KR100822901B1 - Structure of external wall or roof having permeable layer for reducing transmission of radiation heat and acquisition of solar radiation heat and external material for external wall or roofing material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides high heat insulation and heat shielding of an outer wall or roof without changing the thickness of the heat insulating material by imparting heat insulation and heat shielding performance to a ventilation layer that is expected to have a dehumidification effect by air reflux in the exterior wall or roof structure of a building. When the performance is secured and it is not necessary to change the heat insulation / heat shielding performance, the outer wall or roof structure and outer wall exterior material or roof joint material which can make the heat insulating material thinner than the conventional one are provided and installed outside the outer wall or roof structure. In a building in which the exterior member 11 is provided with one ventilation layer 9 interposed therebetween, the thermal radiation of a long wavelength component is applied to the surface of the exterior layer 11 and one or both of the thermal insulation member 7 on the surface of the ventilation layer 9 side. It characterized in that the low-emission sheets 8, 8a having low radiation performance are provided.

Exterior wall covering, roof joints, heat radiation

Description

STRUCTURE OF EXTERNAL WALL OR ROOF HAVING PERMEABLE LAYER FOR REDUCING TRANSMISSION OF RADIATION HEAT AND ACQUISITION OF SOLAR RADIATION HEAT AND EXTERNAL MATERIAL FOR EXTERNAL WALL OR ROOFING MATERIAL}

Industrial Applicability The present invention particularly provides an outer wall or roof having a high insulation and high thermal insulation performance in a building having a function of blocking heat transfer such as radiation of outdoor heat into an interior or radiation of indoor heat to an exterior to an exterior wall or roof. It relates to the structure and exterior wall coverings or roof joints of the. In addition, the outer wall or roof structure or the outer wall facer or roof joint material is used in the sense that the thermal insulation structure of the present invention can be commonly applied to the outer wall and roof and the outer wall facer and roof joint material.

Adopting a sufficient blocking structure in buildings such as houses leads to the reduction of heating and cooling costs as well as to the comfort of living spaces.This insulation structure makes living spaces comfortable during times when air-conditioning such as summer and winter is required. It is also effective in maintaining.

If the insulation structure of the building is classified roughly, it can be divided into heat insulation and external insulation. The heat insulation method is also called a filling heat insulation method, and is a method of filling a heat insulating material in the interior side or the space | gap of a structure from the inside of a wall, and the external heat insulation method is a method of installing a heat insulating material in the outer side of a structural sphere. In any heat insulation method, the method of installing an exterior material with the ventilation bracket interposed in many cases is employ | adopted. In addition, although the ventilation layer is formed between the exterior materials by the ventilation bracket, this ventilation layer is the system used conventionally as a layer for moisture removal, not being handled as a heat insulation layer. Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 10-212813 is a related art related to an external insulation system having a ventilation layer.

In the roof structure, a ventilation layer is formed between the roof underfloor insulation or the structural member, or between the roof joint material and the roof foundation, but the emissivity of the surface facing the ventilation layer, the ventilation amount of the ventilation layer, and the insulation Based on the relationship between the heat insulating power, the solar reflectance of the outer surface of the exterior material and the relationship between the emissivity and the heat transfer, a technique for actively improving the heat insulating performance by lowering the emissivity of the surface facing the ventilation layer has not been developed.

Conventionally, the heat insulation function of the ventilation layer of an exterior wall and a roof was ignored. For this reason, in order to improve heat insulation performance and energy saving performance, the specification and thickness of a heat insulating material must be changed.

However, increasing the thickness of the heat insulating material is not possible with the single heat insulating material, and the plurality of heat insulating plates are repeatedly arranged, which leads to a large cost increase, such as an increase in construction labor and an increase in the construction cost along with the material cost. There is a problem. For example, in order to increase the thermal insulation performance, when the heat insulating material having a thickness of 140 mm is disposed, it requires three construction labors for joining a 50 mm thick single plate + a 50 mm thick single plate + a 40 mm thick insulating single plate, and use the heat insulating material to be used. It also needs a lot.

For example, in a steel house having an outer insulation structure or the like, as described above, the ventilation layer is expected to have a dehumidification effect by air reflux of the ventilation layer, and the outside is usually treated as outside air from the heat insulating material including the ventilation layer. Compared to the loss, the present invention allows the ventilation layer to function as a high thermal insulation layer and a high thermal insulation layer against invasion of the outdoor air in the summer, and to function the ventilation layer as an outflow restraining layer to the outside of the interior heat in the winter. It employ | adopted and comprised as a design model. By designing the outer insulation structure in this way, it is possible to give a high insulation and heat shielding performance without changing the thickness of the heat insulator, and at the same time, it is possible to make the heat insulation thinner as compared with the conventional case when it is not necessary to change the heat insulation and heat shielding performance. It is possible to realize a roof and a wall structure having high insulation and high heat shielding performance that can be reduced.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows.

The first aspect of the invention provides an outer wall in which an outer wall casing is provided with a ventilating layer on the outer side of a structural sphere, wherein the outer wall of the casing has a high reflectance, high emissivity and an inner surface having a small emissivity. An outer wall structure, wherein a small space is provided between the outer surface and the inner surface of the packaging material is provided with a low emissivity film. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having a low emissivity is provided on the inner surface of the packaging material with a small space between the inner surface.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in an outer wall provided with an outer wall cladding material between the outer layers of the structural sphere, a film having an outer surface having high solar reflectance and high emissivity on the outer surface of the cladding material is provided on the outer surface of the cladding material. In addition, a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having a low emissivity is provided on the inner surface of the packaging material with a small space between the inner surface and the outer surface. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the first to third aspects of the invention, a film having a small emissivity and a moisture permeable film is provided on a surface facing the outer wall packaging material with the ventilation layer therebetween.

5th invention is a 4th invention WHEREIN: The emissivity of the film of the surface which faces an outer wall exterior material with the said ventilation layer interposed is 0.3 or less, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

6th invention is 1st or 2nd invention WHEREIN: The solar radiation reflectance of the film of the outer surface of the said exterior material is 0.5 or more, outer surface emissivity is 0.7 or more, inner surface emissivity is 0.5 or less, and the film of the inner surface of the exterior material Emissivity is characterized by being 0.3 or less.

The seventh aspect of the present invention provides a roof having a ventilation layer between a roofing member provided with a roof joint material with a roof layer interposed therebetween, or a waterproofing member installed on a roof substrate and a roof joint member, wherein the outer surface of the roof joint member is provided. In addition, a film having an outer surface having high solar reflectance and high emissivity and an inner surface having low emissivity is provided with a small space between the outer surface of the roof joint material, and a low emissivity film is installed on the inner surface of the roof joint material. It is characterized by one. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength.

In the seventh invention, in the seventh invention, a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having a low emissivity is provided on the inner surface of the roof joint material with a small space between the inner surface and the inner surface.

The ninth invention is a roof in which a roof joint is installed with a ventilation layer on the upper side of a structural sphere, or a roof having a ventilation layer between a waterproof member and a roof joint installed above a roof substrate, the outer side of the roof joint A film having an outer surface having high solar reflectance and a high emissivity on the surface is provided on the outer surface of the roof joint material, and a film having an inner surface and an outer surface with low emissivity on the inner surface of the roof joint material is minutely spaced between the inner surface and the inner surface. Characterized in that installed with one space. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength.

In the tenth invention, in the seventh to ninth inventions, a film having a small emissivity or a film having a small emissivity and a moisture permeable film are provided on a surface facing the roof joint material with the ventilation layer therebetween.

11th invention is a 10th invention WHEREIN: The emissivity of the film of the surface which faces a roof joint material through the said ventilation layer is characterized by 0.3 or less.

In the twelfth invention, in the seventh or eighth invention, the solar reflectance of the outer surface of the roof joint material is 0.5 or more, the outer surface emissivity is 0.7 or more, the inner surface emissivity is 0.5 or less, and the coating of the inner surface of the roof joint material Emissivity is characterized by being 0.3 or less.

The thirteenth invention relates to an outer wall provided with an outer wall covering member with a ventilation layer on the outer side of the structural sphere, or a roof provided with a roof fitting material with an upper ventilation layer on the upper portion of the structural sphere, wherein the outer wall covering member or roof fitting member is A paint layer having a high solar reflectance is provided on the outer surface, and a low-radioactive sheet is provided on at least one of two surfaces facing each of the air-permeable layers.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, at least two surfaces of a waterproofing material or a roofing fitting are provided on the outer surface of the roofing fitting and face a ventilation layer formed between the waterproofing member and the roofing fitting provided above the roofing substrate. A low-radioactive sheet is provided on either side.

According to a thirteenth invention, in the thirteenth or fourteenth invention, a film having a small emissivity and a moisture permeable film is formed on a surface facing the outer wall facing member with the ventilation layer therebetween, or the roof having the ventilation layer interposed therebetween. It is characterized in that a film having a low emissivity or a film having a low emissivity and a moisture permeable film are provided on a surface facing the joint material.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the invention, in the thirteenth to fifteenth aspects, the solar radiation reflectivity of the coating layer formed on the outer surface of the outer wall packaging material or the roof is 0.5 or more, and the emissivity corresponding to thermal radiation of 3 µm or more in wavelength is 0.7 or more, and aeration is provided. At least one of the emissivity is 0.3 or less among the low-emissivity sheets provided in any one or both of the said surface which faces a layer.

According to a seventeenth invention, in the first to sixteenth inventions, the ventilation layer is a ventilation layer having an opening for introducing outside air and an opening for discharging the introduced outside air.

18th invention is 1st-17th invention, The said low-emission film is a sheet containing a metal foil sheet, a metal vapor deposition sheet, a metal plate, or the surface-treated metal plate, It is characterized by the low-emission paint.

19th invention is a 1st-18th invention, It is characterized by the above-mentioned high reflectance and high emissivity film | membrane of the surface itself or a coating film.

In the twentieth invention, in the first to nineteenth inventions, the main structural sphere in the structural strength is composed of sheet steel of light weight steel or wood, steel, reinforced concrete, or a mixture thereof.

21st invention is 1st-20th invention, WHEREIN: The thickness of the ventilation layer of the said outer wall is 50 mm or less, and the thickness of the ventilation layer of the said roof is 100 mm or less.

A twenty-second aspect of the present invention provides an exterior wall covering material or roof joint material provided with an air-permeable layer on the outside of a structural sphere, wherein the outer surface has a film having an outer surface having high solar reflectance and high emissivity and an inner surface having low emissivity. A small space is provided between the outer surface and the film having a low emissivity is provided on the inner surface. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength.

According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, in a twenty-second aspect of the invention, a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having a low emissivity is provided on the inner surface with a small space between the inner surface.

A twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention provides an exterior wall covering material or roof joint material provided with an air-permeable layer on the outside of a structural sphere, wherein an outer surface is provided with a film having an outer surface having high solar reflectance and high emissivity, and further comprising an inner surface. It is characterized in that a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having a low emission ratio is provided with a small space between the inner surface and the inner surface. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength.

In the twenty-fifth invention, in the twenty-second to twenty-fourth invention, the solar reflectance of the film on the outer surface is 0.5 or more, the outer surface emissivity is 0.7 or more, the inner surface emissivity is 0.5 or less, and the emissivity of the film on the inner surface is 0,3. It is characterized by the following.

The twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention provides an exterior wall covering member provided with an outer ventilation layer on the outer side of the structural sphere, or a roof joint member provided with an upper ventilation layer on the upper side of the structural sphere, wherein the solar reflectance is high on the outer surface. A film having a high emissivity is provided, and a small film of emissivity is provided on the inner surface. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength.

According to a twenty-seventh invention, in the twenty-sixth aspect of the invention, the solar reflectance of the film on the outer surface is 0.5 or more, the outer surface emissivity is 0.7 or more, and the emissivity of the film on the inner surface is 0.3 or less.

According to the present invention, a film having a high reflection performance against heat radiation of short wavelength components having a wavelength of 3 μm or less and a film having low radiation with respect to heat radiation of a short wavelength component having a wavelength of 3 μm or more are provided on the outer surface of the building exterior material of a building in double. Or a low radiation sheet having a low radiation performance having low radiation to heat radiation of a short wavelength component having a wavelength of 3 μm or more on a surface of at least one of the heat insulating material and the exterior wall exterior material of a building, conventionally dehumidifying Since the ventilation layer which was only expected as a function can be comprised as a heat insulation and a heat shielding layer, the outer wall or roof structure of a high heat insulation and heat shielding performance can be realized more inexpensively and without changing the thickness of a heat insulating material. Therefore, when it is not necessary to change heat insulation and heat insulation performance, heat insulation can be made thin by application of this invention, and it is economical in terms of construction surface and material cost. Further, by applying a coating having high solar reflection performance to the short wavelength component of solar light on the outer surface of the outer wall, a higher insulation and heat shielding performance can be given in summer due to the synergistic effect with the low-radiative sheet. .

By carrying out measures such as surface treatment in advance in manufacturing building materials in the exterior wall or roof panel without the field bonding and field coating of such low-emission sheets and reflective paints, mass production and new low cost are possible. . Thus, according to the present invention, compared to the conventional case in which performance was only dependent on the thickness of the heat insulating material as a means of realizing the outer wall or roof structure of a building having high heat insulation and heat shielding performance, the cost of the building and the short airing Industrialization is feasible.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a broken perspective view showing a wall structure in which an exterior member is provided with a structure sphere and a ventilation layer interposed in a steel house of an outer insulation type.

2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1.

3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1.

4 is an outdoor front view of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure as shown in FIG. 1 as a model for simulating the high thermal insulation and high thermal insulation performance of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating summer external conditions when simulating high thermal insulation and high thermal insulation performance by the model of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a simulation result (summer season 1) under the first set condition in the external condition of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a simulation result (summer season 2) under the second set condition in the external condition of FIG. 6.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing a simulation result (summer season 3) under the third set condition in the external condition of FIG. 6.

FIG. 10 is a graph (Summer 4) showing the effect of insulation thickness, solar reflectance, aperture ratio, and emissivity of a roof on heat shielding.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the winter external conditions when simulating high insulation and high thermal insulation performance by the model of FIG. 5.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing simulation results under the setting conditions of FIG. 11.

Fig. 13A is a sectional view of an embodiment to which the present invention is applied to a roof model.

13B is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment to which the present invention is applied to a roof model.

It is sectional drawing of embodiment which applied this invention to the wall of the heat insulation structure.

It is a figure which shows the example of the exterior material in which the porous layer was formed in the outer surface.

It is a figure which shows the example of the exterior material in which the porous layer was formed in the inner surface.

It is a figure which shows the example of the exterior material in which the porous layer was formed in both sides.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the present invention can be applied to all of the thin-walled light weight embossed or wooden, steel frame, reinforced concrete structure, or a mixed structure of the buildings represented by the steel house, but will be described below as an example of the steel house.

The steel house is a structure made of a frame member made of sheet steel with a thickness of about 1 mm and a plate made of a sheet made of light weight by a structural face member, and has been rapidly spreading in recent years because it has superior shock resistance, durability, and heat insulation compared to wood. In pursuit of further high performance of heat insulation performance, it is now a standard specification, and an attempt to further improve the outer insulation structure has been carried out. In this embodiment, the novel technique improvement which has not been attempted conventionally in this outer insulation structure is performed.

1 to 4, Fig. 1 is a broken perspective view showing a wall structure in which an exterior member is provided with a structural sphere and a ventilation layer interposed therebetween in a steel house of an external insulation type, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an outdoor front view.

In each figure, the frame of a structural sphere is comprised by the thin lightweight steel assembling the vertical frame 1, the lower frame 2, and the upper frame (not shown), and the other side flange 1a of the vertical frame 1 is constructed. Inside) (coating material) 3 such as gypsum board is fixed. This structural sphere may be composed of thin lightweight steel or wood, steel frame, reinforced concrete, or a mixed structure thereof. The interior material 3 is formed of a reinforcing sheet of fire-resistant cladding structure 3a made of a reinforced gypsum board, which is fastened to the other flange 1a of the vertical frame 1 by fasteners 5 such as nails and drill screws. The indoor side fireproof coating material 3b made of reinforcement gypsum board etc. is stapled and fixed to the indoor surface of the indoor side fireproof coating structural face material 3a once again joined.

On one flange 1b of the vertical frame 1, a structural strength face member 4 made of a structural plywood and a fiber-reinforced cement board or the like is joined by fasteners 5 such as nails and drill screws. The structural member 4 for structural strength, the structural member 3a for indoor fire protection coating, and thin plate lightweight steel are the vertical frames 1 (and upper and lower frames), which are the main parts (hereinafter referred to as structural spheres) in structural strength (6). ). Or you may comprise the structural sphere 6, without including the indoor fire prevention coating structural face material 3a.

On the outer side (outdoor side) of the structural strength-bearing face member 4, a heat insulating material 7 made of foamed plastic, such as polyethylene foam, is provided, and a heat exchanger is arranged between the ventilation brackets 10 on the outer side of the heat insulating material 7. The siding exterior material 11 is provided. The ventilation bracket 10 is vertically provided at predetermined intervals, and the ventilation layer 9 is formed between the heat insulating material 7 and the exterior material 11 with the ventilation bracket 10 interposed therebetween. The ventilation layer 9 may be configured as a ventilation layer having an opening for introducing outside air and an opening for discharging the introduced outside air outside. In the case of application as an outer wall structure, the thickness of the ventilation layer 9 may be 50 mm or less, and in the case of application as a roof structure, the thickness of the ventilation layer 9 is 100 mm or less. Also good.

The reason for this is that when the ventilation layer 9 between the exterior wall covering material and the roof joint material between the roof joint material is targeted, it is expected that the ventilation layer 9 of no more thickness is practically used. The application limit of the calculation method used (the comparative thin ventilation layer 9, and the conditions which set the conditions which are not too much ventilation) is mentioned.

Moreover, the dimension at the level of the operator of the ventilation layer 9 is about 20 mm of wall and 50 mm of roof, and even if it enlarges, 50 mm or less of wall and 100 mm or less of roof are realistic figures. However, this value does not mean that the effect is not exhibited.

The heat insulating material 7 and the ventilation bracket 10 by placing the fastener 5, such as a nail and a drill screw, on the one flange 1b of the vertical frame 1 with the ventilation bracket 10 interposed between the pipes. Is fixed to the vertical frame (1). Further, by placing fasteners 5 such as nails and drill screws on the air vent bracket 10 from the outside of the air vent bracket 10, the exterior member 11 is fixed to the air vent bracket 10. The space | interval of the ventilation bracket 10 is arbitrary, You may arrange | position horizontally not only to arrange | positioning vertically.

Moreover, the low radioactive sheets 8 and 8a are provided in the surface which faces each ventilation layer 9 of the heat insulating material 7 and the exterior material 11, respectively. At this time, a low-emissivity sheet means that the emissivity with respect to the thermal radiation of long wavelength (3 micrometers or more) is 0.3 or less. The low-emissivity sheets 8 and 8a are most preferably provided on both sides of the heat insulating material 7 and the exterior material 11 as shown in the figure, but the heat insulating material 7 and the exterior material 11 It may be arranged only on one surface of), and in this case, it is possible to ensure necessary high insulation and high thermal insulation properties by the synergistic effect with the reflective paint (to be described later) applied to the outer surface of the packaging material 11. In addition, although the low emissivity sheets 8 and 8a use what has a predetermined emissivity, the detail is demonstrated in detail below in FIG. In particular, the low-emissivity sheet 8a may be made to have moisture permeability. The moisture permeability referred to here refers to the degree of the property of passing water vapor (gas). Generally, it is embodied as a membrane which allows water vapor to pass but does not allow water (liquid) to pass through. Typical examples of the membrane having moisture permeability are implemented in, for example, Tieback (registered trademark).

The low-emissivity sheets 8 and 8a may be composed of any one of the low-emission coating metal foil sheet, the metal vapor deposition sheet, the metal plate or the sheet containing the surface-treated metal plate, and the low-emission paint.

Air flows through the ventilation layer 9 in which the low emissivity sheets 8 and 8a are arrange | positioned. That is, in the ventilation layer 9, the one end side which is not shown in figure is an air inflow side, and the other end is an air outflow side, and the moisture removal function appears by flowing the said ventilation layer 9.

In the present invention, the name of the low-radioactive sheet is used in a broad sense as a term representing a representative example of forming the low-radioactive layer on the surface of the heat insulating material 7 and the ventilation layer 9 of the exterior material 11, and the sheet type And a low-emissivity sheet of a paint system. In the case of the sheet type, specific examples of the low emissive sheets 8 and 8a include an aluminum foil reflecting sheet, a stainless sheet, an aluminum vapor deposition sheet laminated with a low emissive layer on one or both surfaces of the resin sheet main body, and the like. have. In the case of the low-emissivity sheet which laminated the low-emission layer on one surface of the resin sheet main body, in the low-emissivity sheet 8 on the exterior material 11 side, it is provided so that the low-emission layer may face the ventilation layer 9 side. Even in the low radiation sheet 8 on the heat insulating material 7 side, the low radiation layer is provided so as to face the ventilation layer 9. In the case where the low-emissivity sheet is a paint system, the low-emissivity paint is applied to the surfaces of the heat insulating material 7 and the exterior material 11 on the ventilation layer side. Although the arrangement of the heat insulating material 7 and the exterior material 11 of such a low radioactive sheet 8 and 8a or a low radioactive paint is possible in the field work, the workability is performed by performing mechanical work in the process of manufacturing the wall panel in the factory in advance. It is further improved.

In addition to providing the low-radiative sheets 8 and 8a on the surfaces of the heat insulating material 7 and the exterior material 11 and the exterior material 11 facing the ventilation layer 9, in the present invention, the exterior surface of the exterior material 11 is also provided. The solar reflecting layer 15, such as coating which has high solar reflectivity, is formed, and can exhibit more high insulation and high thermal insulation performance by the synergistic effect with the low radioactive sheets 8 and 8a. In addition, the reflective coating which forms the said solar reflection layer 15 is defined as the reflective coating which has a high reflection performance with respect to the short wavelength (less than 3 micrometers) component of sunlight, More specifically, it is the thing of the reflectance 0.5 or more.

Next, the assembling process for constructing the walls of the steel house will be described.

(1) The low-emissivity sheets 8 and 8a are placed on the surfaces of the heat insulating material 7 and the exterior material 11 by mechanical means so that the reflecting surfaces are in contact with the ventilation layer 9.

(2) The vertical frame 1 is arrange | positioned in the upper frame (not shown) and lower frame 2 which were arrange | positioned previously. In this case, if necessary, the vertical frame 1 and the upper and lower frames are temporarily fixed by tape, tapping screws, caulking, or the like.

(3) A structural load bearing face member 4 is provided. At this time, the vertical frame (1) is to be a longitudinal joint of the structural strength face plate (4). Further, the structural strength face member 4, the vertical frame 1, and the upper and lower frames are joined together by fasteners 5 such as screw nails or tapping screws to be integrated.

(4) The heat insulating material 7 is arrange | positioned so that the low radioactive sheet | seat 8 and 8a may face the ventilation layer 9 on the outdoor side of the structural strength face material 4. In this case, the heat insulating material 7 is arrange | positioned so that there may be no empty space in the outdoor side of the structural strength face material 4, and it temporarily fixes with a tape etc.

(5) The ventilation bracket 10 for forming the ventilation layer 9 is provided. When the packaging material 11 is joined horizontally, the ventilation brackets 10 are arranged in the vertical direction at predetermined intervals, and the vertical frame 1 and the ventilation brackets 10 are joined by fasteners 5 such as tapping screws. . When the exterior material 11 is longitudinally joined, the ventilation bracket 10 is arrange | positioned in a horizontal direction at predetermined intervals, and the vertical frame 1 and the ventilation bracket 10 are joined by the fastener 5, such as a tapping screw.

(6) A steel joiner (plated steel plate, etc.) 12 is provided. If there is an outer wall sealing wood 13, the forced wood joint 12 is arranged in advance.

(7) The exterior material 11 is arrange | positioned so that the low radioactive sheets 8 and 8a may face the ventilation layer 9. The mutual material of the exterior materials 11 is set to about 9 mm. The width of the sealing wood 13 is about 10 mm.

(8) At the position where the packaging material 11 and the ventilation bracket 10 intersect, the packaging material 11 and the ventilation bracket 10 are joined by tapping screws. Moreover, the sealing wood paper 13 is filled with the wood material which consists of urethane type, acryl urethane type, poly sulfide type, a silicone type etc. without gap, and the wall of an external insulation system is completed.

The applicant has a high insulation and a high degree of difference in the wall structure shown in Figs. 1 to 4 by, in particular, a combination of the low-emissivity sheets 8 and 8a of the ventilation layer 9 and the solar reflection layer 15 of the packaging material 11. Since the simulation for checking the thermal performance was performed, it will be described with reference to Figs. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a model of the same wall structure as that of FIG. 1 for conducting a test for confirming high insulation and high thermal insulation performance. FIG. 6 and 11 are graphs showing numerical values of high insulation and high thermal insulation performance in the roof and wall structures identified by the simulation under different conditions for simulation, and FIGS. 7 to 10 and 12 respectively. .

5, the structure sphere 6 is comprised from the interior material 3 and the structural strength face member 4 like FIG. 1, and the heat insulating material 7 is arrange | positioned on the outer side of the structure sphere 6, and it ventilated outside it. The packaging material 11 is provided with the layer 9 interposed therebetween. In the same figure, the thickness of the heat insulating material 7 is represented by TH as a target parameter for controlling the heat insulation and heat shielding performance in the wall structure, and the lower side on the side facing the ventilation layer 9 of the exterior material 11 is likewise described below. Surface emissivity by the radioactive sheet 8 (not shown in FIG. 5): E ₁ , low-radioactive sheet 8a (not shown in FIG. 5) disposed facing the ventilation layer 9 side of the heat insulating material 7. Surface emissivity by): E ₂ , the emissivity of the outer surface by forming the solar reflective layer 15 on the packaging material 11: E _so , the solar reflectance of the outer surface of the packaging material 11: ρ _s , of the ventilation layer 9 Upper and lower aperture ratios: OA.

In the wall structure shown in Fig. 5, the convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer wall surface was α _co , the emissivity of the outer wall surface was set to E _so , the room temperature was TE _R (° C.), and the overall heat transfer rate of the entire wall structure was α _r . .

In addition, below, the structure shown in FIG. 5 in the case where thickness TH of the heat insulating material 7 is 40 mm is made into this invention model, In the said structure, the low radiation sheet 8, 8a and the solar reflection layer ( 15) is used as a conventional model (reference), and the reflectance of the low-radioactive sheet and the heat permeation reduction rate (described later) passing through the wall are all displayed in comparison with the conventional model (reference).

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of outside temperature, insolation, and night radiation in summer in Tokyo as an external condition when performing numerical prediction simulation of optimization of solar reflection and surface reflection in the present invention model of FIG. 5 (for cooling design The temperature change of the temperature, night radiation amount, and insolation amount in 24 hours a day in the weather data for one day) is shown.

6 and 11 to be described later, H is a roof (horizontal plane), N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, and NW are north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west, It represents the outer wall of the northwest.

Under the external conditions of Fig. 6, the present invention model of Fig. 5 is included in the conventional model, and the heat permeation reduction rate in the case of making the horizontal plane (roof) and the north, south, east and west (walls) is simulated. Numerical prediction simulations (quantification of the thermal effect) were performed to optimize the system.

In the present invention, as a comprehensive performance of the composite of the model shown in Fig. 5, a 20% to 60% reduction in heat permeation reduction was aimed, and this was quantified and confirmed. That is, the solar reflectance of the outer surface of the exterior material 11 is increased to face the ventilation layer 9 as a means for achieving the goal of reducing the thermal perfusion amount based on the thermal perfusion amount of the composite having the structure of the conventional model. Assuming that the low-radiation sheet is provided on the surfaces of the exterior material 11 and the heat insulating material 7, the numerical values of the solar reflectance and the emissivity of the low-radiation sheet are set to a certain value with respect to the conventional model. It was simulated whether a 20% to 60% reduction could be achieved. As a result, the heat permeation is achieved by combining the values of 0.8 reflectance on the outer surface of the exterior material 11 and 0.8 or less on the emissivity of the low-emissivity sheet (in this case, a synergistic effect with the reflective layer on the outer surface of the outer wall). It was confirmed that the amount could be reduced by 20% to 60%.

FIG. 7 is a summer paper 1 as a test paper, when the low-radiative sheets 8 and 8a are used for the exterior material 11 and the heat insulating material 7, the thickness of the heat insulating material is 40 mm, and the solar reflectance is increased to 0.8. It is a graph which shows the reduction rate of the amount of inflow heat in the process. In addition, the ventilation layer thickness is set to 20 mm on the wall and 50 mm on the roof, and the roof gradient is 30 degrees and faces south, and these points are common in FIGS. 8 to 10 and 12. 7 to 9 and 12, only the parameter enclosed by □ is changed from the value of the reference case in the above table to the value of the change case.

In addition, H represents roof (horizontal surface), N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, and NW represent the outer wall of north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west, and northwest, respectively. In the graph of the figure, in the dashed line curves of ρ _s , E ₁ , E ₂ , the heat permeation reduction rate can be reduced by up to about 65% due to the synergistic effect of the reflectance of the outer surface of the exterior material 11 and the emissivity of the ventilation layer. It was confirmed. In addition, the curves of E ₁ and E ₂ show that when the emissivity of the ventilation layer is reduced to about 0.2, the heat permeation reduction rate can be stably reduced by about 20%. On the contrary, when the emissivity E _so of the outer surface of the packaging material 11 is made small, it was also confirmed that the amount of heat perfusion increased by about 20 to 30%.

FIG. 8 is a test paper for the Tokyo area in summer 2, the low-radiative sheets 8 and 8a are used for the exterior material 11 and the heat insulating material 7, the thickness of the heat insulating material is 60 mm, and the solar reflectance is increased to 0.8. In the graph of the drawing, in the dotted curves of ρ _s , E ₁ , and E ₂ , the heat permeation reduction rate is a synergistic effect of the reflectance on the outer surface and the emissivity of the ventilation layer. It was confirmed that it can cut approximately 63% at the maximum. In addition, the curves of E ₁ and E ₂ show that when the emissivity of the ventilation layer is reduced to about 0.2, the heat permeation reduction rate can be stably reduced by about 20%. On the contrary, when the emissivity E _so of the outer surface of the packaging material 11 is made small, the amount of heat perfusion increases by about 20 to 30%, as in FIG. 7.

Fig. 9 shows the Tokyo area as the test paper in summer 3, the low-radiative sheets 8 and 8a described above are used for the exterior material 11 and the heat insulating material 7, the thickness of the heat insulating material is added to the parameter, and the solar reflectance is further reduced. It is a graph which shows the reduction rate of the amount of inflow heat at the time of raising to O5. Although the solar reflectance was increased to 0.8 in FIG. 7, FIG. 8, the effect at the time of raising to 0.5 which can be achieved comparatively easily was shown in FIG. In the outer wall, even if the solar reflectivity ρ _s and the surface emissivity E ₁ and E ₂ are changed individually, the effect of reducing the heat permeation amount when the heat insulating material thickness TH is changed from 40 mm to 60 mm is not achieved. However, by changing the emissivity E ₁ , E ₂ on both sides of the ventilation layer on the roof, a reduction effect of about 25% of inflow heat can be obtained, which is almost the same as changing the insulation thickness TH from 40 mm to 60 mm. The most effective is the case of changing both the solar reflectance ρ _s and the surface emissivity E ₁ , E ₂ , and an effect of about 40% is obtained, which is greater than changing the insulation thickness TH from 40 mm to 60 mm, In about 25% to 30% of the effect can be obtained.

The temperature of inflow heat at the time of making a summer 4 in FIG. 10, and making a roof object, adds the opening ratio OA of a ventilation layer to a parameter to a parameter mentioned above, and changes each parameter with a reference case 100 is shown. . 10, Case 1 is a reference case, that is, TH (heat insulation thickness): 40 mm, ρ _s (solar reflectance): 0.3, E ₁ , E ₂ (emissivity): 0.9, OA (opening ratio above and below the ventilation layer): When the case 2 changes the TH of the reference case to 60 mm, Case 3 changes the ρs of the reference case to 0.5 and the OA to 2.5 times the reference case. If you change E ₁ of the reference case to 0.2 and OA to 2.5 times the reference case, Case 5 changes the ρ _s of the reference case to 0.5, E ₁ to 0.2, and OA to 2.5 times the reference case, Case 6 shows a case where the ps of the reference case is changed to 0.5, the E ₁ and the E ₂ are 0.2, and the OA is 2.5 times the reference case, respectively. The opening ratio of the ventilation layer can be increased by 2.5 times from the narrow limit of the standard, and the amount of heat input can be reduced by as much as 50% in the case 6 considering changes in the solar reflectance ρ _s and the surface emissivity E ₁ and E ₂ .

Returning to FIG. 7, FIG. 8, the effect only when the opening ratio is increased from the reference narrow to 2.5 times is as high as 18% in the roof and the orientation in the wall, as shown in the opening ratio OA curve of the ventilation layer. 10%. For this reason, especially in a roof, it is effective to use the ventilation effect of a ventilation layer together, and in order to do so, it is good for the ventilation system of the ventilation layer to make ventilation resistance small as much as possible, and to provide good ventilation.

From the above, it can be said as follows. On a summer day, heat entering the solar radiation is reflected or absorbed by the solar reflection layer 15 of the packaging material 11. Nevertheless, the heat generated by the heat rays (infrared rays) passes through the packaging material 11 and radiates from the surface of the ventilation layer 9 side, so that the heat is provided on the surface of the ventilation layer 9 side of the packaging material 11. Block with (8). In addition, the heat radiated from the ventilation layer 9 through the low radioactive sheet 8 is blocked by the low radioactive sheet 8a on the heat insulating material 7 side. In this way, the three-stage thermal barrier structure can reduce, for example, about 70% to about 20% of the wall structure heat flow through the wall structure consisting of the heat insulating material provided on the outside of the structural sphere to the exterior material. It was confirmed. This also makes it possible to make the heat insulating material 7 thinner by the application of the present invention when it is not necessary to change the heat insulating / heat insulating performance, and it is also economical in terms of construction side and material cost.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of outside temperature, insolation, and night radiation in winter in Tokyo as an external condition when a numerical prediction simulation is performed in order to optimize solar reflection and surface reflection in the present invention model of FIG. 5 (for heating design 1). Temperature change in one minute weather data), nighttime radiation, and solar radiation 24 hours a day.

Fig. 11 includes the present invention model of Fig. 5 in a conventional model under the cold and cold winter external conditions, and simulates the reduction of heat permeation when the horizontal plane (roof) and the north-west, south-western (wall) surface are used. Numerical prediction simulation (quantification of heat shielding effect) was performed to optimize negative surface radiation.

FIG. 12 is a test paper for the Tokyo region in winter, the low-radiative sheets 8 and 8a described above are used for the exterior material 11 and the heat insulating material 7, and the heat permeation reduction rate is determined by using the heat insulating material thickness TH as a parameter. The graph shown. In the graph of the figure, the heat loss slightly increases because the solar radiation reflectance in winter is reduced by increasing the solar reflectance ρ _s as a countermeasure for reducing the amount of heat flowing through solar radiation. However, if the surface emissivity E _{1 of one} side is also changed in addition to the solar reflectance ρ _s , this increase in heat loss can be prevented. In addition, when the solar reflectance ρ _s and the surface emissivity E ₁ and E ₂ on both sides are also changed, not only the loss which increased the solar reflectivity ρ _s is compensated for, but also about 10 as in the case where the insulation thickness TH is increased from 40 mm to 50 mm. It is possible to reduce the heat loss around%.

From the above, it can be said as follows. In winter, heat loss is increased by reflecting heat input by solar radiation in the solar reflection layer 15 of the exterior material 11, but it is outdoors from the indoor side by the low-emission sheet 8 provided on the surface of the ventilation layer 9 side. Since the heat loss is reduced, the heat loss can be reduced, and when heat loss is about the same, the heat insulating material is made thinner, which is economical in terms of construction and material cost. That is, the low-radiative sheet 8 can reduce the amount of heat transmission from the outdoors to the interior, or from the interior to the outdoors, regardless of summer or winter.

13 (a) and 13 (b) show an example in which the present invention is applied to a roof of two outer insulation structures as another embodiment. In Fig. 13 (a), a structural sphere is formed by providing a face plate 17 such as plywood on the thin frame lightweight steel frame 16, and the foundation rafters 18 on the face plate 17. The shingles 19 are installed across the gap. The heat insulating material 7 is provided in the space | interval of the faceplate 17 and the shingles 19. As shown in FIG. In FIG.13 (b), the roof base material 20 which serves as a shingles is provided, and these structures are common to FIG.13 (a) and FIG.13 (b). In addition, in FIG. 13 (a), the roof base material 21 is installed on the shingles 19 with the ventilation brackets 10 interposed therebetween, and the waterproofing material (not shown) is placed on the roof base material 21 therebetween. In addition, the roof joint 22 is provided. The ventilation layer 9 is formed between the shingles 19 and the roof base material 21.

In FIG. 13 (b), the waterproofing material 23 is provided on the roof base material 20, and the waterproofing material 23 is pressed by the locking step 24. Roof tiles 25 are installed orthogonally to the locking jaw 23, and roof joints 22 are provided above the roof base 20 with the tiles 25 interposed therebetween. In addition, the ventilation layer 9 is formed between the roof joint material 22 and the roof base material 20 with the tile meat 25 and the latching jaw 23 interposed therebetween.

In the outer heat insulating roof of FIG. 13 (a), a shingle layer 15 having a high solar reflectance is formed on the outer surface of the roof joint 22 as necessary, and the shingles facing the ventilation layer 9 ( The low-emission sheets 8 and 8a are provided on at least one of the two surfaces of the 19 and the roof base material 21. The figure shows an example in which a low-radioactive sheet is mounted on two surfaces.

In the outer heat insulating roof of FIG. 13 (b), a waterproofing layer 15 having a high solar reflectance is formed on the outer surface of the roof joint material 22 as needed, and a waterproof material provided above the roof base material 20. The low-emission sheets 8 and 8a are provided on at least one of two surfaces of the waterproof member 23 or the roof joint member 20 facing the ventilation layer 9 formed between the 23 and the roof joint member 22. In addition, the figure has shown the example in which the low radioactive sheet was attached to two surfaces.

As shown in Fig. 13 (a) and Fig. 13 (b), the ventilation layer 9 and the roof joint material in which the low-emissivity sheets 8 and 8a and the solar reflection layer 15 of the present invention are formed on the roof of the external insulation system are shown. By installing on the outer surface of (22), it is possible to remarkably reduce radiant heat transfer and solar heat gain to the inside of the building due to solar radiation of the roof.

Fig. 14 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a wall of a filling heat insulation structure as another embodiment. The case of filling insulation in the space | interval of a pillar is called filling insulation. Referring to FIG. 14, the foundation 29 is provided on the abandoned grass 26 with the mortar 27 and the rubber sheet 28 interposed therebetween, and the pillar 30 is formed from the foundation 29. The wall 31 is constructed between the pillars and the pillars of the building. The left side of the wall 31 is the outdoor side, and the right side is the indoor side, and a heat insulating material (not shown) is joined to the right side of the wall 31 to form a sphere of a filling heat insulating structure. On the left side of the wall 31 (that is, the outdoor side), the exterior member 11 is mounted with the transverse bracket 32 interposed therebetween, and the exterior member 11 is fixed to the nail 33 and between the exterior member 11 and the wall 31. The ventilation layer 9 is formed in the. Ventilation dehydration 34 is provided in the lower horizontal bracket 32.

In the outer wall of the filling heat insulation system of FIG. 14, a coating layer 15 having a high solar reflectance is formed on the outer surface of the packaging material 11 as needed, and the surface of the outer wall material 11 facing the ventilation layer 9. Low-radioactive sheets 8 and 8a are provided on at least one of the surfaces of the walls 31. The figure has shown the example in which the low radioactive sheet was provided in two surfaces.

As shown in FIG. 14, by providing the low radiation sheet 8 and 8a to the ventilation layer and the solar reflection layer 15 to the outer surface of the exterior material, the acquisition of the solar heat to the inside of the building of the charge insulation structure can be significantly reduced. have.

In the present invention, the exterior member 11 may be replaced with the exterior member 41 described below.

15 shows a cross section of such a packaging material 41. The outer surface 51 of the outer cover material 41 has a film 54 having an outer surface 52 having a high solar reflectance and a high emissivity (emissivity corresponding to a thermal radiation of 3 μm or more in wavelength) and an inner surface 53 having a small emissivity. It is covered. This film 54 is covered so that there is a minute space 56 between the outer surface 51 of the packaging material 41. The layer constituted by the minute space 56 is referred to as a porous layer 57 below.

The film 54 reflects the heat of the short wavelength component due to solar radiation with the outer surface 52 interposed therebetween, and radiates the heat of the long wavelength component due to the outside temperature. In addition, on the inner surface 53 having a small emissivity in the coating film 54, it is possible to exhibit high heat shielding performance together with the porous layer 57 in contact with the film.

In addition, when a film having a small emissivity is formed on the surface 59 on the side facing the ventilation layer of the packaging material 41, the performance is particularly improved.

FIG. 16 shows the configuration of the packaging material 41 in which the porous layer 57 is formed on the inner surface 59 facing the ventilation layer. In the structure of the exterior packaging material 41 shown in this FIG. 16, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same component and member as FIG. 15 mentioned above, and abbreviate | omits description here.

The outer surface 51 of the exterior packaging material 41 is covered with a coating 64. This film 64 has an outer surface 52 having a high solar reflectance and a high emissivity (emissivity corresponding to a thermal radiation of a wavelength of 3 µm or more). In addition, a coating 69 is formed on the inner surface 59 of the packaging material 41. This film 69 is covered with a porous layer 57 having a space 56 formed near the outer surface 59 of the packaging material 41. This film 69 has an inner surface 62 and an outer surface 63 with a small emissivity.

17 shows the configuration of the packaging material 41 in which the porous layer 57 is formed on both surfaces. In the structure of the exterior packaging material 41 shown in this FIG. 17, the same components and members as those in FIGS. 15 and 16 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted here. The outer surface 51 of the exterior packaging material 41 is covered with a coating 54, and the inner surface 59 is covered with a coating 69. Here, for example, the solar reflectance (short wavelength 3 μm or less) of the outer surface 52 of the coating 54 coated on the surface of the packaging material 41 of FIG. 15 is 0.5 or more, the surface emissivity (long wavelength 3 μm or more) is 0.7 or more, and the inner surface ( 53), the surface emissivity (long wavelength 3 µm or more) is assumed to be 0.3 or less.

The heat shielding effect of the film | membrane 54 and the porous layer 57 shown in FIG. 15 was tested and tested by the model demonstrated in FIG. Table 1 shows each parameter and reference thermal resistance.

Thickness (mm) Thermal Conductivity (W / mK) Thermal resistivity (W / m ² K) Exterior material (siding) 15 0.17 0.088 Aeration layer 20 - 0.273 Expanded polystyrene 40 0.034 1.177 Plywood 9 0.16 0.056 Air layer 90 0.2 0.168 Interior material (gypsum board) 10 0.22 0.046 Bilateral surface boundary layer - 0.17

Total (reference thermal resistance) 1.978 (W / m ² K)

Next, the result of having calculated the ratio of the heat insulation effect according to the depth and area of the uneven part which comprises the porous layer 57 is demonstrated. The ratio of the heat insulation effect can be calculated based on the following calculation according to the depth of the porous layer 57 in the inner and outer surfaces.

(1) The average depth of the uneven portion is 3 mm, and the ratio of the adhesive portion area to the exterior surface area is 30%.

Thermal resistance of air layer of 3mm = 0.11083 (air layer is sealed, calculated as film emissivity of 0.2, exterior material emissivity of 0.9. The same as below), additional thermal resistance = 0.11083 × 0.7 = 0.0758 (30% has no insulation effect for adhesion. Increase) = 0.0758 × 100 / 1.978 = 4 (%)

(2) If the uneven part has an average depth of 5 mm and the ratio of the adhesive part area to the exterior surface area is 30%

Thermal resistance of air layer 5 mm = 0.169, additional thermal resistance = 0.169 × 0.7 = 0.118

Increasing rate of insulation effect = 0.118 × 100 / 1.978 = 6 (%)

(3) The average depth of the uneven portion is 7mm, and the ratio of the adhesive portion area to the surface area of the exterior material is 30%.

Thermal resistance of air layer 5 mm = 0.22, additional thermal resistance = 0.22 × 0.7 = 0.155

Increasing rate of insulation effect = 0.155 × 100 / 1.978 = 8 (%)

(4) When the average depth of the uneven part is 9 mm and the ratio of the adhesive part area to the exterior surface area is 30%

Thermal resistance of air layer 5 mm = 0.269, additional thermal resistance = 0.269 × 0.7 = 0.11883

Increase rate of insulation effect = 0.11883 × 100 / 1.978 = 10 (%)

In this way, by coating a film having a plurality of performances on the surface of the packaging material 41, it becomes possible to improve the low-emission sheet attaching effect on either side facing the ventilation layer by 10%.

As shown in FIG. 17, when the films 54 and 69 are formed on both sides, the thermal resistance can be further improved. For example, when the depth of the uneven portion of the porous layer 57 on the outer surface 51 is 5 mm, and the depth of the uneven portion on the inner surface 59 is 9 mm, the coatings 54, 69 ), The insulation can be improved to around 16%. That is, in the case where the porous layer 57 is formed on both the inner surface and the outer surface, the heat insulating effect can be expressed by the sum as the calculated value. In addition, you may apply the structure of the exterior packaging material 41 mentioned above as a roof structure. In addition, the exterior material 41 may be applied not only to the outer wall to which the present invention is applied, but also to any exterior wall.

According to the outer wall or the roof structure of the present invention, the heat insulating material 7 is provided by providing the low-radiative sheets 8 and 8a in the ventilation layer 9, which is conventionally ignored as a thermal model and is expected to function only as moisture wicking. Insulation and heat shielding performance could be improved at low cost rather than thickening. In addition, when the solar reflection layer 15 such as a coating having a high solar reflection performance is applied to the outer surface of the exterior material 11 or the roof joint 22, the summer effect is enhanced by the synergistic effect with the low-radiative sheets 8 and 8a. It was possible to give higher insulation and thermal insulation performance.

Applying the technique of the present invention, such as a sheet of low radioactivity, it is possible to give high heat insulating and heat shielding performance without changing the thickness of the heat insulating material. In the case where it is not necessary to change the heat insulation / heat shielding performance, the application of the present technology makes it possible to make the heat insulation thinner, and compared with the conventional case where the performance was only dependent on the thickness of the heat insulation, it is possible to realize a low cost and short-term construction. By carrying out measures such as surface treatment in advance during the production of building materials, these materials, such as sheets and paints, are not bonded in situ or painted in the field.

In addition, it is contained in the scope of the present invention to implement the structure shown by this embodiment by carrying out a suitable design change.

Claims (27)

In an outer wall provided with an outer wall covering material between the outer layers of the structural sphere, a film having an outer surface having high solar reflectance and high emissivity and an inner surface having a low emissivity on the outer surface of the packaging material with the outer surface of the packaging material. An outer wall structure, wherein a film having a low emissivity is provided on the inner surface of the exterior material while providing a small space therebetween. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to the thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength. The method of claim 1, An outer wall structure, wherein a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having low emissivity is provided on the inner surface of the packaging material with a small space between the inner surface and the outer surface. In the outer wall provided with the outer wall exterior material between the outer ventilation layers of the structural sphere, on the outer surface of the exterior material, a film having an external surface with high solar reflectance and high emissivity is provided on the exterior surface of the exterior material, and An outer wall structure, wherein a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having a low emissivity is provided on the inner surface with a small space between the inner surface and the outer surface. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to the thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The outer wall structure characterized in that a film having a small emissivity and a moisture permeable film is provided on a surface facing the outer wall packaging material with the ventilation layer therebetween. The method of claim 4, wherein The outer wall structure characterized in that the emissivity of the film on the surface facing the outer wall packaging material with the ventilation layer therebetween is 0.3 or less. The method according to claim 1 or 2, An outer wall structure having a solar reflectance of 0.5 or more, an outer surface emissivity of 0.7 or more, an inner surface emissivity of 0.5 or less, and an emissivity of a film of the inner surface of the packaging material of 0.3 or less. In a roof having a ventilation layer between a roof fitting material or a roof fitting material having a roof fitting material interposed therebetween with a ventilation layer on the upper part of the structural sphere, the solar reflectance is high on the outer surface of the roof fitting material, In addition, a film having an outer surface having a high emissivity and an inner surface having a low emissivity is provided with a small space between the outer surface of the roof joint material, and a roof having a low emissivity film is installed on the inner surface of the roof joint material. rescue. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to the thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength. The method of claim 7, wherein And a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having low emissivity on the inner surface of the roof joint material with a small space between the inner surface and the roof structure. In a roof provided with a roof joint with a ventilation layer on the upper side of the structural sphere, or a roof having a ventilation layer between a waterproof member and a roof joint installed above the roof base member, solar reflectance on the outer surface of the roof joint is A film having an outer surface having a high and high emissivity is provided on the outer surface of the roof joint material, and a film having an inner surface and an outer surface with low emissivity is provided on the inner surface of the roof joint material with a small space between the inner surface and the inner surface. Roof structure, characterized in that. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to the thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, A roof structure comprising a film having a low emissivity or a film having a low emissivity and a moisture permeable film on a surface facing the roof joint material with the ventilation layer interposed therebetween. The method of claim 10, The emissivity of the film on the surface facing the roof joint material with the ventilation layer therebetween is 0.3 or less. The method according to claim 7 or 8, The solar radiation reflectance of the outer surface of the roof joint material is 0.5 or more, the outer surface emissivity is 0.7 or more, the inner surface emissivity is 0.5 or less, and the emissivity of the film on the inner surface of the roof joint material is 0.3 or less. In an outer wall provided with an outer wall covering material between the outer vent layer of the structural sphere or a roof provided with a roof joint material between the upper ventilating layer of the structural sphere, the solar reflectance is reflected on the outer surface of the outer wall covering material or the roof fitting material. An outer wall or a roof structure, wherein a low-radioactive sheet is provided on at least one of two surfaces facing each ventilation layer while providing a high paint layer. At the same time, a paint layer having high solar reflectance is formed on the outer surface of the roof joint material and at least one surface of the waterproof member or the roof joint member facing the ventilation layer formed between the waterproof member installed on the roof base member and the roof joint member. The roof structure which installed the sheet. The method according to claim 13 or 14, A film having a low emissivity and a moisture-permeable coating is provided on a surface facing the outer wall facing member with the ventilation layer interposed therebetween, or a film having a low emissivity or a small emissivity on the surface facing the roof joint material with the ventilation layer interposed therebetween. Exterior wall or roof structure characterized by providing a moisture-permeable coating. The method according to claim 13 or 14, A solar reflectance of the coating layer formed on the outer surface of the outer wall exterior material or the roof is 0.5 or more, and an emissivity corresponding to thermal radiation of 3 μm or more in wavelength is 0.7 or more, and is provided on either or both of the surfaces facing the ventilation layer. An outer wall or roof structure, wherein the emissivity of at least one of the low-radioactive sheets is 0.3 or less. The method according to any one of claims 1, 7, or 13, The ventilation layer is an exterior wall structure or a roof structure, characterized in that the ventilation layer has an opening for introducing outside air and an opening for discharging the introduced outside air. The method according to any one of claims 1, 7, or 13, An outer wall structure or a roof structure, wherein the low-emission coating is any one of a metal foil sheet, a metal deposition sheet, a metal plate or a sheet including a surface-treated metal plate, and a low-emission paint. The method according to any one of claims 1, 7, or 13, The outer wall structure or the roof structure, wherein the coating having high solar reflectance and high emissivity is the surface itself or a coating film of the exterior material. The method according to any one of claims 1, 7, or 13, The outer wall structure or the roof structure, characterized in that the main structural sphere in the structural strength is composed of sheet steel or wood, steel, reinforced concrete, or a mixture thereof. The method according to any one of claims 1, 7, or 13, The thickness of the ventilation layer of the outer wall is 50mm or less, the thickness of the ventilation layer of the roof is 100mm or less, characterized in that the outer wall or roof structure. In the exterior wall covering material or roof joint material provided between the ventilation layer on the outside of the structural sphere, A film having an outer surface having high solar reflectance and high emissivity and an inner surface having small emissivity is provided with a small space between the outer surface and a film having low emissivity on the inner surface. Exterior wall coverings or roof joints. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to the thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength. The method of claim 22, An outer wall covering material or roof joint material, wherein a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having a low emissivity is provided on the inner surface with a small space between the inner surface. In the exterior wall covering material or roof joint material provided between the ventilation layer on the outside of the structural sphere, A film having an outer surface having high solar reflectance and a high emissivity is provided on the outer surface, and a film having an inner surface and an outer surface having a low emissivity on the inner surface is provided with a small space between the inner surface. Exterior wall coverings or roof joints. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to the thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein An outer wall covering material or roof joint material, wherein the solar reflectance of the coating on the outer surface is 0.5 or more, the outer surface emissivity is 0.7 or more, the inner surface emissivity is 0.5 or less, and the emissivity of the coating on the inner surface is 0.3 or less. In an outer wall covering member provided with the outer ventilation layer of the structural sphere interposed therebetween, or a roof joint member provided with the upper ventilation layer of the structural sphere interposed therebetween, a film having high solar reflectance and high emissivity is provided on the outer surface. At the same time, the outer surface facing material or roof joint material, characterized in that a small film of emissivity is provided on the inner surface. However, emissivity is an emissivity corresponding to the thermal radiation of 3 micrometers or more of wavelength. The method of claim 26, An outer wall covering material or roof joint material, wherein the solar reflectance of the film on the outer surface is 0.5 or more, the emissivity of the outer surface is 0.7 or more, and the emissivity of the film on the inner surface is 0.3 or less.

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