KR101976401B1 - Block-Chain based Electricity power trading system, Method thereof, and Computer readable Storage medium having the method - Google Patents

Block-Chain based Electricity power trading system, Method thereof, and Computer readable Storage medium having the method Download PDF

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KR101976401B1
KR101976401B1 KR1020170104289A KR20170104289A KR101976401B1 KR 101976401 B1 KR101976401 B1 KR 101976401B1 KR 1020170104289 A KR1020170104289 A KR 1020170104289A KR 20170104289 A KR20170104289 A KR 20170104289A KR 101976401 B1 KR101976401 B1 KR 101976401B1
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박중성
권성철
김동주
신창훈
윤지훈
이종욱
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한국전력공사
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Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power trading operating technology, and more particularly, to a block chain-based power trading operating system capable of directly trading electricity to a power company or a consumer in real time through a power trading environment based on block- Lt; / RTI >
According to the present invention, a small-scale distributed power source company based on a conventional renewable power generation source is not a transaction device for simply selling energy to a power company or a power wholesale market, but a small-scale renewable power generation company, Automated operation suitable for transactions is possible.

Description

Technical Field The present invention relates to a block-chain-based power trading system, a method thereof, and a computer-readable storage medium storing the method.

The present invention relates to a power trading operating technology, and more particularly, to a block chain-based power trading operating system capable of directly trading electricity to a power company or a consumer in real time through a power trading environment based on block chain technology and a method thereof It is about.

Electricity is produced by a large power plant, and it is delivered to each customer (customer) along a transmission and distribution line. The purchase and sale of such electricity is classified into three types as follows.

First, under the strong control of the government or government utility (utility), it is a form of simple billing through the quantification of each customer's electricity usage. It is a form that does not have a market for electricity, which is generally done in the underdeveloped countries.

Second, there is a wholesale market for buying and selling electricity like Korea, but it is still a form of government and period.

Finally, governments and institutions such as North America and some European countries are in the form of markets that have only a strong oversight for stable operation of the power system, which is the national backbone, and that the trading of electrical goods operates on the principles of pure market principles.

However, small distributed power sources, including renewable power sources, have made a big difference in the power industry. These distributed power sources no longer necessitate a new market environment, rather than a wholesale market problem or form problem. Distributed power supplies are connected to transmission lines depending on their capacity, but unlike large power plants so far, they are connected to distribution lines and are changing the form of industry with demand and power plants.

With these changes, a major change has begun in the electric power industry, which has suffered from loss of transmission and difficulty in operation due to transmission only from large power plants far away from the city of electricity demand.

Smart Grid technology plays an important role in increasing the efficiency of grid operation by conveying information and conveying various information between various distributed resources and consumers. However, since the Smart Grid technology focuses on the operation of the physical power grid, there is a lack of real-time settlement and billing for electricity transactions, and there is still a problem of building a financial system separately have.

Accordingly, there is a need for a device and a method of operating a device that receives user's judgment and executes it by itself so that the electric power can be automatically traded in accordance with a real-time power market environment and conditions on behalf of a person. In addition, such automated electricity trading will have to be transparent and reliable financial transactions. In other words, there is a need for an automation-based power trading device and operating technology for electric goods transactions between small-scale distributed resources and consumers.

1. Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1075958 (Registered on October 17, 2011) 2. Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1035398 (Registered on May 11, 2011) 3. Japanese Patent No. 4261409 (registered on Feb. 20, 2009)

It is an object of the present invention to provide a block chain-based power trading operating system and its control method capable of directly trading electricity to a power company or a consumer in real time through a power trading environment based on block chain technology according to the above background art .

In addition, the present invention provides a block chain-based power trading operating system and a control method thereof that can execute a self-judgment by inputting a judgment of a user so that a power can be automatically traded according to a real-time power market environment and / or condition on behalf of a person There is another purpose.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an automation-based power trading operating system and a control method thereof for an electric goods transaction between a small-scale distributed resource and a consumer.

The present invention provides a block chain-based power trading operating system capable of directly trading electricity to a power company or a consumer in real time through a power trading environment based on block chain technology.

Wherein the block chain-based power trading operating system comprises:

Power network;

A plurality of user devices for receiving power from the power grid;

A plurality of prosumer devices for selling and supplying power to the power grid;

A power system operation server for operating a power system of the power network; And

Receiving power purchase requests from a plurality of user devices connected to the network, receiving power purchase requests from a plurality of prosumer devices connected to the network, and transmitting the power purchase requests and the power sale requests to a preset power transaction Based on a block chain-based energy trading platform that enables a distributed digital ledger to perform smart contracts, generate and distribute distributed digital ledgers, and issue a request according to the distributed digital ledgers to the power system operating server And an energy trading server for managing the energy trading server.

At this time, the plurality of user equipments include a first power trading apparatus which receives a power purchase request for power trading and receives power; A first communicator for transmitting and receiving power transaction data including a power purchase request; And a first smart meter for connecting the purchased power to the power network and calculating the amount of power supplied thereto.

The plurality of prosumer devices may further include: a second power trading device for transmitting a power sale request for power trading to supply power; A second communicator for transmitting and receiving power transaction data including a power sale request; And a second smart meter for connecting the purchased power to the power grid and supplying the calculated power to the power grid.

The plurality of user equipments or the plurality of prosumer devices may further include a terminal capable of inputting conditions for power trading.

In addition, the matching may be performed by a power capacity calculated through Mixed Integer Programming considering a preset physical capacity constraint of the power network.

In addition, the energy trading server may provide a result of the matchable trade that is adjusted by the power plan calculation formula if the physical capacity constraint is violated,

Figure 112017079475251-pat00001
(Where, x i (t) is a power purchase volume, c i (t) is the time t i power purchase price from the merchant from the i seller of t time from the mother ship s, p (t) is the power from the utility And e (t) is the power purchase price of the power company at time t).

In addition, the power network may be an intelligent power network.

In addition, the matching may be a matching of a transaction amount and a price set through electricity sales and purchase matching by time slot.

In addition, the plurality of user devices may transmit the cost of the purchase to the energy transaction server in electronic money according to the distributed digital ledger.

In addition, the block chain-based energy trading platform may perform encryption for authentication using an encryption algorithm.

Also, the network may be a Peer to Peer (P2P) network.

On the other hand, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method of operating a power supply system, comprising the steps of: (a) making a power purchase request for a plurality of user devices to receive power from a power grid; (b) a plurality of prosumer devices making a power sale request to supply power to the power grid; (c) receiving energy purchase requests from the plurality of user devices that are networked and receiving power sale requests from the plurality of prosumer devices connected to the network; (d) the energy transaction server performs smart contracts through a block-chain-based energy trading platform that enables the distributed digital ledgers by matching the power purchase requests and the power sale requests according to preset power transactions, Creating and distributing distributed digital ledgers; (e) performing a request according to the distributed digital ledgers to the power system operating server in which the energy transaction server operates the power system of the power network; And (f) supplying power to the corresponding prosumer device among the plurality of prosumer devices, and receiving power from the corresponding user device among the plurality of user devices. .

In this case, the step (a) or the step (b) may include inputting a condition for power trading through the terminal.

In the step (f), the plurality of user devices transmit the cost of the purchasing according to the distributed digital ledger to the energy transaction server by electronic money.

On the other hand, another embodiment of the present invention can provide a computer-readable storage medium storing program code for executing the block chain-based power trading method described above.

According to the present invention, a small-scale distributed power source company based on a conventional renewable power generation source is not a transaction device for simply selling energy to a power company or a power wholesale market, but a small-scale renewable power generation company, Automated operation suitable for transactions is possible.

Further, as another effect of the present invention, the expansion of a number of new and renewable power generation companies can greatly contribute to the expansion of the nation's eco-friendly energy resources, and the demand and / or supply through block chains and / or IoT (Internet Of Things) (Eg, load leveling and peak shifts) and / or increased energy self-sufficiency in the region by increasing the resilience of retail electricity energy trading between sellers and buyers.

In addition, as another effect of the present invention, the electric power company provides the direct electricity customers of the electric energy with services such as the range allowed by the physical power network, the transaction quantity and time matching service within the range, prediction of new and renewable power generation, It is possible to expand the new relay business with the existing classical electricity supply business.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a smart grid operating environment based on a general ICT (Information and Communications Technologies).
2 is a conceptual diagram of a typical Smart Grid operating platform and a retail trading platform.
3 is a block diagram of a block chain-based power trading operating system 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a detailed configuration diagram of the user apparatus and the prosumer apparatus shown in FIG.
5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a hierarchical structure of the block chain-based power trading operation system shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a simplified configuration block diagram of the energy transaction server shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an energy transaction by a block chain-based energy trading platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an energy transaction process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Like reference numerals are used for similar elements in describing each drawing. The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component. The term " and / or " includes any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant art and are to be construed as ideal or overly formal in meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application Should not.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A block-chain-based power trading system according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

An embodiment of the present invention is a system for supplying electric energy or an active demand response (DR) through a distributed power source company including a small-scale renewable generator and an energy storage device (for example, battery) Can realize a system that enables direct trading of electricity to electric power companies or consumers in real time through a power trading environment based on technology of block chain where transaction details are transparent and reliable.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a smart grid operating environment based on a general ICT (Information and Communications Technologies). 1, an ICT-based Smart Grid operating environment includes a power transmission system 10 for power transmission, a power distribution system 130 for power distribution, an intelligent power network optimized for energy efficiency by combining information technology with the existing power grid A micro grid 120, an individual power user 110, and the like.

The microgrid 120 includes a building energy management system (BEMS), a community energy management system (CEMS), an energy service company (ESCO), and a factory energy management system (FEMS).

The individual power user 110 generates and supplies power to the microgrid 120, or receives power from the microgrid 120. Here, HEMS represents Home Energy Management System.

2 is a conceptual diagram of a typical Smart Grid operating platform and a retail trading platform. Referring to FIG. 2, the Smart Grid operating platform comprises an application set 210, and the retail trading platform 220 comprises processes such as contracting, settlement and billing.

3 is a block diagram of a block chain-based power trading operating system 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, the power trading operating system 300 includes a power network 310 for performing power generation and / or power distribution, a power system operating server 350 for operating a power system of the power network, A user device 340 connected to the energy transaction server 330 and the first network 301 to perform a power purchase request, an energy transaction server 330 and a second network 302 A prosumer device 320 connected to perform a power sale request, and the like.

The power grid 310 comprises an existing grid, an intelligent grid (i.e., a smart grid), and the like. The intelligent power grid is a system in which an electric company supplies communication to an existing power grid that supplies electricity unilaterally to each household so that electric companies and consumers can exchange information in real time and optimize the production and consumption of electricity.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the prosumer device 320 as the seller and the user device 340 as the consumer are in the same (pillar) transformer during the power transaction, they are not subjected to any physical restriction from the power company, In the case of transactions using the company's power grid, it is basically characterized by receiving a license from a power company that owns the power grid after reviewing whether there is a physical problem in the operation of the power grid at the time of the transaction.

The first network 301 and the second network 302 are shown separately for the sake of understanding and may be one block chain network. Also, the first network 301 and the second network 302 are peer to peer (P2P) networks.

For this P2P network, the first network 301 and / or the second network 302 may be a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Public Switched Data Network (PSDN), Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN) (BISDN), a local area network (LAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WLAN), and the like. However, The present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to various wireless communication systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Wireless Broadband (WiBro), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) bluetooth). Or a combination of these wired communication networks and wireless communication networks.

The user device 340 corresponds to the buyer side connected to the power network 310 to purchase electric power. To this end, the user device 340 connects to the energy transaction server 330 through the first network 301 to perform a power purchase request. Of course, in FIG. 1, only one user device 340 is shown for the sake of understanding, but a plurality of user devices are configured.

Further, the prosumer device 320 corresponds to a seller side that connects to the power network 310 and sells electric power. To this end, the prosumer device 320 connects to the energy transaction server 330 through the second network 302 to perform a power sale request. Of course, in FIG. 1, only one prosumer device 320 is shown for the sake of understanding, but a plurality of user devices are configured.

The energy trading server 330 receives power purchase requests from a plurality of user devices 340 connected to the first network 301 and receives power purchase requests from a plurality of prosumer devices 320 connected to the second network 302 Contracts are made through block chain technology based on the power purchase requests and the power sale requests to enable a distributed digital ledger in a distributed form, and the distributed digital ledgers are generated and distributed, And requests the power system operation server to perform a request according to the ledgers.

4 is a detailed configuration diagram of the user apparatus and the prosumer apparatus shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 4, the user device 340 and / or the prosumer device 320 includes a power transaction device 410 for requesting an energy transaction server 330 to perform power trading, And a smart meter 440 connected to the power network 310 to calculate the amount of electric power generated by the power transaction, and the like. .

The power trading device 410 is installed in a general home, a public house, a school, a building of a building, an electric vehicle, an electric power company, and the like.

The communicator 430 is connected to the energy trading server 330 via wired / wireless communication via the first and second networks 301 and 302.

The terminal 420 may include various terminals for inputting and outputting various information through a communication network. For example, the terminal 420 may be a personal computer (PC), a smart terminal, a PDA (Parental Digital Assistant), a laptop computer, display terminal, and the like.

The smart meter 440 may be coupled to an Internet of Things (IOT) device.

Of course, the prosumer device 320 and the user device 340 may be configured similar to each other, but one side may be a power seller and the other side may be a power buyer, so that the components may be modified and / or modified accordingly.

In addition, the user device 340 receives the electric power purchase request from the energy transaction server 330 and receives electric power, and can input the electric power purchase condition according to the electric power purchase request. Lt; / RTI >

Similarly, the prosumer device 320 can also supply a power sales request to the energy transaction server 330 to supply power, input conditions for power sales, and generate data according to the power sales request.

5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a hierarchical structure of the block chain-based power trading operation system shown in FIG. 5, the energy transaction server 330 includes an equipment API (Application Program Interface) module 520 connected to the IoT equipment 510 of the user equipment 340, A block chain-based energy trading platform 540 connected to the device 340, a power trading operation module 550 for performing power trading using the block chain-based energy trading platform 540, and the like.

The block chain-based energy trading platform 540 includes a database 531, a power transaction API (Application Program Interface) module 532, an interface module 533, an application function module 534, a management module 535, Module 537, a port listening module 538, a node OS (Operating System) 330, and the like.

The database 531 includes data for block chain-based power trading operations, personal information of the user, personal information of the prosumer, identification information of the user device 340, identification information of the prosumer device 320, and the like. The database 531 may be provided in the energy transaction server 330 or may be a separate database server.

The power trading API module 532 implements power trading, measurement data I / F (InterFace), encryption processing, data inquiry, and node status.

The interface module 533 implements IPC (Instruction Per Clock, instruction processing capability per operation speed), WEB3.js, and the like. That is, a web page or the like is provided to a user, a prosumer, an administrator, and the like.

Application function module 534 implements cryptography, smart contract, mining, and the like. The password can be a bitcoin, an altcoin, a litecoin, or the like. Smart contracts operate on block chains.

The management module 535 implements peer-to-peer protocol management, an agreement manager, an encryption algorithm, and an account manager.

The virtual machine module 537 can create a smart contract only in a language available in the special virtual machine EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine).

The port listening module 536 executes a query on the ports to check the status of the ports.

A node operating system (OS) 536 is an operating system that implements a block chain based energy trading platform.

5, the power trading operation module 550 monitors the power information of the power network 310 using the block chain-based energy trading platform 540, manages the measurement information on the power information, . It also performs authentication, customer information, and overall system management.

Accordingly, the power trading operation module 550 enables all the power trading participants on the block-chain network to automatically trade power according to the power trading conditions set in its power trading apparatus 410 (FIG. 4).

The user 530 as a power purchaser may be a building 541, a utility 542, an electric car user 543, a home 544, a manager 545, a smart terminal app user 546, and the like. Therefore, the user can input the desired power trading condition to the power trading apparatus 340 through the user terminal 420 (FIG. 4). Of course, without using such a user terminal, a home or a multi-family house can be accessed via a user smart meter 440, a school building, a public institution, etc. can be accessed through a building management system (BEMS) You can enter the terms of the electricity trading. Of course, an application program can be installed in a smart terminal to remotely input power trading conditions.

Similarly, it can be modified and applied to a prosumer, a power seller.

The Internet of Things (IOT) equipment 510 has a function of sensing the power information of the systems 511, 512 and 513 provided on the user device 340 side and transmitting the sensed power information to the energy transaction server 330 . The system includes, for example, a building energy management system 511, a power transmission system 512, an electric vehicle charging infrastructure 513, and the like.

The power information includes load amount, SOC (State Of Charge), power generation amount, power amount, consumption amount, and the like.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a simplified configuration block diagram of the energy transaction server shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5. FIG. Referring to FIG. 6, the energy trading server 330 can be divided into three functional layers. That is, a connection providing module 623 for providing a connection with an external device on an operating system (OS), a transaction for operating on a block chain-based energy trading platform (540 in FIG. 5) An environment providing module 622, and a service providing module 621 for providing various service functions.

The connection providing module 623 is a function for an interface between the block chain-based energy trading platform 540 and the power trading device 410 (FIG. 4), a block chain-based smart contract, and mining .

The connection environment provision module 622 stores data acquired from the connected devices, operates transaction conditions on the block chain-based energy trading platform 540, and provides an access environment to the user.

The service providing module 621 provides a variety of service functions to the participants of the power trading.

The service functions that can be provided to the participants of the electricity trading are the optimal matching service (A) considering all participating distributed resources and consumers, the compensation service (B) for the power reserve proposal, which can help the stable operation of the power system, , Virtual Power Plant (VPP) operation service (C) as a service that collects various distributed resources and acts as a power sales agent for wholesale market.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an energy transaction by a block chain-based energy trading platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 7, an input block 710 according to a block chain-based energy trading platform (540 of FIG. 5) first receives a condition entered by a subject purchasing power for power purchase in a power trading device (410 of FIG. 4) (1).

The request block 720 receives a power request on the block chain-based energy trading platform 540 when the power purchaser approves the input conditions, wherein the power buyer can request the power seller's terms of sale or power company (2), as shown in Equation (1). ≪ EMI ID = 1.0 >

Figure 112017079475251-pat00002

X i (t) is the power purchase amount from the i-th seller at time t, c i (t) is the power purchase from the i-seller at time t, (T) is the power purchase price of the utilities at time t, d (t) is the power purchase price at time t, t (t) This is a predicted load pattern, which is a predicted power load pattern based on past periodic data or current weather information.

In other words, it is possible to set the electricity sales price of the electricity seller or electric power company by the time before the transaction or several hours before the transaction, and set the cost of the electric power purchase by the time slot and the upper limit of the purchase intention amount in the formula 1, will be. If the market participant is able to sell electricity as a subject having distributed resources or can reduce consumption for the demand response of the electric power market, the electric power purchase condition can be expressed as shown in Equation 2 below.

Figure 112017079475251-pat00003

Here, x i (t) is a power purchase volume, c i from a time t i-seller (t) is the power purchase price from the time t of the i seller, p (t) is a power purchases from the power company, e ( (t) is the power purchase price of the power company at time t, y (t) is the power generation through self-distributed power source (including energy storage) at time t, s (t) (T) is the amount of electricity required to reduce to the demand response, and r (t) is the compensation cost for the demand response.

Unlike Equation (1), if there is an infrastructure for charging an electric car of its own infrastructure, and the electric power can be sold or purchased through a plurality of electric vehicles, there may be an electric vehicle among the sellers of x i (t). Overall, in the case of electricity trading between prosumer-users (ie consumers) with self-dispersed power sources, it will not be possible to trade electricity in wholesale markets with government subsidies, and at the same time, transactions in the demand response market are impossible. In the same vein, it would be impossible to trade in the retail market and the demand reaction market if the electricity trading in the wholesale market is performed. In the case of the demand reaction market, the retail transaction and the wholesale trade will not be possible.

Figure 112017079475251-pat00004

Here, u (t), v (t) and w (t) are binary functions (0 or 1) representing the behavior of retail transactions, wholesale transactions and demand responses, The other behavior is zero.

The electric power seller on the block chain-based energy trading platform 540 can be an electric vehicle in addition to the form having the direct distributed resource itself as shown in Equation (2). The intention of a company having direct distributed resources among those who want to sell electric power is the same as in Equation 2 and its conditional expression. This is because minimizing one's own cost due to the pairwise nature of the optimization function is the same as maximizing one's own profit.

In the case of an electric car, it is a position to purchase electricity by connecting to a charging facility. However, when the car is parked for a long time in the parking lot and connected to the charging facility, the user sets the final charge amount of the battery, have. The setting of the intention to sell electric power can be set through an application program (for example, an app, etc.) of a remote terminal device such as an electric vehicle charging facility or a smart terminal, and can be expressed as shown in Equation (4).

Figure 112017079475251-pat00005

Here, x i (t) is a power purchase volume, c i from a time t i-seller (t) is the power purchase price from the time t of the i seller, p (t) is a power purchases from the power company, e ( (t) is the power purchase price of the utility at time t, ev (t) is the sales power through the self-battery at time t, and disc (t) is the power sale price at time t. However, since the electric car must have a certain amount of remaining capacity of the battery after the final charge, the following conditional expression is included.

Figure 112017079475251-pat00006

In the case of the battery, the charge remaining amount SOC of the battery can be expressed by the efficiency eff for the charge and discharge, and the discharge amount of the battery j with respect to the time t is ev j (t). However, since the SOC is the cumulative energy amount from the past charge and discharge, the input / output power eff (x i (t ) + p (t) -ev i (t).

Also, since the charge / discharge output of the battery should be within the physical capacity of the battery, it is important to limit the upper limit and the lower limit in an appropriate range in consideration of the life of the battery as follows.

Figure 112017079475251-pat00007

In other words, it can be a limit range for the battery life of a maker of an electric car, and a SOC range of a battery energy to be sold for a vehicle owner.

Continuing with reference to FIG. 7, the power sales block 730 sells the power according to the power trading conditions as described above (3).

At the contract acceptance block 740, the power transactions on the real-time block-chain-based energy trading platform 540

The contract approval and approval is performed through the result of the power system operation server (350 in FIG. 3) which judges whether there is no physical problem in the operation of the power system (4).

At this time, the described optimum matching service (A), compensation service (B), and virtual power plant operation service (C) may be provided.

In the case of the optimal transaction combination service (A), the energy transaction server 330 receives the power amount of the distributed resources and the consumer demand amount information of the corresponding power trading time zone before the predetermined time of the power trading, It is a service that provides information to participants so that there is no problem in system operation. It can be expressed by the following equation.

Figure 112017079475251-pat00008

Here, x i (t) is the power purchase price from the seller of the time t at the bus s, c i (t) is the power purchase price from the i seller at time t, p (t) , and e (t) is the power purchase price of the utility at time t. Here, the conditional formula for matching the demand of the consumer is as follows.

Figure 112017079475251-pat00009

Here, D i (t) is the demand of k consumers at time t, which means the supply and demand balance of distributed generation of resources and load at each time t. In addition, the conditional expression for securing the stable operation of the power system uses the electric power algebraic expression used in the electric engineering, and the calculation result can be called from the electric power algae calculation function in the power system operation server 350 of the utility company .

In Equation (7), the distributed resources are the same as the generators in each located bus, and the power purchase amount from the power company can be considered as the power supplied through the transmission / distribution line, and the expression is as follows.

Figure 112017079475251-pat00010

Here, PF sr is the amount of power purchased from the power company supplied through the transmission / distribution line, and the calculation formula of the power flow, which is the power flow of the physical transmission / distribution line, is as follows.

Figure 112017079475251-pat00011

Where PF sr and QF sr are the active power and reactive power tidal currents in buses with distributed resources and demand resources (load) and the transmission and distribution lines connected thereto, and V s and V r are the points Δ s and δ s are the phases of each bus voltage. The concept of a bus in a distribution system can be seen as a transformer in which distributed resources are connected to a substation where each distribution line branches. G l , B l , and B c are the conductance, susceptance, and capacitance of the line, respectively. In addition, the physical capacity constraints of the distribution line (ie, power grid 310) between the transformer buses where each distributed resource and demand resource are connected in the substation bus line are as follows.

Figure 112017079475251-pat00012

Here, TP and TQ l l is the effective power capacity and reactive power capacity that can be sent on each transmission and distribution line. The solution result of Equation (7) is derived by the seller, the sales amount, the buyer, and the purchase amount for the power trade on the block chain, and therefore performs the operation by Mixed Integer Programming.

The compensation service (B) for the power generation reserve proposal, which can help the stable operation of the power system, can also be called as a result of calculating the power system operation reserve reserve and the sensitivity calculation in the power system operation server 350 of the power company. In addition, the required amount of active power and the cost of the supply duration can be determined and presented to the customer who is a retail trade participant.

Finally, in the case of a virtual power plant (VPP) operation service (C) that collects a variety of distributed resources and acts as an electricity sales agent for a wholesale market, it establishes direct deal contracts with various distributed resource owners, It is a form of dividing the profit obtained by bidding on the electric power market.

The payment block 750 pays when the power is supplied according to the contract approval at the contract acceptance block 740 and the power supply is confirmed (⑤⑥⑦).

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an energy transaction process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 8, the power sales request data and / or the power purchase request data acquired through the power trading apparatus 410 are input to the block chain-based energy trading platform 540 provided in the energy trading server 330 Step S810).

Then, the inputted power sale request data and / or the power purchase request data are stored in the operation database (531 in FIG. 5) of the energy transaction server 330 and the block chain agreement process is performed in the block chain-based energy trading platform 540 (Step S820). In step S820, a matching between the seller and the buyer's transaction amount and the price set is generated through the electricity sales and purchase matching algorithm.

Thereafter, the block-chain-based energy trading platform 540 of the energy trading server 330 computes a power generation amount and / or load prediction for a future power trading time, and calculates a power generation amount and / (Step S830, S840, S850) whether there is a physical capacity constraint in the system analysis model.

In step S850, if the result of the examination is that the physical capacity constraint of the power network 310 is not violated, the smart contracting and distributed digital ledger is generated through the smart contract of the block-chain energy trading platform 540 (step S860).

If the transaction is confirmed according to the contract contents, the electronic money issuance and the transaction price are transmitted to the energy transaction server 330 (block-chain electronic money issuance and transaction fee) (Steps S870 and S880). Of course, sellers and buyers participating in electricity trading pay commissions when the power company uses the power grid, and commissions can be electronic money generated as a result of smart contracts.

If it is determined in step S870 that the transaction is not confirmed according to the contract, the settlement based on the promised power trading agreement placebos condition is executed (step S871). Even in this case, electronic money can be used.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S850 that the physical capacity constraint of the power network 310 is violated, the matching result of the reconciliable set of transactions is announced to the seller and the buyer through the power supply plan calculation formula in consideration of the physical capacity constraint And receives the power sale and purchase intention again (steps S851 and S852). Here, the power plan calculation formula is the result of Equation (7).

If there is a physical capacity constraint violation of the power sale and purchase set, steps S810 to S850 are repeated until the violation of the physical capacity constraint is eliminated.

In addition, when a power transaction request is forwarded to the block chain-based energy platform 540, the smart transaction function of the block chain performs a primary trade matching, and if the transaction is a possible transaction due to physical capacity constraints, the power system operation server 350 ).

The term " module " or the like in the description refers to a unit for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

(DSP), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a processor, a controller, a microprocessor, and the like, which are designed to perform the above- , Other electronic units, or a combination thereof. In software implementation, it may be implemented as a module that performs the above-described functions. The software may be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor. The memory unit or processor may employ various means well known to those skilled in the art.

Also, the block chain-based power trading operation according to the present invention may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination.

The program instructions (code) recorded on the medium may be those specially designed and constructed for the present invention, or may be available to those skilled in the computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; magnetic media such as floppy disks; Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like.

Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

300: Block Chain Based Power Trading Operation System
301: first network 302: second network
310: Power grid
320: Prosumer device
330: Energy trading server
340: User device
350: Power system operation server

Claims (20)

Power network;
A plurality of user devices for receiving power from the power grid;
A plurality of prosumer devices for selling and supplying power to the power grid;
A power system operation server for operating a power system of the power network; And
Receiving power purchase requests from a plurality of user devices connected to the network, receiving power purchase requests from a plurality of prosumer devices connected to the network, and transmitting the power purchase requests and the power sale requests to a preset power transaction Based on a block chain-based energy trading platform that enables a distributed digital ledger to perform smart contracts, generate and distribute distributed digital ledgers, and issue a request according to the distributed digital ledgers to the power system operating server An energy trading server,
The matching is performed by a power capacity calculated through Mixed Integer Programming considering a preset physical capacity constraint of the power network,
Wherein the energy trading server provides a tradeable matching result adjusted by a power plan calculation formula if the physical capacity constraint is violated,
Figure 112018125879162-pat00023
(Where, x i (t) is a power purchase volume, c i (t) is the time t i power purchase price from the merchant from the i seller of t time from the mother ship s, p (t) is the power from the utility And e (t) is a power purchase price of the power company at time t).
The method according to claim 1,
The plurality of user equipments include: a first power trading apparatus for receiving a power purchase request for power trading and receiving power; A first communicator for transmitting and receiving power transaction data including a power purchase request; And a first smart meter for connecting the purchased power to the power grid and calculating the amount of power supplied thereto.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the plurality of prosumer devices include: a second power trading device for transmitting a power sale request for power trading to supply power; A second communicator for transmitting and receiving power transaction data including a power sale request; And a second smart meter for connecting and supplying the purchased power to the power network and calculating a power amount.
The method according to claim 2 or 3,
Wherein the plurality of user devices or the plurality of the prosumer devices further comprises a terminal capable of inputting a condition for a power transaction.
delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the power network is an intelligent power network.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the matching is a matching of a transaction amount and a price set through a power sale and purchase matching by time slot. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the plurality of user devices transfer the cost of the purchase according to the distributed digital ledger to the energy transaction server in electronic money.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the block chain-based energy trading platform performs encryption for authentication using an encryption algorithm.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the network is a Peer to Peer (P2P) network.
(a) making a plurality of user devices request a power purchase to receive power from a power grid;
(b) a plurality of prosumer devices making a power sale request to supply power to the power grid;
(c) receiving energy purchase requests from the plurality of user devices that are networked and receiving power sale requests from the plurality of prosumer devices connected to the network;
(d) the energy transaction server performs smart contracts through a block-chain-based energy trading platform that enables the distributed digital ledgers by matching the power purchase requests and the power sale requests according to preset power transactions, Creating and distributing distributed digital ledgers;
(e) performing a request according to the distributed digital ledgers to the power system operating server in which the energy transaction server operates the power system of the power network; And
(f) a corresponding one of the plurality of prosumer devices supplies power, and the corresponding user device receives power from the plurality of user devices,
The matching is performed by a power capacity calculated through Mixed Integer Programming considering a preset physical capacity constraint of the power network,
Wherein the energy trading server provides a tradeable matching result adjusted by a power plan calculation formula if the physical capacity constraint is violated,
Figure 112018125879162-pat00024
(Where, x i (t) is a power purchase volume, c i (t) is the time t i power purchase price from the merchant from the i seller of t time from the mother ship s, p (t) is the power from the utility And e (t) is a power purchase price of the power company at time t).
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the step (a) or the step (b) comprises: inputting a condition for a power transaction through a terminal.
delete delete 13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the power network is an intelligent power network.
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the matching is a matching of a transaction amount and a price set through power sale and purchase matching by time slot.
13. The method of claim 12,
And the step (f) includes the step of transferring the cost of the purchasing to the energy transaction server in electronic money according to the distributed digital ledger by the plurality of user devices. Way.
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the block chain-based energy trading platform performs encryption for authentication using an encryption algorithm.
A computer-readable storage medium storing program code for executing a block chain-based power trading method according to any one of claims 12, 13, and 16 to 19.
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