KR101974961B1 - 3D image display device and driving method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal panel having an optical axis in a first direction, a liquid crystal panel having a first polarizer plate having a transmission axis coinciding with the optical axis on the outer surface of the liquid crystal panel, and a second polarizer plate having a transmission axis perpendicular to the optical axis, A display device; And a plurality of lenticular lenses are arranged on the outer surface of the first polarizing plate and the anisotropic material is arranged in the first direction identical to the optical axis of the liquid crystal panel. Lt; / RTI >

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional image display device,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a 3D image display device, and more particularly, to a spectacle-free 3D image display device having a lens film, in which the direction of anisotropic material is aligned with the optical axis of a liquid crystal panel.

2. Description of the Related Art [0002] In recent years, a display device capable of three-dimensional image display has been commercialized in response to an increase in demand for a display device capable of realizing a stereoscopic image and realizing a three-dimensional image.

Generally, three-dimensional images are made by the principle of stereoscopic vision through two eyes. By using binocular disparity, which is caused by the difference in time between two eyes, ie, the distance between two eyes is about 65 mm, A display device capable of displaying an image having a certain size has been proposed.

To describe the 3D image in a more detailed manner, the left and right eyes facing the display device respectively see different two-dimensional images. When these two images are transmitted to the brain through the retina, the brain fuses them exactly to each other, Dimensional depth of the 3D image and the sense of reality of the 3D image. Such a phenomenon is generally referred to as stereography.

As a technique proposed for displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image in an apparatus having a two-dimensional image display screen such as a liquid crystal display apparatus, there are a stereoscopic image display by special glasses, a non-stereoscopic stereoscopic image display, and a holographic display system .

The stereoscopic image display system using the double special glasses includes a polarizing glasses system using a vibration direction or a rotation direction of polarized light, a time division spectacle system in which left and right images are alternately presented while being switched to each other, and a system of transmitting light of different brightness in the right and left Can be divided into the concentration difference method.

In the non-eye-hardened stereoscopic image display system, a parallax barrier system in which an image can be separated and observed through a vertical grid-like aperture in front of each image in the right and left eyes, a lenticular method using a lenticular plate in which a cylindrical lens is arranged in a stripe arrangement, and an integral photography method using a fly-eye lens plate.

In the holographic display method, a three-dimensional stereoscopic image having all the factors such as focus adjustment, convergence angle, binocular parallax, and motion parallax, which are three dimensional factors, can be obtained and is classified into a laser light reproduction hologram and a white light reproduction hologram.

Recently, a parallax barrier system, which is a method of realizing a three-dimensional image by allowing a stereoscopic image for left and right eyes to be separately viewed without requiring special special glasses, has recently attracted attention.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing a conventional three-dimensional image display apparatus of a parallax barrier system.

Referring to the drawings, the parallax barrier type three-dimensional image display device 11 includes a 2D image display device 15, for example, a liquid crystal display device, and a display device 15 arranged in a vertical or horizontal direction And a parallax barrier (30) for blocking the image to be incident on the left eye for the user's right eye and for blocking the image to be incident on the right eye for the left eye .

Therefore, by the configuration including the parallax barrier 30, the 3D image can be finally viewed from the display device in which the user displays the 2D image by the binocular parallax.

However, in the 3D image display device 11 having such a parallax barrier 30, the brightness decreases due to the parallax barrier 30 which intentionally blocks the progress of the light, and the viewing angle range for viewing the 3D image is very narrow One problem is occurring.

To solve this problem, a 3D image display device has been proposed in which the parallax barrier is replaced with a lens film having a plurality of lenticular lenses to improve luminance and 3D viewing angle.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a spectacle-less 3D image display apparatus having a conventional lens film. For convenience of description, the horizontal direction of the liquid crystal display device is defined as the x-axis vertical direction and the y-axis direction as a reference when the user views the display area of the liquid crystal display device from the front.

As shown in the figure, a non-spectacle-type 3D image display device 50 having a conventional lens film mainly includes a liquid crystal display device 55, a? / 2 phase film (hereinafter referred to as a HWP film 60) And a lens film 70 on which a cylindrical lens 75 is implemented.

Although not shown, a switching cell (not shown) is provided between the lens film 70 and the HWP film 60 to selectively allow a 2D image and a 3D image to be viewed.

In the liquid crystal display device 55, in particular, in the case of a liquid crystal display device operating in a transverse electric field mode, liquid crystal molecules (not shown) constituting a liquid crystal layer (not shown) 1 < / RTI > This is related to the driving of the liquid crystal layer (not shown) and is intended to improve the driving efficiency and display quality more efficiently. At this time, the angle at which the liquid crystal molecules (not shown) are initially arranged in the liquid crystal layer (not shown) in the liquid crystal display device 55 becomes the average optical axis oax of the liquid crystal display device 55.

In the lens film 70, the plurality of lenticular lenses 75 are made of a material having anisotropic characteristics, and the direction of the material 78 having anisotropic characteristics of the lenticular lens 75 Are arranged in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens 75. [

The conventional non-spectacle-type 3D image display device 50 having the lens film 70 having such a configuration is structured such that the average optical axis oax of the liquid crystal display device 55 and the average optical axis oax of the lens film 70 The direction of arrangement of the directional elements of the anisotropic material 78 constituting the plurality of lenticular lenses 75 is different, so that some unwanted vertical light or horizontal light is incident on the user's eye, thereby degrading the 3D or 2D display quality It is causing.

When the undesired light enters the eye of the user, it is defined as a light source. The angle of arrangement of the director of the anisotropic material 78 of the lens film 70 and the average optical axis oax of the liquid crystal display device 55 is The HWP film 60 is necessarily provided as an essential component between the liquid crystal display device 55 and the lens film 70 in order to control normal driving of the normal light and the normal light component due to the misalignment .

The 3D image display device is superior in 3D image display quality in order to make the product competitive, and furthermore, it is required to be supplied to the user at a lower cost by reducing the manufacturing cost.

However, since the HWP film 60 must be obtained in the conventional non-spectacle 3D video display device 50 having the above-described configuration, the manufacturing cost is increased due to an increase in material cost, and the HWP film 60 is attached The productivity is reduced due to an increase in the manufacturing time per unit time by the addition of the unit process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a spectacle-free 3D image display device having excellent 3D image display quality without HWP film, The productivity of the product can be improved.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a 3D image display apparatus including a liquid crystal panel having an optical axis in a first direction, a first polarizer having a transmission axis coinciding with the optical axis on an outer surface of the liquid crystal panel, And a second polarizer having a transmission axis perpendicular to the optical axis; And a plurality of lenticular lenses having a plurality of lenticular lenses arranged on an outer surface of the first polarizer and having an anisotropic material arranged in the first direction identical to the optical axis of the liquid crystal panel.

In this case, the optical axis is a state in which long axes of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer provided in the liquid crystal panel are initially arranged,

A switching cell is provided between the first polarizing plate and the lens film and selectively changes the polarization state of light passing through the first polarizing plate by on / off driving. Wherein the 3D image display device selectively implements a 3D or 2D image by on / off of the switching cell.

(단 M, N은 자연수, Pa와 Pb는 각각 화소영역의 단방향 및 장방향의 피치) 의 식으로 표시되는 것이 특징이다. The long axis of the lenticular lens is inclined so as to coincide with a longitudinal direction of a pixel region included in the liquid crystal panel or to form a first angle, wherein the first angle is larger than 0 degrees and smaller than 45 degrees, The first angle

(Note that M and N are natural numbers, and Pa and Pb are pitches in the unidirectional and longitudinal directions of the pixel region, respectively).

The anisotropic material is characterized by being any one of PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal), RM (Reactive Mesogens), and curable LC (Liquid Crystal).

The surface of the lenticular lens may be provided with a plurality of fine grooves having a long axis in a direction coinciding with the direction of the director of the anisotropic material or may be provided on the surface of the lenticular lens in a direction coinciding with the direction of the director of the anisotropic material And an alignment layer having a plurality of fine grooves having a long axis.

A method of forming a lens film according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: providing a base substrate having a plurality of grooves having a long axis in one direction; Forming a fine groove having a major axis of several to several tens of micrometers in a plurality of grooves of the base substrate and forming a first angle with a long axis direction of the groove or forming an alignment film on the groove of the base substrate, Forming a fine groove in the first angular direction on the surface of the alignment layer by rubbing in the first angular direction or by irradiating polarized UV light; Forming an anisotropic material layer on an upper portion of the groove of the base substrate having the fine grooves or an upper portion of the alignment layer and arranging the direction of the anisotropic material in the first angle direction; Curing the anisotropic material arranged in the first angular direction to realize a plurality of lenticular lenses; And removing the anisotropic material layer on which the lenticular lens is implemented from the base substrate.

In this case, the step of mounting the plurality of lenticular lenses and attaching the film to the upper part of the lenticular lens may be further included.

The anisotropic material is any one of PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal), RM (Reactive Mesogens), and curable LC (Liquid Crystal).

The 3D image display apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention can realize a 3D image without lowering brightness by using a lenticular lens instead of a parallax barrier with a large luminance degradation, .

Further, in the case of a 3D image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a plurality of respective lenticular lenses provided in the lens film, although the optical axis is shifted by a predetermined angle with respect to the y axis, And is arranged so as to coincide with the optical axis, so that automatic compensation is performed, and no separate HWP film is required.

Therefore, since the HWP film can be omitted from the conventional 3D image display, a process for attaching the HWP film can be omitted, and the productivity per unit time can be improved. Further, since the HWP film is not used as a constituent element, There is an effect of reducing.

1 is a conceptual view showing a conventional three-dimensional image display apparatus of a parallax barrier system.
2 is a schematic view of a non-eyeglass type 3D image display apparatus having a conventional lens film.
3 is a view illustrating a 3D image display apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a simplified view of only a liquid crystal panel and a lens film in a 3D image display apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a simplified view of only a liquid crystal panel and a lens film in a 3D image display apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of an arrangement of a liquid crystal panel and a lenticular lens in a case of having 8 view regions in a 3D image display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIGS. 7A to 7D illustrate a step of manufacturing a lens film included in a spectacle-free 3D image display device according to the first or second embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a 3D image display apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 3D image display apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. And only the lens film is simplified.

As shown in the figure, the 3D-based image display apparatus 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel 112 and first and second polarizers 125 and 130 on both outer sides thereof And a lens film 160 provided on the outer surface of the second polarizing plate 130 of the liquid crystal display device 110. The liquid crystal display device 110 is a liquid crystal display device.

At this time, in the non-spectacled 3D image display apparatus 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the second polarizer plate 130 and the lens film 160 are provided with switching cells (140) may be further provided.

The liquid crystal display device 110 includes a liquid crystal panel 112 (not shown) including a first liquid crystal layer (not shown) interposed between the array substrate 115 and the color filter substrate 120, The first and second polarizers 125 and 130 attached to the outer surface of the liquid crystal panel 112 and the backlight unit (not shown) on the outer surface of the first polarizer 125 Time).

In the liquid crystal panel 112, a gate wiring 116 and a data wiring 118 are formed on the array substrate 115 to define a plurality of pixel regions P and two wirings 116 and 118, And a thin film transistor Tr is provided as a switching element corresponding to each pixel region P and a pixel electrode 119 is provided in each pixel region P connected to the thin film transistor Tr.

The color filter substrate 120 is provided with a color filter layer 122 composed of red, green and blue color filter patterns R, G and B corresponding to the pixel regions P in order and repetitively, 122 and a common electrode (not shown) is provided on the front surface.

The color filter substrate 120 is provided with a black matrix 121 for suppressing transmission of light at the boundaries of the red, green and blue color filter patterns R, G and B, more precisely at the boundaries of the pixel regions P Is provided.

The internal configuration of the liquid crystal panel 112 including these components may be variously changed according to the driving mode of the liquid crystal display device 110. [

In other words, in the embodiment of the present invention, the common electrode (not shown) is formed on the entire inner side surface of the color filter substrate 120. Alternatively, the common electrode may be formed on the color filter substrate 120 The common electrode 123 may be omitted in the color filter substrate 120 and alternatively may be formed in the pixel region P of the array substrate 115 alternately with the pixel electrode 119.

In this case, the pixel electrode and the common electrode alternating in each pixel region P form a bar shape, and the liquid crystal panel 112 having such a structure is formed between the adjacent pixel electrodes and the common electrode As shown in Fig.

As another modification, the common electrode may be formed in a form having a bar-shaped opening corresponding to each pixel region P on the entire display region of the array substrate 115. In this case, The liquid crystal panel having such a configuration is driven by a fringe field generated by a common electrode having a plurality of bar-shaped openings and pixel electrodes positioned on upper and lower sides.

Between the array substrate 115 and the color filter substrate 120 having such a configuration, a first liquid crystal layer (not shown) in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules are initially arranged in one direction is provided.

The first and second polarizers 125 and 130 are arranged on the outer surface of the liquid crystal panel 112 so that the transmissive axes of the liquid crystal panels 112 are perpendicular to each other. A backlight unit (not shown) is provided on the outer surface of the polarizer 125 to form a liquid crystal display device 110.

The first polarizer plate 125 is attached to the outer surface of the array substrate 115 with a first transmission axis and the second polarizer plate 130 is attached to the outer surface of the color filter substrate 120, 1 with a second transmission axis perpendicular to the transmission axis. In this case, the second transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 130 coincides with the initial alignment direction? 1 of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (not shown) formed in the liquid crystal panel 112.

The initial alignment angle [theta] 1 of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules may vary according to the model of the liquid crystal display device 110, and the horizontal direction of the liquid crystal panel 112 is generally defined as the y axis The first angle? 1 is in the range of about 0 to about 25 degrees with respect to the y-axis. The first angle? 1 between the liquid crystal molecules and the y axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal display device 110 is an average optical axis oax of the liquid crystal panel 112, And the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 130 is arranged in parallel with the optical axis oax.

The second polarizer 130 transmits light linearly polarized in the first direction through the second polarizer 130, or transmits the linearly polarized light through the second polarizer 130 in the first direction And a switching cell 140 serving as a polarization switch for selectively converting a linearly polarized state into a linearly polarized state in a second direction perpendicular to the linearly polarized state.

The switching cell 140 is provided with first and second electrodes (not shown) facing each other between a first transparent substrate (not shown) and a second transparent substrate (not shown), and the first and second And a second liquid crystal layer (not shown) having liquid crystal molecules having anisotropic characteristics between electrodes (not shown).

The switching cell 140 is provided for selectively viewing a 3D image and a 2D image through the 3D image display device 101 by changing the polarization state of the linearly polarized light transmitted through the switching cell 140, And may be omitted in the case of a video display device.

The switching cell 140 having the above-described configuration is turned on or off by turning on or off the first and second electrodes (not shown) The vertical electric field is turned on or off between the first electrode (not shown) and the second electrode (not shown), and when the voltage is turned on, the linearly polarized state in the first direction is transmitted through the second polarizer plate 130, The first polarizer is formed in the first polarizer and the second polarizer is formed in the second polarizer so that the linear polarized light in the first polarizer is maintained in the first polarizer while the vertical electric field is not generated between the first polarizer and the second polarizer. And serves to make the linearly polarized light in the first and second directions different from each other by the lens film 160.

Although such a switching cell 160 is not required for viewing only a 3D image, it is necessary to selectively view a 3D image and a 2D image.

Next, on the outer surface of the switching cell 160, a lens film 160 most characteristic of the 3D image display apparatus 101 according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided.

Referring to the configuration of the lens film 160, a plurality of lenticular lenses 165 are provided on the lens film 160 in parallel with the y-axis.

At this time, the anisotropic material 168 constituting the plurality of lenticular lenses 165, for example, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), a reactive mesogens (RM), a curable LC Crystal is arranged in parallel with the initial alignment direction 1 of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal panel 112, unlike the long axis direction of the lenticular lens 165.

That is, the direction of the anisotropic material 165 is arranged at a second angle? 2 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens 165 arranged in parallel to the y-axis. At this time, the first angle? 1 and the second angle? 2 have the same value.

The arrangement direction of the directors of the anisotropic material 168 constituting the lenticular lens 165 of the lens film 160 coincides with the optical axis oax of the liquid crystal panel 112, The 3D image display apparatus 101 according to the embodiment of the present invention does not require a separate HWP film for optical axis compensation.

In the case of the conventional 3D image display device, since the optical axis of the liquid crystal panel and the arrangement angles of the anisotropic materials of the lens film do not coincide with each other and have a different state, the control force is reduced for the light in the horizontal or vertical state, An HWP film was provided for optical axis compensation to suppress the light leakage due to the difference in arrangement of the anisotropic material of the lens film and the optical axis of the panel.

However, in the case of the 3D image display apparatus 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the optical axis oax has a first angle? 1 with respect to the y axis, A configuration in which the direction of the anisotropic material 168 provided in the plurality of the respective lenticular lenses 165 is arranged not to coincide with the longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens 165 but is aligned with the optical axis oax As a result, automatic compensation is performed, and no separate HWP film is required.

Therefore, the 3D video display device 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention can omit the HWP film compared to the conventional 3D video display, so that a process for attaching the HWP film is not needed, the productivity per unit time can be improved, Further, since the HWP film is not used as a constituent element, the manufacturing cost by reducing the material cost can be reduced.

In the case of the 3D image display apparatus 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the lenticular lens 165 constituting the lens film 160 is arranged in the liquid crystal panel 112 Are arranged in correspondence with the pixel lines which are located on the same line in the longitudinal direction among the pixel regions P to be formed.

In the case of a two-view configuration, the viewing angle range for viewing 3D is very small. Therefore, it is mainly applied to a personal portable device such as a mobile phone or a PDA. In a TV or a monitor, So that multiple views of two or more views can be implemented.

A 3D image display device having a 3D viewing angle range improved by enabling multi view construction of three or more views through the second embodiment of the present invention is proposed.

FIG. 5 is a simplified view of only a liquid crystal panel and a lens film in a non-eyeglass type 3D image display apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, the horizontal direction of the liquid crystal panel is defined as the x-axis vertical direction, and the y-axis is defined as the y-axis. The structure of the 3D image display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the first embodiment Explain the areas with differentiation.

First, a spectacle-free 3D video display device 201 according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid crystal display device (not shown) having a first polarizer (not shown), a liquid crystal panel 212 and a second polarizer (not shown) A switching cell (not shown) is selectively provided on an outer surface of a second polarizer (not shown) of the liquid crystal display device (not shown) A lens film 260 is provided.

The second embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that in the liquid crystal panel 212, an initial alignment state of long axes of liquid crystal molecules (not shown) in the liquid crystal layer, that is, The transmission axis of the polarizing plate (not shown) is arranged in parallel with the y-axis.

The plurality of lenticular lenses 265, which are components of the lens film 260, are arranged to have a third angle? 3 with respect to the y-axis. Further, each of the lenticular lenses 265, The direction of arrangement of the directors of the anisotropic material 268 provided in the liquid crystal panel 265 is arranged in parallel with the optical axis oax and the y axis of the liquid crystal panel 212.

In this case, the lenticular lenses 265 provided in the lens film 260 have a width greater than the minor axis pitch of each pixel region P, Is exactly two times or more an integral multiple of the short axis pitch of the pixel region (P).

On the other hand, the third angle? 3 formed by the long axis of the lenticular lens 265 with respect to the y-axis has a range larger than 0 degrees and smaller than 45 degrees, and it has a substantially number of views It is appropriately determined in the above-mentioned range. This will be described in detail later.

The optical axis oax of the liquid crystal panel 212 and the anisotropic material 268 in the lenticular lens 265 in the non-eyeglass type 3D image display apparatus 201 according to the second embodiment of the present invention having the above- The direction of alignment of the directors of the light guide plate is matched with each other, so that the light leakage of the vertical light or the horizontal light can be suppressed, so that no separate HWP is required.

Accordingly, since the HWP film can be omitted in the same manner as in the first embodiment, a process for attaching the HWP film can be omitted, productivity can be improved per unit time, and furthermore, the HWP film is not used as a constituent element. .

Next, a multi-view implementation of the non-eyeglass 3D image display apparatus 201 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of an arrangement of a liquid crystal panel and a lenticular lens in a non-spectacle-type 3D image display apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which has eight view regions. The number displayed in each pixel region P included in the liquid crystal panel 212 represents a view region. In fact, when the 3D image display device is viewed from each view region, the pixel region P, which is visible in the view region, Lt; / RTI >

As shown in the figure, the 3D-image display apparatus 201 of the non-spectacle type according to the second embodiment of the present invention having 8 views has a width of the lenticular lens 265 provided in the lens film 260, P) single-axis pitch, and a boundary is arranged so as to coincide with diagonal lines of two neighboring pixel regions P with respect to the y-axis. In this case, it can be seen that eight pixel regions are defined as one group in the lenticular lens.

The arrangement of the lenticular lens shown in FIG. 6 is an example of an 8-view implementation. The third angle? 3 inclined with respect to the y-axis of the lenticular lens 265 is appropriately changed to selectively adjust the number of views .

The third angle? 3, which is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction (y direction) of the pixel region P of the lenticular lens 265 in the lens film 260,

---①

--- ①

Can be expressed as

In this case, Pa is a short axis pitch of one pixel region P, Pb is a long axis pitch of the pixel region P, and M and N are arbitrary natural numbers, and the lenticular lens 265 is a plurality of pixel regions P And the number of the pixel regions P in the minor axis direction (x direction) of the pixel region P in the group when a group is exactly passed through the vertex in the diagonal direction and the number of the pixel regions P in the major axis direction (y-direction). At this time, it is general that M and N generally satisfy a value of M / N? 2.

6, the value of M / N is 2, and the value of the third angle [theta] 3 is, for example, in the case of a pixel region P in a conventional liquid crystal display device, The pitch Pb becomes about three times the single axis pitch Pa, so that according to the above equation,? 3 = tan ^-1 (1/6), which is 9.46 degrees.

The numbers assigned to the plurality of pixel regions P located inside the one group gr are determined by the lenticular lens 265 of the lens film 260 at the third angle? The number of views defined as the area in which the 3D image display apparatus 101 arranged in a tilted arrangement can view 3D images is possible, and the numbers assigned to the respective views become the pixel regions P displayed when viewing the 3D image in each view region .

The non-eyeglass type 3D image display apparatus 201 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, having the lens film 260 arranged so as to be inclined at a third angle? 3 with respect to the y-axis, The viewing angle for viewing 3D images is improved by increasing the number of views compared to the first embodiment.

In the non-eyeglass type 3D image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention having the above-described structure, the other structures are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore, a description thereof will be omitted.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a lens film having a configuration in which a major axis of an anisotropic material is arranged to have a predetermined angle with respect to a long axis of a lenticular lens in a 3D image display apparatus according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described do.

FIGS. 7A to 7D are views illustrating a process of manufacturing a lens film included in the non-spectacle-type 3D image display device according to the first or second embodiment of the present invention.

First, as shown in FIG. 7A, in order to form a lenticular shape having a long longitudinal axis in one direction and a convex lenticular shape in cross-sectional shape, a base having a plurality of grooves having a long longitudinal axis in one direction and a concave cross- The substrate 300 is prepared.

The base substrate 300 may be formed by applying a photoresist to an organic substrate, exposing and exposing the photoresist using an exposure mask, etching the organic substrate using the photoresist remaining after the development, , Or may be formed by rolling the plastic substrate through a roller or the like having convex and concave convex and concave portions in the form of lenticular.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, an alignment layer is formed by applying an alignment material on the base substrate 300 provided with a plurality of grooves hm having long axes in one direction, as described above, Rubbing is performed in a direction having a predetermined angle alpha with respect to the major axis direction of the concave groove so that a very fine fine groove having a long axis in one direction and a size of several to several tens of micrometers is formed on the surface of the orientation film 310 Forming a UV alignment layer reacting with UV light and then irradiating UV light polarized in one direction in one direction to form a UV alignment layer having a long axis in one direction on the surface of the UV alignment layer, Thereby forming fine grooves 315 having a very fine size with a size of about 1 mm.

7C, a liquid anisotropic material such as PDLC (ultraviolet) is applied onto the alignment layer 310 or the UV alignment layer, which is provided with a plurality of fine grooves 315 having a long axis at a predetermined angle with the long axis of the groove, Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal), RM (Reactive Mesogens), and curable LC (Liquid Crystal) to form an anisotropic material layer 340.

In this case, the anisotropic material layer 340 may be formed on the surface of the base substrate 300 by filling the recessed grooves hm on the base substrate 300 with a thickness greater than the maximum depth of the grooves hm. Shaped portion having a thickness of about 1 mm and a portion of the plate-like shape forming a flat surface.

The anisotropic material filling and coating the plurality of concave grooves hm of the base substrate 300 may be a very fine grooves 315 having a size of several to several tens of micrometers formed on the surface of the alignment film 310, The director 323 is uniformly arranged in the major axis direction of the fine grooves 315.

Next, heat treatment is performed in this state to cure the anisotropic material layer 340 to form an anisotropic material layer 340 having a plurality of lenticular lenses 343.

7D, the anisotropic material layer 340 having a plurality of lenticular lenses 343 formed thereon is detached or peeled from the base substrate 300, and thus the first and second embodiments of the present invention The lens film (160 in Fig. 4, 260 in Fig. 5) can be completed.

In this case, before the anisotropic material layer 340 in a cured state is detached or peeled off from the base substrate 300, a base film (not shown) is formed on the top of the plurality of lenticular lenses 343 through an adhesive (not shown) ) May be further carried out.

On the other hand, although not shown in the drawing, the cut can be further progressed so as to have a suitable size so as to be attached to the liquid crystal panel with respect to the completed lens film (160 in Fig. 4, 260 in Fig. 5).

4) of the lenticular lens 343 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In this case, the lens film (160 in Fig. 4) When cutting the lenticular lens 343 so as to have a predetermined angle with respect to the long axis of the lenticular lens 343 and cutting the same in a direction perpendicular to the cut surface as described above, the lens film for a 3D image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention 260 of FIG. 5).

On the other hand, in the above-described method, an alignment film or a UV alignment film is formed on a base substrate having a plurality of grooves and a plurality of minute grooves having a long axis are formed in one direction by irradiating rubbing or polarized UV light Forming grooves of about several to several tens of micrometers in a direction having a predetermined angle with respect to the long axis of the grooves in the respective grooves of the base substrate without forming the alignment film and then forming anisotropic material directly on the base substrate The long axis of the anisotropic material is arranged in the same direction as the long axis of the groove so that the long axis of the anisotropic substance is aligned with the long axis of the lenticular lens to form the anisotropic material layer at a predetermined angle with respect to the long axis of the lenticular lens. A lens film in which long axes are arranged can be formed.

By attaching the finished lens film to the outer surface of the second polarizer plate or the outer surface of the switching cell attached to the liquid crystal panel in this way, the characteristic axisymmetric structure in which the optical axis of the liquid crystal panel coincides with the arrangement direction of the major axes of the anisotropic material in the lenticular lens The above-described 3D image display device according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention can be manufactured.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

101: 3D image display device
110: liquid crystal display
160: Lens film
165: Lenticular lens
168: Anisotropic material
oax: (optical axis of liquid crystal panel)
? 1: angle of the optical axis with respect to the y-axis (first angle)
? 2: angle (second angle) of the director of the anisotropic substance with respect to the y-axis (long axis of the lenticular lens)

Claims (14)

A liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal panel having an optical axis in a first direction; a first polarizer having transmission axes coinciding with the optical axes on an outer surface of the liquid crystal panel; and a second polarizer having a transmission axis perpendicular to the optical axis;
A lens film provided on an outer surface of the first polarizer plate and having a plurality of lenticular lenses each including an anisotropic material,
/ RTI >
Wherein the director of the anisotropic material is arranged in the first direction,
Wherein the long axes of the plurality of lenticular lenses are arranged in a second direction intersecting with the first direction at a first angle.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the optical axis is a state in which the major axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer provided in the liquid crystal panel are initially arranged.
The method according to claim 1,
And a switching cell provided between the first polarizer and the lens film for selectively changing a polarization state of light passing through the first polarizer by on / off driving.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the 3D image display device selectively implements a 3D or 2D image by on / off of the switching cell.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first direction in which the optical axis of the liquid crystal panel is arranged coincides with the longitudinal direction of the pixel region provided in the liquid crystal panel.
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the first angle is greater than 0 degrees and less than 45 degrees.
The method according to claim 6,
The first angle

(Note that M and N are natural numbers, and Pa and Pb are pitches in the unidirectional and longitudinal directions of the pixel region, respectively)
Of the 3D image display device.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the anisotropic material is any one of PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal), RM (Reactive Mesogens), and curable LC (Liquid Crystal).
The method according to claim 1,
A plurality of fine grooves having a major axis in a direction coinciding with a direction of the director of the anisotropic material may be provided on a surface of the lenticular lens,
Or an alignment film having a plurality of fine grooves having a long axis in a direction coinciding with a direction of an anisotropic material on the surface of the lenticular lens.
The method comprising: providing a base substrate having a plurality of grooves having a major axis in a first direction;
Forming a fine groove having a long axis in a second direction intersecting with the first direction at a first angle on the upper surface of the plurality of grooves of the base substrate,
Or forming an alignment film on the plurality of grooves of the base substrate and rubbing the alignment film in the second direction or irradiating the polarized UV light to form fine grooves in the second direction on the surface of the alignment film Wow;
Forming an anisotropic material layer in which the direction of the anisotropic material is aligned in the second direction by coating an anisotropic material on the plurality of grooves of the base substrate provided with the fine grooves or on the top of the alignment layer;
Curing the anisotropic material layer in which the director of the anisotropic material is arranged in the second direction to realize a plurality of lenticular lenses;
Removing the anisotropic material layer on which the plurality of lenticular lenses are implemented from the base substrate
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11. The method of claim 10,
Further comprising the step of attaching a film to the plurality of lenticular lenses after implementing the plurality of lenticular lenses.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the anisotropic material is one of PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal), RM (Reactive Mesogens), and curable LC (Liquid Crystal). The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the second direction in which the long axes of the plurality of lenticular lenses are arranged coincides with the longitudinal direction of the pixel region provided in the liquid crystal panel.
14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the first angle is greater than 0 degrees and less than 25 degrees.

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