KR101131461B1 - Method for matcing active rfid reader of simple reader protocol - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An active RFID reader method of SRP is provided to manage an active tag in an EPC(Electronic Product Code) system by giving an EPC in a user memory area of an active tag. CONSTITUTION: A data pointer of an operation code and a memory bank which is included in a command is received from middleware in an SRP(Simple Reader Protocol). An OP code about an active tag searches for a data point on a table(S20). A command message writing the OP code is transmitted to the active tag(S30). The OP code of a passive tag searches for the OP code on the table(S50).

Description

Method for mating active RFID reader of simple reader protocol

The present invention relates to an active RFID reader matching method of SRP, and more particularly, a type of memory bank that divides the OP code and the passive tag memory according to the Simple Reader Protocol (SRP) applied between the middleware and the reader for the passive tag. And an SRF active RFID reader that collects and records data for an active tag by using the SRP by mapping a data pointer, which is a start address of the corresponding memory bank, to a plurality of OP codes applied between the reader and the active tag. It is about a matching method.

As is well known, RFID (Radio-Frequency IDentification) technology refers to a technology that uses radio waves to recognize information over long distances, including RFID tags (hereinafter simply referred to as 'tags') and RFID readers (hereinafter simply referred to as 'leaders'). Is called). The tag consists of an antenna and an integrated circuit, which records information in the integrated circuit and transmits the information to the reader via the antenna. This information is used to identify the tagged object.

The classification into the power using the RFID is as follows. RFID that reads and communicates the information of the tag chip only by the power of the reader is called passive RFID. RFID is used to read the information of the chip and the power of the reader is used for communication. Is called semi-passive RFID, and RFID that uses the power of tag to read information of chip and communicate the information is called active RFID.

RFID is also classified into the frequency of radio waves used for communication instead of power. RFID, which uses a low frequency, for example, 120 to 140 kHz, is called low-frequency identification (LFID), and uses a higher frequency of 13.56 MHz. RFID is called High-Frequency IDentification (HFID), and RFID that uses a higher frequency of 868 to 956 MHz is called UHFID (Ultra High-Frequency IDentification).

In the RFID system, a reader protocol is used by a middleware to command a RFID reader to collect tag information. In this process, the RFID reader establishes a standard air interface with the tag to collect tag information. use.

However, since the air interface for accessing the active RFID tag is different from the air interface of the passive RFID tag, the reader protocol for accessing two different air interfaces must also be changed. However, at present, only a simple reader protocol (SRP) designed for a passive RFID air interface is proposed, and there are no reader protocols and middleware designed to command or control an active RFID tag.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and the type of memory bank that divides the OP code and the passive tag memory according to the Simple Reader Protocol (SRP) applied between the middleware and the reader for the passive tag, and Matching SRP's active RFID readers using SRP to collect and record data for active tags by mapping the data pointer, the start address of the corresponding memory bank, to a number of OP codes applied between the reader and active tags. The purpose is to provide a method.

The active RFID reader matching method of the SRP of the present invention for achieving the above object distinguishes the operation code (OP code) and the memory of the passive tag according to the Simple Reader Protocol (SRP) applied between the middleware and the reader for the passive tag The memory bank is configured by a reader having a table in which a type of memory bank and a data pointer, which is a start address of the memory bank, are mapped to a plurality of OP codes applied between the reader and the active tag, and according to the SRP from the middleware. (A) receiving an OP code and a memory bank type and a data pointer included in the OP code; After checking the OP code for the active tag by inquiring the OP code, the type of memory bank, and the data pointer transmitted in the step (a) in the table, transmitting the command message written by writing the confirmed OP code to the active tag. (c) Check the OP code included in the response message from the step and the active tag in the table above, check the OP code of the corresponding passive tag, and write the response code according to the SRP and write the response message according to the SRP. (D) delivering.

On the other hand, the reader sends a command to read the contents of the user memory area by the inventory command in the command message to the active tag, and the contents of the user memory area received from the active tag in the response message according to the SRP to the middleware The EPC code may be recorded in advance in the user memory area of the active tag.

According to the active RFID reader matching method of the SRP of the present invention, the OP code and the passive tag memory according to the SRP (Simple Reader Protocol) applied between the middleware and the reader for the passive tag without developing or using a separate protocol Data collection and recording of active tags by using SRP by mapping the type of memory bank and the data pointer, which is the start address of the corresponding memory bank, to a plurality of OP codes applied between the reader and active tags. You can do it.

In this way, the active tag can be managed by the EPC code system by assigning an EPC code to the user memory area of the active tag to enable collection.

1 is a tag memory structure diagram of ISO / IEC 18000-6C and EPC Class1 Gen2 standard.
2 is a flow chart for explaining an active RFID reader matching method of the SRP of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the active RFID reader matching method of the SRP of the present invention.

As is well known, the passive RFID tag uses all information stored in a logical memory map. FIG. 1 is a tag of ISO / IEC 18000-6C and EPC Class1 Gen2 standard, which is a kind of passive RFID standard. Memory structure diagram. As shown in FIG. 1, the tag of ISO / IEC 18000-6C and EPC Class1 Gen2 standard divides the entire memory structure into four such as Bank00 (RESERVED), Bank01 (UII), Bank10 (TID), and Bank11 (USER). have.

Bank00 is a reserved area for storing passwords for access control and tag killing, and Bank01 is a UII (Unique Item) in which information such as a product ID for use in industry is encoded and inserted. Identifier) field. Bank10 is a TID (Tag ID) area where a tag's unique identification number is stored, and Bank11 is a user memory area freely used by user definition.

Meanwhile, the passive RFID reader accesses the tag information by inputting a start address of the tag memory in which the tag information is stored in order to collect or control the tag information. In contrast, active RFID tags may enter the command (command) corresponding to the desired information in OP (OP eration) code format is the tag information to the undercoating collected. In addition, since active tags use tag IDs (serial numbers) in 4-byte format instead of using the EPCglobal code system, these tag IDs become meaningless information in EPCglobal. EPCglobal is a global standardization organization formed around the industry in 2003 to standardize RFID related Electronic Product Code (EPC).

Table 1 below is the message format of read and write commands used in SRP protocol.

Message
Length Message
ID Operation
Code UII
Length UII Memory
Bank Data
Pointer Data
Length Password
Length Password

In Table 1 above, "Message Length" is the length of a message, which is expressed as an unsigned short integer. The length of the entire command message is expressed in bytes. "Message ID" is an identifier of a message, expressed as an unsigned integer, and has a value of 1 or more. "Operation Code" is a command code. For example, the read command has a value of 0x52 and the write command has a value of 0x57.

"UII Length" is a value representing the length of the UII in bytes, expressed as an integer, and has a value between 0 and 255. "UII" is represented by a byte array as a unique item identifier.

"Memory Bank" is a value indicating a logical block of an RFID tag and represented by an unsigned integer having a value of 0 to 255. For example, an RFID tag compliant with ISO / IEC 18000-6C is represented by a value from 0 to 3, and an RFID tag compliant with ISO / IEC 18000-6B is represented by a value of 0.

"Data Pointer" is a pointer indicating the start point of a specific area of the RFID tag memory, indicating a byte position from the start point of the Memory Bank, and is represented by an unsigned integer type.

"Data Length" is a value for distinguishing a specific area of the RFID tag memory, representing the length from the Data Pointer in bytes, and expressed in an unsigned integer type.

"Password Length" represents the length of the password required to execute the read command in bytes and is represented by an unsigned integer having a value between 0 and 255.

"Password" is represented by an array of bytes as a password string necessary for reading a specific area of the RFID tag memory.

Table 2 below is a response message for the Write & Read command used in SRP.

Message
length Message
ID Operation
Code Response
Code Data
Length Data

In Table 2 above, "Message Length" is the length of a message expressed as an unsigned integer.

"Message ID" should be the same as the value used in the Message ID of the Read command as a message identifier, and is represented by an unsigned integer type.

"Operation Code" is a command code. The read command should have a value of 0x52 and the write command of 0x57.

"Response Code" is expressed in bytes as a response code.

"Data Length" represents the length of the data (byte) and expresses it as an unsigned integer.

"Data" means the data read from the RFID tag memory through the Read command (including only the read), and is expressed as a byte array.

As such, the SRP protocol is implemented by inputting a memory address corresponding to the data pointer to obtain desired tag information, thereby implementing a suitable RFID tag.

Meanwhile, the "Collection with Universal Data Block" command in the active RFID system is an inventory command used in ISO / IEC 18000-7, and additionally provides desired tag information (Universal) among the tag ID and the items in Table 3 below. Data Block) command.

UDB
Element type ID Explanation note 0x00-0x0A Reserved 0x10 Routing Code Routing Codes Defined Within This Document 0x11 User ID User IDs defined within this document 0x12 Optional command list
(Optional Command List Command code for optional commands supported by this tag 0x13 Memory size
(Memory Size) Total and available memory in this tag 0x14 Table query size
(Table Query Size) Total number of table query elements supported on this tag 0x15 Table query results
(Table Query Results) Results for previously run table queries 0x16 Hardware fault status
(Hardware Fault Status) Hardware reset count, watchdog reset count, and hardware fault bitmap (includes low battery flag) to provide additional information when the service bit is set in the tag status word 0x17-0x7F Reserved This element is reserved for future tag data elements. 0x80-0xFE Future expansion
(Future extension) Reserved for future use 0xFF Application element
(Application Element) Application extensions

Protocol ID Packet options Packet length Session id Command code Command Description CRC 0x40 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes 1 byte N bytes 2 bytes

Table 4 above shows a reader-tag command message format according to broadcasting in active RFID. Table 5 below shows a leader-tag command message format according to peer to peer in active RFID.

protocol
ID Packet Option Packet length Tag manufacturing
ID tag
Serial Number Session id Command code Command Description CRC 0x40 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes 4 bytes 2 bytes 1 byte N bytes 2 bytes

protocol
ID Tag Status Packet length Session id Tag manufacturing
ID tag
Serial Number Command code data CRC 0x40 2 bytes 1 byte 2 bytes 2 bytes 4 bytes 1 byte N bytes 2 bytes

protocol
ID Tag Status Packet length Session id Tag manufacturing
ID tag
Serial Number Command code data CRC 0x40 2 bytes 1 byte 2 bytes 2 bytes 4 bytes 1 byte N bytes 2 bytes

Table 6 above is a tag-reader response message format according to broadcast in active RFID, and Table 7 above is a tag-reader response message format according to P2P in active RFID.

In Table 4 to Table 7, the protocol ID (protocol ID) is a unique identifier indicating a protocol of the ISO / IEC 18000-7 standard is fixed to 0x40.

Tag status represents various statuses such as response format, tag type and alarm and hardware error.

The packet length represents the message length in bytes including the protocol ID field and the CRC field.

Session ID is the ID of a special session and is an unsigned integer value between 0x0001 and 0xFFFF. Session ID 0x00010 is reserved and will not be used.

The tag manufacturer ID is a unique ID assigned by the manufacturer. The tag serial number is a unique serial number of a predetermined tag in the manufacturing process and may correspond to the TID in the passive tag. The command code is a command code received from the reader.

The response data is the data returned by the tag as a response to the valid command of the reader. The N value, which is the data length in bytes, is given according to the command. If an error is detected, the tag status word (tag) NACK flag will be set in the status word).

Command arguments are provided with the command to define commands that require further explanation. The content and length of the description required is specifically determined for each command.

CRC (cyclic redundancy check): A cyclic redundancy check, given for error checking.

Data is data returned by the tag in response to a valid broadcast command of the reader, where N, the data length in bytes, is given specially according to the command. If the tag receives an invalid command, no response is sent to the reader.

Table 8 below is a mapping table in which OP codes applied between SRP between middleware and readers and OP codes applied between readers and active tags are mutually mapped.

Occation SRP
(Middleware-> RFID Reader) ISO / IEC 18000-7
(RFID Reader-> RFID Tag) Processing way Operation Code meaning Code meaning One 0x49 Inventory 0x1F Collection with Universal Data Block Collect and reply to tag's UserID value 2 0x52 Read 0x60 Read Memory User memory lookup 3 0x13 Read UserID Collect and reply to tag's UserID value 4 0x09 Read Routing Code Routing Code Inquiry 5 0x0C Read Firmware Version Firmware Version Inquiry 6 0x0E Read Model Number Model Number Lookup 7 0x70 Read Universal Data Block Universal Data Block Inquiry 8 0x57 Write 0xE0 Write Memory User memory (‘Bank11’) history 9 0x93 Write UserID Record the tag's UserID value ("Bank01") 10 0x89 Write Routing Code Routing Code Record 11 0x95 Set password Password record 12 0x4C Lock 0x97 Set Password Protect Mode Do not change data setting 13 0x96 Unlock Turn off data change protection 14 0x47 Get - - Property lookup of leader 15 0x53 Set - Set properties of the reader

As shown in Table 8 above, the inventory command is fixed at 0x49 in SRP and the corresponding Collection with Universal Data Block in ISO / IEC 18000-7 is also fixed at 0x1F. One-to-one mapping is no problem. In SRP, however, the read command is fixed at 0x52, the write command is 0x57, and the lock command is 0x4C, whereas in ISO / IEC 18000-7 there are a number of commands that correspond to it. In case of Read command, 0x60 is subdivided into User Memory Read and 0x09 is Routing Code Read. In the case of the Write command, 0xE0 is divided into UserID Write and 0x89 is Routing Code Write in ISO / IEC 18000-7. Therefore, in order to read or write various items of an active tag using SRP in middleware, more information must be provided. In the present invention, the memory bank and data pointers are differentially solved.

2 is a flowchart illustrating an active RFID reader matching method of the SRP of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, according to the active RFID reader matching method of the SRP of the present invention, the middleware 100 collects data from the active tag 300 to the reader 200 using the SRP or transmits data to the active tag 300. It is instructed to record (step S10).

Table 9 below shows a virtual memory structure of the active RFID tag corresponding to the passive RFID tag memory structure. The tables of FIGS. 8 and 9 are previously stored in the reader.

Memory bank Offset
(Start
Address) Length (Byte) Virtual Location (Bit) Value example meaning Bank11 0x00 N 00 _h -1 F _h "20100101" Bank10 0x00 4 00 _h -1 F _h "LGH1" (0x4C474831) TID Bank01 0x00 N 00 _h -7F _h "350000001000001000000001" UserID Bank00 0x0D N 58 _h -97 _h "350000001000001000000001" UDB 0x0A N 50 _h -57 _h "KOR" (0x4B4F52) Routing Code 0x06 4 30 _h -4 F _h "V0.1" (0x56302E31) Firmware Version 0x04 2 20 _h -2F _h "T1" (0x5431) Model Number 0x00 4 00 _h -1 F _h "1234" (0x01020304) Password

As shown in Table 9 above, in the passive tag, the user memory area corresponds to Bank11 and a total of 8 bytes are allocated using 0x00 as a starting address. Therefore, when the middleware 100 wants to read the user memory of the active tag 300 using the SRP, 0x52 is written in the Operation Code field in Table 1 above, and the UII Length field is entered in the UII Length field. Write 12, write "350000001000001000000001" in 96-bit EPC code in the UII field, write 3 in the Memory Bank field, 0x00 in the Data Pointer field, A corresponding number is written in the data length and transmitted to the reader 200. The chart is shown in Table 10 below. Here, the EPC code is used as identification information of the ridge tag.

Message
Length Message
ID Operation
Code UII
Length UII Memory
Bank Data
Pointer Data
Length Password
Length Password Depends on data length Random grant 0x52 12 EPC code above 3 0x00 The number 0 0000

2 again, the reader 200 checks the OP code in the contents of Table 10, and then checks the memory bank information and the data pointers, and inquires them in Tables 8 and 9 so that the command from the middleware 100 can be executed. Read the contents of the user memory area " In step S30, the reader matches and stores the message ID of the command message received from the middleware and the corresponding EPC code, and then sends the message ID when a response is received from the active tag 300 later. The message ID field of Table 2 is used to transmit the information to the middleware 100.

Similarly, the Read UserID command, the Routing Code Read command, the Firmware Version Read command, the Model Number Read command, and the Universal Data Block (UDB) Read command are, for example, It can be given as Table 11 below.

Type of read command
Message
Length Message
ID Operation
Code UII
Length UII Memory
Bank Data
Pointer Data
Length Password
Length Password UserID According to the data length
Determined option
grant 0x52 12 EPC code above One 0x00 12 0 0000 Routing
Code 12 0 0x0A 3
(KOR) 0 0000 Firmware
Version 12 0 0x06 4
(V0.1) 0 0000 Model
Number 12 0 0x04 2
(T1) 0 0000 UDB 12 0 0x0D 8 0 0000

Meanwhile, in addition to the tag ID (serial number) while instructing the inventory, that is, the Collection with Universal Data Block, one of the other UDB elements shown in Table 3, for example, is recorded in a dictionary (at the time of manufacture) in the UserID area of the active tag 300. In addition, in this case, 0x49 (see Table 8) in the Operation Code field in Table 1 above, 0 in the Memory Bank field, 0x11 (see Table 3) is written in the data pointer field, and “12” is written in the data length and transmitted to the reader 200. Then, the reader 200 checks the OP code field to confirm that the command is an inventory command, and again checks the memory bank and data pointer fields to identify the corresponding UDB element, that is, the UserID. Done. Subsequently, 0x1F (see Table 8) is written in the command code field in Table 4 or 5, and 0x11 is written in the command description field to complete the command message format, and then transmitted to the active tag 300.

Next, in the active tag 300, when the command message as shown in Table 10 above is received from the reader 200, the corresponding command shown in Table 8 in the command code field of the response message format shown in Table 6, that is, 0x11. And the information corresponding to the data field, that is, the EPC code recorded in the UserID area, is written and transmitted to the reader 200 (step S40), where the identification of the active tag is performed by a tag ID (serial number). Can be.

Then, the reader 200 converts the command code included in the received response message from the mapping table of Table 8 to the corresponding OP code for SRP, and converts the OP code and data thus identified into the SRP response shown in Table 2. The data is written to the OP code field and the data field of the message format and transmitted to the middleware 100 (step S60).

For each command of Table 11 above, the middleware 100 delivers the command message according to the SRP to the reader 200 in the same manner as described above, and the reader 200 then stores the OP code field, data bank, and data. The pointer field is checked, and the checked contents are inquired in Tables 8 and 9 to complete the command message to be delivered to the active tag 300 and then transmitted to the active tag 300.

Table 12 below is a diagram of the response message from the active tag 300 to the SRP format for the command of Table 11 above, in the reader 200, the OP code included in the response message from the active tag 300 After confirming, and writing the OP code and the data length and the data thus confirmed, the response message format according to the SRP of Table 12 is completed and then transmitted to the middleware 100 (step S60). Here too, the identification of the active tag 300 may be performed by the message ID of the command message written by the middleware 100 by the SRP.

answer Message
length Message
ID Operation
Code Response
Code Data
Length Data UserID Depends on data length Same as command message 0x52 Code 12 EPC code above Routing Code 3 4B4F52 (see Table 9) Firmware Version 4 56302E31 (see Table 9) Model Number 2 5432 (see Table 9)

In the same manner, when the middleware 100 wants to write specific data, for example, an EPC code, to the user memory of the active tag 300 using SRP, 0x57 is entered in the Operation Code field in Table 1 above. Write, write 12 in the UII Length field, write "350000001000001000000001" in 96-bit EPC code in the UII field, write 3 in the Memory Bank field, and write the data pointer. 0x00 is written in the (Data Pointer) field and " 8 " is written in the data length, and the data is transmitted to the reader 200. Tables of other write commands are shown in Table 13 below.

Type of write command Message
Length Message
ID Operation
Code UII
Length UII Memory
Bank Data
Pointer Data
Length Password
Length Password Memory According to the data length
Determined Random grant 0x57 12 EPC above
code 3 0x00 12 0 0000 UserID 12 One 0x00 12 0 0000 Routing
Code 12 0 0x0A 3
(KOR) 0 0000 Firmware
Version 12 0 0x06 4
(V0.1) 0 0000 Model
Number 12 0 0x04 2
(T1) 0 0000 UDB 12 0 0x0D 8 0 0000

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

100: middleware, 200: RFID reader,
300: active tag

Claims (2)

For the passive tag, type of memory bank that divides the operation code (OP code) according to the Simple Reader Protocol (SRP) applied between middleware and the reader and the memory of the passive tag, and the data pointer which is the start address of the corresponding memory bank. Performed by a reader with a table mapped to multiple OP codes applied between the reader and the active tag,
(A) receiving an OP code, a memory bank type, and a data pointer included in an instruction according to the SRP from the middleware;
After checking the OP code for the active tag by inquiring the OP code, the type of memory bank, and the data pointer transmitted in the step (a) in the table, transmitting the command message written by writing the confirmed OP code to the active tag. (c) step and
(D) Inquiring the OP code included in the response message from the active tag in the table to confirm the OP code of the corresponding passive tag, write the OP code so confirmed, create a response message according to the SRP, and deliver it to the middleware (d) SRP active RFID reader matching method comprising the step. The method of claim 1,
The reader sends the command to read the contents of the user memory area by the inventory command in the command message to the active tag,
Send the contents of the user memory area received from the active tag in the response message according to the SRP to the middleware,
And an EPC code is pre-recorded in the user memory area of the active tag.

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