KR102153744B1 - Fumigatory composition for controlling stored product insect and agricultural pest comprising carbonyl sulfide as effective component - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention comprises a composition for fumigation control of phosphine-resistant low-going pests or agricultural pests containing carbonyl sulfide as an active ingredient, and the step of fumigation-treating the composition to low-grain crops. It relates to a method for controlling pests or agricultural pests.

Description

Fumigatory composition for controlling stored product insect and agricultural pest comprising carbonyl sulfide as effective component}

The present invention relates to a composition for controlling fumigation of low-going pests or agricultural pests containing carbonyl sulfide as an active ingredient.

Methyl bromide is a universal fumigant that has been used for more than 50 years for quarantine and soil pest control.However, it is highly toxic to humans and the residual bromide when processed in fresh agricultural products makes vegetables soft or inhibits germination of seeds. There is a problem. In addition, according to the Montreal Protocol enacted in 1989, it is designated as an ozone layer-depleting substance, and its use is prohibited worldwide, except for special purposes such as quarantine. Accordingly, phosphine is used to replace methyl bromide, a universal fumigant. Has been mainly used.

Phosphine is the most economical and convenient substance used in quarantine pretreatment among the fumigation pesticides known to date. It has no persistence after treatment, so it has been widely used in flowers such as grain warehouses, chrysanthemums, roses, and white flowers for the control of low-grain pests worldwide. . However, in the case of fruits and vegetables, discoloration symptoms appeared in strawberries and peaches during treatment, and weaknesses such as inducing rapid maturation in persimmons and delaying maturation in bananas have been reported (Soma et al ., (2007) Quality tolerance). of fresh fruits and vegetables to methyl iodide and phosphine fumigation.Research Bulletin of the Plant Protection Service (Japan)) The resistance of low-growth pests to over 45 has been reported (Park et al ., Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2008 Jan;25(1):121-6).

Rhizopertha dominica , which has high resistance to phosphine, was reported in Australia in 1997. Currently, four major low-growth pests, Sitophilus orzyae , Sitophilus orzyae , and Tribolium. castaneum ) and Crptolestes ferrugineus are monitored for sporadic occurrences , mainly in eastern Australia, and are monitored for phosphine-resistant low-grain pests from small sills in production farms to large silos after storage and immediately before export. have. In addition, it has been reported that high and low levels of phosphine resistance are distributed in China's grain warehouses against four major pests: rice weevil, powdery mildew, false rice thief, and brown head.

Phosphine resistance to low-dose pests develops in various forms, and under high-dose (above the standard) dose fumigation conditions, low-dose pests that survived after prolonged exposure may increase resistance to drugs, and low-dose (less than standard) administration fumigation Under conditions, resistant pests survive, and resistant individuals can increase over generations. It is an important method to control phosphine resistance by exposing the appropriate dose and time to the fumigation temperature using a well-closed fumigation facility.It is an important method to control phosphine resistance by determining whether or not phosphine resistance of low-growing pests and measuring the degree of resistance are appropriate. It is reported that control is possible only when time strategy is established.

Carbonyl sulfide is a gas that is naturally generated by soil, wetland, plant roots or branches, fertilizers, compost and microorganisms, and was first registered as a fumigant for stored crops in 1993. . However, there are no cases of registration or use in Korea, and there has been no use of this drug since its first registration.

In Korea, it is necessary to develop a variety of fumigants that can be treated for fresh agricultural products, develop low-grain pest control drugs for grains stored in grain storage after import, and introduce a new control method that applies appropriate control concentration and fumigation time according to the degree of phosphine resistance. .

On the other hand, Korean Patent No. 1277754 discloses'a fumigation agent composition for controlling bee mites and a method of manufacturing a fumigant using the fumigant composition', and Korean Patent No. 1818837 discloses'a composition for controlling low-grain pests including allyl mercaptan. Although'is disclosed, there is no description of a composition for controlling fumigation of low-grain pests or agricultural pests containing carbonyl sulfide of the present invention as an active ingredient.

The present invention was derived from the above requirements, and the present inventors aim to provide a method that can more effectively control pests and expand the range of drug choices than conventional low-grain pest control drugs such as methyl bromide and phosphine. The effect of carbonyl sulfide in controlling fumigation was tested. As a result of fumigating carbonyl sulfide to agricultural pests and phosphine-resistant pests, peach aphids and spotted mites were exposed to 8-20 mg/L of carbonyl sulfide for 4 hours, false rice thief, rice weevil and The present invention was completed by confirming that the adult worms of the caterpillars showed 100% mortality in 24 hours exposure to 40 mg/L of carbonylsulfide.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a composition for controlling fumigation of phosphine-resistant low-going pests or agricultural pests containing carbonyl sulfide as an active ingredient.

In addition, the present invention provides a method for controlling phosphine-resistant low-grain pests or agricultural pests, comprising the step of fumigation treatment of the composition on low-grain crops or fresh agricultural products.

The carbonyl sulfide drug to be used according to the present invention is a drug that is to be used newly, not a drug that has been used previously.The variety of drugs expands the choice of drugs for consumers, and it effectively responds to the control of low-growing pests and agricultural pests, resulting in economic damage. Can reduce. In addition, recently, pests that are resistant to phosphine (tablet), an existing drug, have appeared in domestic low-grain crops, so the newly invented carbonyl sulfide drug can contribute to the control of phosphine-resistant low-grain insects.

1 is a carbonyl sulfide cylinder.
2 is a safety guard (scale).
3 is a view of a special carburetor (small carburetor).

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention provides a composition for controlling fumigation of phosphine-resistant low-going pests or agricultural pests containing carbonyl sulfide as an active ingredient.

Carbonyl sulfide is a colorless, flammable (not as flammable as phosphine) water-soluble gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), and is caused by soil, wetland, plant roots and branches, fertilizers, compost and microorganisms. Occurs naturally.

The properties of carbonyl sulfide, an active ingredient of the present invention, are compared with conventional drugs as shown in Table 1 below.

Comparison of conventional drugs and carbonyl sulfide division Methyl bromide Phosphine Carbonyl sulfide Chemical formula CH ₃ Br PH ₃ COS Molecular Weight 95 34 60.07 Boiling point(℃) 3.6 -87.7 -50 Melting point(℃) -93 -133.5 -138 Vapor pressure (atm/20℃) 1.8 34.2 12.04 Water soluble (/100mg) 1.34g 26ml 0.125g Explosion limit (combustion range) 13.5~14.5% 1.8% or more 12~29% Weak Moderate weakness (vegetable softness) No weakness No weakness Weak treatment period 2-6 hours 12 hours to 7 days 4 to 14 days by temperature Human toxicity Strong Midway weakness TLV-TWA 5ppm 0.3ppm 5ppm

(TLV-TWA: threshold limit value-time weighted average)

In the composition for controlling fumigation according to an embodiment of the present invention, the phosphine-resistant low-going pest may be false rice thief ( Tribolium castaneum ), rice weevil ( Sitophilus oryzae L.) or powdered dog ( Rhizopertha dominica ). , Is not limited thereto.

Jeogok pests are a generic term for a group of pests that harm grains and their primary processed products (flour, veins, etc.) during storage. There are many types of Jeogok insects that occur in Korea, but mainly rice weevil, barley moth, Hwaranggok moth, long head , Saw-breasted head chief, rice thief, false rice thief, and grain bogs. Among them, the taller and higher incidence rate are rice weevil, barley moth, and Hwarang grain moth.

In the composition for controlling fumigation according to an embodiment of the present invention, the agricultural pest may be a peach aphid ( Myzus persicae ) or a spotted mite ( Tetranychus urticae ), but is not limited thereto.

The composition for fumigation control of the present invention may further contain an appropriate amount of additives such as pesticides, antioxidants, decomposition accelerators, and inorganic fillers as needed. The role of the inorganic filler is to support and disperse the pesticidal component, which is an organic compound, so that more effective fumigation can be achieved. The inorganic filler is not particularly limited, and an appropriate one may be selected and used in consideration of economical efficiency and compatibility when mixing with other organic compounds.

The present invention also provides a method for controlling phosphine resistant low grain pests or agricultural pests, comprising the step of fumigation treatment of the control composition on low grain crops or fresh agricultural products.

The fumigation treatment using the control composition of the present invention can be treated by connecting to a vaporizer so that the safety and amount of carbonyl sulfide can be confirmed when using a safety guard (including a scale) and a drug can be sufficiently vaporized, but is not limited thereto.

In addition, the control method of the present invention may be used in combination with a fumigation agent used in the art to increase insecticidal activity against pests to be controlled, in addition to the composition for controlling fumigation of the present invention.

In the control method of the present invention, the treatment capacity of the carbonyl sulfide may be treated by adjusting the treatment time or dose according to the type of the target pest so that the insecticidal effect can be maximized.

In the control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, when the phosphine-resistant low-grain pest is Tribolium castaneum , carbonyl sulfide is treated at a concentration of 35 to 45 mg/L for 16 to 24 hours. When the phosphine-resistant low-grain pest is a rice weevil ( Sitophilus oryzae L.), treatment with carbonyl sulfide at a concentration of 35-45 mg/L for 24 hours or more can result in a high insecticidal effect. And, if the phosphine-resistant low-grain pest is Rhizopertha dominica , a high insecticidal effect can be seen when carbonyl sulfide is treated at a concentration of 35 to 45 mg/L for 6 to 24 hours.

In addition, in the control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, when the agricultural pest is a nymph of the peach aphid ( Myzus persicae ), carbonyl sulfide is treated at a concentration of 9 to 20 mg/L for 3 to 5 hours. If the agricultural pest is a medicinal insect of Tetranychus urticae , treatment with carbonyl sulfide at a concentration of 4 to 9 mg/L for 3 to 5 hours can see a high insecticidal effect. have. In the case where the adult peach aphid is the target pest, it is necessary to treat carbonyl sulfide with a concentration of 35-80 mg/L higher than that of the nymph to obtain excellent insecticidal effect.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by examples. However, the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.

1. Preparation for public disclosure

1) To maintain humidity in breeding dish (Φ 5.5 cm × 1.5 cm, SPL, Korea), spread cotton wool and filter paper, and then moisten it with distilled water.

2) Cut and serve Eulgali cabbage according to the size of the breeding dish.

3) Inoculate 30 individuals of peach aphid, spotted mite, false rice thief, rice weevil and nymphs or adult insects in the plant quarantine technology development center in the prepared breeding dish.

2. Preparation and administration of carbonyl sulfide dosing

1) Put the breeding dish inoculated with the test worms prepared above into a fumigation (12 L of desiccator (Duran, Germany)).

2) Remove the gas from the fumigant as much as the gas volume of the drug to be treated.

3) The gaseous carbonyl sulfide is administered to a closed small fumigation chamber.

4) Treated at 20°C for 4 hours.

5) After treatment, open the fumigation.

3. Drug efficacy investigation

After carbonyl sulfide treatment, 1 day after fumigation opening, the mortality rate of nymphs or adults is investigated.

Example 1. Effect of controlling carbonyl sulfide on agricultural pests and low grain pests

After fumigation treatment with carbonyl sulfide on peach aphids and spotted mites, which are representative agricultural pests, the mortality rate was confirmed. The treatment temperature was 20°C, the total treatment time was 4 hours, and the carbonyl sulfide treatment dose was variously treated at 1 to 80 mg/L. As a result, the worms of the peach aphid showed a mortality rate of 97% or more from the condition of 9.97 mg/L carbonyl sulfide fumigation, and the adult worms of the peach aphid were 30% when treated with 19.94 mg/L of carbonyl sulfide fumigation. It was confirmed that the mortality rate was 81% when treated with about 40 mg/L of carbonyl sulfide fumigation. In addition, the worms of the spotted mite showed a mortality rate of 98.8% when fumigation of 5.93 mg/L of carbonyl sulfide was found, and it was found that they could be effectively controlled by a lower dose of carbonyl sulfide compared to the nymphs of the peach aphid. (Table 2).

Evaluation of the efficacy of 2 agricultural pests by treatment with carbonyl sulfide (COS) Treatment (20±1℃) Mortality rate (%) Fumigant Dose (mg/L) Processing period
(time) Peach aphid Spotted mite Nymph imago Nymph Control - - 1.1±1.11 - 7.74±4.46 COS 1.90 4 - - - COS 2.02 4 - - 23.64±3.50 COS 4.03 4 4.3±4.30 - 85.17±6.44 COS 5.93 4 9.7±4.90 - 98.81±1.19 COS 8.07 4 - - 100.0±0.00 COS 9.97 4 97.6±2.38 5.6±1.11 - COS 19.94 4 100.0±0.00 30.8±9.94 - COS 39.87 4 100.0±0.00 81.3±3.17 - COS 60.05 4 - 90.0±5.77 - COS 79.98 4 - 95.8±2.74 -

-: Do not perform.

In addition, the insecticidal effect of carbonyl sulfide was analyzed on the false rice thief, rice weevil, and birch beetle showing resistance to phosphine drugs. The treatment temperature was 20° C. and the treatment dose of carbonyl sulfide was 40 mg/L, and the total treatment time was varied. As a result, as shown in Table 3 below, under the condition of treating carbonyl sulfide for 16 hours, the false rice thief, rice weevil, and birch beetle showed mortality rates of 99%, 69% and 96%, respectively, Under the condition of treatment with carbonyl sulfide for 24 hours, the mortality rate was 100% in all three kinds of low-growth pests.

Effect of carbonyl sulfide treatment on three types of phosphine resistant low-going pests Treatment (20±1℃) Mortality rate (%) Fumigant Dose (mg/L) Processing period
(time) False Rice Thief (R) Rice weevil (R) Black Beetle (R) imago imago imago Control - - - 2.2±1.11 COS 40.00 One - - 77.8±2.22 COS 40.00 4 10.0±1.92 10.0±1.92 83.3±1.92 COS 40.00 6 36.7±3.85 13.3±1.92 93.3±3.33 COS 40.00 16 98.9±1.11 68.9±2.22 95.6±1.11 COS 40.00 24 100.0±0.00 100.0±0.00 100.0±0.00 COS 40.00 48 100.0±0.00 100.0±0.00 100.0±0.00

Through the above results, it was confirmed that the carbonyl sulfide of the present invention can be used as an effective fumigation control agent against various agricultural pests and/or low grain pests.

Claims (4)

A composition for controlling fumigation of peach aphid ( Myzus persicae ) or spotted mite ( Tetranychus urticae ) containing carbonyl sulfide as an active ingredient. delete delete A method for controlling a peach aphid ( Myzus persicae ) or spotted mite ( Tetranychus urticae ), comprising the step of fumigation treatment of the composition for fumigation of claim 1 on fresh agricultural products.

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