KR101618299B1 - Monitoring method and monitoring apparatus for solar power generating system - Google Patents
Monitoring method and monitoring apparatus for solar power generating system Download PDFInfo
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
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- G01R31/3658—
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- G01R31/3682—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/185—Electrical failure alarms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
Description
The present invention relates to a monitoring method and apparatus for a solar power generation system.
Solar cells turn solar energy into electrical energy. A solar power generation system (also known as a solar power plant) is a collection of solar cells connected in series or in parallel with a plurality of solar cells (modules).
1 is a systematic diagram showing an example of a general solar power generation system. Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a connection panel constituting a general solar power generation system.
1 and 2, a typical solar power generation system includes a solar
The
The
The
The
The central control unit (electric room) 400 collects, computes, and records the information transmitted from the
However, the above-mentioned conventional string monitoring apparatus is composed of a device which operates at a relatively low voltage and a small current as compared with the power circuit, and the installation environment of the
first. The apparatus constituting the string monitoring apparatus is susceptible to various electromagnetic disturbances such as a brain surge, an opening and closing surge, and an electromagnetic wave that come in from the outside through the
second. The equipment constituting the string monitoring device is accompanied by heat generation during operation and generates not only electromagnetic noise but also electromagnetic, thermal, mechanical and environmental weakness, There is a disadvantage that the installation place is restricted.
third. There is a disadvantage in that the wiring structure is complicated and the AC power is always applied to the wiring even at the night when the solar power generation is stopped, since separate wiring must be provided in order to receive the AC power for the operation of the string monitoring device.
fourth. Since each
fifth. Due to the large capacity of the solar power generation system, the power of one
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for monitoring a photovoltaic power generation system with a monitoring reliability of solar cell strings and a simple configuration.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling an inverter, the method comprising: detecting unit output values of connection units supplied to a unit inverter; Calculating input values of the unit inverters by summing the unit output values respectively detected by the connection modules; Dividing the input value of the unit inverter by the total number of solar cell strings connected to the unit inverter to calculate an inverter string average output value which is an average solar cell string output value of the unit inverter; Dividing the unit output value detected in each connection module connected to the unit inverter by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection module to calculate a connection semi-string average output value of each connection module; Displaying the inverter string average output value and each connection semi-string average output value; Comparing each connection semi-string average output value of the connection modules with an inverter string average output value to calculate a deviation value; And generating an alarm for the connection module that is set based on the deviation value of the connection modules when the setting condition is satisfied.
Detecting an input value of the unit inverter from the inverter control system; Dividing the unit inverter input value by the total number of solar cell strings connected to the unit inverter to calculate an inverter string average output value which is an average solar cell string output value of the unit inverter; Dividing the unit output value detected in each connection module connected to the unit inverter by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection module to calculate a connection semi-string average output value of each connection module; Displaying the inverter string average output value and each connection semi-string average output value; Comparing each connection semi-string average output value of the connection modules with an inverter string average output value to calculate a deviation value; And generating an alarm for the connection module that is set based on the deviation value of the connection modules when the setting condition is satisfied.
The alarm generating step may generate an alarm if the deviation value obtained by dividing each deviation value of the connection modules by the inverter string average output value corresponds to a preset reference value and the reference value is maintained for a set time.
Detecting each unit output value of the connection modules supplied to the unit inverter; Dividing the unit output value detected in each connection module connected to the unit inverter by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection module to calculate a connection semi-string average output value of each connection module; Calculating a sample connection half-string average output value by calculating an average value from a string average output value which is a highest value to a connection semi-string average output value which is an arbitrary sequence by arranging the connection half-string average output values in descending order; Displaying the connection semi-string average output values and the sample connection semi-string average output value; Calculating a deviation value by comparing each connection semi-string average output value of the connection modules with a sample connection semi-string average output value; And generating an alarm for the connection module that is set based on the deviation value of the connection modules when the setting condition is satisfied.
The generating of the alarm may generate an alarm if the deviation value obtained by dividing each deviation value of the connection modules by the sample connection half-string average output value corresponds to a reference value that is set and the reference value is maintained for a predetermined time.
The reference value is set as a first, second, and third reference value, and an A alarm is generated when the first reference value is continuously accumulated for 1 to 10 minutes, which is a short time, and the second reference value is continuously maintained for 1 to 10 hours It is preferable that a B alarm is generated when the first reference value is accumulated and a C alarm is generated when the third reference value is continuously accumulated for 1 to 30 days which is a long time.
It is preferable that the first reference value has a deviation ratio value of 20 to 80%, the second reference value has a deviation ratio value of less than 2 to 20%, and the third reference value has a range of less than 0 to 10% Do.
It is preferable that a preliminary alarm is generated when the deviation ratio value is 50 to 80% of each reference value, and the alarm is generated when the deviation ratio value is 100% of each reference value.
It is preferable that the preliminary alarm is generated when the deviation ratio value is repeatedly generated not more than the set cumulative time at the reference value and more than the set number of times during the set cumulative time.
And storing the deviation values of the connection modules.
Preferably, each unit power value of the connection modules is detected at an input terminal of each unit inverter.
Further, in order to accomplish the object of the present invention, there are provided connection modules each including a plurality of string circuits; An inverter connected to wirings connected to the connection modules, respectively, for converting DC power supplied from the connection modules to AC power through the wirings; A detection unit for detecting each DC power of wirings supplied to the inverter; A measurement unit for measuring the DC power of each of the wirings detected by the detection unit; And a display unit for displaying the DC power measured by the measurement unit.
The detection unit includes a base plate provided on an input side of the inverter and including a base plate having a plurality of branch terminals connected to the wirings; A support member spaced apart from the terminal block; Detection elements mounted on the support member corresponding to the number of the branch terminals and detecting currents respectively flowing through the wirings respectively connected to the branch terminals; Preferably, the plurality of branch terminals of the terminal block are extended and extended to one side of the base plate, respectively, and each of the detection elements is formed in a ring shape so that one branch terminal is passed through the one detection element.
The detecting elements may be integrally formed with the branch terminal.
Since the DC power of each of the connection modules input to the input side of the inverter is measured and monitored on a connection half-unit basis, the present invention can accurately monitor the DC power output from each connection module, and when a failure occurs in the connection modules It is possible to identify and check the type of faulty connection panel and fault accurately and quickly, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of monitoring and promptly responding to faults.
In addition, since the present invention excludes the conventional configuration for monitoring each string circuit of the connection module, the use of the communication module and the communication line for monitoring each string circuit to transmit to the central management section is excluded, thereby minimizing the risk of failure and fire of the connection module do. In addition, since power lines and communication lines for supplying power are always excluded for communication between the central management unit and the connection unit, various electromagnetic disturbance paths such as electromagnetic waves radiated from the outside through these wirings are eliminated, thereby preventing the influence on the inverter and the rider .
Further, since the present invention excludes the conventional configuration for monitoring each string circuit of the connection module, the configuration is simple, thereby reducing the installation cost of the solar power generation system and facilitating the maintenance of the solar power generation system.
In addition, the present invention compares the average value of the string input to the unit inverter with the deviation value of the string average output outputted from each connection module, and performs a preliminary alarm in a stepwise manner. In addition to this, it is possible to prevent false alarms when the output of the connection module drops for a short time, thereby reducing unnecessary inspection and improving the efficiency of management.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an example of a general solar power generation system,
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a connection panel constituting a general solar power generation system,
FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system having an embodiment of a monitoring apparatus for a solar power generation system according to the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a connection unit and a solar cell array unit having an embodiment of a monitoring apparatus for a solar power generation system according to the present invention,
5 is a circuit diagram showing a detection unit constituting an embodiment of the monitoring apparatus of the photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention,
6 is a front view showing a detection unit constituting an embodiment of the monitoring apparatus of the photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention;
7 is a flowchart showing a first embodiment of a monitoring method of a solar power generation system according to the present invention,
8 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of the monitoring method of the solar power generation system according to the present invention,
9 is a flowchart showing a third embodiment of a monitoring method of a solar power generation system according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a monitoring method and apparatus for a solar power generation system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3 is a block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system equipped with an embodiment of a monitoring apparatus for a solar power generation system according to the present invention. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a connection unit and a solar cell array unit having an embodiment of a monitoring apparatus for a solar power generation system according to the present invention. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a detection unit constituting an embodiment of the monitoring apparatus of the photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention.
3, 4 and 5, a photovoltaic generation system including an embodiment of a monitoring apparatus for a solar photovoltaic system according to the present invention includes a solar
The solar
The connection modules 200 'each include
In general, the number of the solar cell strings 110 constituting each connection module 200 'of the connection modules 200' is the same. However, the number of the solar cell strings 110 constituting each connection unit 200 'of the connection units 200' may be different from each other in order to match the solar cell array arrangement or the inverter capacity.
The
The
The
The
It is preferable that the
7 is a flowchart showing a first embodiment of a monitoring method of a solar power generation system according to the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 7, in the first embodiment of the monitoring method of the solar photovoltaic system according to the present invention, the step (S11) of detecting each unit output value of the connection modules supplied to the unit inverter proceeds. The unit output value may be current, or current and voltage. The unit output value of each connecting module is proportional to the number of solar cell strings constituting each connecting module. Each unit output value of the connection modules is preferably detected on the input side of the unit inverter. The unit output value of the connection modules is detected by the detection unit, and the detection unit is as described above.
A step S12 of calculating the input value of the unit inverter by summing up the unit output values detected in each of the connection modules proceeds.
The input value of the unit inverter is divided by the total number of solar cell strings connected to the unit inverter, and the step S13 of calculating the inverter string average output value which is the solar cell string average output value of the unit inverter is performed.
A step S14 of calculating a connection semi-string average output value of each connection module by dividing the unit output value detected in each connection module connected to the unit inverter by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection module after calculating the inverter string average output value .
After the average connection output value of each connection is calculated, a step S15 of displaying the inverter string average output value and each connection semi-string average output value is performed.
Preferably, each unit output value of the connection modules and the connection semi-string average output value are displayed together with the monitor connected to the server. It is further preferable that the input values of the unit inverter and the inverter string average output value are displayed together on a monitor connected to the server.
Then, a step S16 of comparing the average connection output value of each connection module with the inverter string average output value and calculating the deviation value is performed. The step of calculating the deviation value may be concurrent with the displaying step.
It is desirable to store the input value of the unit inverter, the average output value of the inverter string, the unit output values of each connection unit, the average output value of the connection string, and the deviation values to the server.
After the deviation values of the connection modules are calculated, a step S17 is performed in which an alarm is generated when the setting condition is satisfied based on the deviation value.
8 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of a monitoring method of a solar power generation system according to the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 8, in the second embodiment of the monitoring method of the solar power generation system according to the present invention, first, a step S21 of detecting the input value of the unit inverter from the inverter control system proceeds.
The input value of the unit inverter is detected, and then the unit inverter input value is divided by the total number of solar cell strings connected to the unit inverter, and the step S22 of calculating the inverter string average output value which is the solar cell string average output value of the unit inverter is performed.
A step S23 of calculating a connection semi-string average output value of each connection module by dividing the unit output value detected in each connection module connected to the unit inverter by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection module after calculating the inverter string average output value .
The unit output value of each connecting module is proportional to the number of solar cell strings constituting each connecting module. Each unit output value of the connection modules is preferably detected on the input side of the unit inverter.
The connection string semi-string average output value is calculated, and then the inverter string average output value and each connection semi-string average output value are displayed (S24).
Preferably, each unit output value of the connection modules and the connection semi-string average output value are displayed together with the monitor connected to the server. It is further preferable that the input values of the unit inverter and the inverter string average output value are displayed together on a monitor connected to the server.
Then, a step S25 of comparing the average output value of the connection half-strings of each connection module with the average value of the inverter strings and calculating the deviation value is performed. The step of calculating the deviation value may be concurrent with the displaying step.
It is desirable to store the input value of the unit inverter, the average output value of the inverter string, the unit output values of each connection unit, the average output value of the connection string, and the deviation values to the server.
After the deviation values of the connection modules are calculated, a step S26 is performed in which an alarm is generated on the basis of the deviation values.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a third embodiment of the monitoring method of the solar power generation system according to the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 9, in the third embodiment of the monitoring method of the solar power generation system according to the present invention, the step (S31) of detecting each unit output value of the connection modules supplied to the unit inverter proceeds. The unit output value may be current, or current and voltage. The unit output value of each connecting module is proportional to the number of solar cell strings constituting each connecting module. Each unit output value of the connection modules is preferably detected at the input side (input end) of the unit inverter.
A step (S32) of calculating a connection semi-string average output value of each connection module by dividing the unit output value detected in each connection module connected to the unit inverter by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection module after detecting each unit output value of the connection modules It proceeds.
String average output values of the connection modules and then calculating the average value from the string average output value which is the highest value to the average output value of the connection semi-string which is the arbitrary sequence by arranging the values of the connection semi-string average output values in descending order, The step S33 of calculating the connection half-string average output value is performed. Any sequence number can be within 30% of the maximum value of the connection half-string average output value. In other words, if the unit half of the unit inverter is 30%, the average value of the connection connection half-string average output value from the highest value to the third connection half-string average output value becomes the sample connection half-string average output value. In case of 50% and the connection half of the unit inverter is 6, the average value of the connection connection half-string average output value from the highest value to the third connection half-string average output value becomes the sample connection half-string average output value. It is preferable that the arbitrary sequence number is set within 50%.
After the sample connection half-string average output value is calculated, the connection semi-string average output values and the sample connection half-string average output value are displayed (S34).
Then, step S35 is performed in which a deviation value is calculated by comparing each connection half-string average output value of the connection modules with the sample connection half-string average output value. The step of calculating the deviation value may be concurrent with the displaying step.
The unit output values, the connection half-string average output value, the sample connection half-spring average output value, and the deviation values of each connection half are preferably stored in the server.
When the setting condition is satisfied based on the deviation values of the connection modules, a step S36 of generating an alarm for the connection module under the set condition is performed.
In the third embodiment, instead of the inverter string average output value as a reference value for comparison, some of the connection strings having a small deviation of the connection semi-string average output value are selected as a sample and the sample string average output value is set as a reference value. For example, if 10 connection modules are connected to the unit inverter and 9 connection modules are not faulty, the string average output values will be almost the same regardless of the number of solar cell strings to which the nine connection modules are connected. On the other hand, if the output of one connection class is low for some reason, then three of the nine connection classes with few deviation are selected, and the average value of the three is selected as the sample connection half-string average output value. If the string average output value is used as a reference value and the average output value of the connection half-strings of each connection half is compared, Can be found. In this case, even if a failure occurs simultaneously in a plurality of connection modules, the reference value is not lowered, so that the failure connection module can be easily grasped.
The steps of generating the alarms in the first, second, and third embodiments of the monitoring method of the solar power generation system according to the present invention are preferably performed by an alarm circuit.
Table 1 shows an embodiment of the alarm circuit configuration among monitoring methods of the solar power generation system according to the present invention.
Configuration of alarm function
Cumulative time and reference value range
1 to 10
Alarm step
Judgment retention function
Adjustable element
Since the power generation output of the photovoltaic power generation system changes instantaneously with the change of the weather such as cloud, rain, snow, etc., it is not reliable to judge the failure by the instantaneous value of the power generation output value or the deviation value. .
Therefore, as shown in Table 1, according to the alarm circuit, it is divided into the cumulative time, and the alarm is different according to the degree of reaching the reference value for each cumulative time.
The alarm circuit can be divided into a short time accumulation circuit, an intermediate accumulation accumulation circuit, and a long accumulation circuit according to accumulation time, and can be adjusted to an arbitrary accumulation time within a set range. If the deviation is greater than the reference value compared with the accumulated value of the average output value of the inverter string, the corresponding connection class is recognized as a fault and alarmed.
In the short-term accumulation circuit, it detects a large failure such as a fire in a connection panel, a disconnection or a short circuit of a power cable, and an accumulation time is preferably in a range of 1 to 10 minutes. It is desirable to set an alarm to be issued when the inverter string average output value of the inverter significantly drops, and to set the reference value in the range of 20 to 80%. In one embodiment, the cumulative time in the short term accumulated circuit is 5 minutes and the reference value can be 50%. That is, an alarm is generated for a connection half which lasts for 5 minutes when the deviation value obtained by dividing each deviation value of the connection modules by the inverter string average output value corresponds to the reference value and the reference value of the connection modules is 50%. At this time, the generated alarm is referred to as A warning. In the third embodiment, the deviation ratio value obtained by dividing each deviation value of the connection modules by the average connection output value of the sample is the reference value.
In the critical accumulation circuit, it detects a string failure such as the breakage of the solar cell string circuit or the fuse blowing. The cumulative time is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 hours, and during the set cumulative period, It is preferable to set an alarm to be generated when there is a deviation of about one solar cell string from the inverter string average output value of the unit inverter, and the reference value should be set in a range of less than 2% to 20%. For example, if 10 solar cell strings (circuit) are merged into the corresponding connection panel, setting of the setting value slightly above 10% can detect the disconnection of the solar cell string circuit or the fuse blowing. In one embodiment, the cumulative time in the cumulative time-critical circuit may be 12 hours for a 5-hour reference value. That is, an alarm is generated for a connection half that has a deviation value obtained by dividing each deviation value of the connection modules by the inverter string average output value as the reference value and the reference value of the connection modules is 12% and lasts for 5 hours. The alarm generated at this time is referred to as the B alarm.
In the long term accumulated circuit, it is desirable to detect the deterioration of functions such as contamination or damage of some modules and adhesion of foreign matter or wiring, and the cumulative time is preferably in the range of 1 to 30 days. During the set cumulative period, It is preferable to set an alarm to be generated when the average output value is less than one string of the inverter string average output value of the unit inverter, and the reference value is preferably set within a range of 0 to less than 10%. In one embodiment, the cumulative time in the long-term accumulated circuit may be 2% for a 10-day reference value. That is, an alarm is generated for a connection class whose deviation value value obtained by dividing each deviation value of the connection modules by the inverter string average output value corresponds to the reference value and the reference value of the connection modules is 2% and lasts for 10 days. The alarm generated at this time is referred to as C warning.
The reference value of the short-term accumulation circuit is referred to as a first reference value, the reference value of the intermediate accumulation circuit is referred to as a second reference value, and the reference value of the long-term accumulation circuit is referred to as a third reference value.
It is preferable that the cumulative time and the reference value can be freely adjusted for each connection half circuit within the cumulative time setting range and the reference value setting range and that all the connection half circuits can be collectively adjusted.
It is desirable to generate the alarm in two stages, a preliminary alarm and a main alarm. In one embodiment, when the alarm reaches 50% to 80% of the reference value, a preliminary alarm is generated and when the alarm reaches 100% of the reference value, the alarm is generated. In addition, even if the cumulative time does not accumulate as a reference value, a preliminary alarm can be generated for a connection half that is repeatedly generated more than the predetermined number of times during the cumulative time.
A first embodiment of a monitoring method of a photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention will be described in more detail.
First, among the cumulative time, the number of connection units to be input to one unit inverter is five, the five connection units are referred to as first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection units, 10, 10, 15, and 5 solar cell strings merged into the 5 connection modules are 50, the total number of solar cell strings (circuits) connected to the unit inverters is 50. If the sum of the power input to the unit inverter is 300,000W and the voltage is 600V, the input current of the unit inverter is 500A and the solar cell string circuit is 50, so the average current of the solar cell string circuit viewed from the unit inverter input side is 10A, The power is 6,000W. On the other hand, the string voltages connected to the unit inverters are all equal to 600V, and the output current and the output power have the same meaning in proportion to each other.
Since the average current of the solar cell string circuit viewed from the input side of the unit inverter is 10 A and the number of solar cell string circuits merged into the first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection groups is 10, 10, 10, The output current values should be 100, 100, 100, 150, 50A, and the average current divided by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection panel is 10A.
If the output current of the 5th connection module is detected as 40A, the current input to the unit inverter becomes 490A, and the number of the solar cell string circuits remains unchanged. Therefore, 490/50 = 9.8, that is, The average current is 9.8A, the output current of the fifth connecting bar is 40A, and the number of solar cell string circuits to be merged is 5, so 40/5 = 8, that is, the average current of the solar cell strings in the fifth connecting bar becomes 8A. In this case, the difference between the average current of the solar cell string viewed from the unit inverter input side and the average current of the solar cell string of the fifth connecting unit is 1.6 A, which is 9.8-8 = 1.6, and the average solar cell string current Is 1.6 / 9.8 = 0.1632, which has a deviation ratio value of about 16.32%.
On the other hand, the cumulative time of the short-term accumulated circuit of the fifth connection half is set to 5 minutes, the deviation ratio value (reference value) is set to 50%, the cumulative time of the cumulative cumulative time of the critical time is set to 5 hours, And the accumulation time of the long accumulated circuit is 10 days and the deviation ratio value (reference value) is set to 2%, if the deviation ratio value of the fifth connection half continues to be 16.32%, the accumulated value becomes the deviation ratio value Reference value) The set value becomes 10% or more, so the critical accumulation circuit is activated and the alarm of B alarm is generated to the manager.
On the other hand, assuming that the cumulative time setting of the critical connection cumulative circuit of the fifth connection half-alarm circuit is set to 5 hours and the deviation ratio value (reference value) setting is set to 20%, this alarm will not be generated. However, If the set value is set to 80% of the alarm set value, 20% * 0.8 = 16%, that is, the preliminary alarm deviation value (reference value) is equal to 16%, so that the deviation rate value of the fifth connection module continues to be 16.32% The cumulative value becomes equal to or more than 16% of the deviation value (reference value) set value after 5 hours, so that the critical accumulation circuit operates and a preliminary alarm of the B alarm is generated to the manager.
That is, since the short-term accumulation circuit is less than the set value, it does not operate, but after accumulating 5 hours, the accumulation circuit of the critical time is operated and the manager generates the B alarm by operating the accumulation circuit of important time. It is predicted that the fuse is blown in advance, so that it is possible to quickly recover the fault.
The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the input value of the unit inverter is detected from the inverter control system without obtaining the sum of the half-connected outputs connected to the unit inverter, and the remaining mechanism is the same as that of the first embodiment.
The third embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the string average output value of the sample is used as the reference value for comparison, and the remaining mechanism is the same as that of the first embodiment.
The preliminary alarm and this alarm can be informed by the color of the symbol or circuit of the display system, the flashing display, It is possible to notify the outside manager by phone or SNS. In this case, it is possible to notify only this alarm without differentiating the sound or notifying the preliminary alarm. In addition, the administrator may be notified of both the preliminary alarm and the alarm, and the upper alarm may be notified only to the alarm.
It is desirable that the alarm circuit be provided with a judgment reservation function to reliably detect a fault and prevent unnecessary malfunction.
If the power generation of the solar power generation system is small, such as morning, evening, or rainy day, the judgment reserve function is a deviation of the small power generation amount or the error of the detecting device or the measuring device. In order to prevent false alarms, when the combined power generation of the solar power generation system is less than 10% of the rated capacity of the solar power generation system, it is excluded from the cumulative time, so that the judgment of the failure is reserved. In addition, if some solar cell arrays can not avoid shading due to the passage of time during the day, they are formed into separate strings and assembled into one connection panel. In order to prevent malfunction, So that it can reserve the judgment of whether or not it is faulty. It is preferable that the judgment reservation function can be set for each connection circuit.
As described above, the monitoring method of the photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention calculates the inverter string average output value of the unit inverter, calculates and outputs the average connection output value of each connection half string of each of the connection modules, thereby generating a relatively small output value It is possible to grasp the connection board 200 '. Accordingly, the administrator can check and maintain the connection module 200 'having a small output value. In addition, the preliminary alarm is given to the connection unit 200 'having a small output value, and the alarm is followed to allow the administrator to easily know the problem state of the connection unit 200' It is possible to prevent an unnecessary alarm from being issued due to the drop of the output of the inverter. For example, when a cloud passes through some connection units 200 ', the output value of some of the connection units 200' is lowered. However, when the cloud passes, a normal output value is generated. It is determined that a failure has not occurred in some connection units 200 '.
In large-capacity photovoltaic power generation systems, a plurality of unit inverters may be provided, and in general, inverters having the same capacity and rating are selected. However, some inverters may be selected differently from others, It is necessary to judge whether or not each connection module is faulty by comparing the inverter string average output of the inverter with the average output of the connection semi-string of each connection module connected to the unit inverter. On the other hand, if the unit inverters have the same rating, the string average power of the entire solar power generation system may be compared with the string average power added to each connection module to determine whether each connection module is faulty.
Hereinafter, the operation and effect of the monitoring method and apparatus of the solar power generation system according to the present invention will be described.
And generates DC power at the
The detecting
The monitoring method according to the present invention detects an output value of each of the connection modules 200 'input to the inverter and generates a connection output signal for generating a relatively small output value from the other connection modules 200' The administrator can check the connection unit 200 'having a small output value by generating an alarm for the connection unit 200' having a small output value and notifying the administrator of the connection unit 200 '. In addition, the preliminary alarm is given to the connection unit 200 'having a small output value, and the alarm is followed to allow the administrator to easily know the problem state of the connection unit 200' It is possible to prevent the output of the output signal from being deteriorated.
As described above, the present invention measures each DC power of the connection units 200 'input to the input side of the
The present invention excludes the conventional configuration for monitoring the
In addition, since the present invention excludes the conventional configuration for monitoring each
100; A solar cell array unit 200 '; Connection board
500;
700; A
Claims (14)
Calculating input values of the unit inverters by summing the unit output values respectively detected by the connection modules;
Dividing the input value of the unit inverter by the total number of solar cell strings connected to the unit inverter to calculate an inverter string average output value which is an average solar cell string output value of the unit inverter;
Dividing the unit output value detected in each connection module connected to the unit inverter by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection module to calculate a connection semi-string average output value of each connection module;
Comparing each connection semi-string average output value of the connection modules with an inverter string average output value to calculate a deviation value;
When the setting condition is set on the basis of each deviation value of the connection modules, And generating an alarm for the connected half,
The generating of the alarm generates an alarm if the deviation value is a reference value for which a deviation value value obtained by dividing each deviation value of the connection modules by the inverter string average output value is set,
The reference value is set as the first and second reference values. When the first reference value is continuously accumulated for 1 to 10 minutes, which is a short time, the A alarm is generated. If the second reference value is continuously accumulated for 1 to 10 hours B alarm in accordance with the monitoring of the solar power generation system.
Dividing the unit inverter input value by the total number of solar cell strings connected to the unit inverter to calculate an inverter string average output value which is an average solar cell string output value of the unit inverter;
Dividing the unit output value detected in each connection module connected to the unit inverter by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection module to calculate a connection semi-string average output value of each connection module;
Comparing each connection semi-string average output value of the connection modules with an inverter string average output value to calculate a deviation value;
When the setting condition is set on the basis of each deviation value of the connection modules, And generating an alarm for the connected half,
The generating of the alarm generates an alarm if the deviation value is a reference value for which a deviation value value obtained by dividing each deviation value of the connection modules by the inverter string average output value is set,
The reference value is set as the first and second reference values. When the first reference value is continuously accumulated for 1 to 10 minutes, which is a short time, the A alarm is generated. If the second reference value is continuously accumulated for 1 to 10 hours B alarm in accordance with the monitoring of the solar power generation system.
Dividing the unit output value detected in each connection module connected to the unit inverter by the number of solar cell strings incorporated in each connection module to calculate a connection semi-string average output value of each connection module;
Calculating a sample connection half-string average output value by calculating an average value from a string average output value which is a highest value to a connection semi-string average output value which is an arbitrary sequence by arranging the connection half-string average output values in descending order;
Comparing each connection semi-string average output value of the connection modules with a sample connection semi-string average output value to calculate a deviation value;
When the setting condition is set on the basis of each deviation value of the connection modules, And generating an alarm for the connected half,
The alarm generating step generates an alarm when a deviation value obtained by dividing each deviation value of the connection modules by the sample connection half-string average output value corresponds to a reference value that is set and the reference value is maintained for a predetermined time in the state of the reference value,
The reference value is set as the first and second reference values. When the first reference value is continuously accumulated for 1 to 10 minutes, which is a short time, the A alarm is generated. If the second reference value is continuously accumulated for 1 to 10 hours B alarm in accordance with the monitoring of the solar power generation system.
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