리공정 전체 공정도 1 is a flow chart of the overall purification treatment step of treating the food waste waste desorbent and the leachate of domestic garbage landfill in accordance with the present invention

도 2는 혐기성소화 및 탈질/질산화 처리공정을 순차적으로 거친 처리수에 잔류된 난분해성 COD 및 색도를 제거하기 위한 화학응집 처리공정 및 분말활성탄을 동시에 투입하는 산화응집 처리공정도 2 is an oxidation coagulation treatment process for simultaneously injecting powdered activated carbon and a chemical agglomeration treatment process to remove hardly decomposable COD and chromaticity remaining in treated water sequentially undergoing anaerobic digestion and denitrification / nitrification treatment.

본 발명은 고농도 질소를 함유한 생활쓰레기 매립지의 침출수를 음식물류폐기물(음식물쓰레기) 처리과정에서 발생되는 탈리액과 혼합처리함으로써 효율성과 경제성을 확보할 수 있는 정화처리방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a purification treatment method that can ensure efficiency and economic efficiency by mixing the leachate of domestic waste landfill containing high concentration of nitrogen with the desorption liquid generated during the food waste treatment (food waste) process.

일반적으로 생활쓰레기 매립지에서 발생되는 침출수는 거의 일정한 수질특성을 유지하는 일반 생활하수와는 달리 매립되는 폐기물의 종류와 양, 매립지형과 방법, 강우량, 기후조건, 다짐정도 등에 따라 수질특성이 다양하게 나타나며, 특히, 매립기간이 경과됨에 따라 유기물질은 점차 감소되어 생물분해가 어려운 난분해성 상태로 전환되는 반면 질소는 증가되어 단일 처리공정으로는 적정한 처리가 매우 어려운 폐수이다.In general, unlike general household sewage that maintains almost constant water quality, the leachate generated from domestic garbage landfill has various water quality characteristics according to the type and quantity of landfill, landfill type and method, rainfall, climatic conditions, and compaction. In particular, as the landfill period elapses, the organic material gradually decreases and is converted into a difficult biodegradable state, while nitrogen is increased, making it difficult to properly treat a single treatment process.

상기 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 정화방법과 관련하여 살펴보면, 침출수 중에 함유된 고농도 질소의 효과적인 처리를 위해 미생물에 의한 처리방법을 적용하는 것이 일반적이며, 상기 미생물에 의한 질소처리를 위해서는 유기물질과 질소의 농도비(BOD/T-N)가 최소한 3 ~ 5 정도로 유지되어야 하나, 3년 이상 경과된 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 경우 대부분 그 농도비가 1 이하로 매우 낮아 적절한 질소처리를 위해서는 많은 양의 유기탄소원을 공급해야 하며, 유기탄소원으로 일반적으로 사용되는 메탄올은 고가여서 전반적인 침출수 처리비용이 증가되는 문제점이 있다. 또한, 매립 개시후 1 ~ 2 년이 경과된 초기에는 생물학적 처리 가능성(미생물에 의한 분해)을 나타내는 BOD/COD 비율이 0.4 이상 유지되고, 유기물 농도가 최대치를 보이므로 미생물에 의한 처리가 적합한 상태이나, 매립시간이 경과될수록 생쓰레기 분해과정에서 생성되는 암모니아성질소로 인해 질소농도는 증가되는 반면, 매립지 자체내의 자연 분해반응에 의해 유기물 농도는 오히려 낮아지며, 총 유기물질의 구성면에서 볼 때도 생물학적 처리가 가능한 유기물질의 점유율은 저하되는 반면 난분해성 유기물질의 점유율이 높아져 전반적으로 미생물에 의한 정상적인 질소처리 가 어렵게 된다.Looking at the method of purifying the landfill leachate of household waste, it is common to apply a treatment method by microorganisms for the effective treatment of the high concentration of nitrogen contained in the leachate, the concentration ratio of organic matter and nitrogen for the nitrogen treatment by the microorganisms (BOD / TN) should be maintained at least 3 to 5, but most of the landfill leachate that has been aged for more than 3 years has a very low concentration ratio of less than 1, and a large amount of organic carbon source must be supplied for proper nitrogen treatment. Methanol, which is generally used as an organic carbon source, is expensive and has a problem in that an overall leachate treatment cost is increased. In addition, since the BOD / COD ratio, which indicates the bioavailability (degradation by microorganisms), is maintained at 0.4 or more and the organic matter concentration is shown at an initial stage 1 to 2 years after the start of the landfill, However, as the landfill time passes, the nitrogen concentration increases due to the ammonia nitrogen produced during the decomposition of raw waste, but the organic concentration is lowered by the natural decomposition reaction in the landfill itself, and biological treatment is possible even in terms of the total organic matter composition. While the share of organic materials decreases, the share of difficult-decomposable organic materials increases, making it difficult for normal nitrogen treatment by microorganisms.

이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 기술로서, 집수조 내에 유입된 폐수 중에 함유된 유기탄소원을 사용하여 질산화된 질소를 제거하는 기술이 한국특허 432645호에 기재되어 있으나 폐수 중의 유기탄소원만으로는 유기물질(BOD)이 부족하여 충분히 질소를 제거할 수 없었으며, 또한, 폐수 중에 부족한 유기탄소원을 보충하기 위하여 외부탄소원으로 메탄올을 도입한 기술이 한국특허 436043호에 기재되어 있으나, 상술한 바와 같이, 메탄올은 현재 전량 수입에 의존하고 있으며, 가격 또한 고가이어서 전반적인 침출수 처리비용 상승의 주요 원인이 되고 있다.As a technique to solve this problem, a technique for removing nitrated nitrogen using an organic carbon source contained in the wastewater introduced into the sump is described in Korean Patent No. 432645, but the organic carbon source in the wastewater is insufficient in organic matter (BOD) alone. It was not possible to remove nitrogen sufficiently, and in addition, a technique of introducing methanol as an external carbon source in order to compensate for an insufficient organic carbon source in waste water is described in Korean Patent No. 436043. The price is high and the price is high, which is the main reason for the overall increase in leachate treatment costs.

이에 따라, 침출수에 함유되어 있는 질소를 미생물을 이용하여 제거하기 위한 외부탄소원으로써 고가인 메탄올을 대신할 수 있는 폐 TPA, 제당폐액 등의 사용방안들이 연구되어 왔으나, 폐 TPA는 고상으로 이를 외부탄소원으로 사용하기 위해서는 별도의 저장 및 용해장치가 필요할 뿐만 아니라, 용해시에도 일정량의 가성소다(NaOH) 투입을 통한 pH의 상승을 필요로 하는 문제점이 있다. 또한, 제당폐액은 발생량이 소량이어서 안정적인 공급이 어렵고, 별도의 공급시설 설치가 필요하며, 제당폐액의 투입으로 인하여 색도가 증가되는 문제점이 있다.Accordingly, the use of waste TPA, sugar waste liquor, etc., which can replace expensive methanol as an external carbon source for removing nitrogen contained in leachate using microorganisms, has been studied. In order to use it as well as a separate storage and dissolution apparatus, there is a problem that requires a rise in pH through input of a certain amount of caustic soda (NaOH) even when dissolved. In addition, since the amount of sugar waste liquid generated is small, it is difficult to supply a stable supply, it is necessary to install a separate supply facility, there is a problem that the color is increased due to the input of sugar waste liquid.

한편, 음식물류폐기물 탈리액은 표 1에 제시된 바와 같이 100,000 mg/L의 BOD, 150,000 mg/L의 COD, 3,000 mg/L의 T-N(총 질소) 및 150,000 mg/L의 고형물을 함유하는 등 유기물질의 농도가 매우 높고, 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수에 비하여 그 오염도도 매우 높다.On the other hand, food waste leachate contains 100,000 mg / L BOD, 150,000 mg / L COD, 3,000 mg / L TN (total nitrogen) and 150,000 mg / L solids as shown in Table 1. The concentration is very high and the pollution is also very high compared to the landfill leachate.

음식물류 탈리액과 침출수 수질특성 비교Comparison of Food Logarisate and Leachate Water Quality 구 분division 음식물류폐기물 탈리액Food Waste Desorption 침출원수 (최대치)Number of leaching sources (maximum) 침출수 대비 탈리액 오염도(배)Decontamination Contamination Compared to Leachate (Times) pH  pH 4.3 4.3 6.26.2 -- BOD  BOD 105,000 105,000 25,00025,000 4.44.4 CODCr COD Cr 175,000175,000 35,00035,000 5.05.0 부유물질  Suspended solids 150,000150,000 3,0003,000 5050 T-N  T-N 3,300 3,300 800800 4.14.1 NH4 +-N NH 4 + -N 400 400 500500 -- T-P  T-P 530 530 2020 2626 염분(Cl-) Salinity (Cl -) 7,900 7,900 5,0005,000 1.61.6

상기 음식물류폐기물 탈리액은 저류피트, 1 ~ 2차 탈수여액, 원심농축기 등의 처리공정에서 발생되는 탈리액이 혼합된 것으로 분석하였다.The food waste desorption liquid was analyzed as a mixture of the desorption liquid generated in the treatment process such as storage feet, primary and secondary dehydration liquids, and centrifugal concentrator.

상기 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 처리방법으로서 종래의 축산폐수, 분뇨, 침출수 등의 처리에 이용되는 혐기성소화법, 활성슬러지법 등의 생물학적 처리방법을 이용하는 경우, 과도한 유입부하량으로 인하여 산발효균, 메탄 생성균과 같은 혐기성소화균 뿐만 아니라 호기성 미생물인 박테리아나 니트로조모나스(nitrosomonas), 니트로박터(nitrobacter)와 같은 호기성 질소산화균들의 적정한 생장조건을 유지하기 어려운 문제점이 있다. 또한, 150,000 mg/L에 이르는 고형물로 인하여 호기성 미생물 처리시 필요한 3 ~ 5 mg/L의 산소 농도를 유지하기 어려운 문제점도 지적되고 있으며, 혐기성소화 및 활성슬러지 등 생물학적 처리수에는 3,000 mg/L 이상의 난분해성 COD, 1,000도 이상의 색도 잔류로 인하여 화학응집 및 산화, 활성탄 흡착, 역삼투 처리방법 등 별도의 물리화학적 처리를 요하는 등 기존의 처리방법으로 음식물류폐기물에서 발생되는 탈리액을 단독으로 처리하는 것은 매우 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 대부분은 해양으로 배출되고 있으며, 소량인 경우는 증발농축 등의 처리방법을 이용하여 육상에서도 처리되고 있으나, 해양배출시 해양오염 등의 문제점이 지적되고 있고 이에 대한 규제도 강화되고 있는 추세이며, 육상처리시에는 톤당 20만원 ~ 30만원의 과도한 처리비용이 소요되는 문제점이 있다.When the biological waste treatment method such as anaerobic digestion, activated sludge, etc. used in the conventional treatment of livestock waste, manure, leachate, etc. is used as a treatment method of the food waste desorbing liquid, acid fermentation bacteria, methane-producing bacteria, etc. As well as anaerobic digestive bacteria, there are problems that it is difficult to maintain proper growth conditions of aerobic microorganisms such as aerobic bacteria, nitrosomonas, and nitrobacter. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain the oxygen concentration of 3 ~ 5 mg / L required for aerobic microorganism treatment due to the solids of 150,000 mg / L, and more than 3,000 mg / L in biological treatment water such as anaerobic digestion and activated sludge Treatment of detachment from food waste alone by conventional treatment methods such as chemically coagulation and oxidation, activated carbon adsorption, and reverse osmosis treatment methods due to difficult decomposition COD and color residue of more than 1,000 degrees It is very difficult. Therefore, most of the food waste desorption liquid is discharged to the ocean, and in case of small amounts, it is processed on land using treatment methods such as evaporative concentration, but problems such as marine pollution when discharging the ocean are pointed out, and regulations on this are reinforced. There is a problem that, in the case of land treatment, there is a problem that excessive processing cost of 200,000 ~ 300,000 won per ton.

본 발명은 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수를 음식물류폐기물 탈리액과 병합하여 처리함으로써 침출수 처리과정에서 발생되는 메탄올 사용비용을 절감하고, 탈리액의 해양 배출로 인한 해양오염을 방지할 수 있는 더욱 개선된 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법을 제공한다.The present invention reduces the cost of using methanol generated during the leachate treatment process by treating the landfill leachate with food waste waste leachate, and further improves the landfill leachate that can prevent marine pollution due to marine discharge of the leachate. Provided is a method for the combined purification of food waste waste leaving liquid.

구체적으로, 본 발명에서 메탄올을 대신하는 유기탄소원으로 사용하는 음식물류폐기물 탈리액은 중금속 등 유해물질의 함량은 매우 낮으면서도 생물분해를 용이하게 하는 유기물질을 다량 함유하고 있으며, 생활쓰레기 매립지에서 발생되는 침출수와 성상이 유사한 액상의 상태이므로, 생활쓰레기 매립지의 침출수 정화처리 과정에서 별도의 전처리 시설이 필요 없이 직접 외부탄소원으로 활용할 수 있어 저비용으로 고효율의 침출수 처리효율을 기대할 수 있다. Specifically, the food waste desorption liquid used as an organic carbon source in place of methanol in the present invention contains a large amount of organic substances that facilitate biodegradation even though the content of harmful substances such as heavy metals is very low, and leachate generated from landfills of household waste Since the liquid phase is similar to the liquid phase, the leachate can be directly used as an external carbon source without the need for a separate pretreatment facility in the leachate treatment process of landfills. Therefore, high efficiency leachate treatment efficiency can be expected at low cost.

따라서 본 발명의 목적은, 고농도 유기물질을 함유하며, 생활쓰레기 매립지의 침출수와 성상이 유사한 액상의 상태로서 별도의 전처리 시설이 필요없는 음식물류폐기물 탈리액을 직접 활용함으로써 전처리 비용을 절감하며, 동시에 외부탄소 원으로서 메탄올 대신 탈리액에 함유되어 있는 고농도의 유기물질을 사용함으로써 그동안 침출수만 처리하였을 때 발생되었던 고가의 침출수 처리비용을 획기적으로 절감하는 저비용 고효율의 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법을 제공하는데 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce the pretreatment cost by directly using the food waste desorption liquid containing a high concentration of organic materials and having a similar state to the leachate of landfill landfill, which does not require a separate pretreatment facility, and at the same time, external carbon Combined purification method of low-cost and high-efficiency household waste landfill leachate and food waste desorption solution that drastically reduces the cost of expensive leachate treatment when only leachate is treated by using high concentration of organic materials contained in the leachate instead of methanol. To provide.

본 발명의 또 다른 목적은, 그 동안 고농도로 인해 육상처리에 어려움이 있고, 육상처리시의 고비용으로 인하여 해양으로 배출되어 온 음식물류폐기물 탈리액을 저비용으로 육상처리 할 수 있도록 함으로써, 비용절감효과 이외에도 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 해양배출로 인한 해양오염 문제도 함께 해결할 수 있는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법을 제공하는데 있다.Another object of the present invention, there is a difficulty in land treatment due to the high concentration in the meantime, by allowing food waste waste detachment liquid discharged to the sea due to the high cost during the land treatment can be processed at low cost, food logistics in addition to the cost reduction effect The present invention provides a method for purifying and treating waste landfill leachate and food waste desorption solution that can also solve the marine pollution problem caused by marine discharge of waste desorption liquid.

본 발명은 상기 목적들을 달성하기 위하여 5년 이상 경과되어 미생물에 의해 분해 가능한 유기물질 함량이 매우 낮은(BOD, COD 500 mg/L 이하) 생활쓰레기 매립지에서 발생되는 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 처리과정에서 발생되는 150,000 mg/L 이상의 COD와 부유물질 및 3,000 mg/L 이상의 질소를 함유하고 있는 탈리액을 질소처리에 적정한 수준까지 병합처리하는 혼합공정, 혼합된 침출수와 탈리액을 탈질/질산화에 적정한 수준까지 소화하는 혐기성 소화공정, 혐기성소화과정을 통해서 잔류된 유기물질을 이용하여 질소를 제거하는 탈질/질산화공정, 탈질/질산화공정을 거친 처리수에 잔류하는 생물분해가 어려운 난분해성 유기물질을 응집제인 황산제2철과 응집보조제인 음이온 계통의 고분자응집제를 첨가시켜 응집하여 침전제거하는 화학응집공정 및 황산제2철과 과산화수소와 분말활성탄을 동시에 첨가시켜 화학응 집처리수에 잔류된 유기물질 및 색도를 제거하는 산화응집공정을 순차적으로 실시하는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention has been developed in the process of treating leachate and food waste generated from landfills with very low organic matters (BOD, COD 500 mg / L or less) that can be decomposed by microorganisms after at least 5 years. Anaerobic digestion process that combines the desorption solution containing more than 150,000 mg / L of COD and suspended solids and more than 3,000 mg / L of nitrogen to the appropriate level for nitrogen treatment, and digests the mixed leachate and desorption solution to the level suitable for denitrification / nitrification Ferric sulfate, a coagulant, which is difficult to decompose in biodegradable organic substances remaining in the treated water which has undergone the denitrification / nitrification process that removes nitrogen by using residual organic materials through the digestion process and anaerobic digestion process. Chemical agglomeration process and ferric sulfate to remove and precipitate by adding a polymer coagulant of anion type as a coagulant aid The present invention provides a method for the combined purification and treatment of domestic waste landfill leachate and food waste desorption solution, which is performed by sequentially adding hydrogen peroxide and powdered activated carbon to remove the organic matter and color remaining in the chemical coagulated water.

그리고, 상기 정화처리방법에서, 산화응집 전 단계에 황산제이철을 이용한 화학응집공정을 실시함으로써 난분해성 유기물질과 색도를 효과적으로 제거하고, 산화응집공정에서 기존에 산화제인 과산화수소수의 반응성 증대를 위하여 촉매제로 사용되어 왔던 황산제일철을 황산제이철로 대체함으로써, COD 및 색도는 황산제일철 사용시와 유사한 처리효율을 나타내면서도 슬러지의 침강성을 개선하여 처리수의 부유물질 농도를 저하하며, 또한, 분말활성탄을 투입함으로써 부유물질, COD, 색도가 대폭 저하되도록 하는 것이 본 발명의 또 다른 목적이라고 할 수 있다.In the above purification process, the chemical coagulation process using ferric sulfate is performed before the oxidation coagulation step to effectively remove the hardly decomposable organic substance and the color, and to increase the reactivity of the hydrogen peroxide solution as the oxidant in the oxidation coagulation step. By replacing ferrous sulfate, which has been used as ferric sulfate, COD and chromaticity show similar treatment efficiency as ferrous sulfate, but improve sedimentation of sludge, lowering the concentration of suspended solids in treated water, and adding powdered activated carbon. It is another object of the present invention to significantly reduce the suspended solids, COD, and chromaticity.

본 발명의 특징은 첨부도면에 의거한 다음의 상세한 설명에 의하여 더욱 명확하게 이해할 수 있을 것이다.The features of the present invention will be more clearly understood by the following detailed description based on the accompanying drawings.

첨부도면은 본 발명에 따른 생활쓰레기 매립지의 침출수 정화처리방법의 구체적인 실시 예를 도시한 것으로서, 도 1은 본 발명의 전체 처리공정인 집수조 혼합공정, 혐기성소화공정, 탈질/질산화 공정, 화학응집공정, 산화응집공정을 보여주는 것이다.The accompanying drawings show a specific embodiment of the leachate purification treatment method of landfills according to the present invention, Figure 1 is a total treatment process of the collection tank, anaerobic digestion process, denitrification / nitrification process, chemical coagulation process This shows the oxidation coagulation process.

도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 음식물류폐기물 처리과정에서 발생되는 탈리액을 탈리액저류조(1)로부터 혼합집수조(5)로 집수되도록 하고, 생활쓰레기 매립지에서 발생되는 침출수를 추출관(3)과 이송관(4)을 통하여 혼합집수조(5)로 집수되도록 하여 혼합시켜 주는 침출수 혼합공정(5)을 실시하게 된다. 즉, 고농도의 음식물류폐기물 탈리액과 생활쓰레기 매립지에서 발생되는 매립년수가 5년 이상 된 침출수를 혼합하여 주는 공정을 실시하고 혐기성 소화(6)를 실시하는 것이 본 발명의 중요한 특징이라 할 수 있다.As shown in FIG. 1, the desorption liquid generated in the food waste treatment process is collected from the desorption liquid storage tank 1 to the mixed collection tank 5, and the leachate generated in the household waste landfill is extracted in the extraction pipe 3 and the transfer pipe 4. The leachate mixing step (5) is carried out so that the water is collected by the mixing tank (5) and mixed. In other words, it is an important feature of the present invention to perform a process of mixing a high concentration of food waste desorption liquid and leachate of 5 years or more of landfill generated from domestic waste landfill and performing anaerobic digestion (6).

특히, 난분해성 유기물질과 질소 함량이 높은 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 상대적으로 생물분해가 용이하며 유기물질의 함량이 높고 질소함량은 낮은 음식물류폐기물 탈리액을 1 대 0.8 ~ 1.2 의 비율로 혼합한 후 혐기성 소화처리하는 일련의 과정을 통하여 유기물질과 질소의 농도(BOD/NH4 +-N)비가 4.5 ~ 5.5 대 1 의 비율로 유지되도록 조절하여 주며, 따라서 종래에는 탈질/질산화공정(7)을 실시할 때 별도로 투입해 주어야 했던 메탄올과 같은 고가의 외부탄소원을 투입시키지 않고도 탈질/질산화공정을 통한 질소처리 목적을 달성할 수 있게 된다.In particular, anaerobic digestion is performed after mixing leachate with poorly degradable organic matter and domestic waste landfill leachate with high nitrogen content and food waste degreasing solution with high organic matter content and low nitrogen content in a ratio of 1 to 0.8 to 1.2. Through a series of processes to control the concentration of organic matter and nitrogen (BOD / NH 4 + -N) ratio is maintained at a ratio of 4.5 ~ 5.5 to 1, therefore, in the conventional denitrification / nitrification process (7) It is possible to achieve the purpose of nitrogen treatment through the denitrification / nitrification process without introducing an expensive external carbon source such as methanol, which had to be separately added.

상기와 같은 혐기성소화공정과 탈질/질산화공정을 보다 구체적으로 설명하면 다음과 같다.The anaerobic digestion process and the denitrification / nitridation process as described above will be described in more detail.

상기 혐기성소화공정(6)은 소화조에 유입된 침출수와 탈리액의 혼합수중에 함유된 유기물을 혐기성 조건하에서 산생성균과 메탄생성균으로 구성된 혐기성 미생물에 의한 소화분해가 일어나도록 하는 처리공정으로서, Clostridum, Peptococcus anaerobus 등으로 구성된 산생성균은 먼저 유기물질을 분해하여 낙산(Butyric acid), 젖산(Lactic acid), 아세트산(Acetic acid)과 같은 유기산과 알 콜을 생성하고, 생성된 유기산과 초산류는 메탄생성균에 의해서 최종적으로 CH4와 CO2로 분해된다.The anaerobic digestion process (6) is a process for causing the digestion of the organic matter contained in the mixed water of the leachate and the leachate introduced into the digester by the anaerobic microorganism consisting of acid-producing bacteria and methane-producing bacteria under the anaerobic conditions, Clostridum, Peptococcus Acid-producing bacteria composed of anaerobus, etc. first decompose organic substances to produce organic acids and alcohols such as butyric acid, lactic acid and acetic acid, and the generated organic acids and acetic acid are added to methane-producing bacteria. Finally decomposes into CH 4 and CO 2 .

상기 혐기성소화조에 대한 구체적인 운전방법은 우선 침출수와 1 대 0.8 ~ 1.2 의 비율로 혼합된 탈리액을 소화조에 투입한 후 중온 소화온도인 32 ~ 38 ℃ 에서 10일간 소화시키는 과정을 거치도록 하는 것인데, 이 과정을 통해서 탈리액에 함유되어 있는 유기물질의 60 ~ 70 % 가 제거되며, 탈리액 중에 함유되어 있는 단백질 형태의 유기성 질소분(organic nitrogen)이 암모니아성 질소(NH4 +-N)로 전환되어 후단공정인 탈질/질산화에 적합한 수준인 유기물질과 질소의 농도(BOD/NH4 +-N)비가 4.5 ~ 5.5 대 1의 비율로 유지되도록 조절하여 주는 역할을 하게 된다.The specific operation method for the anaerobic digestion tank is to put the leachate mixed with leachate at a ratio of 0.8 to 1.2 in the digester and then digest it for 10 days at 32 to 38 ℃, which is a medium temperature digestion temperature. Through the process, 60 ~ 70% of the organic substance contained in the desorption liquid is removed, and the organic nitrogen in the form of protein in the desorption liquid is converted into ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 + -N) to It controls the concentration of organic material and nitrogen (BOD / NH 4 + -N), which is a level suitable for denitrification / nitrification, to be maintained at a ratio of 4.5 to 5.5 to 1.

상기 탈질/질산화 공정(7)은 우선 암모니아성질소 상태로 탈질조에 유입된 침출수가 후단에 설치된 질산화조로 유입되어 질산성질소로 산화되고, 상기 질산성질소는 전단부에 설치된 탈질조로 반송되어 탈질균에 의해 질소가스로 대기중으로 탈기하여 제거하는 공정이며, 생물학적 질산화 과정에서는 Nitrosomonas와 Nitrobacter로 구성된 질산화 미생물에 의해서 암모니아성질소가 질산성질소로 산화된다.In the denitrification / nitridation process (7), first, the leachate introduced into the denitrification tank in ammonia nitrogen state is introduced into the nitrification tank installed at the rear stage and oxidized to nitrate nitrogen, and the nitrate nitrogen is returned to the denitrification tank installed at the front end to denitrification bacteria. It is a process of degassing and removing it into the atmosphere by nitrogen gas. In the biological nitrification process, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to nitric acid by nitrifying microorganisms composed of Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter.

· NH4 + + 1.502 → 2H+ + H2O + NO2 - + 58 ~ 84 Kcal → Nitrosomonas · NH 4 + + 1.50 2 → 2H + + H 2 O + NO 2 - + 58 ~ 84 Kcal → Nitrosomonas

· NO2 - + 0.502 → NO3 - + 15 ~ 21 Kcal → Nitrobacter · NO 2 - + 0.50 2 → NO 3 - + 15 ~ 21 Kcal → Nitrobacter

또한, 생물학적 탈질은 질산화 과정에서 생성된 NO2 -, NO3 - 등을 무산소 상태에서 산소대신 전자수용체로 사용하여 최종적으로 N2나 N2O, NO 등으로 환원시켜 대기중으로 방출하는 공정으로, 탄소원이 존재할 때 발생되는 탈질 반응은Also, biological denitrification is the NO 2 generated in the nitrification process -, NO 3 -, etc. In the oxygen-free state in a step of finally released to the atmosphere reduced to N 2 or N 2 O, NO, etc., using as an electron acceptor instead of oxygen, The denitrification reaction that occurs when a carbon source is present

· NO3 - + 1/3 CH3OH → NO2 - + 1/3 CO2 + 2/3H2O · NO 3 - + 1/3 CH 3 OH → NO 2 - + 1/3 CO 2 + 2 / 3H 2 O

· NO2 - + 1/2 CH3OH → N2 + 1/2 CO2 + 1/2 H2O + OH- · NO 2 - + 1/2 CH 3 OH → N 2 + 1/2 CO 2 + 1/2 H 2 O + OH -

· NO3 - + 5/6 CH3OH → 1/2 N2 + 5/6CO2 + 7/6H2O + OH- · NO 3 - + 5/6 CH 3 OH → 1/2 N 2 + 5 / 6CO 2 + 7 / 6H 2 O + OH -

와 같이 진행되며, 1 g의 NO3 --N 을 환원하는데 필요한 메탄올의 양은 1.9 g(2.869 gCOD) 정도이다.Proceed as follows, the amount of methanol required to reduce 1 g of NO 3 -- N is about 1.9 g (2.869 gCOD).

그러나 본 발명의 상기 공정에서는 별도의 메탄올 투입없이 앞서 혐기성소화공정에서 유기물질과 질소의 농도(BOD/NH4 +-N)비가 4.5 ~ 5.5 대 1의 비율로 유지되도록 처리된 탈리액과 침출수의 혼합액이 유입되도록 하며, 이것이 본 공정의 가장 큰 특징이라 할 수 있고, 후술하는 바와 같이 구성된 본 공정을 통하여 평균 90 % 까지 질소를 제거할 수 있게 된다.In the above process of the present invention, however, the mixed solution of the leachate and the leachate treated to maintain the concentration of organic matter and nitrogen (BOD / NH 4 + -N) at a ratio of 4.5 to 5.5 to 1 in the anaerobic digestion process without additional methanol injection. This can be said to be the biggest feature of the present process, it is possible to remove nitrogen to an average of 90% through the present process configured as described below.

본 공정을 보다 자세히 살펴보면, 탈질/질산화 반응조는 2개조로 설치된 탈질조(7-1)와 5개조로 설치된 질산화조(7-2)를 포함하여 총 7개의 반응조로 구성되며, 탈질/질산화 반응조에는 항상 8,000 ~ 12,000 mg/L 정도의 일정한 량의 미생물 농도를 유지해야 하므로 질산화조에서 탈질조까지의 재순환이 필요하게 된다. 즉 침전조(7-3)에서 농축된 미생물의 재순환은 외부반송이라 하며 외부반송율은 침전조의 과도한 수면적부하를 방지하기 위하여 탈질/질산화 반응조에 유입되는 유입수량을 기준으로 100 ~ 200 %를 실시하고, 질산화조(7-2)에서 탈질조(7-1)로 실시하는 재순환은 내부반송이라 하며 내부반송율은 반송을 위한 펌프의 설치용량, 최대 탈질율 등을 고려하여 탈질/질산화 반응조에 유입되는 유입수량을 기준으로 700 ~ 900 %까지 실시한다. Looking at this process in more detail, the denitrification / nitrification reaction tank consists of a total of seven reaction tanks, including the denitrification tank (7-1) installed in two tanks and the nitrification tank (7-2) installed in five tanks, denitrification / nitrification reactor In order to maintain a constant concentration of microorganisms of about 8,000 ~ 12,000 mg / L always requires a recycling from nitrification tank to denitrification tank. In other words, the recycling of the microorganisms concentrated in the settling tank (7-3) is called external transfer, and the external transfer rate is 100 to 200% based on the amount of inflow into the denitrification / nitrification reactor to prevent excessive surface area load of the settling tank. The recycling carried out from the nitrification tank (7-2) to the denitrification tank (7-1) is called internal conveyance. The internal conveyance rate is the inflow that enters the denitrification / nitrification reaction tank considering the pump's installation capacity and the maximum denitrification rate. Based on the quantity, up to 700 to 900%.

상기 탈질/질산화 반응조는 본 공정에서 가장 중요한 주 처리공정으로서, 질산화율과 탈질율을 일정하게 유지하기 위해서는 반응조에 서식하는 미생물이 항상 최적의 상태를 유지하여야 하는데, 이를 위하여 여러가지 미생물 생육조건을 적정 수준으로 설치하는 것이 중요하다. 우선 탈질/질산화 반응조에 서식하는 미생물의 생육에 가장 중요한 수온은 여름철에는 탈질/질산화 미생물의 생장 한계인 최대 43 ℃를 넘지 않도록 하며, 겨울철에도 항상 최저 25 ℃ 이상이 유지되도록 해야한다. 이러한 적정 수온을 유지하기 위하여 탈질 반응조 및 질산화 반응조는 콘크리트 구조물로 설치하고, 상부에는 덮개면적의 약 5% 정도의 개폐식 개구부를 설치하여 여름철 수온의 상승시는 개구부를 열어주고 겨울철에는 닫아주는 방식으로 조절하여 항시 적정한 수온이 유지되도록 한다. 또한 반응조의 수심은 6.5 ~ 7.5 m로 이중 5 ~ 6 m까지는 지하에 위치하도록 설치하며, 수면과 덮개 상부까지의 여유 높이를 1.5 ~ 2.0 m 범위 이상 유지시켜 겨울철 수온저하를 방지토록 한다. 탈질 반응조에는 수중교반기만을 설치하여 용존산소 농도 0.5 mg/L 이하의 무산소 조건 을 유지함으로써, 질산성질소의 질소가스(N2 또는 N2O)로의 환원이 용이하도록 하며, 질산화 반응조에는 충분한 산소를 공급하고, 미생물과 오염물질간의 접촉이 용이하도록 기계식 교반기와 공기공급을 위한 산기관을 동시에 설치하여 용존산소 농도가 3 ~ 5 mg/L로 유지되도록 한다. 상기 탈질/질산화 공정을 거친 처리수는 순차적으로 화학응집공정으로 유입되도록 한다.The denitrification / nitrification reaction tank is the most important process in this process. In order to maintain the nitrification rate and the denitrification rate constantly, the microorganisms living in the reaction tank must always maintain the optimal state. It is important to install. First of all, the most important water temperature for the growth of the microorganisms in the denitrification / nitrification tank should not exceed the maximum limit of denitrification / nitrification microorganisms in the summer of 43 ℃ and always keep the minimum 25 ℃ even in the winter. In order to maintain the proper water temperature, the denitrification reactor and the nitrification reactor are installed in a concrete structure, and the opening and closing opening of about 5% of the cover area is installed on the upper part, so that the opening is opened when the water temperature rises in the summer and closed in the winter. Always keep the proper water temperature. In addition, the depth of the reaction tank is 6.5 ~ 7.5 m, of which 5 to 6 m is to be installed underground, and the height of the water surface and the upper part of the cover is maintained above 1.5 ~ 2.0 m to prevent the temperature drop in winter. By installing only an agitator in the denitrification tank to maintain anoxic conditions with a dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.5 mg / L or less, it is easy to reduce nitrogen nitrate to nitrogen gas (N 2 or N 2 O) and supply sufficient oxygen to the nitrification reactor. In order to facilitate contact between microorganisms and contaminants, a mechanical stirrer and an acid pipe for air supply are installed at the same time to maintain the dissolved oxygen concentration at 3 to 5 mg / L. The treated water that has undergone the denitrification / nitridation process is sequentially introduced into the chemical agglomeration process.

화학응집공정(8)은 상기 탈질/질산화공정을 거친 처리수에 잔류되어 있는 난분해성 유기물질과 색도, 부유물질 등을 처리하기 위한 공정으로서, 최적의 응집조건인 반응pH 5.0 ~ 5.5로 유지시키기 위해 황산(H2SO4)를 첨가하고 동시에 응집제인 황산제이철(Fe2(SO4)3)을 3가 철(Fe3+) 기준으로 300 ~ 350 mgFe3+/L 투입하고 이후 15 ~ 25 분 동안 약 150rpm 정도의 급속 교반과정을 거치도록 하며, 응집제인 황산제이철이 혼합된 처리수에 응집보조제인 음이온계통의 고분자응집제를 5 ~ 15 mg/L정도 투입하여 6 ~ 14 분 동안 약 50 rpm 정도로 완속 교반하고 황산제이철과 고분자응집제가 혼합된 반응수를 2시간 동안 침전시킨 후 침전된 슬러지는 탈수처리하고, 상등수(상측에 위치하는 처리수)는 자연유하 방식으로 산화응집공정으로 유입시킨다.The chemical coagulation process (8) is a process for treating hardly decomposable organic substances, colors, and suspended solids remaining in the treated water which has undergone the denitrification / nitrification process. Hazardous sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) is added and at the same time the coagulant ferric sulfate (Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) 300 ~ 350 mgFe 3 + / L based on trivalent iron (Fe 3+ ) and 15 ~ 25 A rapid stirring process of about 150rpm is carried out for about 5 minutes, and 5 ~ 15 mg / L of anionic coagulant as a coagulant is added to the treated water mixed with ferric sulfate, which is about 50 rpm for 6 to 14 minutes. After slow stirring to about 2 hours, the reaction water mixed with ferric sulfate and the polymer coagulant was precipitated for 2 hours, and the precipitated sludge was dehydrated, and the supernatant water (treated water located on the upper side) was introduced into the oxidation coagulation process in a natural flow method.

산화응집공정(9)은 상기 화학응집공정을 거친 처리수에 잔류되는 난분해성 유기물질과 색도를 제거하기 위한 공정으로서, 상기 화학응집공정을 거친 처리수에 황산제이철과 과산화수소와 pH조절제(황산)를 동시에 투입하여 반응pH를 3 ~ 4 범위로 유지하도록 하며 3 ~ 4시간 동안 약 150rpm으로 급속 교반한다. 이때 황산제 일철은 3가 철(Fe3+) 기준으로 200 ~ 300 mgFe2+/L의 농도로 투입하며, 과산화수소수는 50 ~ 70 mgH2O2/L 농도로 투입하여 산화반응을 유도한다. 그리고, 황산제이철과 과산화수소수가 투입되는 급속 반응조에 분말활성탄(Φ 0.1mm 이하) 200 ~ 300 mg/L 를 함께 투입하여 반응성을 증가시키고 슬러지의 침강성을 증가시키도록 한다. 상기 반응과정을 실시한 후 가성소다(NaOH)를 사용하여 pH가 6 ~ 7범위로 유지되도록 중화단계를 거치고 약 50 rpm 정도의 완속교반시 음이온계통의 응집보조제인 고분자응집제(anion polymer)를 약 5 ~ 15 mg/L 투입하여 슬러지의 침강성이 증대되도록 한다. 이와 같이 분말활성탄을 동시에 투입함으로써 부유물질은 50 ~ 70% 저하된 5 ~ 7 mg/L, COD는 50 ~ 60 % 저하된 50 ~ 60 mg/L, 색도는 80 ~ 90 % 저하된 10 ~ 20 도까지 저하되며, 기존에 약 30분 정도인 산화응집 반응시간을 3 ~ 4 시간까지 충분히 증가시킴으로써 그동안 산화응집 반응과정에서 발생되었던 잔류 과산화수소수에 의한 악영향(침전된 슬러지의 부상, 처리수의 유기물질 증가 등)을 최소화한다. 본 공정을 통하여 침전된 슬러지는 농축과정을 거쳐 탈수처리하고, 상등수(상측에 위치하는 처리수)는 최종처리수조를 거쳐 방류되게 된다.Oxidation coagulation process (9) is a process for removing hardly decomposable organic substances and colors remaining in the treated water after the chemical coagulation process, ferric sulfate, hydrogen peroxide and pH regulator (sulfuric acid) in the treated water undergoing the chemical coagulation process At the same time to keep the reaction pH in the range 3 ~ 4 and rapidly stirred at about 150rpm for 3 to 4 hours. At this time, ferrous sulfate is added at a concentration of 200 to 300 mgFe 2+ / L based on trivalent iron (Fe 3+ ), and hydrogen peroxide is added at a concentration of 50 to 70 mgH 2 O 2 / L to induce an oxidation reaction. . In addition, 200 ~ 300 mg / L of powdered activated carbon (Φ 0.1mm or less) is added together in a rapid reaction tank into which ferric sulfate and hydrogen peroxide water are added to increase the reactivity and increase the sedimentation of the sludge. After the reaction process, the caustic soda (NaOH) is used to undergo a neutralization step so that the pH is maintained in the range of 6-7, and anion polymer, which is a coagulant aid of anion system, is stirred at about 50 rpm. Add ~ 15 mg / L to increase the sedimentation of sludge. In this way, by adding powdered activated carbon simultaneously, suspended solids are reduced by 50 to 70%, 5 to 7 mg / L, COD is reduced by 50 to 60%, 50 to 60 mg / L, and chromaticity is reduced by 80 to 90%. It is lowered to a degree, and the reaction time of about 30 minutes is sufficiently increased to 3 to 4 hours, thereby adversely affecting the residual hydrogen peroxide water generated during the oxidation coagulation reaction (precipitation of precipitated sludge, organic treatment of treated water). Material increase, etc.) The sludge precipitated through this process is dehydrated through the concentration process, and the supernatant water (treated water located on the upper side) is discharged through the final treatment tank.

아래 표 2에서 나타낸 바와 같이 본 발명공정을 이용하여 고농도 난분해성 유기물질과 질소를 함유하고 있는 음식물류폐기물 탈리액과 침출수를 혼합한 폐수를 처리한 결과 난분해성 유기물질의 처리효율은 99.5 %, 질소의 처리효율은 95.5 %로 매우 높게 나타났으며, 이는 본 발명이 유기탄소원으로 메탄올을 사용하던 종래의 침출수 정화방법에 비해 높은 처리효율을 나타냄을 의미한다.As shown in Table 2 below, the treatment efficiency of the non-degradable organic substance was 99.5% and nitrogen was treated using the present invention by treating the wastewater mixed with the food waste leachate containing leachate and the leachate containing the highly concentrated non-degradable organic substance and nitrogen. The treatment efficiency was found to be very high at 95.5%, which means that the present invention shows a higher treatment efficiency than the conventional leachate purification method using methanol as an organic carbon source.

항목 구분 Item division 유 입 수Yu can 처 리 수Number of treatments 처리효율(%)Processing efficiency (%) 메탄올만 사용시When using only methanol 탈리액과 혼합처리시When mixed with desorption solution 메탄올만 사용시When using only methanol 탈리액과 혼합처리시When mixed with desorption solution 메탄올만 사용시When using only methanol 탈리액과 혼합처리시When mixed with desorption solution BOD (mg/L)BOD (mg / L) 1,0001,000 30,00030,000 66 66 99.499.4 99.999.9 CODcr (mg/L)CODcr (mg / L) 2,0002,000 40,00040,000 210210 180180 89.589.5 99.599.5 T-N (mg/L)T-N (mg / L) 1,5001,500 2,0002,000 130130 9090 91.391.3 95.595.5

상기 BOD, CODCr, T-N의 분석방법은 환경부 고시 환경오염공정시험방법에 의하여 분석하였다.The analysis method of the BOD, CODCr, T-N was analyzed by the environmental pollution process test method announced by the Ministry of Environment.

본 발명은 생활쓰레기 매립지의 침출수와 그동안 고농도 난분해성 유기물질과 질소를 함유하여 육상처리시 많은 처리비용의 소요로 대부분이 해양으로 배출되어 해양 오염의 주요 원인이 되어왔던 음식물류폐기물 탈리액을 처리함에 있어서, 이들 두 종류의 고농도 악성폐수를 혼합함으로써 저비용의 고효율적인 처리를 실현한 부분이 가장 큰 발명의 효과라고 할 수 있다.The present invention contains the leachate of domestic garbage landfill and high concentrations of non-degradable organic substances and nitrogen so far in the treatment of food waste desorption liquid which has been discharged to the ocean as a major cause of marine pollution due to the large amount of treatment cost. The most significant effect of this invention is the realization of low cost and high efficiency treatment by mixing these two types of high concentration malignant wastewater.

구체적으로, 음식물류폐기물 탈리액은 침출수와 성상이 유사한 액상의 상태로 생활쓰레기 매립지의 침출수 정화처리 과정에서 별도의 전처리 시설이 필요 없이 직접 외부탄소원으로 활용할 수 있으므로, 본 발명에 의하는 경우 전처리에 소요되는 비용을 절감할 수 있게 된다. Specifically, the food waste desorption liquid can be used directly as an external carbon source in the leachate purification process of landfills in domestic wastes in a liquid state similar in appearance to the leachate, so that it can be directly used as an external carbon source. The cost can be reduced.

또한, 종래에는 고농도 질소를 처리하기 위한 유기탄소원으로 고가인 메탄올을 별도로 투입해 왔으나, 본 발명에서는 상기 메탄올을 음식물류폐기물 탈리액으로 전량 대체하여 침출수와 혼합·처리함으로써 침출수 처리비용을 대폭 절감할 수 있도록 하여 저비용으로 고효율의 침출수 처리효율을 기대할 수 있다. 본 발명을 통하여 실현되는 처리비용의 절감은 아래 표 3에 나타낸 바와 같이 순수한 절감비용으로 환산할 경우 톤당 약 25,200원 정도로 국내에서 발생되는 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 양(약 5,000톤/일)을 고려할 때, 그 비용은 연간 약 450억원에 이를 것으로 추산된다.In addition, in the past, expensive methanol has been separately added as an organic carbon source for treating high concentration nitrogen, but in the present invention, the total amount of methanol is replaced with food waste leachate to be mixed and treated with leachate so that leachate treatment costs can be greatly reduced. Therefore, high efficiency leachate treatment efficiency can be expected at low cost. Reduction of the treatment cost realized through the present invention, as shown in Table 3 below, considering the amount (about 5,000 tons / day) of food waste degreasing solution generated in Korea at about 25,200 won per ton in terms of pure savings cost, The cost is estimated to be about 45 billion won per year.

구분 항목Category 침출수Leachate 음식물류폐기물 탈리액Food Waste Desorption 비 고Remarks 기존 처리비용 (원/톤)Existing treatment cost (KRW / ton) 4,5004,500 30,00030,000 탈리액은 해양배출 비용임Desorptions are ocean discharge costs 본 발명공정 처리비용 (원/톤)Processing cost of the present invention (KRW / ton) 4,8004,800 4,8004,800 -- 처리비용 절감액 (원/톤)Treatment cost savings (KRW / ton) - 300-300 25,20025,200 순수 절감액 : 24,900Net savings: 24,900

또한, 본 발명은 산화응집 전 단계에 황산제이철을 이용한 화학응집공정을 실시함으로써 난분해성 유기물질과 색도를 효과적으로 제거할 수 있도록 하고, 산화응집공정에서 기존에 산화제인 과산화수소수의 반응성 증대를 위하여 촉매제로 사용되어 왔던 황산제일철을 황산제이철로 대체함으로써, 슬러지의 침강성이 개선되어 처리수의 부유물질 농도는 20 ~ 30 %(2 ~ 3 mg/L) 저하되면서도 COD 및 색도는 황산제일철 사용시와 유사한 50 ~ 60 %의 처리효율을 나타낸다. 그리고, 상기 화학응집공정시 분말활성탄을 투입함으로써 부유물질, COD, 색도가 대폭 저하되는 것이 본 발명의 또 다른 효과라고 할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention enables to effectively remove the hardly decomposable organic substances and chromaticity by performing a chemical agglomeration process using ferric sulfate in the pre-oxidation coagulation step, and to increase the reactivity of the hydrogen peroxide water as an oxidant in the oxidation coagulation process By replacing ferrous sulfate, which has been used as ferric sulfate, the sedimentation of sludge is improved, and the concentration of suspended solids in treated water is reduced by 20 to 30% (2 to 3 mg / L), while the COD and color are similar to those of ferrous sulfate. ~ 60% treatment efficiency. In addition, it is another effect of the present invention that the suspended solids, COD, and chromaticity are greatly reduced by adding powdered activated carbon during the chemical coagulation process.

나아가, 본 발명은 그동안 고농도, 고비용으로 인해 육상처리가 어려워 해양으로 배출되어온 음식물류폐기물 탈리액을 저비용으로 육상처리할 수 있도록 함으로써, 비용절감효과 이외에도 탈리액의 해양배출로 인한 해양오염 문제를 함께 해결할 수 있는 획기적인 처리방법이라고 할 수 있다.Furthermore, the present invention enables land treatment of food waste waste desorbing liquids that have been discharged to the ocean due to high concentration and high cost, which can be solved at low cost. It's a breakthrough.

Claims (8)

생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 정화처리방법에 있어서,In the household waste treatment landfill leachate treatment method, 생활쓰레기 매립지에서 발생되는 침출수를 음식물류폐기물에서 발생하는 탈리액과 혼합시켜 주는 혼합공정을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법.And a mixing process of mixing the leachate generated from the household waste landfill with the desorption liquid generated from the food waste. 음식물류폐기물에서 발생하는 탈리액과 생활쓰레기 매립지에서 발생되는 침출수를 집수하여 혼합시켜주는 혼합공정과;A mixing step of collecting and mixing the leachate generated from the food waste and the leachate generated from the landfill; 혼합된 폐수의 고농도 난분해성 유기물질을 소화시켜 제거하는 혐기성소화공정과;An anaerobic digestion process for extinguishing and removing high concentrations of hardly decomposable organic substances in the mixed wastewater; 혐기성소화공정을 거친 처리수의 질소와 난분해성 유기물질을 제거하는 탈질/질산화공정과;A denitrification / nitrification process for removing nitrogen and hardly decomposable organic substances from the treated water after the anaerobic digestion process; 탈질/질산화공정을 거친 처리수의 잔류유기물질을 응집하여 침전시키는 화학응집공정과;A chemical flocculation step of flocculating and precipitating the residual organic material of the treated water which has undergone the denitrification / nitrification process; 화학응집공정을 마친 처리수의 잔류유기물질과 색도를 제거하기 위한 산화응집공정;Oxidation coagulation process to remove residual organic matter and color in the treated water after the chemical coagulation process; 으로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법.Combined purification treatment method of the landfill leachate and domestic food waste leachate, characterized in that consisting of. 제 2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2, 상기 혼합공정은,The mixing step, 생활쓰레기 매립지에서 발생되는 침출수와 음식물류폐기물에서 발생되는 탈리액을 1 대 0.8 ~ 1.2로 혼합하는 것을 특징으로 하는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법.A method for the combined purification and treatment of domestic waste landfill leachate and food waste waste leachate, characterized in that the leachate generated from landfill landfill and food waste are mixed in a ratio of 0.8 to 1.2. 제 2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2, 상기 혐기성 소화공정은,The anaerobic digestion process, 중온 소화온도인 32 ~ 38 ℃에서 10일간 혐기성 미생물에 의해 소화분해시켜 유기물질과 질소의 농도(BOD/NH4 +-N)비를 4.5 ~ 5.5 대 1의 비율로 조절하는 것을 특징으로 하는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법.Digestion and digestion by anaerobic microorganisms for 10 days at 32 ~ 38 ℃, which is a medium temperature digestion temperature, to adjust the concentration of organic matter and nitrogen (BOD / NH 4 + -N) at a ratio of 4.5 to 5.5 to 1 Combined purification method for landfill leachate and food waste degreasing solution. 제 2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2, 상기 탈질/질산화공정은,The denitrification / nitrification process, 탈질/질산화반응조를 탈질/질산화 미생물 생육의 적정온도인 25 ~ 43 ℃ 범위로 유지하면서, 음식물류폐기물 탈리액에 함유된 유기물을 외부탄소원으로 활용하여 탈질/질산화 미생물에 의한 탈질반응과 질산화반응을 통하여 질소를 처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정 화처리방법.While maintaining the denitrification / nitrification tank within the proper temperature range of denitrification / nitrification microorganisms, the organic matter contained in the food waste removal solution is used as an external carbon source, and the denitrification and nitrification reactions by denitrification and nitrification microorganisms are carried out. Combined purification treatment method of domestic waste landfill leachate and food waste waste leaching solution characterized in that the treatment. 제 2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2, 상기 화학응집공정은,The chemical coagulation process, pH조절제인 황산(H2SO4)과 화학응집제인 황산제이철(Fe2(SO4)3)을 투입하여 급속교반과정을 거치고, 응집보조제인 고분자응집제를 투입하여 완속교반하여 침전시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법.Sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) as a pH adjusting agent and ferric sulfate (Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) as a chemical coagulant are added to undergo a rapid stirring process, and a polymer coagulant as a coagulant aid is added to precipitate slowly. Combined purification method for leachate from domestic garbage landfill and food waste leachate. 제 2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2, 상기 산화응집공정은,The oxidation coagulation step, 화학응집공정을 거친 처리수에 황산제이철과 과산화수소와 pH조절제(황산)를 동시에 투입하여 반응pH를 3 ~ 4 범위로 유지하며 3 ~ 4 시간 동안 150 rpm으로 급속교반하고, 중화단계를 거쳐 응집보조제인 음이온계통의 고분자응집제를 투입하고 완속교반하여 슬러지를 침강시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법.Ferric sulfate, hydrogen peroxide, and pH regulator (sulfuric acid) are added to the treated water after the chemical coagulation process at the same time to maintain the reaction pH in the range of 3 to 4, rapidly stirring at 150 rpm for 3 to 4 hours, and coagulation aid through the neutralization step. A method of combining and purifying a domestic waste landfill leachate and a food waste desorption solution, comprising adding a phosphorus anion-based polymer flocculant and slowly stirring the sludge. 제 7항에 있어서,The method of claim 7, wherein 상기 산화응집공정은,The oxidation coagulation step, 황산제이철과 과산화수소수가 투입되는 급속 반응조에 분말활성탄을 함께 투입하는 것을 특징으로 하는 생활쓰레기 매립지 침출수와 음식물류폐기물 탈리액의 병합 정화처리방법.A method for the combined purification and treatment of domestic waste landfill leachate and food waste desorption solution comprising the addition of powdered activated carbon into a rapid reaction tank into which ferric sulfate and hydrogen peroxide water are introduced.
KR1020060120143A 2006-11-30 2006-11-30 Method For Purifying Leachate of Landfill and Dewatering Water of Food Waste KR100815017B1 (en)

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