KR19980073694A - Radio frequency identification system including fingerprint identification card - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-security anti-theft personal identification and identification system, using an identification card employing RFID technology electronic fingerprint and photo recognition system, the electronic fingerprint information, electrophotographic information and electronic personal identification code is RFID card Or stored in a programmable memory means in the carrier.

Description

Radio frequency identification system including fingerprint identification card

The present invention relates to a highly secure personal identification and identification system, in particular RFID identification members such as cards employing Radio Frequency Idendification (RFID) technology and electronic numbers, fingerprints and photographs digitally stored in the memory of the RFID identification members. The present invention relates to the use of an RFID recognition system for reading and verifying information. This identity card is very difficult to forge and cannot be used by authorized users.

ID cards are used to identify people. ID cards can be used to identify who is allowed to access certain physical locations, computer systems, banks, and the like.

In designing an effective ID card (passport, driver's license, social welfare card, bank card, etc.), two major problems must be solved. First, it should be practically impossible for an unauthorized person to make an illegal card. Second, it should be possible to reliably check whether the person presenting the ID card is the person who issued the ID card.

Conventionally, various mechanisms have been devised for the security of ID cards and for preventing unauthorized duplication or ID card change. For example, it is very difficult to illegally copy an ID card by introducing a special printing method such as UV-printing or hologram on the ID card. Since these special methods require expensive printing devices, such ID cards are produced in limited locations. In addition, the printed ID card can accommodate a relatively small amount of information. The photograph or signature reproduced on such a card was often small and of poor quality and could not be used to verify that the person presenting the ID card was issued by the ID card.

Individual biological variables, or features, that only a particular person possesses can be used to reliably identify the individual. Some of these features are fingerprints, facial shapes, voice spectra, signatures, and corneas. These features are unique and fixed, and vary greatly among people.

U.S. Patent Nos. 4,284,716, 4,542,288 and 4,544,835 relate to the art and are hereby incorporated by reference. The patents relate to the manufacture of optical cards. US Pat. No. 5,222,152, issued June 22, 1993 to Fishbine et al., Discloses a portable fingerprint scanning device for identification. The device optically scans and records the fingerprint.

There is a need for a reliable, cost-effective and practical system for identifying whether a person is an issued person with an ID card using personal features.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a practical method, apparatus, and system for cost-effectively and reliably identifying whether a person is a person who is issued an ID card using personal features in view of the above. It is to provide.

1A is a schematic diagram of a system for issuing and confirming a passport and storing electronic fingerprints, photographs, and other identity data in accordance with the present invention;

1B is a partial schematic view of an electronic passport according to the present invention;

2 is a view for explaining the reception and flow of data of the RFID proximity ID card system according to the present invention;

3 is a front view of the user interface panel of the first embodiment of an RFID card issuing and confirming terminal for processing an electronic passport according to the present invention;

Fig. 4A is a side view of an RFID card composed of three layers of surface layer, middle layer and rear layer;

4B is a front view of the surface layer of the RFID card of FIG. 4A;

4C is a front view of an intermediate layer of the RFID card of FIG. 4A;

4D is a rear view of the rear layer of the RFID card of FIG. 4A;

5 is a schematic diagram of an information communication network system using a plurality of RFID cards including a central database, a regional database, a terminal of a local government office, and a fingerprint and photo recognition system according to the present invention;

6 is a front view of a second embodiment of a user interface portion of an RFID card checking terminal according to the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an RFID card and an RFID proximity card reader for reading the RFID card.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

2: computer 4: read / write unit

6: digital camera 8: fingerprint scanner

10: identification system 11: printer

12: ePassport 13: Registration Station

14: Tag No. 18: Central Database

45: radio frequency circuit 46: ASIC

47: memory 49, 55: antenna

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of identifying an individual.

The method according to the invention is directed to a portable radio frequency identity member comprising a memory in a radio frequency proximity reader, the memory comprising digitized personal data of the individual, fingerprint and photographic data, wherein the member stores data. Means for transmitting radio frequency data for transferring from said memory to said proximity reader; Transmit the personal data, fingerprint and picture data to the proximity reader via the radio frequency data transmission means; Receive the personal data, fingerprint and photo data at the proximity reader and transmit the personal data and fingerprint data to a digital computer; Scanning the fingerprint of the individual with an electronic fingerprint scanner coupled to the proximity reader to transmit the scanned fingerprint to the computer; The personal data and fingerprint data transmitted from the proximity reader and the fingerprint data transmitted from the scanner are analyzed in the computer, and the scanned fingerprint data and the personal data and fingerprint data transmitted from the proximity reader are adjusted and confirmed. And displaying a match or disagreement between the scanned fingerprint data, the data transmitted from the proximity reader, and the fingerprint data to the person or another person monitoring the computer means by the computer.

Preferably, the member has an immutable memory comprising a tag number and the transfer of personal data, fingerprint and photo data comprises transfer of the tag number to a proximity reader. Most preferably, the personal data and fingerprint and photo data in the memory on the member are encrypted, and the method further comprises decrypting the personal data and fingerprint and photo data after receiving the personal data and fingerprint and photo data in a proximity reader. Equipped. The tag number is most preferably used as a key in the decryption of personal data and fingerprint and photo data.

The present invention also provides a method of identifying an individual. The method is directed to a portable radio frequency identification member comprising a memory means programmable in a radio frequency proximity reader of a particular frequency, the member digitizing the radio frequency transmission means and the individual to the proximity reader of a particular frequency. Personal data, fingerprint and picture data, wherein the radio frequency identification proximity reader is capable of digitally programming the personal data, fingerprint and picture data by reading the personal data, fingerprint data and picture data by the radio frequency data transmission means. Transfer to computer means; Directing the fingerprint of the individual to electronic fingerprint scanning means coupled to the radio frequency proximity proximity reader, the scanning means scanning the fingerprint to transmit the scanned fingerprint to the digital programmable computer means; Photographing the individual electronically and transmitting the electrophotographic data to a computer means to compare with the photographic data stored in the radio frequency identification member; Analyze the personal data and fingerprint data transmitted by the radio frequency proximity proximity reader by the computer means and the fingerprint data transmitted by the scanning means, and confirm the fingerprint data and the radio frequency transmitted by the scanning means. Adjusting and verifying personal and fingerprint data transmitted by a proximity reader to monitor the personal or computer means for matching or inconsistency of fingerprints and data by the programmable computer means and fingerprint data transmitted from the radio frequency identification proximity reader. It consists of displaying to others.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for identifying and authenticating an individual is provided. The apparatus includes a scanner for scanning a finger of an individual to generate first digital fingerprint data and to transfer the first digital fingerprint data from the scanner to a computer running computer software; A radio frequency identification proximity readable card including a memory in which second digital fingerprint data representing characteristics of a personal fingerprint is stored; And a radio frequency proximity verification reader for reading the programmed second digital data from the memory in the radio frequency identification card and transferring the second digital fingerprint data from the reader to the computer. The program running in the computer is adapted to perform a match or mismatch of the first and second data after the first and second digital fingerprint data is received at the computer.

In a preferred embodiment, the card has an immutable memory location that includes a tag identification number. Most preferably the second digital fingerprint data is encrypted and the device has a decryption system for decrypting the second digital fingerprint data. Most preferably the decryption system is adapted to decrypt the second digital fingerprint data using a tag identification number read from the card.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a system is provided for checking and verifying the identity of each individual in a group of people. The system has a plurality of proximity readable ID cards. Each ID card is assigned to each person in a group of people. Each ID card includes: an immutable memory location including a tag identification number unique to each ID card among a plurality of ID cards; A memory containing personal data specific to a person, said data comprising fingerprint data indicative of a characteristic of a personal fingerprint; Means for transmitting the tag identification number and the personal data to the proximity card reader. The system also has at least one registration station. The registration station may include: a registration station scanner for scanning a fingerprint of an individual to generate fingerprint data characteristic of the individual; And a proximity card recorder for transmitting fingerprint data and storing it in a memory in one of the ID cards. The system also includes at least one confirmation station. The confirmation station includes a proximity card reader for reading a tag identification number and personal data from one of the ID cards; A confirmation station scanner for scanning fingerprints of individuals to generate fingerprint comparison data indicative of fingerprint characteristics of a finger; And a computer connected to the proximity card reader and the verification station scanner to compare fingerprint data read from the proximity card reader with fingerprint comparison data received from the scanner to confirm whether the fingerprint data and the fingerprint comparison data have the same characteristics of the fingerprint. Equipped.

Preferably, the personal data on each ID card is encrypted using the tag identification number as a key.

The drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the invention and do not limit the spirit or scope of the invention.

The system according to the invention provides each person with a smart ID card. The ID card is remotely readable by the RFID system. The ID card stores information about at least one biometric characteristic of the individual who issued the card. Most preferably, the biometric property is an individual's fingerprint or appearance. Although not necessary, it is preferable that the information stored in the ID card is encrypted so that any change can be easily detected. Encryption is carried out with a common key, for example a PGP.

Each ID card has a unique immutable number or tag. The tag is preferably used as a key or key element in the encryption of the information stored on the ID card. This makes it impossible to duplicate the ID card by simply copying the information stored on the ID card to the blank ID card (this is because every manufactured blank ID card has a unique tag, so the copy has a different tag). The character of is a strong stumbling block to the cheats.

EPassport application

1 to 3 illustrate an ePassport system 10 for issuing and verifying or authenticating an ePassport. System 10 provides a direct and highly secure identification method. After reading this description, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that the methods and apparatus described below with respect to the ePassport may also be used to provide an electronic ID card containing various information for various applications. Can be.

System 10 has three main elements; EPassport 12; A registration station 13 for issuing a new ePassport 12; And a confirmation station (not shown) for reading the data from the ePassport 12 and comparing the data with the biological characteristics of the holder to confirm that the holder is the person who issued the ePassport 12. The system 10 also preferably includes a central database 18 for storing data replicated in each ePassport 12.

The database 18 may be, for example, BBG ^™ database software available from Jasper Consulting, Inc., of Minnesota Bemidge. The BBG software includes a database manager that puts the fingerprint prototype into a designated database through the fingerprint prototype registration process. The database manager also performs a real-time or offline match of the live print scan. The structure of the data records maintained by the BBG software can be tailored to the required application.

The registration station 13 may also be possible as a confirmation station. However, the verification station may not have the hardware and / or software necessary to issue a new electronic passport 12.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the ePassport 12 preferably employs RFID technology. This enables data to be transferred to or retrieved from the ePassport 12 by the RFID read / write unit 4, which does not need to be in physical contact with the ePassport 12. Just close. Typically the ePassport 12 should be at a distance D of about 40 cm or 16 inches from the read / write unit 4 to ensure smooth data transfer from or to the ePassport 12. The use of RFID technology eliminates the problem of poor connection that can occur when electrical resistance contact between the reader and the ePassport 12 is required.

The ePassport 12 includes an ASIC 46 including a non-volatile memory 47, an RF circuit 45 for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals, and an antenna 49 for communicating with an RFID read / write unit. It is the same as the conventional printing passport provided. Alternatively, the ePassport 12 may be provided in the form of an ID card of the size of a standard credit card (shown in FIG. 4) printed with photographs and text information on its surface. This may not be desirable, however, because passports require space for visas and other public records. Visa information printed or listed in a passport may be stored on an RFID card. Automatic updating of these data can be made very simple by using an optional visa data recorder at airport counters, port gates and border checkpoints. Preferably, the visa information is written to a write once read many (WORM) memory area.

All electronic circuits in the ePassport 12 may be embedded in one cover of the ePassport 12. The ASIC 46 provides a non-volatile memory 47 for holding personal data of the passport holder. For example, the memory 47 may be an EEPROM having a capacity of several kilobytes. The AISC 46 further has a unique tag number 14. The tag number 14 is stored in a ROM area on the ASIC 46 and may be, for example, a 64-bit binary string consisting of a 48-bit tag ID-number and 16-bit error detection and error correction information. Preferably, the tag number 14 is stored while the ASIC 46 is being manufactured so that a person who wants to make a fake passport with a specific tag number 14 can manufacture the ASIC 46 having the tag number as well as the functions required for duplication. You must have the ability. The ASIC 46 may have only the hardware necessary to read and write the memory 47 and to read the tag number 47 and to transfer this information to the read / write unit. ASIC 46 may optionally be configured as a microprocessor.

The RF circuit 45 and the antenna 49 provide a means for communicating with and powering the ePassport 12. Antenna 49 may have micro-wires embedded in ePassport 12. The ePassport 12 is preferably a passive device since it does not require an internal power supply or a battery. The ePassport 12 preferably obtains its operating power by rectifying the radio frequency signals received from the interrogator (such as the read / write unit 4) through the antenna 49 embedded therein. When the ePassport 12 receives the correct frequency (typically a frequency of about 134 Hz) and a sufficient level of signal, the ePassport extracts energy from the signal and starts operation. In another embodiment, the ePassport 12 may be provided with a battery, for example, a small lithium battery of long lifetime, for powering the ASIC 46.

EPassport 12 contains three main data groups in memory; (1) Passport type; Issuing Country Code; Passport number ; name ; Nationality ; date of birth ; The number of children included in the passport; gender ; place of birth ; Issuer; Issue Date; Validity ; Eye color; weight ; Character data including height and the like; (2) fingerprint data; And (3) storing photographic data.

1 is a schematic diagram of a registration station 13 for issuing an ePassport 12. The registration station 13 can also be used for ePassport verification. The registration station 13 can also be used for issuing other forms of electronic ID card as described below.

The registration station 13 is equipped with a computer. The computer 2 is interfaced to the read / write unit 4, the digital camera 6 (for photographing the face of the holder), the fingerprint scanner 8, and the printer 11. The software running on the computer 2 preferably has a graphical user interface displayed on the screen of the computer 2 to instruct the operator step by step the steps required to issue a new ePassport 12.

The computer 2 can collect characters, face images and fingerprint data; Compression and encryption of collected data; Software and / or hardware for coordinating the transfer process of the ePassport 12 to the ePassport 12 via the read / write unit 4 for storing the compressed and encrypted data in the memory 47 of the ePassport 12. The computer 2 also has software for querying the ePassport 12 via the read / write unit 4 to retrieve, decrypt and decompress the information stored in the memory 47.

The read / write unit 4 has a radio frequency transceiver and an antenna 55. The transceiver transmits the radio frequency signal received by the antenna 49 in the passport 12 to the antenna 55 (FIG. 7). The transmitted signal may be modulated to transmit control signals and data to the ePassport 12. The transceiver may also receive data broadcast by the ePassport 12 via the antenna 55. The read / write unit 4 transmits data received from the ePassport 12 to the computer 2 and transmits control signals and signals received from the computer 2 to the ePassport 12.

The digital camera 6 is used to make a face image of the passport presenter. The camera 6 transmits digital image data to the computer 2. When the computer 2 receives the image data from the camera 6, the image data is stored in a buffer and the database 18 (either uncompressed or compressed in a lossless compression algorithm) and electronics in the buffer. It may be recorded in a compressed form in the memory in the passport (12).

The fingerprint reader 8 reads data concerning the fingerprint form of a person. When a person places a finger (not shown) on the fingerprint reader platen 9, the fingerprint reader 8 scans the presenter's finger to generate raw data representing the fingerprint. Scanning can be initiated by the presenter's finger being raised on the platen 9 or pressed by the finger or by the operator.

The raw digital data of the fingerprint is transmitted to the computer 2. The fingerprint circle obtained by processing and compressing the raw data is stored in the memory 47 of the ePassport 12. The fingerprint prototype is also stored in the database 18. Preferably, the compressed raw data scanned is also stored in an official document file. The location of the official document file is recorded in the database 18. The raw fingerprint scan data kept in the official document can be used to update the fingerprint prototype in the database 18 if it is decided to update the algorithm for generating the prototype.

Alternatively, to process the raw digital data from the fingerprint scanner in the computer 2, the fingerprint scanner 8 may be equipped with a preprocessor (not shown) for processing the raw data from the scanned fingerprint. The preprocessor may generate a fingerprint circle from the raw data. The prototype only needs to be sent to the computer 2. Suitable scanning units including a preprocessor for processing raw data from the scanned fingerprint to generate a fingerprint prototype are available from Jasper Consulting Inc., Minnesota Bemides. The printer 11 is used to print all data related to the ePassport 12.

2 schematically illustrates the flow of data in system 10. Data is received by the computer 2 from a peripheral device (camera 6, fingerprint reader 8, read / write unit 4, keyboard 15) and stored temporarily. The data is then compressed and encrypted and transmitted in a compressed state to the ePassport 12 via the read / play unit 4. The data is also printed on the physical page of the ePassport 12 by the printer 11. The replicated data is sent to the central database 18. Data from the central database 18 is distributed to a local database in another region so that legal authorities can easily access it (see FIG. 5).

As mentioned above, each ePassport has a unique built-in tag ID number. The tag ID number 14 is preferably contained in the ASIC 46.

Preferably, the computer 2 reads the tag ID number 14 through the read / write unit 4 before writing the data to the ePassport 12. The tag ID number 14 is preferably used for encryption and decryption with data stored in the memory 47. Therefore, illegal copying of the ePassport 12 cannot be done by simply copying data from one ePassport 12 to another, so that the tag ID number unique to each ePassport 12 is no longer associated with the data. Because it does not match.

Data relating to other features, such as voice verification data or signature verification data, may also be selectively taken and transmitted to the computer 2 and stored in the memory 47.

The computer 2 preferably has software that provides a graphical user interface that facilitates issuance of a new ePassport 12. The graphical interface can be manipulated using an indicator device such as a mouse to select and drive icons within the user interface. 3 shows an example of a user interface. The interface is divided into four partitions.

The personal information area 20 accepts textual information about the person whose passport has been issued. This character data can be retrieved from a database (e.g., database 18) or entered by a registered official through the keyboard 15. Data verification is preferably provided as an important element of this textual data to ensure that a duplicate passport cannot be issued and to catch typographical errors.

The user interface has two windows 22, 23 displaying the face image captured by the camera 6. The window 22 is named captured and displays the source image from the camera 6. This uncompressed image is used as the source of the image printed on the physical page 24 of the ePassport 12. The captured image data is compressed to reduce the storage space and the image reconstructed from the compressed image data is displayed in the window 23.

To capture the image, the operator places the applicant in a capture window 22 that functions as a metaphor finder of the camera 6 and clicks on the capture icon 25. The operator can take as many images as necessary to obtain a suitable compressed image in window 23. This is useful because lossy high rate compression algorithms can degrade image quality. Furthermore, individual images can depict people who are less pronounced than the real thing or are taken non-descriptively.

The fingerprint portion 28 of the user interface displays the fingerprint image scanned with the fingerprint scanner 8. Fingerprints are obtained in the same way as in photographs. When the volunteer places their finger on the fingerprint reader 8, the operator clicks on the scan icon 27. The scanned fingerprint is displayed in window 28. If necessary, the system can be configured to scan the volunteer's multiple fingers to record relevant data.

Accuracy and verification time are the most important measures of the performance of the fingerprint recognition system used in the present invention. The present invention preferably uses a fingerprint recognition system sold by Jasper Consulting Inc., Minnesota Bemidge under the FIDS ^™ trademark. FIDS systems have several advantages that can be used in the present invention.

When a finger is pressed on the platen, an image of a high resolution (for example, 700 dots per inch) is obtained by the CCD microcamera of the fingerprint scanner 8. This digital image is stored in the memory. The stored fingerprint image data is processed by the FIDS algorithm to produce a prototype that is a number representing a particular type of fingerprint. It is this prototype that is stored in the ePassport 12. With current technology, scanning a finger takes less than 50 seconds to generate a fingerprint prototype. The implementation of the current FIDS system produces a 64-bit prototype.

The fourth area of the user interface has icons for controlling the overall operation of the station 13. Read icon 29 allows the operator to read data from database 18. The write icon 30 records the data currently displayed on the user interface screen in the ePassport 12. The Config icon 31 brings up a screen that allows the operator to set system variables. Help icon 32 teaches the operator the help system. Exit icon 33 ends the program and returns the operator to the operating system.

The process of issuing a new ePassport is as follows.

1. Place a blank passport or place it adjacent to the read / write unit 4;

2. The operator enters the character data in area 20 and the system checks to see if the passport was previously filed by the same person and to ensure that the data does not contain obvious errors;

3. The system notifies the operator if the data contains an error or if the applicant has previously applied for a passport. The operator can choose to continue or stop;

4. The operator makes the applicant pose to take a picture with the camera 6. The window 22 acts as a metaphor finder to ensure that the face image is properly positioned. The operator then clicks on the capture icon 25 to obtain the current image received from the camera 6. After obtaining the image the original image is displayed in window 22 and the compressed image is displayed in window 23;

5. The operator determines if the compressed image is good. If not, the operator repeats step 4.

6. The operator causes the applicant to place his finger on the fingerprint reader platen (9). The operator then clicks on the scan icon 27 to cause the fingerprint scanner 8 to take the applicant's fingerprint. The computer displays the scanned fingerprint in window 28 and calculates the fingerprint prototype from the raw fingerprint image data using the FIDS algorithm.

7. Once all the data (characters, face images and fingerprints) have been collected, the operator clicks on the record icon 30 to record the data in the ePassport 12, the printer 11 prints it, and the database 18 ( 2). Before writing to the passport, the system checks to see if the passport is blank and to read the tag number 14. If ePassport 12 is not blank, the system notifies the operator. The operator can decide whether to continue or stop.

Confirmation system

The verification is performed by comparing the characteristics of the person presenting the ePassport 12 with information stored in memory regarding the characteristics of the person who issued the ePassport 12, thereby providing the ePassport 12 and the ePassport 12 This is a process to check whether the same person of the issued person. The confirmation station operates in the same way as the registration station 13. The verification station does not need a read / write unit 4 that can write to the ePassport 12. The verification station typically consists of a computer 2, a read / write unit 4, a fingerprint reader 8, and a printer 11 as well as a graphical user interface that directs the operator during the verification process.

The confirmation process is as follows.

1. Place the ePassport 12 on the read / write platen 4.

2. The encrypted data is retrieved from the memory 47 and the tag number 14 is retrieved from the ASIC 46.

3. Decrypt the encrypted data (preferably using the tag number 14 as a key or key element) and display text data and face images on the screen of the computer 2 from the memory 47 of the ePassport 12. do.

4. The operator can compare the shape and text data displayed on the computer 2 with the face shape of the passport holder. The operator can also compare the displayed data with the data printed in human readable form on the passport. The computer 2 can also optionally compare the data retrieved from the ePassport with the information in the database 18. If any doubt arises due to differences in character data or questions about the identity of the passport image, the database and the passport holder's image, the operator may require fingerprint verification. If there are no questions, the operator passes the passport holder.

5. If fingerprint verification is required, the holder places his finger on the fingerprint reader platen (9). The holder's fingerprint is then scanned. The prototype is calculated by the FIDS algorithm on the scanned fingerprint data. The software then compares the calculated fingerprint circle with the fingerprint circle stored in the ePassport 12. If there is a match, the holder is allowed to pass; If not, the holder will have to stay for further investigation. It is desirable that the color spectrum of the holder's finger be measured when the finger is scanned to ensure that the holder presented the actual finger. Most preferably, the scanner only scans three-dimensional objects located on the platen 9 so that fingerprints copied on paper cannot be used. The platen is coated with a standard contact active coating to ensure contact of the platen with the finger even in the case of dry fingers.

5 schematically illustrates a network system using a central database, a regional database, a local government office and a plurality of RFID cards and a fingerprint and photo recognition system according to the present invention.

Providing a large memory 47 to the ID card can increase the price. In order to increase the capacity for storing data in the ePassport 12, the passport 12 may include a modification of an RFID card with a high capacity data storage medium. The data storage medium is preferably a write once read many (WORM) medium, such as an magneto-optical (OMC) strip. The data on the OMC strip 48 is preferably at least partially encrypted using the tag number 14 so that forgery of the data on the OMC strip is prevented in the same way that the data in the memory 47 is forged.

By providing a mixed data storage system composed of an electronic memory 47 and an OMC strip 48 in the ePassport 12, the ePassport 12 is given a memory area that is 1000 times larger than a conventional smart card.

Unlike conventional CD-ROMs, not all memory areas within OMC strip 48 are written and need to be used in one step. Information can be recorded at any time in the free area. The OMC device 48 may have a capacity of 6 megabytes, for example.

The OMC strip 48 is logically divided into several memory pools or regions so that a plurality of different types of information having different purposes can be maintained. Each memory pool can be encoded and decoded by different algorithms, each using tag number 14 as a key. By controlling the access to the algorithms needed to decode the information in a particular sector of the OMC strip 48, the access to the information stored in that sector can be limited to only those with software or hardware executing the correct algorithm.

The OMC strip 48 may include, for example, personal information (for private use such as police and government; for military use, and for private use such as qualifications); Medical information (medical features such as blood type, disease, final treatment, etc.); Scanned personal signature; Digital recorded voice samples; renewal ; And / or to store a copy of the information stored in the programmable tag.

Apply another ID

The techniques described above in relation to passports can be used for many other applications. For example, a wide range of RFID cards 44 (see FIG. 4) may store dynamic and static personal data such as the name, date of birth, last name, address, etc. of the person who issued the RFID card. Along with these data, information may be stored about the PIN identity and one or more biometric characteristics such as fingerprints, signatures, and photographs.

The components of the card 44 operate substantially the same as the components of the ePassport 12 as described above. The card 44 (see FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D) may have classified personal data about the holder printed on the front side (FIG. 4B). This information is typically the same as the information printed on a conventional passport, driver's license or other type of ID card. For example, the holder's face, name, address, registration number, etc. may be printed on the front surface of the card 44. This visible information can be used when the card reader has failed.

The selection of information to be stored in the card 44 depends on the purpose of the card 44. Card 44 may include a driver's license, insurance card, voter card, credit card, bank card, debit card, employment card, immigration card, passport storing visa information, specific places and buildings; Bank safes; Computer and data network; Or special functional equipment (eg keys of the decryption unit); It can be used in a variety of applications, including security ID cards and military ID cards to control access to security devices such as automated teller machines. One RFID card 44 may retain enough data to extract all these functions such that a sufficiently large memory 47 and / or a sufficient high capacity WORM medium 48 is provided.

Health-related information such as blood type, serious illness, allergy, etc. may be partially stored in the memory 47 of the card 44. This allows quick access to these important medical information at low cost in an emergency. If necessary, additional health related information may be stored in the OMC memory area 48.

Card 44 may exert several abilities simultaneously. The person with the multifunctional RFID card 44 does not need to use several cards inconveniently depending on the application.

Preferably, card 44 is a standard ISO credit card size and weight, i.e., 55 mm high, 1 mm thick, about 6 grams or less.

It is not necessary to store the raw data indicative of the biological characteristics of the holder in the card 44. Instead, raw data representing biometrics can be compressed or rounded. The compressed or original data is then stored in the card 44.

4A shows a side cross-section of a three-layered RF-ID card 44 according to the present invention. 4B shows the front and front panel 40 of the RF-ID card. 4C shows a front view of an intermediate layer of an RF-ID card with a schematic ASIC 46, memory 47, tag 14, radio circuit 49, and antenna 50. As shown in FIG. 4D is a back view showing the back 43 of the RF-ID card to which the optional magnetic (OMC) strip 48 can be attached as described above.

6 is a front view of the confirmation station 52 for confirming the identity of the person holding the RFID proximity card 44. Confirmation station 52 may operate without a person. The confirmation station 52 is built in a sturdy protective casing. The device 52 can be attached, for example, to the outside of a door leading to a secure area.

The verification station 52 has conventional computer electronic hardware and software (not shown) inside the casing. Alternatively, computer systems and other electronic systems may be connected to remote computers and electronic devices.

In front of the confirmation station 52 is mounted an RFID card proximity reader 54, a fingerprint platen 56 and an RFID card receiving slot. The reader 54 reads data from the memory 47 of the card 44, including the tag number 14 and the fingerprint and picture of the person who issued the card 44.

While the reader 54 can read an RFID card within a predetermined proximity, it has a slot 58 that can be read by using an appropriate card reader that physically receives the RFID card and is held in the housing. Doing so has advantages in many cases. Slot 58 of the device preferably receives an RFID card in the same manner as an automatic teller machine that accepts conventional bank cards. If the card has expired when the card 44 is located in the slot 58 or if the user fails to verify the card, the card 44 remains in the device 52.

The front of the device 52 also has a display such as a color monitor 60 and a keyboard 61. The monitor 60 gives the RFID card holder an appropriate instruction. When the device 52 is operated by the caretaker, the monitor 60 electronically reads the RFID card to display a picture image 64 of the card holder. The monitor 60 also displays personal information of the RFID card holder retrieved from the RFID card 44 along with the fingerprint image 62 as the holder's fingerprint is scanned. The keyboard 61 allows the RFID card holder to interact with the device 52 by punching a PIN or in response to an operational branch displayed by a computer or remote computer in the device.

An electronic scanning camera 69 is mounted behind the one-way glass at the top of the device 52. The electronic scanning camera 69 scans the RFID card holder electronically when the RFID card holder drives the device 52 by driving the proximity reader 54 with the RFID card or by inserting the RFID card into the slot 58. Shoot.

The front of the casing of the device 52 preferably has an alarm light 68 which can be for example a strobe, a light bulb or an LED, and an alarm sound 70 which can be for example a piezoelectric alarm sound. Alarm light 68 and alarm sound 70 may operate when device 52 detects a fraudster using card 44.

The device 52 provides an ATM for payment by providing a money pay slot 72, a data slip release slot 73, and suitable control software, for example, as used in conventional automated teller machines. Can be used).

The RFID card 44 allows the holder to present the RFID card to the RFID card proximity reader 54 by holding the RFID card close to the reader plate 54 or by pressing the card 44 against the plate 54 to allow the device 52. Activate Alternatively, the device 52 may require an RFID card 44 to be inserted into the slot 58. The cardholder then presses the platen 56 with his finger with the fingerprint and stands so that his face is in the range of the camera 69. The electronic camera 69 scans the face of the card holder. The device 52 may be configured to display on the monitor 60 an indication necessary for the cardholder to communicate with the device by entering data through the keyboard 61.

The device then compares the data retrieved from the RFID card with the data obtained from the cardholder. This comparison preferably compares the fingerprint prototype. The comparison may compare other biometric characteristics, such as the holder's photograph. If the data matches (52), specific measures are taken, such as unlocking the door, logging on the computer system, and allowing access to the bank account. If they do not match, no action is taken and the alarm light 68 is turned on and the alarm sound 70 is activated and the card 44 remains in the slot 58.

It will be appreciated that other hardware and devices may be added to device 52 or certain devices may be removed if unnecessary. For example, the cash payment slot 72 and data sleep slot 73 are unnecessary if the device 52 is used only for security purposes.

7 is a schematic side view of an RFID card 44 and a proximity reader 54 that reads the card electronically.

Use of RFID Cards

It can be appreciated that the RFID card 44 according to the present invention can be used in many other ways as well as in combination. Some preferred arrangements and use of the card 44 are as follows.

1. Visual confirmation. Like all other ID cards, the RFID card 44 according to the present invention can confirm the information printed on the surface by visual inspection. Whether the character data on the surface (FIG. 4B) is plausible and the photographic image of the surface can be cross checked with the face of the card holder.

2. Tag read confirmation. Since a low cost RF proximity card reader (see 54 in FIG. 7) is used, data can be retrieved from the memory 47 in the ASIC 46 of the middle layer 42 of the card 44 and displayed on the monitor 60. have. The displayed information includes electronically processed and stored fingerprints and photographs. Since encryption is applied (see FIG. 5), matching non-volatile key data pairs will be correctly displayed. The displayed text information can be cross-checked with the name, address, etc. printed on the surface of the RFID card. The reader 54 may be installed, for example, in a public office, a police car, a gate entrance, or the like.

3. Fingerprint verification. If a 64-bit fingerprint prototype is used (as described above), the fingerprint prototype can be stored in the memory 47 in the ASIC 46 and thus retrieved by the tag reader. By using a local fingerprint reader, the holder's fingerprint prototype can be determined and compared with the stored fingerprint prototype. On-line connection is unnecessary. This provides a high reliable confirmation.

4. Check the on-line terminal. As with all other ID cards, the card 44 according to the present invention has printed information that can be input to a confirmation terminal connected on-line to its surface. The data entered in this way can be used to query the central database 18 (or local system) which responds with complete information and digital photographic images, which can be displayed on the confirmation terminal.

5. On-line readout. Like the terminal identification method described above in 4., this method requires a connection terminal to query the central database (see FIG. 5). However, there is no need to enter data, and the question is preferably generated from the information read out of the card 44 by the proximity card reader.

6. On-line read / fingerprint verification is a combination of reader and fingerprint scanning device that retrieves data from memory 47. The data read from the memory 47 via the proximity card reader 54 is used to generate a query to the central database 18. If the data in the central database 18 matches the information in the memory 47, the cardholder places his finger on the platen 56. The cardholder's fingerprint is scanned. The prototype is calculated from the holder's fingerprint and compared with the prototype stored in the central database 18 to verify the cardholder's identity.

In view of the above description, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications or variations can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the claims of the present application.

As described above, according to the identification method, apparatus and system according to the present invention, in identifying whether a person is a person who is issued an ID card by using the biological characteristics of the individual, it is cost-effective and highly secure. There is an excellent effect that can be reliably confirmed.

Claims (24)

In how to identify an individual, a. Directing a portable radio frequency identification member comprising a memory to a radio frequency proximity reader, the memory comprising digitized personal data of the individual, fingerprint and photographic data, the member transferring data from the memory to the proximity reader; Radio frequency data transmission means for transmitting; b. Transmit the personal data, fingerprint and picture data to the proximity reader via the radio frequency data transmission means; c. Receive the personal data, fingerprint and photo data at the proximity reader and transmit the personal data and fingerprint data to a digital computer; d. Scanning the fingerprint of the individual with an electronic fingerprint scanner coupled to the proximity reader to transmit the scanned fingerprint to the computer; e. The personal data and fingerprint data transmitted from the proximity reader and the fingerprint data transmitted from the scanner are analyzed in the computer, and the scanned fingerprint data and the personal data and fingerprint data transmitted from the proximity reader are adjusted and confirmed. And displaying a match or inconsistency between the fingerprint data scanned by the computer, the data transmitted from the proximity reader, and the fingerprint data to the person or another person monitoring the computer means. . The method of claim 1, And wherein said member has an immutable memory including a tag number, and wherein said transmitting said personal data, fingerprint, and photo data comprises transmitting said tag number to said proximity reader. The method of claim 2, The personal data and fingerprint and picture data in the member's memory are encrypted, and the method further comprises encrypting the personal data, fingerprint and picture data after it has been received by the proximity reader. Way. The method of claim 3, And wherein said tag number is used as a key in said encryption step of said personal data, fingerprint, and picture data. The method of claim 4, wherein The fingerprint scanning step includes a measurement of the color spectrum of the human finger, comparing the measured color spectrum with the color spectrum range expected from a living human finger, and generating an alarm condition if the measured color spectrum is not within the range. Personal identification method, characterized in that. The method of claim 4, wherein The fingerprint data includes a first fingerprint circle stored in the member, the fingerprint circle consists of a binary number, the scanned fingerprint image is processed to generate a second fingerprint circle, and the analyzing step includes the first and second fingerprint circles. Personal identification method comprising the step of comparing the fingerprint prototype. The method of claim 6, The first fingerprint prototype is stored in a memory of a chip embedded in the member and stored in a computer database accessible to the computer, and when the individual is recognized and identified, the prototype stored in the member is compared with the prototype stored in the computer database. Personal identification method, characterized in that. The method of claim 7, wherein And wherein said analyzing step comprises displaying said photo data on a monitor. The method of claim 8, Wherein said radio frequency identification member comprises an antenna and said antenna comprises a microwire embedded in said card. The method of claim 9, Directing the portable radio frequency identification member to the reader transmits a radio signal to the member, receives a radio signal from the member, rectifies the radio signal within the member to power the electronic circuitry within the member; Personal identification method comprising the steps of providing. In how to identify an individual, a. And a portable radio frequency identification member having programmable memory means in a radio frequency proximity reader of a particular frequency, said member being capable of fingerprinting and photographing data of said individual's digitized personal data to said proximity reader of said particular frequency. A radio frequency data transmission means, said radio frequency proximity reader reading said personal data, fingerprint data and photo data by said radio frequency data transmission means to digitally program said personal data, fingerprint and photo data to said computer means. Send; b. Directing the fingerprint of the individual to an electronic fingerprint scanning means coupled to the radio frequency identification proximity reader, the scanning means scanning the fingerprint to transmit the scanned fingerprint to the digital programmable computer means; c. Photographing the individual electronically and transmitting the electronic photo data to a computer means to compare with the photo data stored in the radio frequency identification member; d. Analyze the personal data and fingerprint data transmitted by the radio frequency identification proximity reader by the programmable computer means and the fingerprint data sent by the scanning means, and the fingerprint data and the wireless data transmitted by the scanning means. Adjusting and confirming the personal and fingerprint data transmitted by the frequency verifying proximity reader, and matching or inconsistency between the fingerprint and data and the data transmitted by the radio frequency verifying proximity reader by the programmable computer means. Or displaying the computer means to another person who monitors the computer means. In the device for verifying and verifying the identity of the individual, a. A scanner for generating first digital fingerprint data by scanning a finger of the individual and transferring the first digital fingerprint data from the scanner to a computer running computer software; b. A radio frequency identification proximity readable card having a memory for storing second digitized fingerprint data representing characteristics of a personal fingerprint; And c. A radio frequency identification proximity reader for transmitting the programmed second digitized data from the memory in the radio frequency identification card to a computer, And wherein the program executed in the computer is configured to execute a match or mismatch between the first and second digital fingerprint data after the first and second digital fingerprint data are received from the computer. . The method of claim 12, And wherein the card has an immutable memory location that includes a tag identification number. The method of claim 13, And a decryption system in which said second digitized fingerprint data is encrypted and said device decrypts said second digital fingerprint data. The method of claim 14, And wherein said decryption system is adapted to decrypt said second digital fingerprint data using said tag identification number. The method of claim 15, And an electronic camera for scanning the face of the individual to generate a digitized photographic image. The method of claim 15, And wherein the second digital fingerprint data comprises a circle having a binary string representing the characteristics of the fingerprint of the individual. The method of claim 13, The radio frequency identification card includes an antenna having a microwire embedded in the card, the card having means for driving an ASIC in the card when the antenna receives radio waves of a specific frequency, the ASIC radio radio waves. Personal identification device, characterized in that the power is supplied to operate with energy extracted from the data transfer from the memory to the proximity reader. No content In a system that checks and verifies the identity of each individual in a group of people, a. A plurality of proximity readable ID cards assigned to each individual in the group, each ID card being: (Iii) an immutable memory location comprising a tag identification number unique to each ID card among a plurality of ID cards; (Ii) includes personal data specific to said individual, said data comprising fingerprint data indicative of the characteristics of said individual's fingerprint; (Iii) means for transmitting the tag identification code and the personal data to a proximity card reader; b. At least one registration station, (Iii) a registration station scanner for scanning a fingerprint of the individual to generate fingerprint data indicative of the characteristic of the individual; And (Ii) a proximity card recorder for transferring fingerprint data for storage in a memory in one of the ID cards; c. At least one verification station, (Iii) a proximity card reader for reading a tag identification number and personal data from one of said ID cards; (Ii) a verification station scanner that scans the fingerprint of the individual to generate fingerprint comparison data indicative of the characteristics of the finger fingerprint; And (Iii) connected to a proximity card reader and a verification station scanner and comparing fingerprint data read from the proximity card reader with fingerprint comparison data received from the scanner to confirm whether the fingerprint data and the fingerprint comparison data have the same characteristics of the fingerprint. A personal identification system comprising a computer. The method of claim 20, And said personal data on said ID card is encrypted using said tag identification number as a key. The method of claim 21, Wherein each of said ID cards has a WORM memory in addition to said immutable memory location and said memory, said WORM memory comprising additional data encrypted using said tag verification method as a key. The method of claim 22, The WORM memory comprises a plurality of logical data storage areas, each of the plurality of logical data storage areas including a portion of the encrypted additional data, and the encrypted data is different from the logical data storage area. Personal identification system, characterized in that the encryption using the tag identification number according to the encryption algorithm and other encryption algorithm used to encrypt the data of the part. The method of claim 22, And wherein the immutable memory location is an ASIC and circuitry for the ASIC to transfer the memory and data to either of the proximity readers.