KR102235490B1 - Wireless charging systems for electronic devices - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments include a housing having an interface surface, and an inductor coil-an inductor coil comprising a conductive wire disposed within the housing and wound in a plurality of turns around a center point and with increasing radii so that the inductor coil is substantially planar. Contain-describes a portable electronic device that includes. A portable electronic device includes: a charging circuit portion coupled to the inductor coil and configured to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and wirelessly transmit power; A control circuit portion coupled to the charging circuit portion and configured to instruct the charging circuit portion to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and to transmit power wirelessly; And a device detection coil coupled to the control circuit portion and configured to detect the presence of an external device on the charging surface, wherein the device detection coil is configured to operate at a different frequency than the inductor coil.

Description

Wireless charging systems for electronic devices {WIRELESS CHARGING SYSTEMS FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES}

Cross-reference to related applications

This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/720,001 filed August 20, 2018 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/834,323 filed April 15, 2019. Claims priority to U.S. Formal Patent Application No. 16/422,750, filed May 24, 2014, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

Portable electronic devices (eg, mobile phones, media players, electronic watches, etc.) operate when there is a charge stored in their batteries. Some portable electronic devices include rechargeable batteries that can be recharged by coupling the portable electronic device to a power source through a physical connection, for example via a charging cord. However, in order to use the charging cord to charge the battery in the portable electronic device, the portable electronic device must be physically connected to a power outlet. In addition, to use the charging cord, the mobile device must have a connector of the charging cord, typically a connector configured to mate with a plug connector, typically a receptacle connector. The receptacle connector typically includes a cavity within a portable electronic device that provides an avenue through which dust and moisture can penetrate and damage the device. In addition, the user of the portable electronic device must physically connect the charging cable to the receptacle connector to charge the battery.

To avoid this drawback, wireless charging devices have been developed to wirelessly charge portable electronic devices without requiring a charging cord. For example, some portable electronic devices can be recharged simply by placing the device on the charging surface of the wireless charging device. Transmitter coils disposed below the charging surface can create a time-varying magnetic flux that induces current in a corresponding receive coil in the portable electronic device. The induced current can be used by the portable electronic device to charge its internal battery. The receiving coil in the portable electronic device can only receive power from the wireless charging device.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a portable electronic device including a hybrid wireless charging system. The hybrid wireless charging system is configured to receive charge from the wireless charging device as well as transmit the charge to the secondary electronic device. In some embodiments, the hybrid charging system may include a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil, and one or more alignment mechanisms to aid in alignment with the secondary electronic device. By including the hybrid charging system in the portable electronic device, it improves the functionality of the electronic device and helps the portable electronic device achieve efficient power transfer with the secondary electronic device.

In some embodiments, the portable electronic device includes a housing having an interface surface, and an inductor coil-the inductor coil is disposed within the housing, with increasing radii so that the inductor coil is substantially planar and around a central point It includes a conductive wire wound in turns. The device includes: a charging circuit portion coupled to the inductor coil and configured to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and wirelessly transmit power; A control circuit portion coupled to the charging circuit portion and configured to instruct the charging circuit portion to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and to transmit power wirelessly; And a device detection coil coupled to the control circuit portion and configured to detect the presence of an external device on the interface surface, wherein the device detection coil is configured to operate at a different frequency than the inductor coil.

The device detection coil may be composed of a wire having a narrower trace width than the conductive wire used to form the inductor coil. The conductive wire may be formed of a plurality of subwires arranged in a single plane. The device may further comprise an electromagnetic shield disposed between the inductor coil and the interface surface and comprising a substrate layer and a conductive layer attached to the substrate layer, wherein the electromagnetic shield creates an electric field while allowing the magnetic flux to pass through. It can be configured to intercept. The inductor coil and device detection coil can be attached to the electromagnetic shield. The external profile of the device detection coil may be the same as the external profile of the electromagnetic shield. The device detection coil may be located on the outer periphery of the electromagnetic shield. The inductor coil may have a first external profile, and the device detection coil may have a second external profile different from the inductor coil. The device detection coil may be disposed outside the outer periphery of the inductor coil. The device detection coil can be formed of patterned conductive traces on the substrate, and the inductor coil can be formed of a stranded coil. The device may further include a magnetic material disposed between adjacent ones of the plurality of turns of the conductive wire. The conductive wire may be formed of a plurality of subwires arranged in a single plane, and the magnetic material may be further disposed between adjacent subwires of the conductive wire of each turn.

In certain embodiments, the portable electronic device comprises: a housing having an interface surface, an inductor coil-the inductor coil is disposed within the housing and has a plurality of turns around the center point and with increasing radii so that the inductor coil is substantially planar. A conductive wire wound with a wire, and an electromagnetic shield disposed between the inductor coil and the interface surface. The electromagnetic shield may include a substrate layer and a conductive layer attached to the substrate layer, and may be configured to intercept electric fields while allowing magnetic flux to pass through. The device may further comprise an interconnect component, the interconnect component comprising a first contact pad and a second contact pad located at the coupling end of the interconnect component, wherein the first contact pad is an electromagnetic shield. And the second contact pad may be configured to couple with the inductor coil. The device may also include a device detection coil configured to detect the presence of an external device on the charging surface, wherein the device detection coil is configured to operate at a different frequency than the inductor coil.

The device may further include a charging circuit portion disposed within the housing and coupled to the inductor coil, and the charging circuit portion may be configured to receive current from the inductor coil. The interconnect component can include a flexible circuit and can be configured to ground the electromagnetic shield and couple the inductor coil to the charging circuit. The interconnect component can be a flexible circuit board. The coupling end may be located at the center of the inductor coil so that both the electromagnetic shield and the inductor coil terminate at the center of the inductor coil. The conductive wire may be formed as a stranded coil, and each stranded wire has a cross-sectional profile in the shape of a square, a circle, or a rectangle.

In some embodiments, a wireless charging system includes a wireless charging device including a transmitter coil, and a portable electronic device configured to receive power from the wireless charging device. The portable electronic device comprises a housing having an interface surface, and an inductor coil-the inductor coil is a conductive wire disposed within the housing and wound in a plurality of turns around a center point and with increasing radii so that the inductor coil is substantially planar. Includes-May contain. The device includes: a charging circuit portion coupled to the inductor coil and configured to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and wirelessly transmit power; A control circuit portion coupled to the charging circuit portion and configured to instruct the charging circuit portion to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and to transmit power wirelessly; And a device detection coil coupled to the control circuitry and configured to detect the presence of an external device on the interface surface, wherein the device detection coil is configured to operate at a different frequency than the inductor coil.

The system may further include an electromagnetic shield disposed between the inductor coil and the interface surface and comprising a substrate layer and a conductive layer attached to the substrate layer, the electromagnetic shield intercepting the electric field while allowing the magnetic flux to pass through. Is configured to The device detection coil may be composed of a wire having a narrower trace width than the conductive wire used to form the inductor coil.

A better understanding of the nature and advantages of embodiments of the present invention can be obtained with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary portable electronic device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
2A is a simplified diagram illustrating electrical interactions experienced by an exemplary hybrid wireless charging system when receiving power from a wireless charging device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
2B is a simplified diagram illustrating electrical interactions experienced by an exemplary wireless charging system when transmitting power to a secondary device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
2C is a simplified diagram illustrating electrical interactions experienced by an exemplary wireless charging system when transmitting power to a secondary device lying on its side, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
3A is a simplified diagram illustrating an exploded view of a portable electronic device including a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil formed as a flexible printed circuit (FPC) coil, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
3B is an exemplary attachment assembly consisting of a sheet of single-sided and double-sided adhesives positioned at the edges of a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil in an overlapping arrangement, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Is a simplified diagram illustrating
3C is a simplified diagram illustrating an exemplary attachment assembly in which the double-sided adhesives are crescent shaped and do not overlap the edges of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
4A-4J are simplified diagrams illustrating different hybrid receiver/transmitter coil configurations suitable for receiving and transmitting power, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
5 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a portion of a wireless power receiving/transmitting module including a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil formed as an FPC and positioned within a housing of a portable electronic device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
6A is a simplified diagram illustrating an exemplary hybrid wireless charging system including a device detection coil and a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil in an interwound configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
6B is a simplified diagram illustrating an exemplary hybrid wireless charging system including a device detection coil in an outer-wound configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
6C is a simplified diagram illustrating an exemplary hybrid wireless charging system including a device detection coil in an inner-wound configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
7 is a simplified diagram illustrating an exploded view of a portable electronic device including a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil formed as a twisted pair coil, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
8A is a simplified diagram illustrating a top view of an electromagnetic shield and a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
8B is a simplified diagram illustrating a cross-sectional view of a twisted pair of conductive wire as shown by the cut line illustrated in FIG. 8A, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
8C is a simplified diagram illustrating an enlarged plan view of a portion of an electromagnetic shield, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
8D is a simplified diagram illustrating an example pattern with three transmitter coils, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
8E is a simplified diagram illustrating an exemplary transmitter coil arrangement configured in a rosette pattern, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
8F-8H are simplified diagrams illustrating different layers of a transmitter coil arrangement configured in a rosette pattern, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
9A is a simplified diagram illustrating an exploded view of another exemplary wireless power receiving/transmitting module with a twisted pair hybrid receiver/transmitter coil for a portable electronic device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
9B and 9C are simplified diagrams illustrating pads on the coupling end of an interconnect component for a power receive/transmit module, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
10A-10D are simplified diagrams illustrating different alignment mechanisms for hybrid wireless charging systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a hybrid wireless charging system for a portable electronic device. A hybrid wireless charging system may include a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil that can be operated to receive power as well as transmit power. For example, the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil can be coupled to a hybrid charging circuit that can operate the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil to receive power when the portable electronic device is positioned on the charging surface of the wireless charging device. The hybrid charging circuitry can also operate the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil to transmit power when the secondary electronic device is positioned on the charging surface of the portable electronic device. In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil may be designed to be efficient in both transmitting power as well as receiving power, which will be discussed in more detail herein. In some embodiments, the hybrid wireless charging system may further include an alignment mechanism to assist in aligning the secondary electronic device to the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil of the portable electronic device. The alignment mechanism may be a passive alignment mechanism, or an active alignment mechanism.

Thus, the portable electronic device not only wirelessly receives power from the wireless charging device, but also wirelessly transmits the power to the secondary electronic device, thereby increasing the functionality and versatility of the portable electronic device. Aspects and features of embodiments of such a portable electronic device are discussed in more detail herein.

I. Portable electronic device

Portable electronic devices are electronic devices that can operate uncoupled to the power grid by running on their own locally stored electrical power. The portable electronic device can be specially designed to perform various functions for the user. In some embodiments, electronic device 100 is a consumer electronic device such as a smart phone, tablet, laptop, or the like.

1 illustrates an exemplary portable electronic device 100, an exemplary power supply 119 for coupling with a device 100 to charge the device 100, and a portable device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary secondary electronic device 124 for receiving power from the electronic device 100. Device 100 includes a computing system 102 coupled to a memory bank 104. Computing system 102 may include control circuitry configured to execute instructions stored in memory bank 104 to perform a plurality of functions for operating device 100. The control circuitry may include one or more suitable computing devices, such as microprocessors, computer processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and the like.

Computing system 102 may also be coupled to user interface system 106, communication system 108, and sensor system 110 to enable electronic device 100 to perform one or more functions. . For example, the user interface system 106 includes a display, a speaker, a microphone, an actuator to enable haptic feedback, and one or more input devices, e.g., a button, a switch, a capacitive to enable the display to be touch sensitive. It may include a screen or the like. The communication system 108 is a wireless communication component, a Bluetooth component, and/or a wireless communication component for enabling the device 100 to make phone calls, interact with wireless accessories, and access the Internet. fidelity) component. The sensor system 110 may include light sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, temperature sensors, and any other type of sensor capable of measuring a parameter of an external entity and/or environment.

All of these electrical components require a power source to operate. Accordingly, the electronic device 100 also includes a battery 112 for discharging the stored energy to power the electrical components of the device 100. The electronic device 100 includes a hybrid wireless charging system 118 to replenish the discharged energy to power electrical components. The hybrid wireless charging system 118 may include a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 116 and hybrid charging circuitry 114 for receiving power from the wireless charging device 120 coupled to the external power source 122. . The wireless charging device 120 may include a transmitter coil for generating a time varying magnetic flux that may generate a corresponding current in the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 116. The generated current may be used by the hybrid charging circuit portion 114 to charge the battery 112. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hybrid wireless charging system 118 can also transmit power to the secondary electronic device 124. Details of such a hybrid wireless charging system are discussed in more detail herein.

II. Hybrid wireless charging system

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a hybrid wireless charging system capable of wirelessly receiving power as well as transmitting power wirelessly. 2A and 2B illustrate an exemplary hybrid wireless charging system during wireless power transfer. Specifically, FIG. 2A illustrates the electrical interactions experienced by an exemplary hybrid wireless charging system when receiving power from a wireless charging device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, and FIG. Illustrates electrical interactions experienced by an exemplary wireless charging system when transmitting power to a secondary device, in accordance with some embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 2A, a portable electronic device 204 is positioned on a charging surface 212 of a wireless charging device 202. The portable electronic device 204 may include a hybrid wireless charging system 207 having a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 and hybrid charging circuitry 205; The wireless charging device 202 can include a transmitter coil 206. The hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 may be an inductor coil capable of interacting with and/or generating a time varying magnetic flux. The portable electronic device 204 may be a consumer electronic device such as a smart phone, tablet, or the like. The wireless charging device 202 can be any suitable device configured to generate a time varying magnetic field to induce a corresponding current in the receiving device. For example, the wireless charging device 202 may be a wireless charging mat, a puck, a docking station, or the like. The portable electronic device 204 can rest on the wireless charging device 202 at the charging surface 212 to enable power delivery.

During wireless power transfer from the wireless charging device 202 to the portable electronic device 204, the hybrid wireless charging system 207 may operate to receive power from the wireless charging device 202. For example, the hybrid charging circuit unit 205 may operate the hybrid receiving coil 208 as a receiving coil to receive power by interacting with the time-varying magnetic flux 210 generated by the transmitter coil 206. . The hybrid charging circuit unit 205 may correspond to the hybrid charging circuit unit 114 in FIG. 1. Interaction with the time-varying magnetic flux 210 causes the induction of current in the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208, which will be used by the hybrid charging circuitry 205 to charge the internal battery of the portable electronic device 204. I can. As shown in FIG. 2A, the portable electronic device 204 can rest on the charging surface 212 of the wireless charging device 202. In some embodiments, the interface surface 220 of the portable electronic device 204 makes contact with the charging surface 212 during wireless power transfer. Thus, the portable electronic device 204 can receive power through the interface surface 220. Interface surface 220 may be an outer surface of a housing of portable electronic device 204.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hybrid wireless charging system 207 may also operate to transmit power to the secondary device. For example, referring to FIG. 2B, the secondary electronic device 214 can be positioned on a charging surface of the portable electronic device 204 to receive charge from the portable electronic device 204. In some embodiments, interface surface 220 is a charging surface through which secondary electronic device 214 can receive power from portable electronic device 204. Thus, the portable electronic device 204 can receive power as well as transmit power through the same surface, ie the interface surface 220.

The secondary electronic device 214 may be an electronic device capable of operating uncoupled to the power grid by driving on its own locally stored electrical power. For example, the secondary electronic device 214 may be an accessory that works with the portable electronic device 204 such as a smart watch, a smart phone, a wireless earbud, a case for a wireless earbud, or the like, or it may be a tablet, a laptop, or the like. It can be any other portable electronic device. The secondary electronic device 214 can include a secondary receiving coil 216 for receiving power during wireless power transfer.

During wireless power transfer from portable electronic device 204 to secondary electronic device 214, hybrid wireless charging system 207 may operate to transmit power to secondary electronic device 214. For example, the hybrid charging circuitry 205 may operate the hybrid receiving coil 208 as a transmitter coil to generate a time-varying magnetic flux 218 for interacting with the secondary receiver coil 216. In some embodiments, the hybrid charging circuitry 205 may drive current through the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 and cause the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 to generate a corresponding current in the secondary receiver coil 216. It can be made to create a time-varying magnetic flux 218 that can induce. The current induced in the secondary receiver coil 216 can be used by the secondary electronic device 214 to charge its battery. In some embodiments, the hybrid wireless charging system 207 also includes an alignment mechanism that helps align the secondary receiver coil 216 with the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208, as further discussed herein. Can include.

In some embodiments, the hybrid wireless charging system 207 may also operate to transmit power to the secondary device even when it lies on its side. In such a case, the horizontal magnetic flux generated by the hybrid wireless charging system 207 may be received by the secondary device. For example, referring to FIG. 2C, the secondary electronic device 214 may have its side positioned on the charging surface of the portable electronic device 204. The hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 may be configured to generate a flux a distance away from the interface surface 220 such that horizontal components of the magnetic flux 218 can be received by the secondary receiver coil 216. In some embodiments, the secondary receiver coil 216 may be wound around a ferromagnetic structure (not shown) to improve power transfer efficiency by directing the flux through the coil 216.

Considering that the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 can operate to receive power as well as transmit power, hybrid charging circuitry 205 may include circuitry suitable to enable such operations. As an example, the hybrid charging circuit unit 205 receives the current induced from the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 and uses the received power (typically alternating current (AC) power) available power (eg, direct current (DC) power). ) May include a power receiving circuit that can be converted to The hybrid charging circuitry may also include power transmission circuitry capable of driving current into the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 and causing the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 to generate a time varying magnetic flux. In some embodiments, the hybrid charging circuitry 205 also couples the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 to either the power receiving circuitry or the power transmitting circuitry, but not both at the same time, and thus the hybrid. A switching mechanism for operating the receiver/transmitter coil 208 may be included. For example, the hybrid charging circuit unit 205 may include a multiplexer for coupling the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 to either a power receiving circuit unit or a power transmitting circuit unit. The switching mechanism may be coupled between the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 208 and both the power receiving circuitry and the power transmitting circuitry.

III. Architecture and configuration of hybrid wireless charging system

The structural configuration of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil can be arranged such that it is substantially effective in both reception and transmission of power. Further, the assembly of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil in a portable electronic device can be specially designed to complement the receiving and transmitting capabilities of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil. In some embodiments, the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil can be formed in a variety of ways. For example, a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil may be formed of a conductive winding material arranged in a plurality of turns wound around a center point and with increasing radii so that the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil is substantially planar. The conductive winding can be formed as a flexible printed circuit (FPC) coil or as a twisted pair coil, as further discussed herein.

A. Flexible printed circuit coil

3A illustrates an exploded view of a portable electronic device 300 including a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 formed as an FPC coil, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The portable electronic device 300 may include an upper housing 326 and a housing 325 that may mate to define an inner cavity. As shown in FIG. 3A, the portable electronic device 300 has at least three separate shields, i.e. An electromagnetic shielding part 306, a ferromagnetic shielding part 310, and a heat shielding part 315 may be included.

The electromagnetic shield 306 is located in front of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 so that the magnetic flux reaches the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 when the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 operates as a receiver coil. The magnetic flux may be directed toward the electromagnetic shield 306 before passing through the electromagnetic shield 306 first, or when the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 operates as a transmitter coil. For example, the electromagnetic shield 306 may be located between the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 and the housing 325. In some embodiments, the electromagnetic shield 306 is substantially transparent to the magnetic flux so that most of the magnetic flux can pass through it, but also the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 or transmitter in the wireless charging device during operation. It may be a shielding layer that may be substantially opaque to the electric field such that the electric field generated by the coil is substantially blocked by it. By blocking the electric fields, the voltage generated by the electromagnetic shield 306 may be discharged to the ground. Blocking the electric fields mitigates noise resulting from the buildup of voltage on the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305. In some embodiments, the electromagnetic shield 306 is formed of a thin layer of any material suitable for blocking electric fields while allowing electromagnetic fields to pass through.

The ferromagnetic shield 310 may be positioned between the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 and the heat shield 315. In some embodiments, the ferromagnetic shield 310 acts as a magnetic field shield to redirect the magnetic flux to obtain a higher coupling with the transmitter coil in the wireless charging device, which results in improved charging efficiency. can do. The ferromagnetic shield 310 can also redirect the magnetic flux to prevent stray flux from interfering with sensitive internal components within the portable electronic device 300.

The heat shield 315 provides thermal isolation between the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 301 and the battery and other components of the portable electronic device 300 in which the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 301 is integrated. Graphite or similar layers may be included. The heat shield 315 may also include a copper layer that is connected to ground and contributes to heat shielding while also capturing stray flux.

The adhesive component 320 may be a single sheet of adhesive material such as a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) that attaches the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 301 to the housing 325. In some embodiments, the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 301 is attached to the housing 325 within a cutout area 330 sized and shaped to receive the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 301, This saves space in the electronic device to minimize the thickness of the portable electronic device 300. Instead of being attached to the housing 325 using a single sheet of adhesive material, the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 301 can be used with two or more sheets of adhesive material, as discussed herein in connection with FIGS. 3B and 3C. It may be attached to the housing 325 using an attachment assembly consisting of.

3B is an exemplary consisting of a sheet of single-sided adhesive 336 and double-sided adhesives 334a, 334b positioned at the edges of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 in an overlapping arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The attachment assembly 332 is illustrated. The double-sided adhesives 334a and 334b may be formed of PSA to attach the heat shield 315 to the housing 325. Single sided adhesive 336 can be attached to housing 325 and can act as an anti-splinter film in case of a break event. In certain embodiments, single-sided adhesive 336 may not be coupled to portable electronic device 300 such that ferromagnetic shield 310 and hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 are decoupled from housing 325. By decoupling the ferromagnetic shield 310 and the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 from the housing 325, vibrations caused by the time-varying magnetic fields generated during wireless power transfer are not transmitted to the housing 325, thereby The acoustic coupling between the ferromagnetic shield 310 and the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 from the housing 325 may be minimized. In some embodiments, single-sided adhesive 336 is formed of polyimide. As shown in FIG. 3B, double-sided adhesives 334a and 334b may be positioned around the periphery of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305. In some cases, double-sided adhesives 334a, 334b may overlap the edges of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305, as indicated by the relative position of the dotted line profile of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305.

3B shows the attachment assembly 340 as having double-sided adhesives 334a, 334b positioned around the periphery of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 in a manner that overlaps the edges of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305. Although illustrated, the embodiments are not so limited. Other attachment assemblies have double-sided adhesives that do not overlap the edges of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305. 3C illustrates an exemplary attachment assembly 338 in which the double-sided adhesives 340a-340d are crescent shaped and do not overlap the edges of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. . The double-sided adhesives 340a to 340d are shaped in a crescent shape to match the outer profile of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305. The double-sided adhesives 340a to 340d attach the ferromagnetic shield 310 to the housing 325 without overlapping with the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305. In some embodiments, the single-sided adhesive 336 may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305. For example, the single-sided adhesive 336 may be substantially circular.

Referring again to FIG. 3A, the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 may be disposed between the electromagnetic shield 306 and the ferromagnetic shield 310. In some embodiments, the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 may be operated to generate a time varying magnetic flux to transmit power to the secondary device. The generated time-varying magnetic flux can pass through the electromagnetic shield 306 to charge the secondary device, but to prevent stray magnetic flux from interference with other components in the portable electronic device 300, the ferromagnetic shield 310 ) Can be redirected. The hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 may also be operated to receive power from a time varying magnetic flux generated by a transmitter coil in a wireless charging device. The time-varying magnetic flux may first pass through the electromagnetic shield 306 before being exposed on the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305, and directed by the ferromagnetic shield 310 to obtain a higher coupling with the transmitter coil. Can be converted.

4A-4E illustrate simplified diagrams of different hybrid receiver/transmitter coil configurations suitable for receiving and transmitting power, in accordance with some embodiments. 4A illustrates an exemplary hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 400 configured as a helically wound FPC coil, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The coil 400 may be wound from an inner diameter to an outer diameter in a spiral configuration such that the overall shape is similar to a planar inductor coil formed of a plurality of turns of patterned wires on a flexible substrate. A terminal end located at the inner diameter of the coil 400 may be routed to the outer diameter by a conductive trace 402. Accordingly, a charging circuit unit such as the hybrid charging circuit unit 114 in FIG. 1 may be coupled to the coil 400 at one edge position 404 to operate the coil 400 to transmit or receive power.

The cross-sectional width of the wire used to form the coil 400 and the gap between adjacent turns of the coil 400 can be specifically adjusted to achieve a sufficient degree of efficiency during charging. For example, each turn of the wire in the coil 400 may be separated by a predetermined distance from adjacent turns and may have a cross section that is a single structure having a predetermined width. This is better illustrated in FIGS. 4G and 4H. 4G is an enlarged plan view of a portion 460 of the coil 400 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, the coil 400 starts from the first end end 466 and the second end end (not shown in Fig. 4G, but can be seen in Fig. 4A, where the coil is at the outer periphery of the coil 400). Terminated) may include a plurality of turns including first and second turns 462 and 464 forming part of a spirally wound planar coil wound outward in a planar configuration. 4H is a cross-sectional view of turns 462 and 464 of coil 400, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Each turn is a predetermined width separated from adjacent turns by a separation distance 469 that is both matched to achieve a target direct current resistance (DCR) and alternating current resistance (ACR) that are within the design specifications to achieve efficient wireless power transfer. It may be a single structure with 468. For example, each turn may have a width 468 of 0.7 to 0.9 mm, in particular approximately 0.8 mm in some embodiments. And, each turn may be separated from adjacent turns by a separation distance 469 of 0.25 to 0.45, in particular about 0.34 mm, in some embodiments. This configuration may in some embodiments result in a cross-sectional area per turn of 0.05 to 0.06 mm 2, such as approximately 0.056 mm 2.

While each turn may be a single structure in some cases, embodiments are not limited to such configurations. Other embodiments may have more structures per turn. For example, FIG. 4B is a top view of an exemplary hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 450 configured as a helically wound FPC coil with each turn comprising two structures, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Each pair of structures may be electrically coupled together such that the pair of structures functions as a single conductive path for a turn of the wire. In order for the pair of structures to be coupled together, the pair of structures may be coupled together at each terminal end of the wire. This can be better understood with reference to FIGS. 4I and 4J. 4I is an enlarged plan view of a portion 470 of coil 450 in FIG. 4B, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, the coil 450 starts from the first end end 476 and the second end end (not shown in Fig. 4i but can be seen in Fig. 4b, where the coil is at the outer periphery of the coil 450). Terminated) may include a plurality of turns including first and second turns 472 and 474 forming part of a spirally wound planar coil wound outward in a planar configuration.

Terminating end 476 may include a bridging portion 482 coupling the two structures together for each turn. As such, although each turn is formed of two structures, both can act as a single conductive path through which current flows. The bridging portion 482 may be a portion of a patterned wire that forms each turn such that the wire and bridging portion 482 is part of a monolithic structure. That is, the coil 450 may be a patterned deposited coil, which is a planar coil wound radially outward from the central axis in a planar manner, where each turn of the coil 450 is physically and It includes two structures that are electrically coupled together. In some embodiments, the bridging portion 482 is located at the terminal ends of the coil 450, ie, at points where the monolithic structure of the coil 450 physically terminates. Thus, the coil 450 has two bridging portions, i.e., a bridging portion 482 positioned within the inner diameter of the coil 450, and an outer bridging portion positioned at the outer edge of the coil 450 (not shown, but FIG. 4f).

4J is a cross-sectional view of turns 472 and 474 of coil 450, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Each turn may include two structures, that is, a first structure 475 and a second structure 477. Each structure may have a rectangular cross-sectional profile as shown in FIG. 4J, or any other suitable profile such as a square, circular, ovular or trapezoidal profile. The rectangular profile can efficiently use the space available for each turn of the wire. Both the first and second structures 475 and 477 may be electrically coupled together by the bridging portion 482 shown in FIG. 4I. Each structure 475, 477 of each turn 472, 474 of the wire may have a predetermined width 478, 480 and may be separated by a structure separation distance 473, each turn from an adjacent turn. It can be separated by a turn separation distance 479, all of which can be tailored to achieve target DCR and ACR that are within design specifications to achieve efficient wireless power transfer. For example, each turn may have a width 468 of 0.35 to 0.45 mm, particularly approximately 0.41 mm in some embodiments. And, each turn may be separated from adjacent turns by a separation distance 469 of 0.1 to 0.2, in particular about 0.16 mm, in some embodiments. Each turn of coil 450 may also have a cross-sectional area per turn that is substantially similar to coil 400, which in some embodiments may be between 0.05 and 0.06 mm 2, such as approximately 0.057 mm 2. Using two or more separate structures instead of one can achieve better charging efficiency while having substantially the same DCR as a coil having only one structure per turn (eg, coil 400).

In some embodiments, the coil 400 is a single layer helically wound coil; Other embodiments are not so limited. In some cases, the coil 400 may be a double-layer spiral wound coil. For example, the entire coil 400 may be a double layer such that each turn shown in FIG. 4A represents two layers of coils. Having additional layers throughout the coil 400 may increase the strength of the magnetic field generated by the coil 400, as well as the ability of the coil 400 to receive power from a time-varying magnetic field.

4A shows the coil 400 as a whole as a single layer or a double layer, although embodiments are not so limited. Some coils may have portions of turns that are single layer and some turns that are double layer. For example, FIG. 4B shows an exemplary hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 410 configured as a spirally wound coil comprising a single layer portion 412 and a double layer portion 414, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Illustrate. Having different portions with different numbers of layers can change the intensity profile of the time varying magnetic flux produced by hybrid transmitter coil 410. For example, the magnetic flux produced by the regions of the single layer portion 412 may not be as strong as the magnetic flux produced by the regions of the double layer portion 414. The size of each region can be configured to correspond to the sizes of the receiver coils in different secondary electronic devices, maximizing the efficiency of power transfer to such secondary electronic devices. Additionally, the size of each area can be configured to correspond to the sizes of the transmitter coils in different wireless charging devices, maximizing the efficiency of power transfer from such wireless charging devices.

4C illustrates an exemplary hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 420 arranged in a bimodal configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In a dual mode configuration, the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 420 may include more than one inductor coil. For example, the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 420 includes the first coil 422 and the second coil 424 entangled with each other within the region of the first coil 422 in a concentric manner, as shown in FIG. 4C. Can include. Each coil can be operated independently of each other, allowing the first coil 422 to operate to transmit power while the second coil 424 is turned off, and vice versa. In some embodiments, the first coil 422 and the second coil 424 of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 420 may each be optimized for different charging scenarios or different secondary electronic devices. For example, the first coil 422 may transmit power to (or receive power from) devices that operate at a first frequency or have a receiver coil of a first size corresponding to the size of the first coil 422. To) can be optimized; The second coil 424 may be optimized to transmit power to (or receive power from) devices operating at a second frequency or having a receiver coil of a second size corresponding to the size of the second coil 424. I can. The inner terminal end of the first coil 422 may be coupled to the charging circuit portion via a conductive trace 402, while its outer terminal end may be coupled to the charging circuit portion without the need for an additional conductive trace. However, both end ends of the second coil 424 may be coupled to the charging circuit portion through conductive traces 426 and 428. Accordingly, a charging circuit unit such as the hybrid charging circuit unit 114 in FIG. 1 is coupled with the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 420 at one edge position 404, so as to transmit or receive power. Both of the coils 422 and 424 of 420 can be operated.

4D illustrates an exemplary hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 430 arranged in a symmetrical coil configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 430 may start and terminate at the edge position 404, with intersections 432 and 434 that allow the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 430 to be symmetrical across the vertical and horizontal axes. I can have it. The symmetrical profile is that the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 430 and the transmitter coil-the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil receives power from it during wireless power transfer -, or the receiver coil-the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil transmits power to it- Leads to a reduction in capacitive coupling between.

4E illustrates an exemplary hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 440 arranged in an offset coil configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the offset coil configuration, the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 440 may include two inductor coils, that is, a first inductor coil 442 and a second inductor coil 444. Unlike the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 420 in FIG. 4C, both coils 442 and 444 are not concentric. Rather, the second inductor coil 444 is offset from the central axis of the first inductor coil 442. Offsetting the second inductor coil 444 from the center of the first inductor coil 442 causes the second inductor coil 444 to propagate in the horizontal direction across the center of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 440. To provide. This allows secondary electronic devices configured to receive the horizontal magnetic flux to receive power from the second inductor coil 444 even if it is located in the center of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 440 (ie, aligned with it). In some embodiments, the first inductor coil 442 may be configured to receive and/or transmit power, while the second inductor coil 444 is only configured to transmit power. In some embodiments, the second inductor coil 444 may be coupled to the charging circuit via conductive traces 446 and 448, where the conductive trace 448 is coupled to the conductive trace 402. Thus, the conductive trace 402 can be used to couple both the first and second inductor coils 442 and 444 to the charging circuit.

As shown in FIG. 4E, the first and second inductor coils 442 and 444 may be formed in different sizes. For example, the inner and outer diameters of the second inductor coil 444 may be smaller than the inner and outer diameters of the first inductor coil 442. Further, the second inductor coil 444 may be formed of a conductive material winding having a different thickness and width from that of the conductive material winding of the first inductor coil 442. Different sizes and thicknesses are applied such that the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 440 corresponds to the receiver coils of the secondary electronic device to which the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 440 transmits power, and the transmitter of the wireless charging device where the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 440 receives power. It can be configured to correspond to the coils. Although coils 400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450 are exemplary hybrid receiver/transmitter coils, other embodiments may use these coils as strictly receiver coils or strictly transmitter coils, It should be understood that they are not limited to hybrid receiver/transmitter coils only.

Now, a simplified cross-sectional view of a portion of a wireless power receiving/transmitting module 500 including a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 508 formed as an FPC and positioned within a housing of a portable electronic device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. See Figure 5. The wireless power reception/transmission module 500 may include, for example, the wireless power reception/transmission module 301 shown in FIG. 3A. As shown in FIG. 5, the portable electronic device can include a glass plate 502 having an ink layer 504 coated on the inner surface of the glass plate 502. The glass plate 502 can be attached to the housing of the portable electronic device to form the back surface of the portable electronic device. In some embodiments, the ink layer 504 has a low electrical conductivity, and the color of the ink layer can be selected to match other outer surfaces of the portable electronic device.

As shown, the wireless power reception/transmission module 500 may include three separate shields including an electromagnetic shield 514, a ferromagnetic shield 510, and a heat shield 512. . The electromagnetic shield 514 may represent the electromagnetic shield 306 shown in FIG. 3A; The ferromagnetic shielding part 510 may represent the ferromagnetic shielding part 310, and the heat shielding part 512 may represent the heat shielding part 315. An adhesive 506, such as a pressure sensitive adhesive, may attach the module 500 to the ink coated glass layer 502/504 and act as a non-destructive film in case of a break event.

The ferromagnetic shield 510 includes a relatively thick layer of ferrite material 522 sandwiched between a thin adhesive layer 520 and a thin thermoplastic polymer layer 524 such as a polyethylene terephthalate film. The adhesive layer 520 and the thermoplastic polymer layer 524 contain ferrite and prevent small cracks, burrs or other defects in the ferrite surface from coming into contact with other components of the wireless power receiving/transmitting module. A carrier for the ferrite layer 522 is provided. The ferromagnetic shield 510 is located on the opposite side of the conductive coil 518 from the electromagnetic shield 514 in the wireless power reception/transmission module 500.

The heat shield 512 may include a heat layer 528 attached to the conductive layer 526 by a thin conductive adhesive (not shown). The thermal layer 528 provides thermal isolation between the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 500 and various components of the portable electronic device. The conductive layer 526 can be coupled to ground to provide additional heat shielding, capture stray flux and prevent such flux from interfering with the display (not shown) or other components of the portable electronic device.

5, the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 500 also includes a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 508 operable to receive or transmit power, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. can do. Hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 508 may include a flexible dielectric base layer 516 such as a polyimide layer. In some embodiments, the electromagnetic shield 514 may be formed directly on one side of the polyimide layer 516 and the conductive coil 518 may be formed directly on the opposite side. Forming the electromagnetic shield 514 and the conductive coil 518 directly on opposite sides of the base layer 516 allows a single carrier layer to be used for both the receiver shield and receiver coil, thus receiving wireless power. / Allows the overall thickness of the transmission module 500 to be reduced. To further reduce the thickness, some embodiments of the present disclosure flex a coverlay or other type of protective layer as used in conventional flex circuits to encapsulate and protect circuits formed on the flex. Not included above. Instead, some embodiments of the present disclosure plate the conductive coil 518 with an electroless nickel plating process followed by a thin layer of immersion gold that protects the nickel from oxidation.

In some embodiments, the conductive coil 518 may be formed from a single length of patterned conductive trace wound into a plurality of turns including turns 518a and 518b. The conductive trace can be wound around a center point and with increasing radii so that the resulting coil is substantially planar. As further shown in FIG. 5, each turn is separated by a gap 532 separating adjacent turns 518a and 518b of conductive coil 518. It is often the case to choose the coil width to gap ratio of a conventional receiver coil to maximize the size of the receiver coil and achieve the maximum wire width that the receiver can fit in its allocated space. However, according to some embodiments, the coil width to gap ratio is not selected to maximize the size of the conductive coil 518 or to achieve a maximum wire width. Rather, the coil width to gap ratio can be tailored to maximize efficiency depending on the operating frequency used during wireless power transfer. Higher operating frequencies tend to work better with coils with smaller wire widths. Thus, in some embodiments, the wire width to gap ratio may vary between 60:40 to 80:20, particularly 70:30 in some cases for an operating frequency of approximately 130 kHz. In some embodiments, gaps 532 may be filled with magnetic material 530 to help induce magnetic flux to propagate through hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 508. The magnetic material 530 may be a ferrite material formed of a glue-based material having magnetic properties for redirecting magnetic flux through the conductive coil 518. In some cases, magnetic material 530 completely fills the space between adjacent turns 518a, 518b of conductive coil 518 and between ferrite layer 522 and electromagnetic shield 514, as shown in FIG. To charge. While the conductive coil 518 is shown as having a single cross-sectional structure, it is noted that other embodiments may have a conductive coil 518 formed to include multiple cross-sectional structures, as discussed herein in connection with FIG. 4J. It must be understood. In such a case, the magnetic material 530 also fills in the areas between the structures of each turn, such as within the structure separation distance, e.g., in the gap created by the structure separation distance 473 in FIG. 4J. can do.

As mentioned herein, a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil in a portable electronic device can transmit power as well as receive power. When the secondary electronic device is placed against the charging surface of the portable electronic device, power can be transmitted to the secondary electronic device. However, often, the secondary electronic device is not located anywhere near the charging surface of the portable electronic device. Thus, the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil should not generate magnetic flux to transmit power. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein in connection with FIGS. 6A-6C, a device detection coil may be implemented in a hybrid wireless charging system.

6A-6C include hybrid receiver/transmitter coils and device detection coils for detecting the presence of an electronic device positioned to receive power from the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Illustrates different exemplary hybrid wireless charging systems. The exemplary hybrid receiver/transmitter coils shown in FIGS. 6A-6C are configured as FPC coils.

6A illustrates an exemplary hybrid wireless charging system 600 including a device detection coil 604 and a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 in an intertwined configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 may be formed of a conductive coil, which is a single length patterned conductive trace wound in a plurality of turns. The wire can be wound around a center point and with increasing radii so that the resulting coil is substantially planar. As shown in FIG. 6A, the intertwined configuration is arranged such that the device detection coil 604 is wound within a portion of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. For example, the device detection coil 604 can be wound in gaps between adjacent turns of the conductive traces of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. The device detection coil 604 can be intertwined within any portion of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. As an example, the device detection coils 604 may be entangled with each other near the outer edge 608 of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 as shown in FIG. 6A. Alternatively, the device detection coil 604 may be located near the inner edge 606 of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602, or away from either the outer edge 608 or the inner edge 606. Can intertwine within (602).

6A illustrates the device detection coil 604 in an intertwined configuration, but embodiments are not limited to such configurations. For example, the device detection coil can be wound around the outer edge of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil or within the inner edge of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C. 6B illustrates an exemplary hybrid wireless charging system 610 including a device detection coil 612 in an externally wound configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In an outer wound configuration, the device detection coil 612 can be wound around the outer edge 614 of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. 6C illustrates an exemplary hybrid wireless charging system 610 including a device detection coil 622 in an inner wound configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In an inner wound configuration, the device detection coil 622 can be wound outside and close to the inner edge 624 of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602.

The device detection coils 604, 612, 622 are independent of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 to detect the presence of an external device on the charging surface of the portable electronic device in which the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 is housed. It can be operated as. For example, while the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 is turned off and does not generate a time-varying magnetic flux, the detection coils 604, 612, 622 may be turned on to perform device detection. In addition to detecting the presence of an external device, the device detection coils 604, 612, 622 also provide sensitive radio frequency identification (RFID), such as credit cards, that are sensitive to magnetic fields located on the charging surface of a portable electronic device. ) The presence of components can be detected. In such a case, if a sensitive RFID component is detected, the portable electronic device will ensure that the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 is not turned on so that the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 does not generate strong magnetic fields that can erase the credit card. Can be configured to ensure that.

In some embodiments, device detection coils 604, 612, 622 may operate at a different frequency than hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. As an example, the device detection coils 604, 612, 622 can operate at a higher frequency than the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. In addition to the difference in operating frequency, the device detection coils 604, 612, 622 can also be configured differently from the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. In some embodiments, the device detection coils 604, 612, 622 have a narrower trace width than the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. The narrower width may cause the device detection coils 604, 612, 622 to operate at a higher frequency than the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602.

According to some embodiments, the control circuitry in the computing system, e.g., computing system 102 of FIG. 1, is based on a detection signal from any of the device detection coils 604, 612, 622. It may be configured to operate the coil 602. For example, the device detection coils 604, 612, 622 can generate a detection signal when it is detected that the external device is located on the charging surface. The detection signal can be received by the control circuitry, which can then use this information to turn on the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. In some embodiments, once the detection signal is received, the control circuitry is a device suitable for the external device to provide power (e.g., a wireless charging device), or a device suitable for receiving power (e.g., a secondary electronic device). You can decide whether or not. This determination can be made via communication with an external device, for example via Bluetooth communication or via power modulated communication between the two coils. When it is determined that the external device is a wireless charging device, the control circuitry activates the switching mechanism to couple the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 to the power receiving circuitry, thereby connecting the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 to receive power. It can be operated. However, if it is determined that the external device is a secondary electronic device, the control circuitry activates the switching mechanism to couple the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602 to the power transmission circuitry, thereby transmitting power to the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 602. ) Can be operated.

B. Stranded coil

Although the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil can be formed as an FPC coil, embodiments are not limited to such configurations. Rather, some embodiments may include hybrid charging systems having a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil formed as a twisted pair coil. 7 illustrates an exploded view of a portable electronic device 700 including a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 formed as a twisted pair coil, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The portable electronic device 700 can include a top housing 726 and a bottom housing 725 that can mate to define an interior cavity. As shown in FIG. 7, the portable electronic device 700 includes at least three separate shields, i.e., with an adhesive component 720 that attaches the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 701 to the housing 725. An electromagnetic shielding part 706, a ferromagnetic shielding part 710, and a heat shielding part 715 may be included. The three shields and adhesive component function and are positioned in a manner substantially similar to the corresponding components discussed herein in connection with FIGS. 3A-3C. Details of such operations, functions, configurations, and locations may be referenced in FIG. 3A and are not discussed herein with respect to FIG. 7 for brevity. Unlike the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 301 of FIGS. 3A-3C, the electromagnetic shield 706 and adhesive component 720 may include a central opening corresponding to the inner diameter of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705. have.

In some embodiments, unlike FPC coils in which the device detection coil is formed as part of the same FPC as the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil, device detection coils for hybrid wireless charging systems may be implemented with an electromagnetic shield. As shown in FIG. 7, the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 701 may include a device detection coil 708 positioned around the periphery of the electromagnetic shield 706. Further details of the twisted pair hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 and the device detection coil 708 are discussed herein in connection with FIGS. 8A-8C.

8A is a top view of an electromagnetic shield 706 and hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, the electromagnetic shield 706 is translucent and superimposed over the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 so that the relative positioning and configurations of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 and the electromagnetic shield 706 can be observed. To be able to. The hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 may be formed of a conductive coil, which is a single length of conductive wire wound with a plurality of turns between the first end 802 and the second end 804. The first terminating end 802 may be located within the inner diameter of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 and the second terminating end 804 may be positioned outside the outer diameter of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705. The wire can be wound around a center point and with increasing radii so that the resulting coil is substantially planar. In some embodiments, the wire is formed from a plurality of subwires configured in various ways, as further discussed herein in connection with FIG. 8B.

8B illustrates cross-sectional views of different configurations of a conductive wire as shown by the cut line illustrated in FIG. 8A. Specifically, FIG. 8B illustrates three non-limiting configurations, namely, a first configuration (A), a second configuration (B), and a third configuration (C). The conductive wire may include a plurality of subwires arranged in a single plane. Thus, each turn of a wire in hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 may comprise a plurality of subwires. Forming the wire with a plurality of subwires causes the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 to have multiple turns, thereby improving the performance of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705.

According to configuration A, the coil 705 may be formed of a plurality of turns of a wire, and each turn of the wire may include a plurality of subwires 806 having a circular cross-sectional shape. In some embodiments, each turn of the wire may include 12 subwires having a circular cross-sectional shape that are coplanar with each other. However, the embodiments are not limited to coils having subwires of circular cross-sectional shape. For example, according to configuration B, each turn of the coil 705 may include a plurality of subwires 807 having a square-like cross-sectional shape. This allows the subwires 807 to better utilize the space between the subwires 807 to maximize the cross-sectional area of the wire for each turn. In such embodiments, each turn of the wire may comprise 12 subwires having a square-like cross-sectional shape that are coplanar with each other. Further, according to the configuration C, each turn of the coil 705 may include a plurality of subwires 807 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape. In such embodiments, each turn of the wire may comprise six subwires having a rectangular cross-sectional shape that are coplanar with each other. The number of subwires is not limited to that shown in FIG. 8B, and it should be understood that other embodiments may be more or less than the number of subwires shown in FIG. 8B.

Referring again to FIG. 8A, the electromagnetic shield 706 may be a sheet of material capable of blocking the propagation of an electric field while allowing propagation of the magnetic field through its structure. For example, the electromagnetic shield 706 may include a layer of silver laminated against a layer of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which can function as a support structure for the layer of silver. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the device detection coil 708 may be attached to the electromagnetic shield 706. As an example, the device detection coil 708 is attached to the side of the electromagnetic shield 706 to which the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 is also attached and is formed around the outer periphery of the electromagnetic shield 706. It can be a conductive trace. In some cases, the external profile of the device detection coil 708 may correspond to the external profile of the electromagnetic shield 706. For example, the outer profile of the electromagnetic shield 706 is substantially square-like with rounded corners, as shown in FIG. 8A. Thus, the outer profile of the device detection coil 708 may also have a square-like shape with rounded corners. In certain embodiments, the external profile of the device detection coil 708 may be different than the external profile of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705, which may be substantially circular. Configuring the device detection coil 708 around the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 determines whether the device detection coil 708 is positioned to receive power from the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705. Make it possible. An enlarged view of the device detection coil 708 patterned on the electromagnetic shield 706 is shown in FIG. 8C.

8C illustrates an enlarged plan view of a portion of the electromagnetic shield 706, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, the device detection coil 708 can be patterned proximate the outer edge 808 of the electromagnetic shield 706. In some embodiments, the device detection coil 708 is patterned proximate the outer edge 808 such that it is located outside the outer periphery of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705. Configuring the device detection coil 708 around the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705 means that the device detection coil 708 overlaps with any area of the entire surface of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705. Lets you decide whether or not. In some embodiments, the patterned conductive trace width for the device detection coil 708 is narrower than the twisted pair coil width of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705. Similar to the device detection coils 604, 612, 622 discussed herein in connection with FIGS. 6A and 6B, the device detection coil 708 detects the presence of secondary electronic devices and/or sensitive RFID components. In order to be able to operate at a different frequency than the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 705.

The embodiments discussed herein with respect to FIGS. 7 and 8A-8C include only one twisted pair coil, but the embodiments are not limited to such embodiments. Some embodiments may include more than one twisted pair coil arranged in a specific pattern to create an array of magnetic fluxes that form a continuous charging surface on which the electronic device can be charged. The continuous charging surface allows the electronic device to efficiently charge at any location within a large area of the charging surface.

8D illustrates three inductive coils, namely, a first inductive coil 812, a second inductive coil 814, and a third inductive coil 816, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. An exemplary pattern 810 having is illustrated. Each inductive coil may be a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil capable of receiving wireless power by interacting with magnetic fields as discussed herein or transmitting wireless power by generating magnetic fields. Further, each inductive coil can be operated individually, meaning that each inductive coil can be activated without activating other inductive coils; Each inductive coil can provide power at the same frequency, phase, and amplitude. The first, second, and third inductive coils 812, 814, and 816 are arranged in three separate layers, thereby forming an inductive coil stack. For example, the first inductive coil 812 may be located in the first layer, the second inductive coil 814 may be located in the second layer above the first layer, and the third inductive coil 816 may be located in a third layer above the first layer and the second layer. Each inductive coil may be formed from a single layer of wire wound from an outer radius to an inner radius to form a flat ring-shaped shape, as discussed herein in connection with FIG. 7.

In some embodiments, the first, second, and third inductive coils 812, 814, 816 may each include a central termination region. The central termination region may be an area in the center of each inductive coil that is reserved for interfacing with an interconnect layer, such as a printed circuit board (PCB). As shown in FIG. 8D, the first, second, and third inductive coils 812, 814, and 816 may have central termination regions 826, 828, and 830, respectively. The central termination regions 826, 828, 830 may be regions in the center of each inductive coil that are reserved for interfacing with the interconnect layer. Thus, the first, second, and third inductive coils 812, 814, 816 are positioned where their respective central termination regions can interface with the interconnect layer without being blocked by a neighboring inductive coil. Can be located in the field. For example, the central termination region 826 of the inductive coil 812 is located transversely outside the outer diameter of the inductive coils 814 and 816. The same can be said for the central termination zones 828, 830. Thus, the central termination regions 826, 828, 830 can extend through the inductive coil stack without intersecting another inductive coil. In some embodiments, the central termination regions 826, 828, 830 may be positioned equally spaced apart from each other such that the central termination regions 826, 828, 830 form an equilateral triangle 832.

In certain embodiments, pattern 810 may be expanded to form different patterns for different shapes and sizes of wireless charging mats. One such pattern is a rosette pattern, which may be suitable for substantially circular wireless charging areas. The rosette pattern may be a pattern in which inductive coils are arranged in an overlapping arrangement such that different coils of the plurality of coils are on different planes and are non-concentric with each other. In an extended base pattern, the one or more inductive coil layers may include more than one inductive coil.

4 illustrates an exemplary inductive coil arrangement 840 configured in a rosette pattern, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The inductive coil arrangement 840 may include three separate inductive coil layers, wherein one or more of those layers includes a plurality of inductive coils. For example, the first inductive coil layer may include inductive coils 842a to 842c, the second inductive coil layer may include inductive coils 844a to 844c, and the third The inductive coil layer may include an inductive coil 846. Each inductive coil in the inductive coil arrangement 840 may have an opening defined by the inner diameter of the inductive coil, wherein each opening does not overlap with any portion of the adjacent inductive coil. ) (Ie, the central part). Additionally, the inductive coils are arranged so that two of the plurality of coils are not concentric with each other.

The base pattern is spread throughout the rosette pattern so that all groups of three inductive coils closest to each other-one group in each inductive coil layer-are arranged in the base pattern. For example, inductive coils 842a, 844a, 846 are arranged in a base pattern. Likewise, inductive coils 842a, 844b, 846 are arranged in a base pattern, inductive coils 844b, 842c, 846 are arranged in a base pattern, and so on. By arranging the inductive coil arrangement 840 according to the base pattern, the inductive coil arrangement 840 can create a continuous charging area in which the electronic device can be charged at any location.

To better understand the arrangement of the extended base pattern, FIGS. 8F-8H illustrate different layers of the inductive coil arrangement 840. Specifically, FIG. 8F illustrates a first layer including inductive coils 842a to 842c, FIG. 8G illustrates a second layer including inductive coils 844a to 844c, and FIG. 5H Illustrates a third layer comprising an inductive coil 846. According to embodiments, the inductive coils in the same layer may be equally spaced so that the generated magnetic fields may be arranged in a uniformly spaced grid pattern. For example, the inductive coils 842a to 842c and 844a to 844c may be spaced apart by a distance D1. The distance D1 may be selected such that portions of the inductive coils in different layers are wide enough to fit therein for lamination purposes, as discussed further herein. In other embodiments, the distance D1 may be selected to be wide enough so that adjacent inductive coils do not make contact with each other. For example, the distance D1 may be less than 3 mm. In certain embodiments, the distance D1 is less than 1 mm.

The center of each inductive coil in the same layer may be separated by a distance D2. The distance D2 can affect the uniformity of the magnetic flux across the filling surface. A larger distance D2 results in a lower magnetic flux uniformity across the filling surface, while a smaller distance D2 results in a higher magnetic flux uniformity across the filling surface. In some embodiments, the distance D2 is selected to be the minimum distance that allows a suitable distance D1 between the inductive coils while taking into account the outer diameter of each inductive coil. In further embodiments, the distance D2 is the same for all adjacent inductive coils in the same layer. Thus, groups of three inductive coils (e.g., inductive coils 842a to 842c, 844a to 844c in each of the first and second layers, respectively) are arranged according to the end points of the equilateral triangle 862 Can be.

9A illustrates an exploded view of another exemplary wireless power receiving/transmitting module 901 having a twisted pair hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 902 for a portable electronic device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Like the module 701, the power receiving/transmitting module 901, together with an adhesive component 910 that attaches the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 901 to the housing of the portable electronic device, has three separate shields, i.e. , An electromagnetic shielding portion 904, a ferromagnetic shielding portion 906, and a heat shielding portion 908 may be included. The three shields and adhesive component function and are positioned in a manner substantially similar to the corresponding components discussed herein in connection with FIGS. 3A-3C. Unlike the wireless power receiving/transmitting module 701 in FIG. 7, the electromagnetic shield 904 may have an outer diameter that substantially matches the outer diameter of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 902, and the adhesive component 910 Is structured and functioning similarly to the double-sided adhesives 340a, 340b in FIG. 3C to attach the ferromagnetic shield 906 to the housing of a portable electronic device without overlapping the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 902. May contain parts. The electromagnetic shield 904 may be a separate structure bonded to the surface of the coil 902 with an adhesive (not shown). The ferromagnetic shield 906 may be formed of any suitable ferromagnetic material such as a nickel zinc ferrite material or nanocrystalline foil. The nanocrystalline foil can be formed from multiple layers of nanocrystalline material separated by adhesive layers.

In some embodiments, the power receiving/transmitting module 901 is coupled to the interconnect component 914 to enable operation of the coil 902 and grounding of the electromagnetic field 904. The interconnect component 914 may be a flexible circuit board having a coupling end 916 whose z-height can fit within the z-height of the module 901. Thus, the heat shield 908 may have a cutout area 917 along a portion of the interconnect component 914, where the cutout area 917 is from the center of the module 901. It extends to the edge to provide space for the interconnect component 914 to be located therein. Further, the ferromagnetic shield 906 and the electromagnetic shield 904 may also have cutout regions 907 and 905 respectively, and the cutout regions have the coupling end 916 being z- It is possible to provide a space that can be located inside without substantially affecting the height. In certain embodiments, the coupling end 916 of the interconnect component 914 is at the center of the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 902 and/or within the inner diameter (i.e., at the center of the power receiving/transmitting module 901). ) Positioned so that the coil 902 can have one end end coupled to the coupling end 916 at the center of the module 901, and the electromagnetic shield 904 is coupled to couple to ground. So that it can be terminated in the center of the module 901 on the end 916.

In some embodiments, coupling end 916 of interconnect component 914 may include two or more pads for coupling with hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 902 and electromagnetic shield 904. 9B is an enlarged plan view of the coupling end 916 of the interconnect component 914, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, the coupling end 916 may include two pads, that is, a first contact pad 922 and a second contact pad 924 positioned adjacent to each other at the coupling end 916. have. The first contact pad 922 is coupled to the electromagnetic shield 904 to couple the electromagnetic shield 904 to ground, and the second contact pad 924 is coupled to the coil 902 to provide a coil. The operation of 902 can be enabled. In some embodiments, the second contact pad 924 is tilted to a certain degree relative to the first contact pad 922 so that each contact pad can be better oriented to couple with its respective shield and coil connections. To be. The adhesive 923 can attach the end of the electromagnetic shield 904 to the interconnect component 914. In some embodiments, the adhesive 923 may be coated over the entire surface of the first contact pad 922 as shown in FIG. 9B, or the first contact pad 922 as shown in FIG. 9C. It may include two portions 926 and 928 coated over the portions. The portion 926 may cover a portion of the center of the first contact pad 922, and the portion 928 may cover a portion of the outer edges of the first contact pad 922 such that the portion 928 is U-shaped. I can.

C. Alignment mechanism for hybrid wireless charging systems

As mentioned herein, the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil can transmit power as well as receive power. To transmit power, the receiver coil in the secondary electronic device often needs to be aligned with the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil in the portable electronic device to maximize power transfer efficiency. Thus, hybrid wireless charging systems according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include one or more alignment mechanisms. Alignment mechanisms can help align the receiver coil in the secondary device with the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil in the portable electronic device. For example, in some embodiments, the alignment mechanism may be passive magnetic devices that attract corresponding magnets located within the secondary electronic device to align the receiver coil with the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil. Alternatively, the alignment mechanism may be active proximity detection devices that determine the relative position of the receiver coil relative to the hybrid receiver/transmitter coil, as further discussed herein.

10A-10D illustrate different alignment mechanisms for hybrid wireless charging systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, alignment mechanisms may be disposed between the housing 325/725 (see FIGS. 3A and 7) and the adhesive layer 320/attachment assembly 332, 338 (see FIGS. 3A-3C). have. The alignment mechanisms illustrated in FIGS. It is shown superimposed over the containing attachment assembly. Adhesives 336, 334a, 334b are discussed in detail herein in connection with FIGS. 3B and 3C, and are not repeated for brevity.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the alignment mechanism may be a manual alignment mechanism comprising one or more permanent magnets. For example, FIG. 10A illustrates an exemplary alignment mechanism formed with magnets 1002a-1002d positioned at corners in a square configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The magnets 1002a-1002d may be configured in rounded rectangular shapes, or any other suitable shape such as circular, square, trapezoidal, and oval shapes. In some other embodiments, different configurations of magnets may be used. For example, FIG. 10B illustrates an exemplary alignment mechanism formed with paired magnets 1004a-1004d positioned at corners in a square configuration, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Each of the paired magnets 1004a to 1004d may include at least two magnets positioned side by side with each other in the configuration shown in FIG. 10B. 10A and 10B illustrate alignment mechanisms formed of four magnets positioned in a square configuration, but other embodiments may have different numbers of magnets and may be positioned differently. For example, some embodiments may have more or less than four magnets, and may be located around the periphery of single-sided adhesive 336 or only on two sides of single-sided adhesive 336.

10A and 10B illustrate alignment mechanisms formed of a plurality of magnets positioned in a square configuration, the embodiments are not limited to such a configuration. In some embodiments, the alignment mechanism may be formed with a peripheral magnet as shown in FIG. 10C. 10C illustrates an exemplary alignment mechanism formed with perimeter magnet 1006, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The peripheral magnet 1006 may be a ring-shaped structure having a rounded rectangular profile, as shown in FIG. 10C. Perimeter magnet 1006 may have a profile substantially similar to the outer profile of single sided adhesive 336 or adhesive layer 320/720.

10D illustrates an exemplary alignment mechanism formed with an arrangement of proximity detection coils 1008a-1008d, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Each proximity detection coil 1008a-1008d may be formed of a coil of wire that can be actively used to detect the position of an external device. For example, the proximity detection coil 1008a may be operated to detect whether an external device is located in proximity to the coil 1008a. When the coil 1008a detects that the external device is located close to the coil 1008a, a computing system such as the computing system 102 of FIG. Because it is located nearby, it can be determined that the secondary device is misaligned. In some embodiments, when all proximity detection coils 1008a-1008d detect that an external device is located in proximity, sufficient alignment may be detected by computing system 102.

In accordance with some embodiments, proximity detection coils 1008a-1008d may be used to help a user achieve alignment between a receiver coil and a hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 in a secondary electronic device. In such embodiments, the computing system 102 uses proximity detection coils 1008a-1008d to determine which detection coils 1008a-1008d are detecting the proximity of the secondary electronic device. You can determine the location of. If only the detection coil 1008a is detecting the proximity of the secondary electronic device, the computing system 102 may determine that the two coils are misaligned.

In some embodiments, computing system 102 may be configured to notify a user that hybrid receiver/transmitter coil 305 is misaligned with a receiver coil in a secondary electronic device. Notification may be performed by operating a light emitting diode (LED) observable by the user. As an example, the LED can emit red when the coils are misaligned, and can emit green when the coils are aligned; Alternatively, the LED can be "breathed" by pulsing light gradually at a frequency corresponding to the degree of alignment between the two coils. For example, the LED can pulse at a higher frequency when the two coils are closer to the alignment and at a lower frequency when the two coils are further away from the alignment.

In addition to simply notifying the user of the alignment/misalignment, the computing system 102 can also help the user move the secondary device for alignment. For example, the computing system 102 can output instructions on the display to help the user move the secondary electronic device for alignment. Following the above example, if only the coil 1008a is detecting the proximity of the secondary electronic device, the computing system 102 may instruct the user to move the secondary electronic device to the bottom right. Once all four device detection coils 1008a-1008d detect the proximity of the secondary electronic device, the computing system 102 issues an instruction on the display to stop moving the secondary electronic device because the two coils are aligned. Can be printed.

10D illustrates device detection coils 1008a to 1008d having a circular shape, but embodiments are not so limited. Other embodiments may have device detection coils having shape profiles of rectangular, square, triangular, or any other geometric shapes. Further, the embodiments do not necessarily require four detection coils arranged in a square configuration as shown in FIG. 10D. Other embodiments may have more or fewer device detection coils arranged in different configurations.

While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments, it will be understood that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (20)

As a portable electronic device,
A housing having an interface surface;
An inductor coil, the inductor coil comprising a conductive wire disposed within the housing and wound in a plurality of turns around a center point and with increasing radii so that the inductor coil is substantially planar;
A charging circuit unit coupled to the inductor coil and configured to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and wirelessly transmit power;
A control circuit unit coupled to the charging circuit unit and configured to instruct the charging circuit unit to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and to transmit power wirelessly; And
A device detection coil coupled to the control circuit portion and configured to detect the presence of an external device on the interface surface, the device detection coil being configured to operate at a different frequency than the inductor coil,
The device detection coil is wound around an outer periphery of the inductor coil. The portable electronic device of claim 1, wherein the device detection coil is comprised of a wire having a narrower trace width than the conductive wire used to form the inductor coil. The portable electronic device of claim 1, wherein the conductive wire is formed of a plurality of subwires arranged in a single plane. The method of claim 1, further comprising an electromagnetic shielding portion disposed between the inductor coil and the interface surface, and comprising a substrate layer and a conductive layer attached to the substrate layer, wherein the electromagnetic shielding portion has a magnetic flux. A portable electronic device configured to intercept the electric field while allowing it to pass. The portable electronic device according to claim 4, wherein the inductor coil and the device detection coil are attached to the electromagnetic shield. The portable electronic device according to claim 4, wherein an external profile of the device detection coil is the same as an external profile of the electromagnetic shield, and the device detection coil is located at an outer periphery of the electromagnetic shield. The portable electronic device of claim 1, wherein the inductor coil has a first external profile, and the device detection coil has a second external profile different from the inductor coil. delete The portable electronic device of claim 1, wherein the device detection coil is formed of patterned conductive traces on a substrate, and the inductor coil is formed of a stranded coil. The portable electronic device of claim 1, further comprising a magnetic material disposed between adjacent ones of the plurality of turns of the conductive wire. The portable electronic device of claim 10, wherein the conductive wire is formed of a plurality of subwires arranged in a single plane, and the magnetic material is further disposed between adjacent subwires of the conductive wire of each turn. As a portable electronic device,
A housing having an interface surface;
An inductor coil, the inductor coil comprising a conductive wire disposed within the housing and wound in a plurality of turns around a center point and with increasing radii so that the inductor coil is substantially planar;
An electromagnetic shield disposed between the inductor coil and the interface surface, the electromagnetic shield comprising a substrate layer and a conductive layer attached to the substrate layer and configured to intercept electric fields while allowing magnetic flux to pass through;
An interconnect component, the interconnect component comprising a first contact pad and a second contact pad located at a coupling end of the interconnect component, the first contact pad configured to couple with the electromagnetic shield, The second contact pad is configured to couple with the inductor coil; And
A device detection coil configured to detect the presence of an external device on the interface surface, wherein the device detection coil is configured to operate at a different frequency than the inductor coil. 13. The portable electronic device of claim 12, further comprising a charging circuit portion disposed within the housing and coupled to the inductor coil, the charging circuit portion configured to receive current from the inductor coil. 14. The portable electronic device of claim 13, wherein the interconnect component comprises a flexible circuit and is configured to ground the electromagnetic shield and couple the inductor coil to the charging circuit. 13. The portable electronic device of claim 12, wherein the interconnection component is a flexible circuit board. 13. The portable electronic device of claim 12, wherein the coupling end is located at the center of the inductor coil such that both the electromagnetic shield and the inductor coil terminate at the center of the inductor coil. The portable electronic device of claim 12, wherein the conductive wire comprises a twisted pair coil, and each strand has a cross-sectional profile in the shape of a square, circle, or rectangle. As a wireless charging system,
A wireless charging device including a transmitter coil; And
A portable electronic device configured to receive power from the wireless charging device, the portable electronic device comprising:
A housing having an interface surface;
An inductor coil, the inductor coil comprising a conductive wire disposed within the housing and wound in a plurality of turns around a center point and with increasing radii so that the inductor coil is substantially planar;
A charging circuit unit coupled to the inductor coil and configured to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and wirelessly transmit power;
A control circuit unit coupled to the charging circuit unit and configured to instruct the charging circuit unit to operate the inductor coil to wirelessly receive power and to transmit power wirelessly; And
A device detection coil coupled to the control circuit portion and configured to detect the presence of an external device on the interface surface, the device detection coil being configured to operate at a different frequency than the inductor coil,
The device detection coil is wound around an outer periphery of the inductor coil. The method of claim 18, further comprising an electromagnetic shielding portion disposed between the inductor coil and the interface surface and including a substrate layer and a conductive layer attached to the substrate layer, wherein the electromagnetic shielding portion allows magnetic flux to pass through. A wireless charging system configured to intercept an electric field while allowing it to be present. 19. The wireless charging system of claim 18, wherein the device detection coil is comprised of a wire having a narrower trace width than the conductive wire used to form the inductor coil.

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