KR102480730B1 - Wireless-base solar power plant system - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar power generation system based on IoT (Internet of Thing) and wireless communication device technology is disclosed. The photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention is communicably connected to one or more photovoltaic power generation facilities and servers, and the server and the one or more photovoltaic power generation facilities through wired or wireless communication, and is also connected to a public electric communication network by wire or wirelessly. The present invention relates to a management system for a solar power generation facility including a server-side gateway and one or more manager terminals communicatively connected to the server-side gateway through a public telecommunications network.

Description

Wireless-driven solar power generation system {WIRELESS-BASE SOLAR POWER PLANT SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a solar power generation system, and more particularly, to a solar power generation system based on IoT (Internet of Thing) and wireless communication device technology.

Photovoltaic power generation facilities with a lifespan of about 20 years began to spread about 10 years ago and are now gradually being equipped with a system. there is.

Since the solar cell, which is the core of the photovoltaic power generation facility, is installed outside, it is exposed to various foreign substances such as natural snow, rain, and dust. These foreign substances are easy to accumulate on the solar cell, and the accumulated foreign substances physically block sunlight, reducing the amount of power generated by the solar cell and eventually leading to a decrease in the overall power generation of the photovoltaic power generation facility. The possibility of individual failure of the photovoltaic power generation facility to which the solar cell is connected also increases.

Therefore, maintenance before and after the operation of photovoltaic power generation facilities is essential, and in the maintenance of these photovoltaic power generation facilities, it is most important for managers to detect abnormalities or failures of the photovoltaic power generation facilities.

In particular, it is important to individually determine which of the solar cells included in the solar power facility is faulty and which one is out of order. This is because they are installed on a wide area of land and these facilities are operated unmanned.

Therefore, there is a demand for a means for diagnosing the failure of each solar cell or the presence or absence of an abnormal operation and status from a remote location, and the means for diagnosing the failure of each solar cell or the presence or absence of an abnormal operation are developed and provided in various forms. It is becoming. For example, Patent Registration No. 10-1023445 provides a solar cell module remote monitoring and control system. The registered patent includes a solar cell module control device including a sensor sensing unit and a switching unit for detecting voltage and current, a connection terminal box equipped with the solar cell module control unit, and a central control system, Provided is a solar cell module remote monitoring and control system in which the state of the solar cell module is measured according to a data transmission command and the central control system controls the operating state of each part accordingly.

In addition, Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0111744 provides a method for setting a wireless communication network of a photovoltaic monitoring system.

The above published patent proposes a method of configuring a digital wireless network to operate as a single huge network by combining a plurality of independent digital wireless communication networks distinguished by PAN IDs and installing a supernetwork thereon.

And Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0126844 is a sequential wireless transmission system of monitoring data for solar power generation facilities, and Registration Patent No. 10-1777195 is a connection board for solar power generation devices having a remote monitoring system for fault diagnosis of solar power generation. are starting

It was determined that the above registered patents and published patents were different from the present invention in specific components or operating methods, and other methods for monitoring and controlling solar cells disclosed in various ways also differ in configuration and operation from the present invention. were judged to be different.

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system in a form different from the above technologies, and more particularly, in a composite sensor module implemented by fusing communication device technology with sensor modules for smoke and temperature, humidity sensors, current and voltage sensors. Its purpose is to provide a solar power generation system that monitors the entire data by transmitting acquired data to a server through a wired/wireless communication module and sharing information for each power generation system.

One or more photovoltaic power generation facilities and servers, a server-side gateway communicatively connected to the server and the one or more photovoltaic facilities by wire or wireless, and also connected to a public telecommunications network by wire or wirelessly, and the server side A management system for solar power generation facilities including one or more manager terminals communicatively connected to a gateway through a public telecommunications network,

Each of the one or more photovoltaic facilities includes one or more solar cells; a connection board communicably connected to the one or more solar cells by wire or wirelessly; and a power-generating gateway communicatively connected to the access panel by wire or wirelessly, wherein the server includes a communication unit communicatively connected to the server-side gateway by wire or wirelessly; a database unit for classifying and storing one or more pieces of data received through the communication unit; And a control unit for performing failure diagnosis and analysis using one or more data stored in the database unit, generating a result, and transmitting it to the manager terminal,

Each of the at least one manager terminal includes a display that visually provides information to a user and provides an interface required for input/output by the user; control application; And it provides a management system of a photovoltaic power generation facility including a terminal communication unit for communication with the server-side gateway.

In the above, one or more solar cells are each a power generation measurer for measuring the power generation of the corresponding solar cell; voltage meter to measure voltage; Current meter to measure the current; And a communication device for transmitting the generation amount, voltage, and current data generated by the measurement of the generation amount measuring device, the voltage measuring device, and the current measuring device.

At least three or more solar cells are configured, and any one of the communication devices included in the three or more solar cells is communicatively connected to the connection panel in a wired or wireless manner, and the other two or more communication devices are connected to each other. It is preferable that the communication devices connected to the half are communicatively connected to each other wirelessly in the form of a linear network topology.

For at least three or more communication devices connected in a wireless communication method in a linear network topology form as described above, in order to transmit data to another communication device connected to itself, communication that determines whether the transmission destination value and the receiving communication device value are the same Connection confirmation step (S11); In the step (S11), if the two values are the same, a data packet transmission step (S13) of transmitting a data packet (DP) including the position variable value (m) of the solar cell; A response packet transmission step (S14) in which the communication device receiving the data packet (DP) through the step (S13) transmits a response packet (RP) to the communication device that sent the data packet (DP); After the step (S14), a arrival comparison step (S15) of determining whether the position variable value (m) of the data packet (DP) matches the communication device number (n) of the communication device connected to the connection board; And, in the step S15, if the position variable value (m) is the same as the communication device number (n), the data packet (DP) is transmitted to the connection board to which the communication device receiving the data packet (DP) is connected. to complete the communication, and if the position variable value (m) is not the same as the communication device number (n) in the step (S15), the position variable adjustment step (S16) of adding 1 to the position variable value (m) ; After the step (S16) is performed, the receiver performs a notice step (S17) of transmitting the data packet (DP) to another communication device communicatively connected to the receiver wirelessly and transmits a notice packet (AP). A connection confirmation step (S11) is performed.

In the above, in the communication connection checking step (S11), if the transmission destination value and the receiving communication device value are not the same, the communication failure notification step (S12) of determining a communication error and notifying the result to the terminal 500 of the manager is performed. .

In the above, the data packet DP includes the amount of power generation, voltage and current data of the solar cell, a unique address of the solar cell, and position variable values of the solar cell.

In the above, the database unit includes an external DB for separately storing data provided through a public telecommunications network; A power generation DB for storing data provided by the photovoltaic power generation facilities by classifying them; And it is preferable to include a processing DB for storing data processed by the control unit.

In the above, the control unit includes a data cleaning program for removing or correcting defective or missing data according to a predetermined defect standard with respect to one or more data stored in the database unit; a data formatting program for generating new data by easily converting and processing one or more pieces of data stored in the database unit for easy analysis, and storing the data in the database unit; a failure diagnosis program for determining whether a solar cell in the photovoltaic facility has a failure according to a failure criterion determined for one or more data stored in the database unit; And an analysis and prediction program for generating target data by analyzing and predicting using one or more data stored in the database unit and providing the target data to the manager terminal.

Any one of the failure criteria determined above is compared with the minimum threshold value Pmin and the maximum threshold value Pmax, which are preset with respect to the generation threshold value Pn, and the generation threshold value Pn is less than the minimum threshold value Pmin. Or, if it exceeds the maximum threshold value (Pmax), it may be determined as failure, and otherwise, it may be determined as normal operation.

In the above, one of the predetermined failure criteria is to determine a failure if the accumulated power generation amount is 0 or decreases, and to judge it to be normal operation if not. can

In the above, the analysis and prediction program actually analyzes and predicts data to generate desired data, and calculates the target data, and performs data mining on the predicted data and data accumulated and stored in the database unit. It is desirable to include two functions of a function that increases the accuracy of prediction by doing so.

The analysis and prediction program in the above includes a neural network algorithm, and the analysis and prediction program allows the manager, through the manager terminal, to calculate specific data predetermined in the analysis and prediction program in order to calculate the data desired by the manager. Data generation request step of requesting generation (S21); After the step (S21), a neural network construction step (S22) of constructing a neural network divided into an input layer and an output layer by the analysis and prediction program; A data analysis step (S23) of analyzing data based on the neural network generated in step (S22); After the step (S23), a data generation step (S24) of generating at least two or more data including the target data and by-product data, and storing the by-product data in the external DB; Then, a terminal transmission step (S25) of transmitting the target data to the manager's terminal is performed.

According to the present invention, by minimizing wired communication lines between solar cells in a power generation facility, it is possible to minimize the risk of communication failure or disconnection and safety accidents due to a failure of a physical line, and also to effectively provide failure information to a manager. Yes, and the manager can provide the desired information.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the communication connection of the system of the present invention;
3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication connection within a photovoltaic power plant of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a structure diagram of data transmission and reception between communication devices of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a flow chart of data transmission and reception steps between communication devices of the present invention.
6 is a detailed structural diagram of a server and a terminal of the present invention;
7 is a flowchart of steps for generating target data in the server of the present invention;
8 to 10 are examples of terminal control applications of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description is intended to aid understanding and practice of the present invention, but does not limit the present invention thereto. Those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications, alterations or alterations may be made within the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims below.

1 is a simplified overall structural diagram of a solar power plant management system of the present invention. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1 , components used in the solar power plant management system of the present invention will be briefly described.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the solar power facility management system of the present invention includes one or more photovoltaic facilities 10 . The photovoltaic power generation facility 10 includes components of currently generally used photovoltaic power generation facilities, that is, one or more solar cells 100 and connection boards 200 that actually generate power, as well as one or more inverters and converters. All included.

Here, the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 of the present invention, in addition to the components of the general photovoltaic power generation facility as described above, includes a power generation gateway 310 for transmitting information or data by wired or wireless communication with the outside. Must contain one or more.

In addition, the system of the present invention includes one or more server-side gateways 320 capable of communicating by being connected to the power generation-side gateway 310 by wire or wirelessly, and information or information or information by wire or wirelessly with the server-side gateway 320. It includes a server 400 capable of transmitting and receiving data. Therefore, when information is transmitted from the photovoltaic facility 10 through the power generation gateway 310, the server gateway 320 receives it and transmits it to the server 400.

In addition, the server-side gateway 320 is connected to the Internet, that is, a public telecommunications network by wire or wirelessly, and transmits a data request signal to a specific site or server of the public telecommunications network, or provides information or data. It can be received and transmitted to the server 400 .

And the system of the present invention includes one or more terminals 500 used by a manager using the system of the present invention. The terminal 500 can visually provide a manager with an arithmetic device and a storage device capable of installing programs, a communication device that can be connected to a public telecommunications network by wire or wirelessly, and provided information, data, or output results. You can select and use any one or more of all types of devices that include a display. For example, you may use a desktop computer, laptop, tablet, or smartphone.

Figure 2 is a simplified view of the communication connection state between the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, the server 400 and terminal 500, and public telecommunication networks in the system of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 to 5 show this In the system of the present invention, a communication connection state and sequence between the photovoltaic facility 10 and the server 400 are shown in detail. Hereinafter, the communication form in the system of the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

As described above, the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 may provide data to the server 400 through its power generation gateway 310, at which time the data provided is the amount of power generation Pw and the measured voltage ( V) and current (I).

As shown in FIG. 3, each of the solar cells 100 in the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 measures the amount of electricity generated (Pw), voltage (V), and current (I) of the electrical energy produced by its own power generation. In order to measure, a power generation measuring device 110, a voltage measuring device 120, and a current measuring device 130 are installed, respectively.

Here, each configuration for measuring the amount of power generation (Pw), voltage (V), and current (I) of the measuring devices 110, 120, and 130, respectively, may use a currently generally used sensor or the like. Since the measuring method can also be used in a conventionally generally used method, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the solar cells 100 are each equipped with a communication device 140 for transmitting and receiving various data Pw, V, and I measured by the measuring devices 110, 120, and 130. do.

Here, the measuring devices 110 , 120 , and 130 and the communication device 140 are individually mounted in each solar cell 100 . For example, if another solar cell 2 (100b) in addition to solar cell 1 (100a) is included in the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, the solar cell 2 (100b) also has its respective power generation meter 110b and voltage A measuring device 120b, a current measuring device 130b, and a communication device 140b are installed.

As described above, each of the measuring devices 110, 120, and 130 individually installed in the solar cell 100 measures individual power generation (Pw1, Pw2...), voltage (V1, V2...), Currents I1, I2... are sent to the connecting board 200.

At this time, the connection state between the plurality of solar cells is connected in the same state as shown in FIG. 3, and the dotted line in FIG. 3 shows the connection state between the communication devices 140.

As shown in FIG. 3, the communication devices 140 are connected in the form of a linear network topology, and continue to transmit data to the communication devices connected to themselves for data transmission, and finally to the connection board 200. It takes the form of giving. For example, in order for the battery communication device 1 (140a) to finally transmit data to the connection board 200, the battery communication device 2 (140b), the battery communication device 3 (140c), and the battery communication device 4 (140d)... to the n-th (final) battery communication device 140n connected to the connection panel, and then the n-th battery communication device 140n transmits data transmitted by the battery communication device 1 (140a). Transmission of data can be achieved by transmitting data to the connection board 200 .

The reason for selecting and using the connection type as described above is the connection between the communication devices 140 and the connection between the communication device 140 and the connection board 200 and the power generation side gateway 310 in the connection board 200. Because it is preferable to do it wirelessly. As described in the effects of the present invention, one of the objects of the present invention is to completely exclude or minimize the wired communication connection between each component in the photovoltaic power plant 10 included in the system of the present invention, and all wireless communication This is because it is intended to eliminate the risk of communication failure or safety accidents due to the disadvantages of wired connection, for example, physical damage or breakdown of the line, electric leakage, etc. by connecting in a wired connection method.

However, due to the characteristics of the power generation facility 10 in which the solar cells 100 are widely spread and arranged, short wireless communication is a star in which all the communication devices 140 are directly connected to the connection panel 200 one-to-one. ), it is difficult to build a topological network. Therefore, by making the network form linear, all the communication devices 140 are connected to efficiently transmit data.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating data movement between the communication devices 140, and FIG. 5 is a flowchart summarizing the data movement sequence of FIG. 4. Referring to FIG. Hereinafter, a data transmission sequence between the communication devices 140 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

As described above, since a linear network topology is formed between the communication device 140, the access panel 200, and the power generation gateway 310, it is important to check exactly at which point data is transmitted between data transmissions. It is important. If the data generated and transmitted by the solar cell 1 (100a) is changed to that generated by other solar cells and transmitted to and from various communication devices, this is the measurement content of the solar cell 1 (100a), which is the subject of data transmission. Not only is it impossible to know if the solar cell is out of order by hiding it, but it is also possible to falsely inform the administrator that other solar cells that are normal are out of order, so the possibility of such an accident must be excluded.

Even if the extreme situation as described above is not assumed, a large amount of data must be processed in one direction through wireless communication, but there is a possibility that communication may be poor due to signals of transmitted and received packets overlapping each other. It is necessary to specify and use the protocol of .

Accordingly, communication is performed as shown in FIG. 4 . As shown in FIG. 4, the cell communication device 1 (140a) wirelessly connects the data generated by the sensors 110 to 130a of the solar cell 1 (100a) to the cell communication device 2 (140b). ) to transmit data wirelessly, prior to transmission, a communication connection check step (S11) is performed to determine whether the transmission destination value and the receiving communication device value are the same.

In the above step (S11), if the two values are not the same, it means that the communication is not smooth, so a communication failure notification step (S12) of declaring a communication failure and notifying the manager's terminal of the failure is performed to inform the manager of the failure of the communication facility. inform

And, if the two values are the same in step S11, it means that communication is being carried out smoothly, so a data packet transmission step (S13) of transferring the data packet DP to the battery communication device 2 (140b) is performed. do

The data packet (DP) transmitted in the step (S13) is the power generation amount (Pw1) and voltage (V1) of the solar cell 1 (100a) derived by measuring with various measuring devices connected to the cell communication device 1 (140a). ) and current (I1) data, the solar cell 1, which is an ID or unique number that is uniquely determined by the manager in advance and can exclusively identify the solar cell 1 (100a) within the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 It is preferable to include the unique address (addr) of and the position variable value (m) of the corresponding solar cell 1. For example, the position variable value (m) of the solar cell may be set to 1 as shown in FIG. 4, and the position variable value (m) is a value that increases as transmission between communication devices is repeated. .

As described above, since the unique address (addr) and the location variable value (m) are included in the data packet (DP), the server 400 can recognize where the data packet (DP) was issued, and also the The data packet DP can be stably transmitted to the connecting board 200.

As described above, if the data packet DP is transmitted to the battery communication device 2 (140b) through the transmission step (S13), the battery communication device 2 (140b) is connected to itself. and a response packet transmission step (S14) of transmitting a response packet (RP) informing that the data packet (DP) has been received to the battery communication device 1 (140a) that has transmitted the data packet (DP) to itself. do.

The battery communication device 1 (140a) can recognize that the data packet (DP) transmitted by itself is successfully delivered by receiving the response packet (RP).

After the step S14, the arrival comparison step S15 is performed to compare the position variable value m in the data packet DP with the last communication device number n.

If, in the step S15, if the value of the position variable (m) is the same as the number (n) of the last communication device, communication is completed, and the last communication device (140n) sends the data packet (DP) to the connection panel. You need to send

And, if the position variable value (m) and the last communication device number (n) do not match, it means that the data packet (DP) has not yet reached the last communication device (140n), so the position variable value (m) ) is added to the position variable adjustment step (S16).

Through the above step (S16), the data packet (DP) moves in one direction along the connected wireless communication network while the position value (m) accumulates and increases, and can finally move to the last communication device (140n). .

After the above step S16, notice that the data packet will be transmitted to the communication device having the current data packet DP, here, the battery communication device 2 connected to the battery communication device 3 having a higher communication device number by 1 than itself. A notice step (S17) of transmitting an notice packet (AP), which is a notice signal to be performed, is performed.

After the step S17 is recursive and the communication connection check step S11 is performed to check whether the communication is smooth, the data packet DP moves to the last communication device 140n along the step-by-step network, Communication can be completed by performing the step S18 in the last communication device 140n.

As described above, when the data packet DP including each of the power generation amount (Pw), voltage (V), and current (I1) data is transmitted to the connection board 200, the connection board 200 is the power generation side gateway. 310, and the generation-side gateway 310 transmits it to the connected server-side gateway 320, and the server-side gateway 320 receives the generation amount (Pw), voltage (V) and current (I) By transmitting data to the server 400, each power generation data Pw, V, and I in the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 is transmitted to the server 400.

In addition, the server 400 may collect and receive various types of data from an external telecommunication network for fire detection, failure diagnosis, and data analysis of the photovoltaic facility. Preferably, the temperature (t), atmospheric pressure (p), humidity (wt), Solar radiation (wq), wind (wn), total cloudiness (c), sunrise time (sr), and sunset time (ss) data can be provided through open API (Application Programming Interface) such as Meteorological Administration data and OpenWeather.

For example, if the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 is installed in Sejong City, weather data (t, p, wt, wq, wn, c, sr, ss) of Sejong City through Meteorological Agency data and OpenWeather API to be provided

In addition, the manager's terminal 500 can also receive processed data from the server 400 through a public telecommunication line such as the Internet.

6 is a structural diagram showing specific components of the server 400 and the terminal 500. Hereinafter, detailed components and operations of the server 400 and the terminal 500 will be described with reference to FIG. 6 .

Prior to the description, the server 400 includes one or more arithmetic devices and storage devices for performing functions and operations described below, which can be achieved using a general server computer or other computer devices. Descriptions of components and operations are omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6, the server 400 is connected to the server-side gateway 320 by wire or wirelessly and includes a communication unit 410 capable of receiving data transmitted from the server-side gateway 320; And it includes a database unit 420 for storing data received through the communication unit 410 and provided from public telecommunication lines such as the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and the Internet.

At this time, the database unit 420 preferably includes an external DB 421, a power generation DB 422, and a processing DB 423. , Preferably, the meteorological data (t, p, wt, wq, wn, c, sr, ss) is classified by date and stored.

If there are two or more photovoltaic power generation facilities 10, if it is necessary to store weather data (t, p, wt, wq, wn, c, sr, ss) of two or more regions, the weather DB ( 421), it is desirable to configure sub-databases classified by region and store them individually.

In addition, it is preferable that the power generation DB 422 classify and store the power generation data (Pw, V, I) provided by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 by date.

If there are two or more photovoltaic power generation facilities 10, if it is necessary to store each of the power generation data (Pw, V, I) provided from two or more photovoltaic power generation facilities 10, the power generation DB ( 421), it is desirable to configure sub-databases classified by facility and store them individually.

In addition, as described above, the power generation data (Pw, V, I) is the individual power generation amount (Pw1, Pw2...) of each solar cell 100 even within the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, , V2 ...) and currents (I1, I2 ...) are individually sent to the server 400, and the power generation DB 422 includes each solar cell (even within the photovoltaic power generation facility 10). 10), it is preferable to separately store each power generation data (Pw, V, I). For example, in order to individually store power generation data (Pw1, V1, I1) for solar cell 1 (100), it is preferable to store the power generation DB 421 divided into three layers. In the entire power generation DB 421, which is a layer, it is divided into a layer for the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and a layer for the individual solar cells 100 as a lower layer, and the power generation data (Pw1, V1 of the solar cells 100) , I1) are preferably stored separately.

The reason for doing this is to enable individual fire detection and failure diagnosis for each solar cell 100 even within the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 .

The server 400 includes a control unit 430 for producing data by performing fire detection, failure diagnosis, and analysis using various data stored in the database unit 420 .

The control unit 430 includes a data cleaning program 431, a data formatting program 432, a failure diagnosis program 433, and an analysis and prediction program 434 to perform the above operations.

Describing the components in the control unit 430, the data cleaning program 431 removes and corrects defective or missing data according to predetermined defect criteria for various data stored in the database unit 420. It is a program that can be used for data analysis.

At this time, the manager may determine and input the predetermined defect criteria set in the data cleaning program 431 . For example, if a value that is too low or too high for the amount of power generation (Pw) of any solar cell in the above data continues, it will be a failure of the corresponding solar cell or a failure of the measuring device, but the excessively low or high value is only made for a short time. If it is, it is judged as noise and the data cleaning program 431 removes it and corrects it according to the set defect criteria.

As described above, data that has passed through the data cleaning program 431 is updated and stored in the database unit 420 where it was stored.

In addition, the data formatting program 432 is a program that converts and processes various types of data stored in the database unit 420 for easy analysis.

Here, the newly produced data processed through the data formatting program 432 is a separate database allocated to a lower layer in the database unit 420, for example, as shown in FIG. It may be stored in the DB 423.

The failure diagnosis program 433 is a program that determines whether or not there is a failure of various data stored in the database unit 420 according to a predetermined failure criterion and notifies the terminal 500 of the manager.

At this time, the manager may determine and input the predetermined failure criterion set in the failure diagnosis program 433 . For example, if an excessively low or high value for the amount of power generation (Pw) of any solar cell among the above data continues, it is likely that the corresponding solar cell is out of order or the meter is out of order, so the manager can take action by notifying this. is to allow

Table 1 below is an example of failure diagnosis criteria that can be used in the failure diagnosis program 433.

data status Explanation normal When data reception is smooth and there is no failure, it is judged as “normal”. broken Exceeding the generation threshold (proportional to facility capacity)
1. Current power generation threshold (Pn) = Time difference between last data time and current data × Power generation per minute
2. Power generation per minute (Pw/m) = Power generation capacity (Pw) / min
3. Minimum threshold and maximum threshold settings, failure judgment when the current power generation threshold is below the minimum threshold or exceeds the maximum threshold protocol error 1. In case the data from the communication device does not conform to the established protocol (when the data size does not match or when the power factor exceeds 100%)
2. If the cumulative power generation (or production) is null cumulative value 0 1. When the cumulative power generation (or production) is 0 cumulative value decrease 1. If the cumulative power generation (or production) has decreased compared to the previous value Transmission value error 1. If the value to be transmitted does not come

For example, with the failure criterion in Table 1, there may be an error determination for the amount of power generation (Pw). 100), the generation amount per minute (Pw/m) and the current generation amount threshold Pn may be calculated with respect to the generation amount Pw.

Here, the minimum threshold Pmin and the maximum threshold Pmax are set in order to determine whether there is a failure with the current power generation threshold Pn, which is calculated and input by the manager in advance when the system of the present invention is built. is the value The control unit 430 compares the current power generation threshold Pn with the minimum threshold Pmin and the maximum threshold Pmax, and if the current power generation threshold Pn is less than the minimum threshold Pmin or the maximum If it has a value exceeding the threshold Pmax, it is determined to be a failure and notified to the manager's terminal 500, otherwise it is determined to be normal.

To explain another failure criterion, there is a communication protocol error. If the step S12 is performed due to an error between the communication devices 140 or other communication errors are detected, it may be determined that the communication device has a failure.

As another example, the failure criterion relates to an accumulated value of power generation. In the database unit 420, the continuously measured power generation (Pw) of the day for each solar cell will be stored hourly, and the cumulative power generation (or production) of the day, which is the sum of these, continues to increase even though there are deviations. , you will be able to see that it is working normally. However, if the cumulative power generation (or production) is 0 or decreases, this means that the measured power generation (Pw) is 0 or has a negative (-) value, which means that the corresponding solar cell is out of order or the meter Since there is a possibility of a failure, etc., it can be determined as a failure and notified to the terminal 500 .

Alternatively, if data to be received and stored every hour is not received in the database unit 420, since there is a possibility that one or more of the measuring instrument or the data transmission/reception component is out of order, it is determined to be a failure and the terminal 500 will be notified of this.

In addition, if it is not included in the above failure criteria, it is determined as a normal operating state.

In addition, the analysis and prediction program 434 analyzes and predicts various data stored in the database unit 420 and the various data stored in the processing DB 423 to generate data required by the manager It functions to provide this to the terminal 500.

At this time, the data required by the manager is set in the controller 430 in advance when the manager constructs the system of the present invention. In addition, in order for the analysis and prediction program 434 to generate the data required by the manager, the data formatting program 432 generates data that is a basis for calculating the data required by the manager as processed data. and stored in the processing DB 423.

Therefore, data transmitted from the solar power generation facility 10 to the server 400, data provided from a public telecommunications network such as the Internet, and data generated and stored by the data formatting program 432 are all It is determined by the administrator when constructing the system of the present invention, and all the data in the above descriptions are desirable examples. Likewise, the data presented below are also examples, and those skilled in the art will be able to understand these processes and products.

If the operation and output of the analysis and prediction program 434 are described as an example, the analysis and prediction program 434 largely includes two functions. One is to analyze data to actually generate data desired by the manager. The other is to increase the accuracy of the prediction by performing data mining on the predicted data and the data accumulated and stored in the existing database unit 420.

Therefore, for the latter function, it is preferable that the analysis and prediction program 434 include an easy-to-learn neural network algorithm, and the analysis and prediction program 434 is configured according to the prediction in the processing DB 423. It is desirable to accumulate result data and store them separately.

Based on the above two functions, the operation of the analysis and prediction program 434 will be described as an example. Of the data that the analysis and prediction program 434 can produce and provide to the terminal 500, Either one may be power generation trend analysis and prediction data (Power Estimate Data; PED).

As described above, the sequence for producing the power generation trend analysis data (PED) is shown in FIG. 7 . Hereinafter, how the power generation trend analysis data (PED) is generated in the analysis and prediction program 434 will be described with reference to FIG. 7 .

Prior to the description, the generation of the power generation trend analysis and prediction data (PED) is described below as an example, and the remaining data in addition to the power generation trend analysis and prediction data (PED) are the same as Through the following description, those skilled in the art will be able to understand how data other than the power generation trend analysis and prediction data (PED) is analyzed to derive resultant data.

Based on the above description, a data calculation method of the analysis and prediction program 434 will be described.

In order to generate the power generation trend analysis data (PED), a data generation request step (S21) in which the manager requests generation of predetermined specific data, in this case, the power generation trend analysis data (PED) through his terminal 500 carry out

When the step S21 is executed, the analysis and prediction program 434 performs a neural network constructing step S22 to construct a neural network in order to generate the target data PED.

In the neural network generated in step S22, the input layer and the output layer may be set in advance when the manager constructs the system of the present invention. For example, in generating the power generation trend analysis data (PED), it is preferable that the input layer be meteorological data and the output layer be power generation data.

After the step (S22) is performed, a data analysis step (S23) of analyzing data based on the neural network generated in the step (S22) is performed.

As described above, in the data analysis step (S23), the input layer to the neural network for generating the target data (PED) becomes weather data. At this time, the weather data is stored in the external DB (421). It may be any one of various weather data, for example, the weather data (t, p, wt, wq, wn, c, sr, ss) described above.

In addition, the meteorological data may be weather forecast data provided by a public telecommunication network such as the Internet. Since the weather data stored in the external DB 321 is generally determined weather data in the past, the forecast data is public It is desirable to be provided through the telecommunications network of

In addition, data that can be used in the step (S23) is predicted generation amount data that has been produced in the past and is stored in the processing DB 423. The predicted power generation data produced in the past is classified and stored as predicted power generation data generated as a by-product while producing the targeted power generation trend analysis data (PED) through the steps shown in FIG. 9 in the past. The forecast, the predicted generation amount calculated accordingly, and the hit rate according to the weather and power generation prediction are displayed, so it is possible to check how accurate the derived weather and power generation data was. The analysis and prediction program 434 uses a plurality of predicted power generation data in the processing DB 423 and adjusts related variables to increase the hit ratio.

As described above, by continuously generating the predicted power generation data and repeating the process of calculating the hit rate by measuring the error accordingly, as a result, the hit rate of the weather prediction and the calculated predicted power generation in the predicted power generation data can be increased.

A data generation step (S24) of deriving data through the step (S23) is performed. Here, it is preferable to generate at least two pieces of data: target data and by-product data.

For example, among data produced in the above process, by-product data is predicted power generation data produced in this step, and target data is power generation trend analysis data (PED).

The predicted power generation data is stored in a separate space in the external DB 421, and after a period of time, the accuracy rate of the weather forecast and the calculated predicted power generation data within the predicted power generation data generated through the step (S4) is to some extent After calculating the recognition, it is added and stored in the external DB 421. The predicted power generation amount data generated through the step S4 completed in this way can be used in the operation of the next analysis and prediction program 434 .

In addition, since the generated power generation trend analysis data (PED) is the target data, a terminal transmission step (S25) of transmitting it to the terminal 500 is performed to end all steps.

Power generation trend analysis data (PED) can be generated through the above steps S21 to S25, and other data can also be generated through the above steps S21 to S25. For example, if you want to generate reverse transmission ratio prediction data, in a state in which the system limit price (SMP), which changes every hour, is accumulated and stored hourly in the power generation DB 422, the system limit price when requested. The reverse transmission ratio prediction data may be generated by using one or more data stored in the power generation DB 422, such as a value (SMP) and power generation amount (Pw), as an input layer, and a reverse transmission ratio prediction value as an output layer, Herein, reverse transmission ratio prediction data obtained in the past and accumulated in the processing DB 423 may be used, and reverse transmission ratio prediction data generated this time may be stored in the processing DB 423 .

In addition, the terminal 500 receives the data provided from the server 400 as described above and visually provides it to the manager, and also provides an input interface for the manager to request specific data necessary for the server 400. To provide information, a display 510 and a control application 520 that visually provide information to the user and provide an interface necessary for input and output by the user, and a terminal communication unit 530 for communication with the server-side gateway 320. include

8 to 10 are example screens of the control application 520 . Figure 6 shows the overall operating status, Figure 7 is the failure distribution and location of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 belonging to the present invention, Figure 8 shows the installation location of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 belonging to the present invention will be.

10: Solar power facility. 100: solar cell.
200: connection panel. 310: power generation side gateway.
320: server-side gateway. 400: server.
410: Ministry of Communications. 420: database unit.
421: External DB. 422: power generation DB.
423: Processing DB. 430: control unit.
431: Data cleaning program. 432: data formatting program.
433: fault diagnosis program. 434: Analysis and forecasting programs.
500: terminal. 510: display.
520: control application. 530: terminal communication unit.

Claims (12)

delete delete delete One or more photovoltaic power generation facilities and servers, a server-side gateway communicatively connected to the server and the one or more photovoltaic facilities by wire or wireless, and also connected to a public telecommunications network by wire or wirelessly, and the server side A management system for solar power generation facilities including one or more manager terminals communicatively connected to a gateway through a public telecommunications network,
Each of the one or more photovoltaic facilities includes one or more solar cells;
a connection board communicably connected to the one or more solar cells by wire or wirelessly;
And a power generation side gateway communicatively connected to the access panel by wire or wirelessly,
The server may include a communication unit communicatively connected to the server-side gateway by wire or wireless;
a database unit for classifying and storing one or more pieces of data received through the communication unit;
And a control unit for performing failure diagnosis and analysis using one or more data stored in the database unit, generating a result, and transmitting it to the manager terminal,
Each of the at least one manager terminal includes a display that visually provides information to a user and provides an interface required for input/output by the user; control application; And a terminal communication unit for communication with the server-side gateway,
Each of the at least one solar cell includes a power generation measurer for measuring power generation of the corresponding solar cell; voltage meter to measure voltage; Current meter to measure the current; And a communication device for transmitting power generation, voltage, and current data generated by the power generation measuring device, voltage measuring device, and current measuring device,
At least three or more solar cells are configured, and one of the communication devices included in the three or more solar cells is communicatively connected to the access panel by wire or wireless, and the other two or more communication devices are connected to the access panel. The communication devices are connected to each other to enable communication wirelessly in the form of a linear network topology,
For at least three or more communication devices connected by wireless communication in the form of a linear network topology to each other as described above, in order to transmit data to other communication devices connected to themselves,
A communication connection check step (S11) of determining whether the transmission destination value and the receiving communication device value are the same;
In the step (S11), if the two values are the same, a data packet transmission step (S13) of transmitting a data packet (DP) including the position variable value (m) of the solar cell;
A response packet transmission step (S14) in which the communication device receiving the data packet (DP) through the step (S13) transmits a response packet (RP) to the communication device that sent the data packet (DP);
After the step (S14), a arrival comparison step (S15) of determining whether the position variable value (m) of the data packet (DP) matches the communication device number (n) of the communication device connected to the connection board;
And, in the step S15, if the position variable value (m) is the same as the communication device number (n), the data packet (DP) is transmitted to the connection board to which the communication device receiving the data packet (DP) is connected. to complete the communication,
a position variable adjustment step (S16) of adding 1 to the position variable value (m) if the position variable value (m) is not equal to the communication device number (n) in the step (S15);
After the step (S16) is performed, the receiver performs a notice step (S17) of transmitting the data packet (DP) to another communication device communicatively connected to the receiver wirelessly and transmits a notice packet (AP). Perform the connection confirmation step (S11),
The database unit includes an external DB for separately storing data provided through a public telecommunications network; A power generation DB for storing data provided by the photovoltaic power generation facilities by classifying them; And a processing DB for storing the data processed by the control unit,
The control unit includes a data cleaning program for removing or correcting defective or missing data according to a predetermined defect standard with respect to one or more data stored in the database unit;
a data formatting program for generating new data by easily converting and processing one or more pieces of data stored in the database unit for easy analysis, and storing the data in the database unit;
a failure diagnosis program for determining whether a solar cell in the photovoltaic facility has a failure according to a failure criterion determined for one or more data stored in the database unit;
And an analysis and prediction program for generating target data by analyzing and predicting using one or more data stored in the database unit and providing it to the manager terminal,
The analysis and prediction program actually calculates the target data by analyzing and predicting data in order to generate data desired by the manager, and predicts by performing data mining on the predicted data and data accumulated and stored in the database unit. A management system for photovoltaic power generation facilities, characterized in that it includes two functions of a function that increases the accuracy of. According to claim 4,
In the communication connection checking step (S11), if the transmission destination value and the receiving communication device value are not the same, a communication failure notification step (S12) of determining a communication error and notifying the result to the manager's terminal 500 is performed. To, the management system of solar power generation facilities. According to claim 4,
The data packet (DP) is a management system of a solar power generation facility, characterized in that it includes the amount of power generation, voltage and current data of the solar cell, the unique address of the solar cell, and the location variable value of the solar cell. delete delete According to claim 4,
Any one of the predetermined failure criteria is that the power generation threshold Pn is less than the minimum threshold value Pmin compared to the minimum threshold value Pmin and the maximum threshold value Pmax that are preset with respect to the generation threshold value Pn. If the maximum threshold value (Pmax) is exceeded, it is determined as a failure, and if not, it is characterized in that it is determined to be in normal operation. According to claim 4,
For any one of the set failure criteria, the database unit 420 will store the continuously measured power generation (Pw) of the day for each solar cell hourly, and the cumulative power generation (or production) of the day, which is the sum of these, is Even if there is a deviation, it can be considered to be in normal operation only when it shows a continuously increasing trend. With respect to the accumulated power generation obtained by accumulating the power generation (Pw), if the accumulated power generation is 0 or decreases, this indicates the measured power generation (Pw). ) means that it is 0 or has a negative (-) value, so it is determined that the corresponding solar cell is out of order or the measuring instrument is out of order, and if it is not included in the above failure criteria, it is judged to be in normal operation. Characterized in that, the management system of solar power generation facilities. delete According to claim 4,
The analysis and prediction program includes a neural network algorithm,
The analysis and prediction program, in order to calculate the data desired by the manager,
A data generation request step (S21) in which a manager requests generation of predetermined specific data to the analysis and prediction program through the manager terminal;
After the step (S21), a neural network construction step (S22) of constructing a neural network divided into an input layer and an output layer by the analysis and prediction program;
A data analysis step (S23) of analyzing data based on the neural network generated in step (S22);
After the step (S23), a data generation step of generating at least two or more data including the target data and by-product data, and storing the by-product data in an external DB that distinguishes and stores data provided through a public telecommunications network. (S24);
And a terminal transmission step (S25) of transmitting the target data to the manager's terminal is carried out.

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