KR102471227B1 - Li-ion battery recycling system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for recycling resources of a lithium ion secondary battery, and more specifically, to a system for recycling resources of a lithium ion secondary battery, wherein a battery is shredded and pulverized and each component of the battery is mechanically separated and discharged, so that no chemical process for separation and recovery of constituent materials is required, thereby recycling battery resources in an environmentally friendly manner.

Description

Lithium ion secondary battery resource recycling processing system {Li-ion battery recycling system}

The present invention relates to a system for recycling resources of lithium ion secondary batteries, and more particularly, to prevent environmental pollution by recycling waste lithium ion batteries, which are one of the causes of environmental pollution, but crushing and pulverizing batteries by mechanical devices. and a resource recycling processing system for a lithium ion secondary battery capable of recycling battery resources in an environmentally friendly way because each constituent material can be separated and discharged, and thus a chemical process for separation and recovery of constituent materials is not required.

A lithium ion battery is a type of secondary battery, and is a battery in which lithium ions move from a negative electrode to a positive electrode during a discharging process. Lithium ion batteries are rechargeable and reusable batteries, and are widely used in portable electronic devices on the market because they have high energy density, no memory effect, and low self-discharge even when not in use. In addition, by using the characteristics of high energy density, the frequency of use is gradually increasing in the defense industry, automation system, electric vehicle industry, and aviation industry.

Although these lithium ion batteries can be charged and discharged and have a relatively long lifespan, since they are consumables with a lifespan of about 2 years and less than 10 years even if they are manufactured as cells for electric vehicles, the amount of disposal is increasing along with the increase in usage.

A lithium ion battery can be largely divided into three parts: an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte, and various types of materials can be used. In particular, according to the cathode active material that accounts for 35% of the material cost of a lithium ion battery, lithium ion batteries are made of lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA), lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium manganese oxide (LMO) ) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, among which NCM batteries, which are mainly used, use ternary alloy materials of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn), and NCA batteries use nickel (Ni) and cobalt. (Co) and aluminum (Al) ternary alloy materials, LCO batteries are batteries that use lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co) oxide as cathode materials, respectively.

Since lithium is a rare metal and its reserves are not sufficient, the possibility of its depletion is continuously raised as the demand for lithium ion batteries increases. In addition, since the waste lithium ion battery contains a large amount of environmentally harmful substances that are difficult to simply dispose of, recycling the waste lithium ion battery can prevent environmental pollution and increase economic feasibility to promote efficient use of resources.

KR10-1800842 (registration number) 2017.11.17.

The present invention prevents environmental pollution by recycling waste lithium ion batteries, which are one of the causes of environmental pollution. An object of the present invention is to provide a resource recycling processing system of a lithium ion secondary battery capable of recycling battery resources in an environmentally friendly manner because no chemical process is required for the above.

In addition, in the present invention, the black powder main separation discharge unit includes a multi-stage material collector and a strainer, and a grinder 510 is provided between the strainers to more finely grind the pulverized material, so that the particle size between the two strainers can be divided and separated Therefore, an object thereof is to provide a system for recycling resources of a lithium ion secondary battery capable of increasing the recovery efficiency of black powder.

In addition, in the present invention, the auxiliary recovery unit 1 is provided on the first dust collection line 411, the second dust collection line 521, or the third dust collection line 631 and heads toward the dust collection unit 700 at the rear end. An object of the present invention is to provide a system for recycling resources of a lithium ion secondary battery capable of extending the maintenance cycle of the dust collector 700 by reducing the amount of black powder.

In addition, in the present invention, since the mesh 22c of the rotary scraper 22 rotates and separates the black powder caught or attached to the filter hole 21a of the filter body 21, the filter hole 21a is blocked and the airflow An object of the present invention is to provide a resource recycling treatment system of a lithium ion secondary battery that minimizes adverse effects on the overall separation and recovery operation by reducing the flow of stagnation.

The present invention, a heating unit for heating the battery to a temperature higher than the melting point of aluminum and less than the melting point of copper; a shredder 100 receiving and shredding the battery heated by the heating unit, separating a predetermined amount of the separator using an upward air current, and providing the shredded material to a rear end; An air flow separation collector 200 that separates and discharges a separator and a predetermined amount of black powder from the crushed material shredded in the crusher 100 using air flow, and provides crushed material composed of a black powder and metal mixture that is not discharged at a rear end; a separator collector 120 receiving separators from the crusher 100 and the air flow separation collector 200 and collecting the separators; a magnetic separator 300 receiving the crushed material that has passed through the air flow separation collector 200, separating and discharging magnetic metal from the material, and supplying the remainder to a rear end; The crusher 310 pulverizes the crushed material that has passed through the magnetic separator 300 and transfers it to the airflow of a pneumatic pump to provide it to the rear end, and receives the crushed material from the crusher 310 in the form of a cyclone collector to produce a predetermined amount of black powder An analyzer 400 that separates upwardly and drops a pulverized material composed of a mixture of black powder and metal that is not separated downward, and a first part that separates and discharges a predetermined amount of the black powder separated upward of the analyzer 400 Black powder main separation discharge unit including a material collector 410; a specific gravity separator 610 receiving the pulverized material from the black powder separation and discharging unit, separating and discharging aluminum, copper, and black powder, and providing a predetermined amount of black powder to the rear end; a third material collector 630 receiving the black powder from the specific gravity sorter 610 and dropping it downward; A first pulse dust collector 710 provided at the rear end of the separator collector 120 to collect foreign substances in the airflow passing through the separator collector 120, and a first pulse dust collector 710 provided at the rear end of the first material collector 410 to collect the first material A second pulse dust collector 720 for collecting foreign substances in the airflow that has passed through the collector 410, and a second pulse dust collector 720 provided at the rear end of the third material collector 630 to collect foreign substances in the airflow that has passed through the third material collector 630 a dust collector 700 including a fourth pulse dust collector 740; and a purification unit 800 provided at a rear end of the dust collecting unit 700 to purify the air passing through the dust collecting unit 700 .

In addition, the present invention, the conveyor 201 for providing the crushed material provided from the crusher 100 to the air flow separation collector 200; including, but the conveyor 201 is formed in the form of a screw conveyor to remove the crushed material It is stirred and transported, and the top and side are closed, and the top communicates with the separator collector 120.

In addition, the black powder main separation and discharge unit of the present invention separates and discharges a predetermined amount of black powder among the pulverized materials that have fallen downward from the analyzer 400, and pulverized materials composed of a mixture of black powder and metal that are not discharged at the rear end A first strainer 500 provided to the first strainer 500, a grinder 510 receiving the pulverized material from the first strainer 500 and re-grinding it to a size smaller than a predetermined size, and providing it to the rear end by riding on the air current of the pneumatic pump, and the grinder 510 The second material collector 520 receives the pulverized material from the 510 and provides it to the rear end, receives the pulverized material from the second material collector 520, separates and discharges a predetermined amount of black powder, and discharges the black powder that is not discharged. It includes a second strainer 600 for providing pulverized material composed of a powder and metal mixture to the rear end, and the dust collecting unit 700 is provided at the rear end of the second material collector 520, so that the second material collector 520 It includes a third pulse dust collector 730 for collecting foreign substances in the airflow that has passed through.

In addition, the present invention, the second dust collection line 411, both ends of which communicate between the first material collector 410 and the second pulse dust collector 720, the second material collector 520 and the third pulse To communicate with the third dust collection line 521 communicating between the dust collectors 730 or the fourth dust collection line 631 communicating between the third material collector 630 and the fourth pulse dust collector 740, Installed on the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631, the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521 , or, an auxiliary recovery unit (1) for recovering and discharging a predetermined amount of the black powder caught on the airflow flowing on the fourth dust collection line (631); wherein the secondary recovery unit (1) has a hollow interior A housing 10 configured to have both ends communicating with the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631; a discharge line 11 communicating with the bottom of the central portion of the housing 10; a discharge valve 12 provided on the discharge line 11 to open and close the discharge line 11; The other end is coupled to the discharge-side end of the housing 10 so that one end faces the inside of the housing 10 to close the discharge-side end of the housing 10, and a plurality of filter holes 21a are perforated. A filter assembly 20 including a halo-shaped cylindrical filter body 21 and a rotary scraper 22 including a mesh 22a circumscribing the filter body 21.

In addition, the rotary scraper 22 of the present invention includes rotary blades 22c protruding in an oblique direction from the outer surface of the net body 22a, so that the air introduced into the housing 10 moves through the rotation When in contact with the wing 22c, rotational force is generated and rotated.

In addition, the present invention includes an optical sensor 24 provided at a predetermined height at the bottom of the inside of the housing 10, and the discharge valve 12 is set for a set time if the measured value of the optical sensor 24 is not measured. open driven.

The present invention prevents environmental pollution by recycling waste lithium ion batteries, which are one of the causes of environmental pollution. It does not require a chemical process for recycling, so it has the effect of enabling environmentally friendly recycling of battery resources.

In addition, in the present invention, the black powder main separation discharge unit includes a multi-stage material collector and a strainer, and a grinder 510 is provided between the strainers to more finely grind the pulverized material, so that the particle size between the two strainers can be divided and separated Therefore, there is an effect of increasing the recovery efficiency of the black powder.

In addition, in the present invention, the auxiliary recovery unit 1 is provided on the first dust collection line 411, the second dust collection line 521, or the third dust collection line 631 and heads toward the dust collection unit 700 at the rear end. By reducing the amount of black powder, the maintenance cycle of the dust collector 700 can be extended.

In addition, in the present invention, since the mesh 22c of the rotary scraper 22 rotates and separates the black powder caught or attached to the filter hole 21a of the filter body 21, the filter hole 21a is blocked and the airflow It has the effect of minimizing adverse effects on the overall separation and recovery operation by reducing the phenomenon of stagnation of the flow.

1 is a schematic diagram of a resource recycling processing system of a lithium ion secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the auxiliary recovery unit of the resource recycling treatment system of the lithium ion secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a partially cut-away perspective view of the secondary recovery unit of the resource recycling treatment system for a lithium ion secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the auxiliary recovery unit of the resource recycling treatment system of the lithium ion secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a diagram illustrating a state of use of an auxiliary recovery unit of a resource recycling system for a lithium ion secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional side view of an auxiliary recovery unit of a resource recycling treatment system for a lithium ion secondary battery according to a further embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the present invention includes a heating unit for heating the battery, a shredder 100 for receiving and crushing the battery heated by the heating unit, and the shredded material shredded in the shredder 100 by airflow. An air flow separation collector 200 that separates and discharges the separator and a predetermined amount of black powder using a separator 120 that receives the separator from the crusher 100 and the air flow separation collector 200 and collects the separator, The magnetic separator 300 receives the crushed material that has passed through the separation collector 200 and separates and discharges the magnetic metal, and the black powder main separation that separates and discharges a predetermined amount of black powder among the crushed material that has passed through the magnetic separator 300 A specific gravity separator 610 receiving pulverized material from the discharge unit and the black powder separation discharge unit to separate and discharge aluminum, copper, and black powder, a separator collector 120, a black powder main separation discharge unit, and a specific gravity separator ( It is configured to include a dust collection unit 700 that collects foreign substances in the air that has passed through 610, and a purification unit 800 that purifies the air that has passed through the dust collection unit 700.

A lithium ion secondary battery is composed of a cathode material coated with lithium, cobalt, nickel, etc. on an aluminum foil, an anode material coated with graphite or the like on a copper foil, an electrolyte solution, a separator, and the like. Lithium ions move between the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material, thereby serving as a battery.

As a resource recycling treatment method of the lithium ion secondary battery, a dry method using a physical separation method and a wet method using a reducing action through chemicals are largely used. The present invention is an invention for a dry processing method, and first, a process of heating a battery, which is a raw material, is performed.

The heating unit for the heating process heats the battery to a temperature of about 800 degrees Celsius. During the heating process, harmful substances such as electrolyte contained in the battery are removed and vaporized. In addition, at the same time, a part of combustible materials such as a separator is removed, and the aluminum foil is melted. Therefore, the heating temperature of the heating unit is also selected at a temperature of about 800 ° C, which is 660 ° C or higher, which is the melting point of aluminum, and 1,085 ° C or lower, which is the melting point of copper. At this time, the heating temperature of the heating unit means the gas temperature around the battery during heating. The battery heated in the heating unit is provided to the shredder 100 through the transmitter 101.

The transmitter 101 serves to transmit the heated battery from the heating unit, that is, the raw material to the shredder 100. The transmitter 101 may be a conveyor type, a bucket type, or a screw feeder 201 type.

The transmitter 101 may be configured to have an uphill shape up to the crusher 100 in order to input raw materials into the inlet of the crusher 100 located several meters above the ground, but may have a horizontal or vertical structure, and the shape is limited. It is not.

The crusher 100 serves to crush and crush raw materials supplied from the transmitter 101. In this shredder 100, the components of the battery are shredded in the form of pieces, but in the case of aluminum, they may be shredded in the form of lumps, and the shredded shapes of the components may not be uniform.

A pipe-shaped first separator recovery line communicates with the upper side of the crusher 100, and a negative pressure is formed in the first separator recovery line, so that the crushed separator floats upward. The suspended separator is transferred to the separator collector 120 via the main separator recovery line 110 along the first separator recovery line.

Since it is difficult for the crusher 100 to evenly crush all raw materials with one crushing, various crushing methods may be utilized. For example, a method of crushing the shredded material that has passed through the crusher 100 by using a mesh sieve to pass the shredded material that is less than a certain size to the next process and re-injecting the crushed material that has not passed through the mesh sieve to the top of the crusher 100 again. This can be utilized, and a method of providing a plurality of shredders 100 in series so that the shredded material not shredded during the primary crushing can be shredded during the secondary crushing can be utilized.

In the present invention, a method of having a plurality of crushers 100 in series up and down is utilized, and is configured to include a primary crusher and a secondary crusher provided below the primary crusher to crush again the shredded material from the primary crusher. do. In this case, the first separator recovery line communicates with the upper end of the primary crusher.

The raw material shredded from the crusher 100 is transported to the air flow separation collector 200 through the conveyor 201, and in this process, the separator is additionally recovered in the conveyor 201. The recovery of the separator utilizes a method in which the second separator recovery line is communicated with the transporter 201 and a negative pressure is formed in the second separator recovery line so that the separator is sucked into the second separator recovery line. To this end, the transporter 201 has a closed top and side surfaces, and has a structure in which the negative pressure formed in the second separator recovery line can be transmitted to the crushed materials.

The transporter 201 may be configured in the form of a screw conveyor, and a structure capable of stirring the crushed materials during rotation may be added by forming a screw in a flat shape or having a stirring rod spaced apart from the rotation shaft between the screws. . Through this, the separator pressed between the crushed materials can be stirred and exposed upward, and immediately exposed upward, it is sucked into the second separator recovery line by negative pressure.

The second separator recovery line may communicate with a plurality of points of the transporter 201, but it is preferable to communicate with points within three points in order to prevent the negative pressure from being dispersed, but this is not limited thereto.

Meanwhile, the separators sucked along the first separator recovery line and the second separator recovery line reach the separator collector 120 through the main separator recovery line 110 . In the separator collector 120, the separators moved through the main separator recovery line 110 are collected, and the fine dust sucked together with the separator is sent to the first pulse dust collector 710 through the pipe-shaped first dust collection line 111. are moved

The crushed materials conveyed from the conveyor 201 are supplied to the air flow separation collector 200 . In the air flow separation collector 200, an air flow is generated inside by a pneumatic pump, and a light separator or finely pulverized black powder floats upward by the air flow flow. At this time, the separator floats higher than the finely pulverized black powder, and the finely pulverized black powder floats higher than nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), or black powder crushed to a relatively large size, Nickel, aluminum, copper, or black powder crushed to a relatively large size falls to the bottom. Accordingly, the third separator recovery line communicates with the upper end of the air flow separation collector 200 to suck in the floating separator and send it to the separator collector 120 . Then, finely pulverized black powder is separated from larger particles and discharged through a separate outlet. The black powder that is separated and discharged in this process is about 10% of the total black powder.

The crushed materials that have passed through the air flow separation collector 200 are supplied to the magnetic separator 300. The magnetic separator 300 serves to separate materials adsorbed by magnetic force from the supplied crushed materials. Among the shredded materials of the battery, a material adsorbed by magnetic force is nickel, and 100% of the nickel is recovered in the magnetic separator 300.

The crushed material that has passed through the magnetic separator 300 is provided to the black powder main separation discharge unit at the rear stage, and a significant amount of the entire black powder is recovered. Preferably, about 86% of the total black powder is recovered in the black powder main separate outlet. Black powder is a mixture of lithium cobalt oxide as a cathode material and graphite powder as an anode material, and can be stored, distributed, and managed as a recycling resource itself. Lithium, cobalt, and graphite can be separated and recovered.

The black powder main separation discharge unit is provided with a crusher 310 that pulverizes the crushed material that has passed through the magnetic separator 300 and rides on the air current of the pneumatic pump to provide it to the rear end, and a cyclone collector to receive the crushed material from the crusher 310 An analyzer 400 that separates a predetermined amount of black powder upward and drops a pulverized material composed of a mixture of black powder and metal that is not separated downward, and separates a predetermined amount of the black powder separated upward from the analyzer 400 The first material collector 410 and the analyzer 400 separate and discharge a predetermined amount of black powder among the pulverized material that has fallen downward from the first material collector 410 and the analyzer 400, and provide pulverized material composed of a mixture of black powder and metal that is not discharged to the rear end A first strainer 500 that receives pulverized material from the first strainer 500, re-grinds it to a size less than a predetermined size, and a grinder 510 that is provided to the rear end by riding on the air current of the pneumatic pump, and from the grinder 510 A second material collector 520 receiving pulverized material and providing it to the rear end, receiving pulverized material from the second material collector 520, separates and discharges a predetermined amount of black powder, and converts the undischarged black powder into a metal mixture. It is configured to include a second strainer 600 for providing the configured pulverized material to the rear end.

Looking at the configuration of the black powder main separation discharge unit in detail, first, only black powder, aluminum, and copper remain in the crushed material that has passed through the magnetic separator 300. In order to separate them, first, a process of crushing the crushed material that has passed through the magnetic separator 300 more finely and uniformly is required. Therefore, at the rear end of the magnetic separator 300, a crusher 310 for crushing the crushed material that has passed through the magnetic separator 300 is provided.

The raw material pulverized once again in the pulverizer 310, that is, the pulverized material, is supplied to the analyzer 400. At this time, the pulverized material is supplied to the analyzer 400 by riding on the airflow flowing at high speed, and the pulverized material having heavy particles and the pulverized material having light particles are separated by centrifugal force.

The analyzer 400 for this has the form of a cyclone collector, and the pulverized material obliquely introduced into the outer cylinder of the analyzer 400 rotates between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder by centrifugal force, while the pulverized material having large or heavy particles rides along the inner circumference of the outer cylinder. Falling down, the pulverized particles having small and light particles are moved upward along the inner tube of the analyzer 400 along with the air current. Then, the pulverized material moved upward along the inner cylinder of the analyzer 400 is filtered once more in the first material collector 410 at the rear end of the analyzer 400 .

The first material collector 410, like the analyzer 400, has the form of a cyclone collector, and collects again pulverized particles that are not collected by the analyzer 400 due to small particles and move upward along the inner cylinder of the analyzer 400. In this process, 6% of the total black powder falls downward along the inner circumference of the outer cylinder of the first material collector 410 and is recovered. And, the inner cylinder of the first material collector 410 communicates with the second pulse dust collector 720 through the second dust collection line 411, so that the fine dust in the air passing through the first material collector 410 is the second pulse It is moved to the dust collector 720.

The black powder and other pulverized materials are separated from the pulverized material falling through the outer cylinder of the analyzer 400 by the first strainer 500 . At this time, the black powder separated and discharged by the first strainer 500 accounts for about 50% of the total black powder.

The remaining pulverized materials not discharged from the first strainer 500 are provided to the grinding machine 510 located at the rear end of the first strainer 500 . The remaining pulverized material provided to the grinder 510 includes black powder, copper, and aluminum that were not separated in the first strainer 500 . The grinder 510 serves to crush the remaining pulverized material more finely and uniformly.

The remaining pulverized material pulverized by the grinder 510 is supplied to the second material collector 520 by riding on the high-speed air current again. The second material collector 520 has the form of a cyclone collector, and the pulverized material obliquely introduced into the outer cylinder of the second material collector 520 is rotated between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder by centrifugal force, and the pulverized material having large or heavy particles is removed from the outer cylinder. Falling downward along the inner periphery, the pulverized particles having small and light particles are moved upward along the air current along the inner cylinder of the second material collector 520. Then, the pulverized material moved upward along the inner cylinder of the second material collector 520 moves to the third pulse dust collector 730 through the third dust collection line 521 communicated with the inner cylinder of the second material collector 520. do.

The pulverized material falling downward along the inner periphery of the outer cylinder of the second material collector 520 is provided to the second strainer 600 . As for the pulverized material, the black powder and other pulverized material are separated again by the second strainer 600. At this time, the black powder separated and discharged by the second strainer 600 accounts for about 30% of the total black powder.

In the second strainer 600, most of the black powder is separated and discharged, and aluminum, copper, and a small amount of black powder are provided to the specific gravity separator 610.

The specific gravity separator 610 serves to separate and discharge aluminum, copper, and black powder of the remaining pulverized material provided in the second strainer 600 of the black powder main separation discharge unit. The specific gravity sorter 610 sorts black powder, copper, and aluminum according to specific gravity, and discharges copper and aluminum in different directions using vibration and wind, and the black powder is moved upward to a third material collector (630). ) is provided.

To this end, a pipe-shaped third material collection line communicates with the upper end of the specific gravity separator 610, and the third material collection line communicates with the main material collection line communicated with the third material collector 630. And, the main material collection line includes a first material collection line in the form of a pipe communicated at the top of the first strainer 500 and a second material collection line in the form of a pipe communicated at the top of the second strainer 600 It may communicate with the auxiliary material collection line 620 .

The third material collector 630 has the form of a cyclone collector, and the pulverized material obliquely introduced into the outer cylinder of the third material collector 630 is rotated between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder by centrifugal force, and the pulverized material having large or heavy particles is removed from the outer cylinder. Falling down along the inner periphery, the pulverized particles having small and light particles are moved upward along the air current along the inner cylinder of the third material collector 630. Then, the pulverized material moved upward along the inner cylinder of the third material collector 630 moves to the fourth pulse dust collector 740 through the fourth dust collection line 631 communicating with the inner cylinder of the third material collector 630. do. The black powder collected by the third material collector 630 accounts for about 4% of the total black powder.

On the other hand, the first pulse dust collector 710 to the fourth pulse dust collector 740 collects fine dust from battery debris that is not recovered as a resource or a very small amount of black powder accounting for less than 1% of the total black powder.

Unlike the other configurations of the present invention, the maintenance cycle of the first pulse dust collector 710 to the fourth pulse dust collector 740 is determined by the amount of collected matter accumulated on the dust collection filter in addition to maintenance by stopping the driving function. .

That is, the more the process is continuously performed, the more the amount of collected matter accumulated in the dust collection filter increases, and accordingly, the loss time in which the filter must be replaced or cleaned while all processes are stopped occurs more frequently. Since this loss time is a factor that has the most direct impact on productivity, it is important to extend the maintenance period of the dust collection filter as long as possible.

The present invention, for this purpose, the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521 so that both ends communicate with the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631 , Or, it is installed on the fourth dust collection line 631, the black powder bandaged in the air current flowing on the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631 It is configured to include an auxiliary recovery unit 1 that recovers and discharges a predetermined amount.

The auxiliary recovery unit 1 is configured to have a hollow inside, and both ends communicate with the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631, and the housing 10 , One end is coupled to the discharge-side end of the housing 10 so that the other end faces the inside of the housing 10 to close the discharge-side end of the housing 10, but a plurality of filter holes 21a are perforated in a halo shape. It is configured to include a filter assembly 20 including a rotary scraper 22 including a filter body 21 of the filter body 21 and a net body 22a circumscribed to the filter body 21.

The housing 10 has a hollow interior and both ends are open, and both ends are formed in opposite directions. The housing 10 is formed in a convex shape toward the outside toward the central portion, and the discharge line 11 communicates with the lower portion of the central portion.

The housing 10 is cut in the middle of the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631 in the form of a pipe, and then the inlet end and the discharge side are on one side and the other side of the cut portion, respectively. The side end is provided in a form coupled in communication. At this time, since the housing 10 has a shape that is convex to the outside, the airflow introduced into the housing 10 through the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631 will temporarily decrease the flow rate. In order for the airflow to swirl inside the housing 10 instead of directly exiting the discharge side end of the housing 10 so that the black powder does not get caught up in the airflow and falls downward, the discharge side end of the housing 10 is removed. A closing filter body 21 is provided.

The filter body 21 closes the discharge-side end of the housing 10 and returns the airflow flowing toward the discharge-side end of the housing 10 toward the center of the housing 10 to return the airflow to the housing 10. ) to form a vortex inside the In this process, some of the black powder introduced into the housing 10 by riding on the fast airflow naturally falls to the lower end of the housing 10 as the speed of the airflow decreases, or inside the housing 10 by the centrifugal force caused by the vortex. The black powder pushed in the circumferential direction loses speed due to friction and falls to the bottom of the housing 10, through which a predetermined amount of black powder is additionally recovered using the discharge line 11 connected to the bottom of the housing 10 It is possible to reduce the amount of black powder flowing into the purification unit 800 at the rear stage, which has an effect of extending the maintenance period of the purification unit 800 .

However, when the filter body 21 completely seals the other side of the housing 10, the system stops because there is no space for the air flow introduced into one end of the housing 10 to escape. Accordingly, a plurality of filter holes 21a are perforated in the filter body 21 so that the air flow introduced into one end of the housing 10 returns to the central portion of the housing 10 and some of it flows to the purification unit 800. At this time, if the airflow enters the filter hole 21a perpendicularly, the filter hole 21a is highly likely to be blocked by the black powder directly hitting the filter hole 21a, so the filter body 21 is preferably formed in a truncated cone shape. . That is, the filter body 21 has a structure in which the front end is closed as a cylindrical shape in the shape of an anterior halo. And a plurality of filter holes (21a) are perforated on the side. Therefore, the air flow introduced through the inlet side end of the housing 10 along the inclined side of the filter body 21 is partially supplied to the dust collector 700 through the filter hole 21a, and some air flow is supplied to the housing ( 10) to return to the center. At this time, the black powder riding on the airflow moves along the airflow returning to the central portion of the housing 10 because the angle of entry into the filter hole 21a is not correct.

When the filter body 21 is coupled to the discharge side end of the housing 10, it may be coupled by a separate coupling ring 23. The coupling ring 23 has a ring shape and is coupled to the discharge side end of the housing 10, and the filter body 21 is inserted and mounted into the coupling ring 23.

On the other hand, even if the filter body 21 is formed in the shape of a truncated cone and there is little possibility that the black powder obliquely hits the filter hole 21a and blocks the filter hole 21a, any black powder among them does not pass through the filter hole 21a. There may be cases where it is caught in the filter hole 21a without even passing through. When the number of filter holes 21a being pinched by black powder increases, the flow of airflow passing through the auxiliary recovery unit 1 is stagnant, which causes the first material collector 410, the second material collector 520, Alternatively, the operation of the third material collector 630 is adversely affected.

Therefore, black powder caught in the filter hole 21a needs to be removed, and in the present invention, a rotary scraper 22 is provided for this purpose.

The rotary scraper 22 includes a net 22a so that the net 22a circumscribes the filter body 21. The size of each mesh 22a is greater than the size of the filter hole 21a formed in the filter body 21 so as not to hinder a portion of the black powder from passing through the filter hole 21a. The purpose of the auxiliary recovery unit 1 of the present invention is not to recover all black powder, but to increase the maintenance period of the dust collecting unit 700 by recovering some of the black powder moving to the dust collecting unit 700 on the way. Therefore, it is undesirable to unnecessarily obstruct the flow of airflow, and obstruction of black powder smaller than a predetermined size from passing through the filter hole 21a adversely affects the airflow of the entire system.

The rotary scraper 22 for this purpose includes a mesh 22a and a fixing ring 22b coupled to the other end of the mesh 22a to fix the shape of the mesh 22a. In order to rotate the rotary scraper 22 outside the filter body 21, rotary vanes 22c are coupled to the outer surface of the mesh 22a. The rotary blades 22c protrude in an oblique direction from the outer surface of the mesh body 22a, and the rotary blades 22c generate rotational force by the airflow supplied toward the filter body 21, causing the rotary scraper 22 to rotate. configured so that it can be

In addition, the fixed ring 22b of the rotary scraper 22 faces the coupling ring 23, and the bearing 23a for facilitating rotation during rotation of the rotary scraper 22 is a fixed ring It may be provided between (22b) and the coupling ring (23).

Looking at the operation of the rotary scraper 22, air is supplied from the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631 through the inlet side end of the housing 10. When this happens, the supplied air is deflected to the outside of the filter body 21 and the mesh body 22a. In this process, some air comes into contact with the rotor blades 22c and generates lift to the rotor blades 22c. The rotary scraper 22 is rotated by the lift generated by the rotor blades 22c, and in this process, the mesh 22a passes through the filter hole 21a, and the black particles are caught or attached to the filter hole 21a. The powder is separated from the filter hole 21a.

Meanwhile, the black powder that has fallen from the inside of the housing 10 to the lower end of the housing 10 needs to be discharged to the outside at regular intervals. Also, a discharge valve 12 is provided on the discharge line 11 to open and close the discharge line 11 .

Looking at the black powder discharge process of the auxiliary recovery unit 1, when the discharge valve 12 is opened, the inside of the housing 10 communicates with the outside, and the discharge side end of the housing 10 is connected to the filter body 21. Since the flow of air is obstructed by the air flow, most of the air introduced into the housing 10 escapes through the discharge line 11. The air escaping through the discharge line 11 sweeps away the black powder accumulated at the bottom of the central portion of the housing 10, and the black powder accumulated inside the housing 10 is instantly discharged. Thereafter, when the discharge valve 12 is closed, the airflow swirls inside the housing 10 again and black powder is accumulated.

It is possible for the manager to operate the discharge valve 12 individually for each set period, but it is also possible to operate the discharge valve 12 automatically. Discharge valve 12 may be configured to be open and closed for a set time per set period. Alternatively, an optical sensor is provided at a predetermined height at the bottom of the inner side of the housing 10, and when the measured value of the optical sensor is not measured, it is judged that the black powder has accumulated over a set amount, and the discharge valve 12 is opened for a set time. may be configured to do so.

In the auxiliary recovery unit 1 configured as described above, even if black powder is caught in the filter hole 21a of the filter body 21, the rotary scraper 22 removes it from time to time, so that the flow of air flow continuously decreases. Unlike other filters, the flow of air flow is always kept constant, and unlike other filters, there is an advantage in that the filter body 21 does not need to be replaced.

Due to the above-described configuration, the amount of pulverized material is smaller in the air that has passed through the auxiliary recovery unit 1 than when it did not pass through the secondary recovery unit 1, and thus, the second pulse dust collector 720, the third pulse dust collector ( 730), or the maintenance cycle of the fourth pulse dust collector 740 can be increased.

The air passing through the dust collection unit 700 composed of the first pulse dust collector 710 to the fourth pulse dust collector 740 is purified through the purification unit 800 and discharged to the outside. The purification unit 800 is composed of a fountain tower 810, an activated carbon adsorption tank 820, a UV photodecomposition tank 830, and an air trap 840, and the air passing through the dust collection unit 700 is absorbed by the fountain tower 810 and activated carbon. Ultra-fine dust or harmful gases are adsorbed and removed through the tank 820, pass through the UV photolysis tank 830, and the remaining harmful substances are removed, and then discharged to the outside by the wind bin 840.

In the fountain tower 810, the air passing through the dust collector 700 enters the lower part of the tower and moves to the upper part of the tower, sufficiently contacting and purifying the liquid sprayed into the fountain tower 810, and removing the dehydration layer of the upper part of the tower. and sent to the activated carbon adsorption tank 820.

The activated carbon adsorption tank 820 is an enclosed space filled with activated carbon, and serves to adsorb and purify dust or pollutants in the air by using the surface adsorption force of the activated carbon.

The air passing through the activated carbon adsorption tank 820 passes through the UV photolysis tank 830, and the odor is removed through photolysis of high-energy, high-ozone ultraviolet light.

And finally, it is discharged to the outside by the wind pipe 840.

The present invention composed of the above-described configuration prevents environmental pollution by recycling waste lithium ion batteries, which are one of the causes of environmental pollution, but crushes and pulverizes the battery by a mechanical device, and separate discharge of each constituent material is possible. It does not require a chemical process for separation and recovery of materials, so it has the effect of enabling environmentally friendly recycling of battery resources.

In addition, in the present invention, the black powder main separation discharge unit includes a multi-stage material collector and a strainer, and a grinder 510 is provided between the strainers to more finely grind the pulverized material, so that the particle size between the two strainers can be divided and separated Therefore, there is an effect of increasing the recovery efficiency of the black powder.

In addition, in the present invention, the auxiliary recovery unit 1 is provided on the first dust collection line 411, the second dust collection line 521, or the third dust collection line 631 and heads toward the dust collection unit 700 at the rear end. By reducing the amount of black powder, the maintenance cycle of the dust collector 700 can be extended.

In addition, in the present invention, since the mesh 22c of the rotary scraper 22 rotates and separates the black powder caught or attached to the filter hole 21a of the filter body 21, the filter hole 21a is blocked and the airflow It has the effect of minimizing adverse effects on the overall separation and recovery operation by reducing the phenomenon of stagnation of the flow.

100: crusher 101: transmitter
110: main separator recovery line 111: first dust collection line
120: separator collector
200: air flow separation collector 201: transporter
300: magnetic separator 310: crusher
400: analyzer 410: first material collector
411: 2nd dust collection line
500: first strainer 510: grinder
520: second material collector 521: third dust collection line
600: second strainer 610: specific gravity selector
620: auxiliary material collection line 630: third material collector
631: 4th dust collection line
700: dust collector 710: first pulse dust collector
720: 2nd pulse dust collector 730: 3rd pulse dust collector
740: fourth pulse dust collector
800: purification unit 810: fountain tower
820: activated carbon adsorption tank 830: UV photolysis tank
840: Inpunghwei
1: auxiliary recovery unit 10: housing
11: discharge line 12: discharge valve
20: filter assembly 21: filter body
21a: filter hole 22: rotary scraper
22a: mesh 22b: fixing ring
22c: rotary wing 23: coupling ring
23a: bearing

Claims (6)

a heating unit for heating the battery to a temperature above the melting point of aluminum and below the melting point of copper;
a shredder 100 receiving and shredding the battery heated by the heating unit, separating a predetermined amount of the separator using an upward air current, and providing the shredded material to a rear end;
An air flow separation collector 200 that separates and discharges a separator and a predetermined amount of black powder from the crushed material shredded in the crusher 100 using air flow, and provides crushed material composed of a black powder and metal mixture that is not discharged at a rear end;
a separator collector 120 receiving separators from the crusher 100 and the air flow separation collector 200 and collecting the separators;
a magnetic separator 300 receiving the crushed material that has passed through the air flow separation collector 200, separating and discharging magnetic metal from the material, and supplying the remainder to a rear end;
The crusher 310 pulverizes the crushed material that has passed through the magnetic separator 300 and transfers it to the airflow of a pneumatic pump to provide it to the rear end, and receives the crushed material from the crusher 310 in the form of a cyclone collector to produce a predetermined amount of black powder An analyzer 400 that separates upwardly and drops a pulverized material composed of a mixture of black powder and metal that is not separated downward, and a first part that separates and discharges a predetermined amount of the black powder separated upward of the analyzer 400 Black powder main separation discharge unit including a material collector 410;
a specific gravity separator 610 receiving the pulverized material from the black powder separation and discharging unit, separating and discharging aluminum, copper, and black powder, and providing a predetermined amount of black powder to the rear end;
a third material collector 630 receiving the black powder from the specific gravity sorter 610 and dropping it downward;
A first pulse dust collector 710 provided at the rear end of the separator collector 120 to collect foreign substances in the airflow passing through the separator collector 120, and a first pulse dust collector 710 provided at the rear end of the first material collector 410 to collect the first material A second pulse dust collector 720 for collecting foreign substances in the airflow that has passed through the collector 410, and a second pulse dust collector 720 provided at the rear end of the third material collector 630 to collect foreign substances in the airflow that has passed through the third material collector 630 a dust collector 700 including a fourth pulse dust collector 740;
a purification unit 800 provided at a rear end of the dust collecting unit 700 to purify the air passing through the dust collecting unit 700;
Including,
The black powder main separation and discharging unit separates and discharges a predetermined amount of black powder among the pulverized materials that have fallen downward from the analyzer 400, and provides the pulverized material composed of the non-discharged black powder and metal mixture to the rear end. A strainer 500 and a grinder 510 that receives the pulverized material from the first strainer 500 and re-grinds it to a size smaller than a predetermined size and transfers it to the airflow of the pneumatic pump to provide it to the rear end, and pulverization from the grinder 510 A second material collector 520 that receives water and provides it to the rear end, receives pulverized material from the second material collector 520, separates and discharges a predetermined amount of black powder, and converts the undischarged black powder into a metal mixture. Including a second strainer 600 for providing the configured pulverized material to the rear end,
The dust collecting unit 700 includes a third pulse dust collector 730 provided at the rear end of the second material collector 520 to collect foreign substances in the airflow passing through the second material collector 520,
The specific gravity sorter 610 discharges copper and aluminum in different directions using vibration and wind and moves the black powder to the third material collector 630 at the top. Resource recycling processing system of a lithium ion secondary battery.
According to claim 1,
A conveyor 201 for providing the shredded material provided from the shredder 100 to the air flow separation collector 200; including,
The transporter 201 is formed in the form of a screw conveyor to stir and transport the crushed materials, and has a closed top and side surfaces, and the upper end communicates with the separator collector 120. Resource recycling processing system of a lithium ion secondary battery.
delete According to claim 1,
A second dust collection line 411 having both ends communicating between the first material collector 410 and the second pulse dust collector 720 and between the second material collector 520 and the third pulse dust collector 730 The second dust collection line ( 411), is installed on the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631, so that the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 521 An auxiliary recovery unit (1) for recovering and discharging a predetermined amount of black powder carried on the airflow flowing on the dust collection line 631; including,
The auxiliary recovery unit 1,
a housing 10 configured to have a hollow interior and both ends communicating with the second dust collection line 411, the third dust collection line 521, or the fourth dust collection line 631;
a discharge line 11 communicating with the bottom of the central portion of the housing 10;
a discharge valve 12 provided on the discharge line 11 to open and close the discharge line 11;
The other end is coupled to the discharge-side end of the housing 10 so that one end faces the inside of the housing 10 to close the discharge-side end of the housing 10, and a plurality of filter holes 21a are perforated. A filter assembly (20) including a halo-shaped cylindrical filter body (21) and a rotary scraper (22) including a mesh (22a) circumscribing the filter body (21);
Resource recycling processing system of a lithium ion secondary battery comprising a.
According to claim 4,
The rotary scraper 22 includes rotary blades 22c protruding in an oblique direction from the outer surface of the net body 22a, so that the air introduced into the housing 10 is separated from the rotary blades 22c and A system for recycling resources of a lithium ion secondary battery that generates rotational force when contacted and rotates.
According to claim 5,
An optical sensor 24 provided at a predetermined height at the bottom of the inside of the housing 10;
The discharge valve 12 is a resource recycling processing system of a lithium ion secondary battery that is driven to open for a set time when the measured value of the optical sensor 24 is not measured.

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