KR101575773B1 - Micro convertor device using photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

A micro converter device for a solar module that can reduce the number of microconverter boxes required for a photovoltaic power generation system by converting the core function of the microconverter into a system of chip (SOC) and arranging a dedicated microconverter circuit in one SOC A digital processor for generating a power control signal in accordance with a duty control signal received from a string controller or a maximum power point based duty control signal that follows a voltage and current detected from a solar module in a microconverter device, And an analog processing unit for generating a gate control signal of an external field effect transistor (FET) according to a power control signal generated from the digital processing unit.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a micro converter device for a photovoltaic module,

The present invention relates to a microconverter for a photovoltaic module, and more particularly, to a microconverter for a photovoltaic module. The microconverter has a core function of an SOC (system of chip) And more particularly, to a micro converter device for a photovoltaic module capable of reducing the size of a micro converter box required for a photovoltaic power generation system.

Generally, a photovoltaic power generation system is a system that converts pollution-free and indefinite solar energy directly into electrical energy, and has recently attracted attention as a renewable energy.

The photovoltaic power generation system is equipped with a photovoltaic module (PV module), and the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is performed in the central inverter in order to increase the solar power generation efficiency. There are thousands of solar modules connected to a single inverter. Because the output voltage and current of one solar module is small, the voltage is increased in string units until it is connected to the inverter, and the strings are connected in parallel And the current is increased.

In this case, since the internal solar modules are connected in series, the characteristic of one module is lowered and the current flows to the current value of the module when the current is lower than the other modules. In addition, in a structure in which a plurality of strings are connected in parallel, there arises a problem that the total voltage is lowered to the lowest voltage even when the voltages of the strings do not coincide with each other. These phenomena are not very effective even if the maximum power point tracking is performed in the central inverter.

Here, the characteristics of a specific module inside the string are inevitably degraded due to various characteristics such as shadows, dust, leaves, and degradation between modules.

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a micro converter for performing maximum power point tracking (MPPT) on a module basis has been commercialized.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the current-voltage and power-voltage characteristic curves of the solar module are changed as the solar radiation amount of the sunlight changes.

Therefore, when the shadow is partially shaded inside the string, the current value of the shadow photovoltaic module is decreased according to the characteristic curve, and the current of the entire string is determined based on the lowest current value.

There are usually three submodules (SMs) connected in series inside a photovoltaic module. If one of the submodules is shadowed, the current of the entire photovoltaic module will drop.

2 is a block diagram of a micro converter system in which an MPPT device and a DC / DC converter are installed in a solar module in such a serial structure (cascade method).

Here, reference numeral 10 denotes one photovoltaic module, reference numeral 11 denotes a junction box (J / B), and reference numeral 12 denotes a micro-converter (PMU) corresponding one-to-one with the junction box 11.

The micro-converter 12 receives 100% of the output power of the solar module 10, adjusts the voltage of the solar module to be in the MPP state, and outputs the power to the string. At this time, the microconverter 12 consumes about 2 to 3% of its own energy. Therefore, insertion loss is generated when the solar radiation is high, there is no cloud, and there is no deterioration between the modules, which causes the production power to be lower than when the micro converter is not mounted.

In order to improve such a series structured microconverter, a microconverter device capable of using a cheaper device by processing only an output deviation between solar modules has recently been proposed.

3 is a block diagram of a microconverter device for a solar module that processes only an output deviation and includes a solar module 110, a junction box 120, a microconverter 130, and a string controller 140 do.

The junction box 120 is coupled to the solar module 110 and serves as an interface for outputting the output of the solar module 110 to another solar module or other device. The micro-converter (PMU) 130 varies the current path according to the difference in the production power of the solar module 110 to compensate for the current deviation between the solar modules. The micro-converter 130 is connected in parallel with the solar module 110 and controls a plurality of solar modules. Here, the micro-converter 130 may be formed separately from the junction box 120. [

In the thus configured output deviation processing micro-converter device, the outputs of the solar module 110 are connected in series, and the micro-converter 130 is connected in parallel. This is because, under high sunlight conditions without mismatch between solar modules, the output of the solar module can act as if there is no microconverter, while the microconverter processes only the difference when the production power is different between the modules, Improve the structure problems. That is, all PV modules in the string are emitting the best power under the same conditions, so that if the currents are equal to each other, the microconverter does not process power and enters a shut down mode, Thereby minimizing the loss. In contrast, when there is a difference in the power output between the modules in the string, the microconverters create a new current path and process it.

On the other hand, a conventional technique for a photovoltaic device using a micro converter is disclosed in the following Patent Document 1: Korean Registered Patent Registration No. 10-1245827 (published on March 20, 2013).

In order to improve the energy efficiency and the cost reduction in the solar power generation system field, the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 has a micro inverter converter in each solar module (PV module), and in the micro inverter converter, / Respond to situation factors, perform power / environmental monitoring.

Korean Registered Patent Registration No. 10-1245827 (Announced on March 20, 2013)

However, in the above conventional techniques, a micro converter is used in order to prevent the deterioration of the characteristics of a specific module. In this case, the number of micro converters is increased and the system price is increased.

For example, in the case of a 1 MW large scale solar power plant, about 4000 250W class solar modules are used. This means that 4000 micro converters are needed. Therefore, it can be seen that the microconverter has a very large effect on the system cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a microcomputer, which has a core function of a micro converter as a system of chip (SOC) And to provide a microconverter device for a solar module capable of reducing a microconverter box required for a power generation system.

In order to achieve the above object, a micro-converter device for a solar module according to the present invention is a micro-converter device for controlling power of a solar module in cooperation with a junction box provided in the solar module, A digital processing unit for generating a power control signal in accordance with a duty control signal transmitted from a string controller or a maximum power point based duty control signal following a voltage detected from a solar module, And an analog processor for generating a gate control signal of an external field effect transistor (FET) according to a power control signal generated from the digital processor.

The micro-converter device is characterized in that at least two power controllers including the digital processor and the analog processor are arranged in parallel.

The two or more power controllers are characterized in that the power source and the ground are separated and operate independently.

The digital processing unit may include a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules transmitted from the analog processing unit. A host interface for receiving a duty control signal transmitted from the string controller; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.

The digital processing unit may further include a timer periodically outputting the voltage and current data averaged in the filter, and the host interface unit may transmit the voltage and current data of the solar module periodically transmitted in the timer to the string controller .

The analog processing unit may include an analog / digital (A / D) converter for converting analog voltage and current detected by the solar module into digital voltage and current data; And an FET driver for generating a gate control signal of an external field effect transistor (FET) in accordance with the PWM signal generated in the digital processing unit.

Also, a microconverter device for a solar module according to the present invention includes: a plurality of solar modules connected in series to produce electric power; And a power controller for controlling an output power of the plurality of solar modules, wherein the power controller includes a digital processor and an analog processor, and is characterized in that at least two or more are arranged in parallel.

The two or more power controllers are provided in one micro converter box.

The two or more power controllers are characterized in that the power source and the ground are separated and operate independently.

The digital processing unit may include a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules transmitted from the analog processing unit. The duty control signal transmitted from the string controller includes: a host interface unit for receiving the duty control signal; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.

The digital processing unit may further include a timer periodically outputting the voltage and current data averaged in the filter, and the host interface unit may transmit the voltage and current data of the solar module periodically transmitted in the timer to the string controller .

The analog processing unit may include an analog / digital (A / D) converter for converting analog voltage and current detected by the solar module into digital voltage and current data; And an FET driver for generating a gate control signal of an external field effect transistor (FET) in accordance with the PWM signal generated in the digital processing unit.

Also, a microconverter device for a solar module according to the present invention includes: a plurality of solar modules; And a micro converter for varying a current path according to a difference in production power of the solar module to compensate for a current deviation between the solar modules,

Wherein the micro-converter comprises: a power controller for controlling output power of the plurality of solar modules; A plurality of communication modules for receiving the duty control signal transmitted from the string controller and transmitting the duty control signal to the power controller; And a plurality of current regulators for compensating the current deviation and setting the current path.

The micro-converter includes: a communication module for receiving the duty data transmitted from the string controller; A main controller for generating a duty control signal according to the duty data received from the communication module; A plurality of level shifters for adjusting a level of a duty control signal generated in the main controller; A power controller for controlling the output power of the plurality of solar modules according to the duty controller signal generated in the main controller and the level shifter; And a plurality of current controllers for compensating the current deviation under the control of the power controller and setting the current path.

The power controller includes a digital processor and an analog processor, and is characterized in that at least two of the processors are arranged in parallel.

The two or more power controllers are provided in one micro converter box.

The two or more power controllers are characterized in that the power source and the ground are separated and operate independently.

The digital processing unit may include a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules transmitted from the analog processing unit. Wherein the duty control signal transmitted from the string controller comprises: a host interface unit for receiving the duty control signal; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.

The digital processing unit may further include a timer periodically outputting the voltage and current data averaged in the filter, and the host interface unit may transmit the voltage and current data of the solar module periodically transmitted in the timer to the string controller .

The analog processing unit may include an analog / digital (A / D) converter for converting analog voltage and current detected by the solar module into digital voltage and current data; And an FET driver for generating a gate control signal of an external field effect transistor (FET) in accordance with the PWM signal generated in the digital processing unit.

Also, a micro converter device for a solar module according to the present invention includes a plurality of sub modules connected in series to produce electric power; And a micro converter that varies a current path according to a difference in production power of the sub-module to compensate for a current deviation between the sub-modules,

The micro-converter includes: a communication module for receiving the duty data transmitted from the string controller; A main controller for generating a duty control signal according to the duty data received from the communication module; A power controller for controlling an output power of the plurality of submodules according to a duty control signal generated by the main controller; And a plurality of current controllers for compensating the current deviation under the control of the power controller and setting the current path.

The micro-converter includes: a communication module for receiving the duty data transmitted from the string controller; A main controller for generating a duty control signal according to the duty data received from the communication module; A plurality of level shifters for adjusting a level of a duty control signal generated in the main controller; A power controller for controlling the output power of the plurality of submodules according to the duty controller signal generated in the main controller and the level shifter; And a plurality of current controllers for compensating the current deviation under the control of the power controller and setting the current path.

The power controller includes a digital processor and an analog processor, and is characterized in that at least two of the processors are arranged in parallel.

The two or more power controllers are provided in one micro converter box.

The two or more power controllers are characterized in that the power source and the ground are separated and operate independently.

The digital processing unit may include a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules transmitted from the analog processing unit. Wherein the duty control signal transmitted from the string controller comprises: a host interface unit for receiving the duty control signal; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.

The digital processing unit may further include a timer periodically outputting the voltage and current data averaged in the filter, and the host interface unit may transmit the voltage and current data of the solar module periodically transmitted in the timer to the string controller .

The analog processor may include an analog / digital (A / D) converter for converting the analog signal and the current detected by the solar module into digital voltage and current data; And an FET driver for generating a gate control signal of an external field effect transistor (FET) in accordance with the PWM signal generated in the digital processing unit.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microconverter device for a solar module, comprising: a solar module module in which a plurality of submodules are connected in series to produce electric power; And a microcontroller for controlling an output between submodules according to a difference in production power between the plurality of submodules,

Wherein the micro-converter comprises: a communication and control module for monitoring a plurality of sub-modules; A power controller for controlling the output power of the plurality of submodules according to the voltage and current detected from the submodule; And a plurality of current controllers for controlling the current according to the control of the power controller.

The power controller includes a digital processor and an analog processor, and is characterized in that at least two of the processors are arranged in parallel.

The two or more power controllers are provided in one micro converter box.

The two or more power controllers are characterized in that the power source and the ground are separated and operate independently.

The digital processing unit may include a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules transmitted from the analog processing unit. Wherein the duty control signal transmitted from the string controller comprises: a host interface unit for receiving the duty control signal; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.

The digital processing unit may further include a timer periodically outputting the voltage and current data averaged in the filter, and the host interface unit may transmit the voltage and current data of the solar module periodically transmitted in the timer to the string controller .

The analog processing unit may include an analog / digital (A / D) converter for converting analog voltage and current detected by the solar module into digital voltage and current data; And an FET driver for generating a gate control signal of an external field effect transistor (FET) in accordance with the PWM signal generated in the digital processing unit.

According to the present invention, there is an advantage in that a micro converter box required for a solar power generation system can be reduced by making the core function of the microconverter a system of chip (SOC) and arranging a microconverter exclusive circuit in one SOC .

In addition, the miniaturization of the micro converter box required for the photovoltaic power generation system has the advantage of reducing the construction cost of the entire photovoltaic power generation system.

FIG. 1 is a current-voltage and power-voltage characteristic curve diagram of a general solar module in the case of a change in irradiation dose,
2 is a configuration diagram of a series structure type micro-converter device applied to a conventional solar power generation system,
3 is a configuration diagram of a power deviation processing type micro-converter device applied to a conventional photovoltaic generation system,
4 is a configuration diagram of a microconverter device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a configuration diagram of the embodiment of Fig. 4,
6 is a block diagram of an embodiment in which the microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a series structured microconverter device.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a first embodiment in which a microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a power converter microcomputer. FIG.
8 is a block diagram of a second embodiment in which the microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a power converter microcomputer,
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a first embodiment in which a microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a microconverter unit of a power deviation processing type submodule unit. FIG.
10 is a block diagram of a second embodiment in which a microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a microconverter unit of a power deviation processing submodule unit.
11 is a view showing an embodiment in which the microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a microconverter device of a unit of a serially structured submodule.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a microconverter device for a solar module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

4 is a configuration diagram of a micro-converter device for a solar module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The micro-converter device 200 for a solar module according to the present invention includes first to third power controllers 201 to 203. Here, the first to third power controllers 201 to 203 follow the maximum power point among the configurations of the micro-converters applied to a general solar power generation system, control the duty based on the following maximum power point, Is maintained as a constant SOC.

Here, the internal configurations of the first to third power controllers 201 to 203 are all the same, and the operation is also the same. Therefore, only the first power controller 201 will be described below for convenience of explanation.

Here, the microconverter 200 according to the present invention is described as being composed of three power controllers. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the cost of the solar power generation system designer or the solar power generation system, , It is desirable to determine the number of power controllers. When the number of determined power controllers is plural, it is preferable to arrange them in parallel.

At this time, each of the power controllers separates the power source and the ground G, and operates independently. If the power supply and the ground are separated and operated independently for each power controller, the number of solar modules connected to the actual product can be freely adjusted. For example, when the power controller is used at the maximum, it can be combined with three solar modules, and when two power controllers are used, it becomes possible to couple with two solar modules.

The first power controller 201 includes a first digital processor 210 for generating a power control signal in accordance with a maximum power point based duty control signal or a duty control signal transmitted from the string controller, , Provides the detected voltage from the solar module to the first digital processing unit 210 and generates a gate control signal of the external field effect transistor (FET) according to the power control signal generated from the first digital processing unit 210 And a first analog processing unit 240.

4, reference numeral 220 denotes a second digital processing unit, reference numeral 230 denotes a third digital processing unit, reference numeral 250 denotes a second analog processing unit, and reference numeral 260 denotes a third analog processing unit.

5, the first digital processing unit 210 includes a filter 211 for filtering and detecting the detection voltage v1 and current i1 of the photovoltaic module transmitted from the first analog processing unit 240, ); A host interface (213) for receiving a duty control signal transmitted from the string controller; (PV voltage reference value) by following the maximum power point (MPP) based on the calculated power and calculating the power based on the voltage and current of the photovoltaic module output from the filter 211 A power point follower 214; A duty controller 215 for outputting a duty control signal so that the photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point tracking unit 214 becomes equal to the actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer 216 for selecting one of a duty control signal output from the host interface unit 213 and a duty control signal output from the duty controller 215 according to a mode of the photovoltaic module; A PWM signal generator 217 for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer 216; And a timer 212 for periodically outputting voltage and current data averaged by the filter 211.

The host interface unit 213 transmits the voltage and current data of the photovoltaic module periodically transmitted from the timer 212 to the string controller.

5, the first analog processing unit 240 includes an analog / digital (A / D) converter 241 for converting the analog voltage and current detected by the solar module into digital voltage and current data, ; And an FET driver 242 for generating a gate control signal D, / D of an external field effect transistor (FET) according to the PWM signal generated in the first digital processing unit 210.

The operation of the microconverter device for a solar module according to the present invention will now be described in detail.

First, the microconverter 200 for a solar module according to the present invention can be applied to both a conventional series structured microconverter device and a power deviation processing type microconverter. Therefore, it is necessary to inform the micro-converter 200 of the type of the applied solar module system. To this end, in the present invention, a signal called a mode is used to select a serial structure type as shown in FIG. 2 and a power deviation processing type as shown in FIG. Here, the mode signal may be a signal of "1" in the case of the power deviation processing type and a signal of "0"

When the mode is of the serial structure type, the duty control signal generated internally is used instead of using the externally obtained value (i.e., the value sent from the string controller). That is, the analog-to-digital converter 241 of the first analog processing unit 240 converts the analog voltage Vpv and the current Ipv detected from the solar module into digital voltage data and current data corresponding thereto, 1 < / RTI >

The filter 211 of the first digital processing unit 210 filters and averages transmitted voltage data and current data and supplies the averaged voltage data and current data to the timer 212, the maximum power point follower 214, To the duty controller 215.

The timer 212 regards the inputted voltage data and current data as voltage and current measurement values of the corresponding photovoltaic module and periodically transmits it to the host interface unit 213. The host interface unit 213 transmits the voltage and current data periodically transmitted to the string controller through communication.

In addition, the maximum power point tracking unit 214 calculates the power with the inputted voltage and current, and follows the maximum power point using a maximum power point tracking algorithm such as P & 0 that is commonly used for tracking the maximum power point. And changes the voltage reference value of the photovoltaic module based on the maximum power point that has been followed and transfers it to the duty controller 215.

The duty controller 215 compares the voltage reference value delivered from the maximum power point tracking unit 214 with the voltage value of the solar module and sets the duty value so that the voltage reference value of the solar module becomes equal to the voltage of the actual solar module . Then, the calculated duty value is transferred to the multiplexer 216 by the duty control signal Duty2.

At this time, since the serial structured mode selection signal is input as the mode signal to the multiplexer 216, the duty control signal output from the duty controller 215 is selected and transmitted to the PWM signal generator 217. The PWM signal generator 217 generates a PWM signal corresponding to the duty control signal to be transmitted to the FET driver 242 of the first analog processor 240. The FET driver 242 thus generates a gate drive signal for controlling the gate of the external FET switch to control the external FET switch, thereby adjusting the voltage of the solar module. Here, the adjustment of the photovoltaic module is the same as that of the microconverter applied to the existing photovoltaic power generation system, and therefore, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, when the mode is the power deviation processing type, the duty control value transmitted from the external string controller is used as it is without generating the duty control signal internally. That is, the duty value received from the host interface unit 213 is transmitted to the multiplexer 216.

At this time, since the power deviation processing mode selection signal is input as the mode signal to the multiplexer 216, the duty control signal transmitted from the host interface 213 is selected and transmitted to the PWM signal generator 217. The PWM signal generator 217 generates a PWM signal corresponding to the duty control signal to be transmitted to the FET driver 242 of the first analog processor 240. The FET driver 242 thus generates a gate drive signal for controlling the gate of the external FET switch to control the external FET switch, thereby adjusting the voltage of the solar module. Here, the adjustment of the photovoltaic module is the same as that of the microconverter applied to the existing photovoltaic power generation system, and therefore, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

6 is a block diagram of an embodiment in which the microconverter 200 according to the present invention is applied to a series structured microconverter device.

A plurality of solar modules (PV1, PV2, PV2) connected in series to produce electric power; And a microcontroller (150) including a power controller (200) for controlling the output power of the plurality of solar modules.

The micro-converter 150 includes at least two power controllers each including a digital processor and an analog processor. And the two or more power controllers are provided in one micro-converter box. At this time, the power source and the ground are separated and operated independently as described above.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 210 denotes a first digital processing unit, 220 a second digital processing unit, 230 a third digital processing unit, 240 a first analog processing unit, 250 a second analog processing unit, and 260 a third analog processing unit. Reference numerals 271 to 273 denote voltage adjusting portions, respectively. The configuration and operation of the first to third digital processing units 210 to 230 and the first to third analog processing units 240 to 260 are the same as those of the configuration and operation of FIG. It will be omitted in order to avoid explanations.

The microconverter device as shown in FIG. 6 has three power controllers acting as microconverters in one microconverter 150, and can manage three solar modules. Therefore, the number of micro-converter boxes can be reduced to 1/3 in the configuration of the photovoltaic power generation system, thereby reducing the overall price of the photovoltaic power generation system.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a first embodiment in which a microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a power converter microcomputer.

When a microconverter as shown in FIG. 4 is applied to a power converter microcomputer, a microconverter device for a solar module includes a plurality of solar modules 310 to 330, a plurality of solar modules 310 to 330, And a micro converter 400 that varies the current path according to the difference of the currents to compensate the current deviation between the solar modules.

At this time, the micro-converter 400 includes a power controller 200 for controlling the output power of the plurality of solar modules 310 to 330; A plurality of communication modules (410 to 430) for receiving the duty control signal transmitted from the string controller and transmitting the duty control signal to the power controller (200); And a plurality of current regulators 440 to 460 for compensating the current deviation and setting the current path.

Also in this case, the power controller 200 is configured by arranging at least two power controllers including one digital processor and one analog processor in parallel. The two or more power controllers are provided in one micro-converter box, and each of the power controllers operates independently of the power source and the ground.

In FIG. 7, reference numeral 210 denotes a first digital processing unit, 220 a second digital processing unit, 230 a third digital processing unit, 240 a first analog processing unit, 250 a second analog processing unit, and 260 a third analog processing unit. Reference numerals 440 to 460 denote voltage regulators, respectively. The configuration and operation of the first to third digital processing units 210 to 230 and the first to third analog processing units 240 to 260 are the same as those of the configuration and operation of FIG. It will be omitted in order to avoid explanations.

When the microconverter configured as described above is applied to the power converter microcomputer, the duty control value for adjusting the voltage of the solar module is received from the string controller through the first to third communication modules 410 to 430. The power controller 200 uses the duty control value generated based on the duty control value received through the first to third communication modules 410 to 430 or the voltage and current values detected from the internal photovoltaic module The voltage of the solar module is adjusted.

For example, the first to third current regulators 440 to 460 compensate for the current deviation under the control of the power controller 200 and set the current path to adjust the current.

)를 구비하고, 입력되는 제어데이터에 대응하게 상기 스위치(d1,

)를 제어하여, 태양광 모듈의 전압을 조정하게 된다.That is, one current regulator 440 includes an inductor L for current deviation compensation, switches d1 and d2 provided at one end of the inductor L for setting a current path,

), And the switches d1, d2 corresponding to input control data,

To control the voltage of the solar module.

7 is a structure in which one micro-converter box can control four solar modules. Therefore, the number of micro-converter boxes can be reduced to 1/4 in the configuration of the photovoltaic power generation system, so that the total price of the photovoltaic power generation system can be further reduced.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a second embodiment in which the microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a power converter microcomputer.

When a microconverter as shown in FIG. 4 is applied to a power converter microcomputer, a microconverter device for a solar module includes a plurality of solar modules 310 to 330, a plurality of solar modules 310 to 330, And a micro converter 500 that varies the current path according to the difference of the currents to compensate the current deviation between the solar modules.

At this time, the micro-converter 500 includes a communication module 510 for receiving the duty data transmitted from the string controller; A main controller 520 for generating a duty control signal according to the duty data received from the communication module 510; A plurality of level shifters 530 and 540 for adjusting the level of the duty control signal generated by the main controller 520; A power controller 200 for controlling the output power of the plurality of solar modules 310 to 330 according to a duty control signal generated by the main controller 520 and the level shifters 530 and 540; And a plurality of current regulators 550 to 570 for compensating the current deviation under the control of the power controller 200 and setting the current path.

Also in this case, the power controller 200 is configured by arranging at least two power controllers including one digital processor and one analog processor in parallel. The two or more power controllers are provided in one micro-converter box, and each of the power controllers operates independently of the power source and the ground.

In FIG. 8, reference numeral 210 denotes a first digital processing unit, 220 a second digital processing unit, 230 a third digital processing unit, 240 a first analog processing unit, 250 a second analog processing unit, and 260 a third analog processing unit. The configuration and operation of the first to third digital processing units 210 to 230 and the first to third analog processing units 240 to 260 are the same as those of the configuration and operation of FIG. It will be omitted in order to avoid explanations.

When the microconverter configured as described above is applied to the micro-converter of the power deviation type, the duty control value for adjusting the voltage of the solar module is received from the string controller through the communication module 510.

The main controller 520 transmits the duty control signal to the power controller 200 according to the duty control value received from the communication module 510. At this time, since the power controller 200 is composed of three power controllers, one power controller uses the duty control signals Cd3, v3, and i3 output from the main controller 520. [ The remaining power controllers are controlled by the duty control signals Cd2, v2 and i2 synchronizing the level of the duty control signal outputted from the main controller 520 in the first level fabricator 530 and the duty control signals Cd2, The duty control signals Cd1, v1, and i1 that synchronize levels with the duty control signals output from the main controller 520 are used.

Thereafter, the first to third current regulators 550 to 570 compensate for the current deviation under the control of the power controller 200, and set the current path to adjust the current.

)를 구비하고, 입력되는 제어데이터에 대응하게 상기 스위치(d1,

)를 제어하여, 태양광 모듈의 전압을 조정하게 된다.That is, one current regulator 550 includes an inductor L for current deviation compensation, switches d1 and d2 provided at one end of the inductor L to set a current path,

), And the switches d1, d2 corresponding to input control data,

To control the voltage of the solar module.

8 is a structure in which one micro-converter box can control four solar modules. Therefore, the number of micro-converter boxes can be reduced to 1/4 in the configuration of the photovoltaic power generation system, so that the total price of the photovoltaic power generation system can be further reduced.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a first embodiment in which the microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a microconverter unit of a submodule unit.

9, in the first embodiment in which the microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a microconverter unit of a submodule unit, a plurality of submodules 610 to 630 included in one solar module are connected And the microcomputer 600 varies the current path according to the difference in the production power of the submodules 610 to 630 to compensate for the current deviation between the solar modules.

In this case, the micro-converter 600 includes a communication module 610 for receiving the duty data transmitted from the string controller; A main controller 620 for generating a duty control signal according to the duty data received from the communication module 610; A power controller 200 for controlling the output power of the plurality of submodules 610 to 630 according to a duty control signal generated by the main controller 620; And a plurality of current regulators 630 and 640 for compensating the current deviation under the control of the power controller 200 and setting the current path.

Also in this case, the power controller 200 is configured by arranging at least two power controllers including one digital processor and one analog processor in parallel. The two or more power controllers are provided in one micro-converter box, and each of the power controllers operates independently of the power source and the ground.

In FIG. 9, reference numeral 210 denotes a first digital processing unit, 220 a second digital processing unit, 230 a third digital processing unit, 240 a first analog processing unit, 250 a second analog processing unit, and 260 a third analog processing unit. The configuration and operation of the first to third digital processing units 210 to 230 and the first to third analog processing units 240 to 260 are the same as those of the configuration and operation of FIG. It will be omitted in order to avoid explanations.

When the microconverter configured as described above is applied to the sub module of the power deviation type micro converter, the duty control value for adjusting the voltage of the solar module is received from the string controller through the communication module 610.

The main controller 620 transmits a duty control signal to the power controller 200 according to the duty control values Cdr, Cdl, v3, i3, v2, and i2 received from the communication module 610. At this time, the power controller 200 is composed of three power controllers, and only two power controllers are operated to control the duty of the three sub modules 610 to 630.

Thereafter, the first and second current regulators 630 and 640 compensate the current deviation according to the control of the power controller 200, and set the current path to adjust the current.

)를 구비하고, 입력되는 제어데이터에 대응하게 상기 스위치(d1,

)를 제어하여, 태양광 모듈의 전압을 조정하게 된다.That is, one current regulator 630 includes an inductor L for current deviation compensation, switches d1 and d2 provided at one end of the inductor L for setting a current path,

), And the switches d1, d2 corresponding to input control data,

To control the voltage of the solar module.

Most of the solar modules are internally connected with three sub modules in series, so that a micro converter can be mounted on a sub module basis.

Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a case in which two power deviation microcomputers are internally located between three submodules, and a controller acting as a string controller is internally as if it is a cascade type microconverter from the outside And is a hybrid structure that operates. In this case, the power controller uses only two of the three internal power deviation processing modules.

10 is a block diagram of a second embodiment in which the microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a microconverter unit of a submodule unit.

10, in the second embodiment in which the microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a microconverter unit of a submodule unit, a plurality of submodules 610 to 630 included in one solar module are connected And the microconverter 700 varies the current path according to the difference in the production power of the submodules 610 to 630 to compensate the current deviation between the solar modules.

In this case, the micro-converter 700 includes a communication module 710 for receiving the duty data transmitted from the string controller; A main controller 720 for generating a duty control signal according to the duty data received from the communication module 710; A plurality of level shifters 730 and 740 for adjusting the level of a duty control signal generated in the main controller 720; A power controller 200 for controlling output powers of the plurality of submodules according to the duty control signals generated by the main controller 720 and the level shifters 730 and 740; And a plurality of current regulators 750 to 770 for compensating the current deviation under the control of the power controller 2000 and setting the current path.

Also in this case, the power controller 200 is configured by arranging at least two power controllers including one digital processor and one analog processor in parallel. The two or more power controllers are provided in one micro-converter box, and each of the power controllers operates independently of the power source and the ground.

In FIG. 10, reference numeral 210 denotes a first digital processing unit, 220 a second digital processing unit, 230 a third digital processing unit, 240 a first analog processing unit, 250 a second analog processing unit, and 260 a third analog processing unit. The configuration and operation of the first to third digital processing units 210 to 230 and the first to third analog processing units 240 to 260 are the same as those of the configuration and operation of FIG. It will be omitted in order to avoid explanations.

When the microconverter configured as described above is applied to the submodule of the power deviation type microcontroller, the duty control value for adjusting the voltage of the solar module is received from the string controller through the communication module 710.

The main controller 720 outputs the duty control values Cd1, v1, and i1 received from the communication module 710 to the power controller 200. [ At this time, since the power controller 200 is composed of three power controllers, one power controller uses the duty control signals Cd1, v1, and i1 output from the main controller 720. [ The remaining power controller includes duty control signals Cd2, v2, and i2 synchronized with the duty control signal output from the main controller 720 in the first level shifter 730 and the second level shifter 740, The duty control signals Cd1, v1, and i1 that synchronize levels with the duty control signals output from the main controller 720 are used.

Thereafter, the first to third current regulators 750 to 770 compensate the current deviation according to the control of the power controller 200 and set the current path to adjust the current.

)를 구비하고, 입력되는 제어데이터에 대응하게 상기 스위치(d1,

)를 제어하여, 태양광 모듈의 전압을 조정하게 된다.That is, one current regulator 750 includes an inductor L for current deviation compensation, switches d1 and d2 provided at one end of the inductor L for setting a current path,

), And the switches d1, d2 corresponding to input control data,

To control the voltage of the solar module.

Most of the solar modules are internally connected with three sub modules in series, so that a micro converter can be mounted on a sub module basis.

11 is a block diagram of an embodiment in which the microconverter according to the present invention is applied to a microconverter unit of a unit of a serially structured submodule.

As shown in FIG. 11, the present invention in which a microconverter is applied to a microconverter device of a serially structured submodule unit includes a plurality of submodules 610 to 630 connected in series to produce electric power; And a micro-converter 800 for controlling output between the sub-modules according to a difference in production power between the plurality of sub-modules 610 to 630.

The micro-converter 800 includes a communication and control module 810 for monitoring sub-modules; A power controller (200) for controlling output powers of the plurality of submodules in accordance with voltages and currents detected from a plurality of submodules; And a plurality of current controllers 271 to 273 for controlling the current according to the control of the power controller 200.

Also in this case, the power controller 200 is configured by arranging at least two power controllers including one digital processor and one analog processor in parallel. The two or more power controllers are provided in one micro-converter box, and each of the power controllers operates independently of the power source and the ground.

In FIG. 11, reference numeral 210 denotes a first digital processing unit, 220 a second digital processing unit, 230 a third digital processing unit, 240 a first analog processing unit, 250 a second analog processing unit, and 260 a third analog processing unit. The configuration and operation of the first to third digital processing units 210 to 230 and the first to third analog processing units 240 to 260 are the same as those of the configuration and operation of FIG. It will be omitted in order to avoid explanations.

When the microconverter configured as described above is applied to the submodule of the serial structured micro-converter, the power controller 200 detects the output voltage and current of the plurality of submodules 610 to 630 to calculate the power, And calculates a duty control value for control.

Then, the first to third current controllers 271 to 273 are controlled based on the calculated duty control values.

Accordingly, the first to third current regulators 271 to 273 compensate for the current deviation under the control of the power controller 200 and set the current path to adjust the current.

)를 구비하고, 입력되는 제어데이터에 대응하게 상기 스위치(d1,

)를 제어하여, 서브 모듈의 전압을 조정하게 된다.That is, one current regulating unit 271 includes an inductor L for compensating for current deviation, switches d1 and d2 provided at one end of the inductor L for setting a current path,

), And the switches d1, d2 corresponding to input control data,

) To control the voltage of the sub-module.

This invention sets and uses the power controller in a serial structured mode. That is, a microcomputer of a boost type in units of submodules is implemented. Each boost converter operates independently.

Here, for external monitoring, the communication and control module 810 detects the voltage and current of the plurality of submodules, generates a status value of the submodule based on the voltage and current, and transmits the monitoring data to the outside.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

The present invention is applied to a solar power generation system. Especially, the main configuration of the microconverter for adjusting the voltage of the solar module is configured by SOC, and a plurality of power controllers are implemented in one SOC to be applied to the photovoltaic power generation system for minimizing the number of microconverter boxes .

200: micro converter
201 to 203: First to third power controllers
201 to 230: First to third digital processing sections
240 to 260: First to third analog processing units
211: Filter
212: Timer
213: Host interface machine
214: maximum power point tracking unit
215: duty controller
216: Multiplexer
217: PWM signal generator
241: Analog-to-digital converter
242: FET driver

Claims (22)

A micro-converter device for controlling power of a solar module in cooperation with a junction box provided in the solar module,
The micro converter device includes a digital processing unit for generating a power control signal in accordance with a maximum power point-based duty control signal or a duty control signal transmitted from a string controller, which is followed by a voltage and a current detected from a solar module, And an analog processor for providing a voltage detected from the module and for generating a gate control signal of an external field effect transistor (FET) according to a power control signal generated from the digital processor,
Wherein at least two of the power controllers are arranged in parallel, and at least two power controllers are independently operated from a power source and a ground, respectively, in the micro-converter device.
delete The micro-converter device for a solar module according to claim 1, wherein the at least two power controllers are provided in one micro-converter box.
delete [2] The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the digital processing unit comprises: a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules transmitted from the analog processing unit; A host interface for receiving a duty control signal transmitted from the string controller; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.
A plurality of solar modules connected in series to produce electric power;
And a power controller for controlling output power of the plurality of solar modules,
The power controller includes a digital processor and an analog processor, wherein at least two are arranged in parallel,
Wherein the at least two power controllers are provided in a single micro-converter box, and each of the power controllers has a separate power source and ground and operates independently.
delete [7] The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the digital processing unit comprises: a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules delivered from the analog processing unit; The duty control signal transmitted from the string controller includes: a host interface unit for receiving the duty control signal; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.
A plurality of solar modules;
And a micro converter for varying a current path according to a difference in production power of the solar module to compensate for a current deviation between the solar modules,
Wherein the micro-converter comprises: a power controller for controlling output power of the plurality of solar modules; A plurality of communication modules for receiving the duty control signal transmitted from the string controller and transmitting the duty control signal to the power controller; And a plurality of current regulators for compensating the current deviation and setting the current path.
A plurality of solar modules;
And a micro converter for varying a current path according to a difference in production power of the solar module to compensate for a current deviation between the solar modules,
The micro-converter includes: a communication module for receiving the duty data transmitted from the string controller; A main controller for generating a duty control signal according to the duty data received from the communication module; A plurality of level shifters for adjusting a level of a duty control signal generated in the main controller; A power controller for controlling the output power of the plurality of solar modules according to the duty controller signal generated in the main controller and the level shifter; And a plurality of current regulators for compensating for a current deviation and setting a current path under the control of the power controller.
The method according to claim 9 or 10,
Wherein the power controller comprises a digital processing unit and an analog processing unit, wherein at least two of the power control units are arranged in parallel and are provided in one micro-converter box.
12. The micro-converter device for a solar module according to claim 11, wherein the two or more power controllers are independently operated from a power source and a ground.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the digital processing unit comprises: a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules delivered from the analog processing unit; The duty control signal transmitted from the string controller includes: a host interface unit for receiving the duty control signal; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.
A plurality of sub-modules connected in series to produce power;
And a micro converter that varies a current path according to a difference in production power of the sub-module to compensate for a current deviation between the sub-modules,
The micro-converter includes: a communication module for receiving the duty data transmitted from the string controller; A main controller for generating a duty control signal according to the duty data received from the communication module; A power controller for controlling an output power of the plurality of submodules according to a duty control signal generated by the main controller; And a plurality of current regulators for compensating for a current deviation and setting a current path under the control of the power controller.
A plurality of sub-modules connected in series to produce power;
And a micro converter that varies a current path according to a difference in production power of the sub-module to compensate for a current deviation between the sub-modules,
The micro-converter includes: a communication module for receiving the duty data transmitted from the string controller; A main controller for generating a duty control signal according to the duty data received from the communication module; A plurality of level shifters for adjusting a level of a duty control signal generated in the main controller; A power controller for controlling the output power of the plurality of submodules according to the duty controller signal generated in the main controller and the level shifter; And a plurality of current regulators for compensating for a current deviation and setting a current path under the control of the power controller.
The micro-converter device for a solar module according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the power controller includes a digital processing unit and an analog processing unit, and is arranged in at least two or more in parallel and is provided in one micro-converter box.
17. The micro-converter device for a solar module according to claim 16, wherein the at least two power controllers are independently operated from a power source and a ground.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the digital processing unit comprises: a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules delivered from the analog processing unit; The duty control signal transmitted from the string controller includes: a host interface unit for receiving the duty control signal; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.
A plurality of sub-modules connected in series to produce power;
And a microcontroller for controlling an output between submodules according to a difference in production power between the plurality of submodules,
Wherein the micro-converter comprises: a communication and control module for monitoring a plurality of sub-modules; A power controller for controlling the output power of the plurality of submodules according to the voltage and current detected from the submodule; And a plurality of current controllers for controlling current according to the control of the power controller.
The micro-converter device for a solar module according to claim 19, wherein the power controller includes a digital processing unit and an analog processing unit, and is arranged in at least two or more in parallel, and is provided in one micro-converter box.
21. The micro-converter device for a solar module according to claim 20, wherein the at least two power controllers are independently operated from a power source and a ground.
21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the digital processing unit comprises: a filter for filtering and averaging detection voltages and currents of the photovoltaic modules delivered from the analog processing unit; The duty control signal transmitted from the string controller includes: a host interface unit for receiving the duty control signal; A maximum power point tracking unit for calculating power based on the voltage and current of the solar module output from the filter and generating a solar module voltage reference value by following the calculated maximum power point; A duty controller for outputting a duty control signal so that a photovoltaic module voltage reference value generated from the maximum power point follower becomes equal to an actual photovoltaic module voltage; A multiplexer for selectively outputting a duty control signal output from the host interface unit and a duty control signal output from the duty controller according to a mode of the solar module; And a PWM signal generator for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal in accordance with the duty control signal output from the multiplexer.

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