KR101449689B1 - Sludge drying apparatus by low electric power - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bulking sludge drying apparatus of low electric power using UHF microwaves which heats bulking sludge (usually a lot of moisture is contained in mud) by 100°C to evaporate the moisture by evaporation heat, and thus minimize the power consumption. The bulking sludge drying apparatus of low electric power includes: a phase sync unit for detecting a phase difference between an input signal and an output signal to control a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) or a circuit loop and to output a synchronized sinusoidal signal; an amplification unit for amplifying the sinusoidal signal outputted from the phase sync unit; an antenna unit having a surface area less than 1/2 of a hemisphere and provided in a transfer zone of the bulking sludge to intensively radiate the sinusoidal signal; a control unit for inputting a preset signal to the phase sync unit to obtain a wanted output, and collecting an operation state; and a power supply unit for supplying driving power to the phase sync unit, the amplification unit, and the control unit. Since the antenna unit having the surface area less than 1/2 of the hemisphere is provided in the transfer zone of the bulking sludge to intensively radiate the sinusoidal signal, quick drying of the bulking sludge to be dried is induced, and the output efficiency to the input is increased, thereby reducing the power consumption and thus increasing the energy efficiency. Also, since the sinusoidal signal is outputted, it is possible to prevent the kinetic energy in dipolar polarization from being decreased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a low-power constant-rate sludge drier,

The present invention relates to a low-power constant-rate sludge drying apparatus, and more particularly, to a system for drying low-power constant-rate sludge, which is capable of minimizing power consumption during heating of water sludge , A low power constant sludge drying apparatus using a UHF microwave amplifier.

Generally, a sludge means a sediment which is generated in a sewage treatment or water purification process.

As Korea entered the 1990s, the water quality problems in each region deteriorated, the sewage treatment plant has been maintained. In the beginning, a large sewage treatment plant based on large cities has been constructed. However, recently, Small- and medium-sized sewage treatment plants are being constructed to increase sewage treatment rates in rural and rural areas.

The total sewage treatment plant in Korea is 172 as of 2000. The sewage supply ratio is 70.5%, the annual sewage is 15,771,000 tons, the sludge is 0.303kg as dehydrated cake for 1㎥ of sewage, Tons.

Sludge is divided into water, sewage and wastewater sludge. Most of the sludge is due to biological treatment, and wastewater sludge is mixed with sludge by biological and chemical treatment. 290,000 tons of purified water sludge, 1593,000 tons of sewage sludge, 191,000 tons of sewage sludge, and 3.81 million tons of total sludge, resulting in 10,438 tons per day.

The above-mentioned purified sludge and sewage sludge depend on the landfill and discharge to the sea, and the amount of waste sludge recycled by the incinerator and recycler by the intermediate processing company is high. Some wastewater sludge requires a lot of effort to manage the mixture of various substances (especially heavy metals) that are undesirable for the environment, and sludge mixed with heavy metals is classified as designated waste requiring special management, Or by thermal treatment.

By recycling water sludge to produce artificial soil with low specific gravity, it is possible to reduce the total cost of landfilling the sludge in the ground or to dump it in the ocean, and to reduce the environmental impacts such as river and groundwater and marine pollution caused by water sludge It has the effect of preventing pollution, and it has the effect of absorbing the inorganic and organic fertilizer components in the artificial soil, so that the fertilizer component absorbed in the soil similar condition is contained in the artificial soil for a long time and the weakly alkaline By producing artificial soil fertilizer, it is possible to promote the growth of plants by lowering the number of fertilization according to the growth rate of plants, and it is possible to prevent the drying and acidification of the soil and prevent secondary pollution of the water There is an effect that can be.

As described above, in order to recycle the water sludge to prevent marine and environmental pollution, the drying process of the sludge is required, and the drying process is performed through the industrial drying furnace.

  The energy of the industrial dry furnace used in Korea occupies a large amount of power which exceeds 57% of the industrial power supply. This is because the efficiency varies greatly from about 15% to 80% depending on the type of the heating apparatus, so that the energy that is wasted is also large.

Therefore, it can be said that the indicator of energy saving is the development and diffusion of the heating apparatus with high efficiency. In recent years, heating furnaces or heat treatment furnaces using fossil fuels have been gradually reduced because of not only energy conservation but also environmental pollution regulations. They are used only in special cases or inevitable. High efficiency, automation, productivity improvement, Demand for devices is on the rise.

Like mud sludge, it takes a lot of energy to evaporate water after raising the water to 100 ℃ in a form in which the mud is fading. As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional method related to the method of evaporating water by the vaporization heat is as follows. As shown in FIG. 1, from the center of the load due to the dipole molecular motion friction heat (dielectric heating, And a method in which the microwave oven is heated. In the latter case, it is also called a microwave oven.

As shown in FIG. 2, the conventional microwave-type type sludge dryer requires several electronic rags to be dried using a conveyor belt while being stopped for a few minutes to several tens of minutes for a short period of time , It takes a lot of drying time, and power consumption is also increased. Further, in the conventional microwave oven type sludge dryer, the ratio of the output to the power consumption is about 1: 1. In general, the household microwave oven is 1kW ~ 1.5kW, so the power consumption is 1kW ~ 1.5kW. Therefore, since 23 kVA is input to the 23 kW output, energy efficiency due to drying is low.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the waveform is not a sinusoidal wave but a quadrature wave, so that the kinetic energy of dipole polarization is reduced.

In addition to the above conventional conventional sludge drying apparatus, the prior literature is as follows and has the above-mentioned problems although there is a difference in degree.

Document 1: Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-0017198 (Drying and firing apparatus for water and wastewater sludge filed on August 29, 2000)

Document 2: Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2010-0110700 (Sludge Drying Device; filed on Apr. 23, 2009)

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a UHF microwave oven which is capable of minimizing power consumption in the process of heating water to a temperature of 100 ° C. by heating a constant amount of sludge And to provide a low-power, constant-volume sludge drying apparatus using an amplifier.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a phase locked loop (PLL) comprising: a phase synchronization unit detecting a phase difference between an input signal and an output signal to control a loop of a VCO or a circuit and outputting a synchronized sinusoidal signal; An amplifying unit for amplifying a sinusoidal signal output from the phase synchronization unit; An antenna unit having a surface area of 1/2 or less of the hemispherical shape so as to concentrate and copy the sinusoidal signals input from the amplification unit, A controller for inputting a preset signal to the phase synchronization unit so as to obtain a desired output, and collecting and outputting an operation state; And a power supply unit for supplying driving power to the phase synchronization unit, the amplification unit, and the control unit.

According to the present invention, there is provided an antenna unit having a surface area of 1/2 or less of the hemispherical shape in the transporting section of the constant-volume sludge, Thereby increasing the output efficiency relative to the input, thereby reducing the power consumption and increasing the energy efficiency.

In addition, the present invention produces a sinusoidal wave, not a square wave, as in the case of a conventional microwave drying apparatus, thereby preventing the dipole kinetic energy from decreasing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram showing the principle of a microwave oven; Fig.
2 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional sludge drying apparatus.
3 is a waveform diagram showing a microwave of a conventional sludge dryer.
4 is a block diagram showing a configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a block diagram more specifically showing a configuration of a phase synchronization unit of a configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a schematic view showing an installation example according to an embodiment of the present invention;

The present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, the low-power-consumption water sludge drying apparatus 10 according to the present invention detects a phase difference between an input signal and an output signal, and detects the phase difference between the input signal and the output signal to generate a VCO (oscillator for changing frequency by voltage) (12) for amplifying a sinusoidal wave signal output from the phase synchronizing unit (11), and an amplifier unit (12) for amplifying a sinusoidal wave signal output from the phase synchronization unit (11) The antenna unit 13 has a surface area of 1/2 or less of the hemispherical shape so as to concentrate the sinusoidal signals input from the antenna 12 and is provided in the transfer section of the constant sludge. A control unit 14 for setting the input to the phase synchronizing unit 11 and collecting and outputting an operating state and a power supply unit for supplying driving power to the phase synchronizing unit 11, the amplifying unit 12, 15); Books can be.

Here, the phase synchronization unit 11 of the present invention is a phase synchronization circuit for outputting a specific frequency according to an input voltage. As shown in FIG. 5, the phase synchronization unit 11 outputs a predetermined oscillation frequency signal set in advance to an externally applied voltage A voltage controlled oscillator 11a for dividing a frequency signal inputted from the voltage controlled oscillator 11 so that the frequency signal can be counted and outputting the frequency signal at a predetermined ratio, A temperature compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) 11c for maintaining a desired output frequency irrespective of the output frequency of the temperature compensated crystal oscillator 11c and an output frequency divided by the frequency divider 11b A phase detector 11d (P / D (Phase Detector)) for outputting a pulse string corresponding to the difference between the pulse widths outputted from the phase detector 11d, A charge pump 11e (C / P (Charge Pump) for boosting or reducing the current according to a pulse code), a noise generated during operation is removed, and a voltage controlled oscillator 11a And a low-pass filter 11f (LooP Filter) for varying the voltage of the regulating terminal.

Meanwhile, the amplifying unit 12 of the present invention may be an amplifying circuit including a negative resistance to amplify an output side signal in comparison with an input side signal.

In the meantime, the antenna unit 13 of the present invention may include a parabolic antenna.

The controller 14 includes input means such as a keyboard including a touch screen for setting a preset signal in advance for outputting a desired frequency, a monitor for collecting and outputting an operating state, a spectrum analyzer, , Which may be a separate dedicated control device including a PC or a microprocessor with embedded software for processing input and output.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, the power supply unit 15 may be an AC-DC power supply unit that converts the used power into the rated power of each unit.

In the meantime, the conveying section of the constant sludge in the present invention may be a conveyor belt provided in the chamber, a planar rotating body, or a path and space for supplying and discharging the constant sludge, which is required to be sequentially dried.

Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment.

First, the present invention relates to a phase synchronization unit (PLL) 11 for detecting a phase difference between an input signal and an output signal and controlling a loop of a VCO or an oscillator for changing a frequency by a voltage and outputting a synchronized sinusoidal signal, (12) for amplifying a sinusoidal signal output from the phase synchronizing unit (11), and a control unit (12) for concentrating and copying the sinusoidal signal input from the amplifying unit (12) (11) for setting a preset signal to the phase synchronizing unit (11) so that a desired output can be obtained, and for collecting and outputting an operating state, the antenna unit And a power supply unit 15 for supplying driving power to the phase synchronization unit 11, the amplification unit 12, and the control unit 14. [

The phase synchronization unit 11 includes a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 11a for outputting a predetermined oscillation frequency signal set in advance with an externally applied voltage, a voltage controlled oscillator A temperature compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) 11c for maintaining a desired output frequency irrespective of an external temperature condition, a frequency divider 11b for dividing the frequency- A phase detector 11d for comparing a reference frequency of the temperature compensated crystal oscillator 11c with an output frequency divided through the frequency divider 11b and outputting a pulse string corresponding to the difference; A charge pump 11e (C / P (Charge Pump)) for boosting or reducing the current proportional to the pulse width output from the phase detector 11d in accordance with a pulse code; And a low-pass filter 11f (LooP Filter) for varying the voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator 11a control terminal through a change in the amount of charge accumulated by using a capacitor.

The voltage-controlled oscillator 11a of the present invention changes the resonance frequency by adjusting the capacitance of the varactor diode. The resonant circuit can be composed of an LC circuit, in which the capacitance of the collector diode is connected in parallel to the C component, so that the total resonance frequency is influenced by the capacitance of the collector diode as well as the LC.

At this time, the phase detector 11d receives the reference frequency of the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator 11c and the frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator 11a to determine the phase difference therebetween, and generates a voltage corresponding to the phase difference. Since the frequency outputted from the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator 11c is a low frequency and the frequency outputted from the voltage-controlled oscillator 11a is a high frequency, the frequency divider 11b is required.

The frequency is once made to the same frequency as the reference frequency through the frequency divider 11b and then the phase is discriminated. At this time, since the output characteristic of the phase detector 11d has a periodicity, a linear operation is performed for one period. The slope, that is, the ratio of the output voltage to the phase difference is referred to as the gain of the phase detector 11d. At this time, the voltage generated by the phase detector 11d is input to the low-pass filter 11f and only the DC component is applied to the control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator 11a.

In addition, the amplification unit 12 has a negative resistance and literally performs an amplification function. The buffer stage uses a butter TR that reduces external interference and performs an amplification function. At this time, the signal amplification principle of the amplifying unit 12 is an enlarged copy. The input signal does not directly increase in size while passing through the TR, but the signal change shape of the input is enlarged and copied to the output terminal as shown in FIG.

[Figure 1]

DC power supplies the voltage and current to the input and output of the TR, respectively, and the output stage has a much larger current flow than the input. Thus, the input side of the TR and the output current share an aspect of the change, and when a small RF signal is input to the input, the input side is very sensitive to the input. Therefore, even if a small signal is applied to the input side, it is enlarged to several tens times on the output side.

At this time, the method of increasing the gain and increasing the output voltage are shown in Fig. 2 below.

[Figure 2]

The amplified frequency signal is input to the antenna 13. In the present invention, the final stage is applied with an antenna of 26 to 30 dBi in order to reduce the power consumption.

The gain of the antenna unit 13 indicates how much radio waves are radiated in a desired direction, and the radius of the circular sphere indicates the intensity of radio waves radiated by the antenna.

The square of the wave amplitude is a property of propagation through the unit area. In the antenna of the present invention, the wave direction is expressed not by the amplitude directivity but by the power directivity representing the square.

When the radiation power of the entire antenna is PX 4πR ² / sec, the hemispherical directional antenna becomes half of the total surface area as compared with the power directivity of the omnidirectional antenna composed of a circular sphere, and the power passing through this area and the unit area is 2p Is equal to the omni-directional antenna, and the gain is twice that of the omni-directional antenna.

Antenna having a surface area of 1/4, that is, a half of the surface area of a hemispherical antenna, has a power of four times that of a non-directional antenna, compared with a non-directional antenna of the present invention, do. (See Figure 3 below)

[Figure 3]

In the present invention, it is possible to obtain an output ranging from 1 KW to 200 KW by receiving a maximum of 100 to 200 W by applying a parabolic antenna.

The power consumption of the present invention is as shown in the following table.

As shown in FIG. 6, the present invention is installed in a transfer section of the sludge to allow the drying process to proceed. That is, in order to concentrate and copy the sinusoidal signals input from the amplifying unit 12, the antenna unit 13 having a surface area of 1/2 or less of the hemispherical shape is provided in the transporting zone of the sludge to allow the drying step to proceed do.

At this time, the transport section is located in the chamber, a shelf is provided below the transport section, and a glass is provided below the shelf.

According to the present invention as described above, the antenna section 13 whose surface area is 1/2 or less of the hemispherical shape is provided in the transport section of the constant sludge, and the sinusoidal signal is concentrated and copied, While increasing the output efficiency relative to the input, thereby reducing power consumption and increasing energy efficiency.

In addition, the present invention can reduce the kinetic energy of dipole polarization by outputting a sinusoidal wave, not a square wave, as in a conventional microwave drying apparatus.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments.

 In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Accordingly, all such appropriate modifications and changes, and equivalents thereof, should be regarded as within the scope of the present invention.

10: Constant sludge dryer 11: Phase synchronizer
11a: voltage-controlled oscillator 11b: frequency divider
11c: temperature compensated crystal oscillator 11d: phase detector
11e: charge pump 11f: low-pass filter
12: amplification part 13: antenna part
14: control unit 15: power supply unit

Claims (4)

A phase synchronizer for detecting a phase difference between an input signal and an output signal to control a loop of a VCO or a circuit and outputting a synchronous sinusoidal signal;
An amplifying unit for amplifying a sinusoidal signal output from the phase synchronization unit;
An antenna unit having a surface area of 1/2 or less of the hemispherical shape so as to concentrate and copy the sinusoidal signals input from the amplification unit,
A controller for inputting a preset signal to the phase synchronization unit so as to obtain a desired output, and collecting and outputting an operation state; And
And a power supply unit for supplying driving power to the phase synchronization unit, the amplification unit, and the control unit,
The phase-
A phase synchronizing circuit for outputting a specific frequency according to an input voltage, comprising: a voltage controlled oscillator for outputting a predetermined oscillation frequency signal preset to an externally applied voltage;
A frequency divider for dividing a frequency signal inputted from the voltage controlled oscillator at a predetermined ratio so as to be counted and outputting the frequency signal;
A temperature compensated crystal oscillator that maintains a desired output frequency regardless of external temperature conditions; A phase detector for comparing a reference frequency of the temperature compensated crystal oscillator with an output frequency divided through a frequency divider and outputting a pulse string corresponding to the difference;
A charge pump that boosts or reduces a current proportional to a pulse width output from the phase detector according to a pulse code; And
And a low-pass filter for removing noise generated during operation and varying the voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator control terminal through a change in the amount of charge accumulated by using the capacitor.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the amplifying unit is an amplifying circuit including a negative resistance to amplify an output side signal compared to an input side signal.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the antenna unit includes a parabolic antenna.

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