KR20000023654A - Process automation system - Google Patents

Process automation system Download PDF

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KR20000023654A
KR20000023654A KR1019997000107A KR19997000107A KR20000023654A KR 20000023654 A KR20000023654 A KR 20000023654A KR 1019997000107 A KR1019997000107 A KR 1019997000107A KR 19997000107 A KR19997000107 A KR 19997000107A KR 20000023654 A KR20000023654 A KR 20000023654A
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automation system
master computer
process automation
level
automation
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KR100446584B1 (en
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위르겐 비버
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칼 하인쯔 호르닝어
지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G05B19/4185—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by the network communication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Control By Computers (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • General Factory Administration (AREA)
  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
  • Hardware Redundancy (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A process automation system is provided to reduce a technical cost for a device operator in the process automation system. CONSTITUTION: In a process automation system, a terminal device(1) communicates a master computer (9) in an operating level and a monitoring level. An automation device(4) communicates the master computer(9) through a transmitter/receiver device(3,6,10) and a data transfer medium(11)(a radio connection, an electric communication network) in a process directed automation level. The master computer(9) is designed with a supper computer at a computer center, and controls an additional process automation system(12,13).

Description

프로세스 자동화 시스템 {PROCESS AUTOMATION SYSTEM}Process Automation System {PROCESS AUTOMATION SYSTEM}

프로세스 자동화 시스템에서 오퍼레이팅 장치 및 모니터링 장치는 제어 기술 및 조종 기술의 프로세스를 작동시키고 모니터링하는 기능, 및 기초가 되는 자동화장치의 생성되는 프로세스 값 또는 프로세스 메시지를 아카이브하고 프로토콜하는 기능을 갖는다. 동시에 다수의 오퍼레이터의 하나의 프로세스를 모니터링하고 경우에 따라서는 작동시키기 위해서 요즈음에는, 호스트-스테이션(Host-Station) 또는 마스터 컴퓨터로도 언급되는 서버가 전체 계산 임무를 맡고, 단말 장치로도 언급되는 클라이언트는 다만 그래픽 출력만을 담당하며 마우스 및 키보드를 통해 작동 입력 또는 화상 교체를 가능하게 하는 소위 클라이언트-서버-개념이 이용된다. 호스트 스테이션에는 자동화 장치에 접속되는 프로세스 버스 및 단말 장치에 물리적으로 접속되는 터미널 버스가 존재한다. 호스트 스테이션 및 단말 장치는 대부분 제어실 내부에 또는 인접한 챔버 내부에 있다.The operating device and the monitoring device in the process automation system have the function of operating and monitoring the processes of the control technology and the steering technology, and the function of archiving and protocoling the generated process values or process messages of the underlying automation device. In order to monitor and in some cases operate one process of multiple operators at the same time, a server, also referred to as a host-station or a master computer, takes over the entire computing task and is referred to as a terminal device. The client is only responsible for the graphical output and so-called client-server-concepts are used which enable operational input or image replacement via the mouse and keyboard. The host station has a process bus connected to the automation device and a terminal bus physically connected to the terminal device. Host stations and terminal devices are mostly in the control room or in adjacent chambers.

프로세스 또는 자동화 시스템이 복잡해지면 복잡해질수록 계산 성능 및 메모리 용량과 관련된 최고의 요구들이 호스트 스테이션에 제기된다. 안전성의 요구 및 예를 들어 전하의 형성을 완전히 검출하기 위한 명령들도 자주 추가의 용장 장치의 구성을 요구한다. 이러한 요구와 시스템의 보수 및 관리는 시스템 오퍼레이터에게는 증가된 경제적 비용을 의미한다The more complex the process or automation system, the greater the demands placed on the host station regarding computational performance and memory capacity. The demand for safety and instructions for fully detecting the formation of charge, for example, often require the construction of additional redundant devices. These demands and the maintenance and management of the system mean increased economic costs for the system operator.

본 발명은 프로세스 자동화 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a process automation system.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 프로세스 자동화 시스템의 블록 회로도이고,1 is a block circuit diagram of a process automation system according to the present invention,

도 2는 프로세스 자동화 시스템내에서의 데이터 전송 구조를 도시한 실시예이다2 is an embodiment illustrating a data transmission structure in a process automation system.

본 발명의 목적은, 프로세스 자동화 시스템에서 장치 오퍼레이터를 위해 장치 기술적인 비용을 줄이는 것이다. 상기 목적은 본 발명에 따라 청구항 1에 제시된 프로세스 자동화 시스템에 의해 달성된다.It is an object of the present invention to reduce the device technical cost for a device operator in a process automation system. This object is achieved by the process automation system set forth in claim 1 according to the invention.

본 발명에 따른 자동화 시스템의 바람직한 실시예는 종속항에서 기술된다.Preferred embodiments of the automation system according to the invention are described in the dependent claims.

본 발명에 따른 자동화 시스템의 주요한 장점은, 마스터 컴퓨터에 요구되는 계산 능력이 자동화된 장치의 제어실 외부에서, 특히 중앙 계산 센터 내부에서 형성될 수 있음으로써, 장치 오퍼레이터 자체가 고유의 마스터 컴퓨터(호스트-스테이션)를 필요로하지 않고, 그에 따라 마스터 컴퓨터를 위한 구입 비용, 보수 및 관리가 필요 없어진다. 특히 마스터 컴퓨터를 이용하여 다수의 자동화 시스템을 동시에 작동시킬 수 있는 가능성에 의해서, 상기 마스터 컴퓨터를 특히 높은 계산 능력 및 메모리 용량을 특징으로 하는 슈퍼 컴퓨터로 설계할 수 있고, 그럼으로써 개별 자동화 시스템의 유용성이 증가된다. 거의 모든 용장 데이터는 주기억 장치내에 저장될 수 있고, 모든 중요한 프로세스 데이터는 거의 무제한적으로 아카이브되어 장치 오퍼레이터에 제공될 수 있다. 추가의 장점은 자동화 시스템의 용장 구성 가능성인데, 마스터 컴퓨터와 관련된 이러한 구성은 장치 오퍼레이터용 계산 센터에서 비가시적으로 실현될 수 있다.The main advantage of the automation system according to the invention is that the computing power required for the master computer can be formed outside the control room of the automated device, in particular inside the central computing center, so that the device operator itself is a unique master computer. Station), thus eliminating the need for purchase cost, maintenance and management for the master computer. In particular, with the possibility of operating multiple automation systems simultaneously using a master computer, it is possible to design the master computer as a super computer, which is characterized by particularly high computational power and memory capacity, thereby providing usefulness of the individual automation system. Is increased. Nearly all redundant data can be stored in main memory, and all critical process data can be archived almost unlimitedly and provided to the device operator. A further advantage is the redundancy possibility of the automation system, which can be realized invisibly in the calculation center for the device operator.

본 발명은 도면을 참조하여 하기에서 추가로 설명된다.The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings.

도 1에 도시된 프로세스 자동화 시스템에서 오퍼레이팅 레벨 및 모니터링 레벨에서는 단말 장치(1)가 터미널 버스(2)를 통해서 서로 그리고 송/수신 장치(3)와 접속된다. 프로세스 지향 자동화 레벨에서는 자동화 장치(4), 예를 들어 메모리 프로그래밍 가능한 제어 장치가 마찬가지로 프로세스 버스(5)를 통해서 추가 송/수신 장치(6)와 접속된다. 소자(1 내지 6)는 프로세스 자동화 시스템에 의해서 제어된 기술적 프로세스가 진행되는, 도면에서는 단지 표시만 된 장치(7)의 구성 부품인 한편, 상기 장치(7)의 외부, 예컨대 컴퓨터 센터(8)에는 슈퍼 컴퓨터로 형성된 마스터 컴퓨터(9)가 배치되며, 상기 마스터 컴퓨터는 데이터를 원격 전송하기 위한 제 3의 송/수신 장치(10) 및 데이터 전송 매체(11), 예컨대 라디오 연결, 위성 연결 또는 전기 통신망을 통해서 장치(7)의 송/수신 장치(3 및 6)와 통신한다. 상기 마스터 컴퓨터(9)는 송/수신 장치(10) 및 데이터 전송 매체(11)를 통해서 추가 장치(12, 13)내에 있는, 도면에는 도시되지 않은 추가의 송/수신 장치와 통신한다. 도시된 실시예와 달리 개별 단말 장치(1) 또는 단말 장치 그룹도 또한 각각 고유의 송/수신 장치에 할당될 수 있다. 이것은 자동화 장치(4)에도 동일하게 적용된다. 그 밖에 송/수신 장치(3, 6, 10) 및 마스터 컴퓨터(9)는 용장으로 실시될 수 있다. 따라서, 예를 들어 송/수신 장치(10)는 필요한 경우에 추가의 용장 마스터 컴퓨터로 스위치 오버될 수 있도록 하기 위해서 스위치 오버 장치를 포함한다.In the process automation system shown in FIG. 1, at the operating level and the monitoring level, the terminal devices 1 are connected to each other and to the transmitting / receiving device 3 via the terminal bus 2. At the process-oriented automation level, the automation device 4, for example a memory programmable control device, is likewise connected with the additional transmission / reception device 6 via the process bus 5. The elements 1 to 6 are components of the device 7 which are only shown in the figures, in which the technical process controlled by the process automation system is carried out, while outside the device 7, for example the computer center 8. There is arranged a master computer 9 formed of a super computer, which is a third transmission / reception device 10 and a data transmission medium 11 for remotely transmitting data, such as radio connection, satellite connection or electricity. It communicates with the sending / receiving devices 3 and 6 of the device 7 via a communication network. The master computer 9 communicates with additional transmission / reception devices, not shown in the figure, in the additional devices 12, 13 via the transmission / reception device 10 and the data transmission medium 11. Unlike the illustrated embodiment, an individual terminal device 1 or a group of terminal devices may also be assigned to a unique transmitting / receiving device, respectively. The same applies to the automation device 4. In addition, the transmission / reception apparatuses 3, 6, and 10 and the master computer 9 may be implemented by redundancy. Thus, for example, the transmit / receive device 10 includes a switchover device in order to be able to switch over to an additional redundant master computer if necessary.

통상의 자동화 시스템과 달리 기초가 되는 자동화 장치(4)의 프로세스 버스(5)는 오퍼레이팅 레벨 및 모니터링 레벨의 단말 장치(1)에 접속되지 않는다; 그 대신 프로세스 지향 자동화 레벨로부터 얻어지는 데이터가 데이터 전송 매체(11)를 통해서 마스터 컴퓨터(9)에 전송된다.Unlike the normal automation system, the process bus 5 of the underlying automation device 4 is not connected to the terminal device 1 of the operating level and the monitoring level; Instead, data obtained from the process-oriented automation level is transmitted to the master computer 9 via the data transmission medium 11.

프로세스 자동화 시스템의 자문은 단말 장치(1) 및 자문 컴퓨터(14)를 통해서 오퍼레이팅 레벨 및 모니터링 레벨에서 이루어질 수 있다. 그 다음에 자문된 장치 화상이 마스터 컴퓨터(9)내에서 진행된다. 그리고 나서 단말 장치(1)상에서 또다시 장치 화상의 그래픽 출력 및 프로세스 조작이 이루어진다. 장치 데이터의 변경, 즉 자문의 변경은 오퍼레이팅 레벨 및 모니터링 레벨로부터 마스터 컴퓨터(9)로 전송되며, 마스터 컴퓨터가 상기 변경을 전달 받아서 새로운 자문 형태를 모든 단말 장치(1)에 전달한다.The consultation of the process automation system can be made at the operating level and the monitoring level via the terminal device 1 and the advisory computer 14. The advised device image is then advanced in the master computer 9. Then, on the terminal device 1, graphic output and process operation of the device image are made again. The change of the device data, ie the change of the advisory, is transmitted from the operating level and the monitoring level to the master computer 9, which receives the change and delivers the new advisory form to all terminal devices 1.

마스터 컴퓨터(9)의 식별 번호 또는 패스워드로써 세계에 있는 모든 임의의 단말 장치가 마스터 컴퓨터(9)에 접속될 수 있고, 프로세스를 모니터링할 수 있으며, 적합한 액세스 인에블시에도 또한 작동될 수 있다.Any terminal device in the world with the identification number or password of the master computer 9 can be connected to the master computer 9, can monitor the process, and can also be operated upon proper access enablement. .

도 2는 송/수신 장치(10), 데이터 전송 매체(11) 및 송/수신 장치(3)를 통해서 단말 장치(1)와 통신하는 마스터 컴퓨터(9)를 보여준다. 단말 장치(1)내에서는 그것의 표준 소프트웨어(15)가 통신 소프트웨어(16)에 의해서 확장되며, 통신 소프트웨어는 데이터 전송의 과제를 단말 장치(1)로부터 전달받고 그리고 단말 장치(1)로 전달한다. 통신 소프트웨어(16)는 독자적인 태스크를 수행하며, 인터페이스를 송/수신 장치(3)로 형성하는 통신 드라이버(17)에 응답한다. 마스터 컴퓨터(9)는 그것의 표준 소프트웨어(18)에 부가적으로 모뎀-라디오-드라이버(19)를 포함한다.2 shows a master computer 9 which communicates with the terminal apparatus 1 via the transmission / reception apparatus 10, the data transmission medium 11 and the transmission / reception apparatus 3. In the terminal device 1, its standard software 15 is extended by the communication software 16, which communicates the task of data transmission from the terminal device 1 and delivers it to the terminal device 1. . The communication software 16 performs its own task and responds to the communication driver 17 which forms the interface as the transmitting / receiving device 3. The master computer 9 includes a modem-radio-driver 19 in addition to its standard software 18.

Claims (8)

프로세스를 작동하고 모니터링하기 위해 오퍼레이팅 레벨 및 모니터링 레벨에 있는 단말 장치(1), 하위 자동화 레벨에 있는 프로세스 지향 자동화 장치(4), 및 제 3의 송/수신 장치(10)에 접속된 마스터 컴퓨터(9)를 포함하며, 상기 단말 장치는 송/수신 장치(3)에 접속되고, 상기 프로세스 지향 자동화 장치는 추가의 송/수신 장치(6)와 접속되며, 상기 제 3송/수신 장치는 데이터 전송 매체(11)를 통해서 제 1 및 제 2송/수신 장치(3, 6)와 통신하도록 구성된 프로세스 자동화 시스템.A master computer connected to the terminal device 1 at the operating level and the monitoring level, the process oriented automation device 4 at the lower automation level, and a third transmit / receive device 10 for operating and monitoring the process ( 9), wherein the terminal device is connected to the transmit / receive device 3, the process-oriented automation device is connected to an additional transmit / receive device 6, and the third transmit / receive device transmits data. A process automation system configured to communicate with the first and second transmitting / receiving devices (3, 6) via a medium (11). 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 데이터 전송 매체(11)가 라디오 연결인 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스 자동화 시스템.Process automation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the data transmission medium (11) is a radio connection. 제 1항 또는 제 2항에 있어서, 상기 데이터 전송 매체(11)가 전기 통신망인 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스 자동화 시스템.3. Process automation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the data transmission medium (11) is a telecommunications network. 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 단말 장치(1)가 터미널 버스(2)를 통해서 서로 그리고 송/수신 장치(3)와 접속되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스 자동화 시스템.4. Process automation system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the terminal device (1) is connected with each other and with the transmitting / receiving device (3) via a terminal bus (2). 제 1항 내지 제 4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 자동화 장치(4)가 프로세스 버스(5)를 통해서 서로 그리고 송/수신 장치(6)와 접속되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스 자동화 시스템.5. Process automation system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the automation devices (4) are connected to each other and to a transmission / reception device (6) via a process bus (5). 제 1항 내지 제 5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 마스터 컴퓨터(9)가 적어도 하나의 추가 프로세스를 가이드하기 위해 형성되고, 적어도 하나의 추가 프로세스 자동화 시스템(12, 13)의 구성 부품이며, 상기 추가 프로세스 자동화 시스템 내부에서 추가 오퍼레이팅 레벨 및 모니터링 레벨에 있는 추가의 단말 장치는 제 4송/수신 장치에 접속되고, 추가의 하위 자동화 레벨에서는 추가의 프로세스 지향 자동화 장치가 제 5송/수신 장치와 접속되며, 상기 추가 프로세스 자동화 시스템 내부에서 제 3송/수신 장치는 데이터 전송 매체(11)를 통해서 제 4 및 제 5송/수신 장치와 통신하는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스 자동화 시스템.6. The master computer (9) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the master computer (9) is formed to guide at least one further process and is a component of at least one further process automation system (12, 13), An additional terminal device at an additional operating level and a monitoring level within the further process automation system is connected to a fourth transmit / receive device, and at a further lower automation level, the additional process-oriented automation device is connected to the fifth transmit / receive device. Connected, wherein a third transmitting / receiving device is in communication with the fourth and fifth transmitting / receiving devices via a data transmission medium (11). 제 1항 내지 제 6항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 송/수신 장치(3, 6, 10)가 적어도 부분적으로 용장으로 실시되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스 자동화 시스템.Process automation system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmitting / receiving device (3, 6, 10) is implemented at least partially redundantly. 제 1항 내지 제 7항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 마스터 컴퓨터(9)가 용장으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스 자동화 시스템.8. A process automation system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the master computer (9) is formed of redundancy.
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