KR100799567B1 - Wireless sensor network system and method for networking the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The wireless sensor network system and the wireless sensor networking method according to the present invention include at least one sensor node for acquiring peripheral information; A sink node connected to the sensor node to receive the obtained peripheral information, and transmitting data including a control signal and a sensor program image to control the sensor node to the sensor node; A sensor network gateway providing the data to a sink node and collecting the peripheral information; And at least one user application unit connected to the sensor network gateway to drive an application program based on the peripheral information. The administrator may determine an abnormal state of a sensor from remote to remote. The sensor program can be installed and upgraded, which greatly reduces the cost of installing or upgrading the sensor program, and can effectively run ubiquitous applications on various devices such as notebook PCs, PDAs, and mobile phones. It has an effect.

Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, USN, Ubiquitous Computing, Wireless Sensor Networks

Description

Wireless sensor network system and method for networking the same

1 is a view showing an embodiment of a conventional sensor network system.

2A illustrates an embodiment of a wireless sensor network system in accordance with the present invention.

2B is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a wireless sensor network system according to the present invention.

3 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a detailed configuration of a sensor network node and a sink node according to the present invention.

4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a detailed configuration of a sensor network gateway and a user application according to the present invention.

5 is a flowchart illustrating a remote installation process of a sink node program according to the present invention.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a remote installation process of a sensor node program according to the present invention.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of context and situation determination query processing of a ubiquitous application according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

240: sensor node 250: sink node 260; Gateway

270: user application

300: sensor node 301: sink node 302: gateway

310: sensor node MCU 320: sensor module 330: NCM

340: sensor node RF module 350: Flash Memory 360: sync node MCU

370: sink node RF module 380: sink node I / F module

400: gateway system 401: application system 402: sink node

410: Gateway I / F Protocol 411: Gateway I / F Application Module

412: Context Query and Situation Determination API 413: Sensor Node Control API

414: Context KB 415: Sensor Data Inference Module

416: sensor data store 417: sensor application Uploader

418: sensor data conversion module 419: sensor node control module

420: Sink Node I / F Module Driver 421: Sink Node I / F Module

430: sensor network application UI 431: sensor network manager application

432: Ubiquitous Application 433: Gateway I / F Protocol

The present invention relates to a system and a networking method for configuring a sensor node and gateway system for effective application development and maintenance in a wireless sensor network system.

Recently, with the development and popularization of computer networking technology, ubiquitous computing technology and ubiquitous sensor network (USN) technology are in the spotlight as next generation computing technology. Ubiquitous computing technology is based on the idea of providing any computing service that a user wants anytime, anywhere, and is basically based on a ubiquitous sensor network. In other words, invisible computers and sensors built around our lives are connected to each other via wired / wireless networks to sense various data and provide various services to us through context and situational awareness. will be. There is no doubt that in this upcoming ubiquitous computing era, wireless sensor networks and small embedded device technologies will become very important core technologies.

As shown in the exemplary embodiment of the existing sensor network system of FIG. 1, in a general wireless sensor network system (eg, Zigbee, 110), a sensor node, a sink node, and a sensor network gateway system 120 connected based on a wireless network may be used. ) And the user application system 130 on the Internet or the web, and the user controls another system through context processing for the data sensed through the user application and context determination based on the user application. However, in such a conventional sensor network system, each user application system must be equipped with a module for processing context through a large amount of sensor data and a module for complex situation recognition based on the context according to the type of application. However, embedded ubiquitous computing or small mobile computing equipment may lack the CPU power and storage space to do this. In addition, in the case of the wireless sensor node, a sensor program for sensing and wireless data transmission should be installed. In the existing sensor network system, an administrator must install a program by directly connecting to the sensor node in the field, and the sensor program is upgraded later. If there is a need to repeat the above operation is a hassle. If the sensor installation space is difficult to access and the number of sensors is very large, the cost (manpower, resources, and time) for the maintenance of the sensor node program is enormous.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the disadvantages and problems of the existing wireless sensor network system, and to provide a wireless sensor network system and a networking method for effective ubiquitous application development and maintenance. .

In order to solve the above technical problem, the gateway of the wireless sensor network system according to the present invention communicates with the sensor node through at least one sensor node, a sink node connecting to the sensor node, and the sink node at least A gateway of a wireless sensor network system for performing one or more user application requests, the gateway comprising: a data interface for performing an access based on the user application and an API; An inference unit for reducing peripheral information transmitted by the sensor node to its original form, converting the peripheral information into a logical predicate form that can be inferred, and executing a predetermined context query and decision rule to derive a determination result and output the result to the data interface unit; And a controller for controlling the sensor node or the sink node by outputting a control signal for directly controlling the sensor node or the sink node.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the wireless sensor network system according to the present invention comprises at least one sensor node for obtaining peripheral information; A sink node connected to the sensor node to receive the obtained peripheral information, and transmitting data including a control signal and a sensor program image to control the sensor node to the sensor node; A sensor network gateway providing the data to a sink node and collecting the peripheral information; And at least one user application unit connected to the sensor network gateway to drive an application program based on the peripheral information.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the wireless sensor networking method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: receiving a sink node stop command from a user application; Transmitting an operation stop command to the sink node according to the command; Receiving a control completion state according to the operation stop command from the sink node and then transmitting the control completion state to the user application and receiving a program installation command and a program image according thereto; And performing a remote installation by transmitting the program image to the sink node.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 2a is a view showing an embodiment of a wireless sensor network system according to the present invention, Figure 2b is a block diagram showing the configuration of a wireless sensor network system according to the present invention. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a detailed configuration of a sensor network node and a sink node according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a detailed configuration of a sensor network gateway and a user application according to the present invention. to be. 5 is a flowchart showing a remote installation process of a sink node program according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a remote installation process of a sensor node program according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a ubiquitous application according to the present invention. Is a flow chart showing the flow of context and situation determination query processing

Referring to FIG. 2A, which is an example of a configuration to which the present invention is applied, a sensor / sink node application installation function, a context processing function for sensor data, and a situation determination function are added to the sensor network gateway system 220. In the wireless sensor network 210, which consists of a sensor node and a sink node, a function of receiving a program wirelessly is added to the sensor node so that the sensor network manager can remotely determine an abnormal state of the sensor and install and upgrade the sensor program. To enable the ubiquitous application 230 to be effectively executed in a variety of devices, such as notebook PC, PDA, mobile phone.

Referring now to Figure 2b, let's look at the configuration in more detail.

The sensor node 240 acquires the peripheral information to be collected and reported by itself. The sink node 250 receives the obtained peripheral information by connecting based on a wireless communication protocol including the sensor node and Zigbee, and a control signal and a sensor program image for controlling the sensor node 240. Receives data including from the gateway 260 and transmits to the sensor node 240. The sensor node 240 updates the currently operating sensor node driving program based on the control signal and the sensor program image. Meanwhile, the gateway 260 provides the data to the sink node, collects the peripheral information, and delivers the peripheral information to the user application unit 270 through the Internet. The user application unit 270 drives an application program based on the surrounding information.

Looking at the configuration of the gateway 260 in detail, the data interface unit 265 performing an access based on the API and the user application unit 270, inference after reducing the surrounding information collected by the sensor in its original form The reasoning unit 263 for converting the logical predicate form into a possible form, and executing a predetermined context query and decision rule to derive a decision result and output the result to the data interface unit 265, and the sensor node 240 or the sink node. The control unit 261 outputs a control signal for directly controlling the 250. The inference unit 263 includes a database for storing ontologies describing rules for performing the inference, rules for synthesizing the context, and logical relationships between symbols.

3 is a detailed structural diagram of a sensor network node 300 and a sink node 301 according to the present invention. As shown in the above figure, the detailed structure of the sensor network node 300 according to the present invention is largely divided into a microcontrol unit (310), a sensor module 320, a NCM (Node Control Module, 330), and a radio frequency (RF). ) Module 340 and flash memory 350, the detailed structure of the sink node 301 is largely divided into the MCU 360, RF module 370 and sink node I / F (Interface) module 380 Each node is connected by radio frequency (eg Zigbee, Bluetooth, etc.).

The MCU 310 of the sensor node is connected to the sensor module through an analog digital converter (ADC) 312 for data sensing, and RF through an input / output (I / O) bus 313 for transmitting and receiving wireless sensor data. It is connected to Channel 1 (341) of the module.It is connected to NCM (330) through USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter, 314) for sensor node MCU control and sensor program installation. It has a programmable memory (311). The NCM 330 of the sensor node is connected to the channel 2 342 of the RF module through an input / output (I / O) bus 333 to receive sensor node control packets and sensor program images. In order to temporarily store the sensor node program image transmitted from the 301, the sensor node is connected to an external flash memory 350 through a memory interface (332) bus, and the sensor node MCU 310 is controlled and the flash memory 350 is controlled. It is connected to the MCU through the USART 334 to install the temporarily stored sensor program, and has a built-in control program 331 for controlling the above-described MCU control and program installation process.

Meanwhile, the MCU 360 of the sink node 301 communicates with the sink node I / F module 380 (eg, USB, RS-232C, parallel port, etc.) through the USART 364 to communicate with the gateway 302. Connected via the channel 1 (371) and the I / O bus 1 (362) of the RF module and through the channel 2 (372) and the I / O bus 2 (363) for receiving data from the sensor node (300). Connected through, having an internal programmable memory 361 for transmitting sensor data to the gateway 302 and storing a program for transmitting sensor node control signals and sensor program images from the gateway 302 as packets to the sensor node. have.

4 is a block diagram showing the detailed configuration of the sensor network gateway system 400 and the user application system 401 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the sensor network gateway system 400 provided in the present invention includes a gateway I / F protocol 410, a gateway I / F application module 411, a context query and situation determination API 412, and a sensor node. Control API 413, context KB (414), sensor data inference module 415, sensor data store 416, sensor program uploader 417, sensor data conversion module 418, sensor node control module 419, a sink node I / F module driver 420, and a sink node I / F module 421. The user application system includes a sensor network application UI (430), a sensor network manager application ( 431), Ubiquitous application (432) and gateway I / F protocol (433).

The sensor network gateway system is connected to the sink node 402 through the sink node I / F module 421 and exchanges sensor data, sensor node control signals, and sensor program images. The sink node I / F module driver 420 is a SW driver for using the sink node I / F module, and provides the sensor data conversion module 418 and the sensor node control module 419 with a programming interface for communicating with the sink node. to provide.

The sensor data conversion module 418 transfers the ADC value of the sensor data from the sink node to the actual measured value (e.g., converts the ADC value of the temperature sensor into a Celsius (° C) value) and also infers the logical predicate form. The data is converted into and stored in the sensor data store 416 together with the data about the sensed time. The context KB 414 is a knowledge base that stores ontologies describing rules for inferring logical symbolization of sensor data, rules for synthesizing two or more contexts, and logical relationships between symbols. When a context query or situation determination rule is input from the gateway I / F application module 411 through the context query and situation determination API 412, the sensor data inference module 415 may be in the form of a logical predicate stored in the sensor data store 416. Load sensing data and sensing time, symbolization and composition rules of context KB 414, context ontology of context KB 414, execute input context queries and context determination rules to derive results and apply gateway I / F applications. Return to module 411.

The sensor node control API 413 directly calls the sensor node control module 419 to process a control command for the sink node or the sensor node by a call of the gateway I / F application module 411, or sends a sensor program image. The sensor program uploader 417 is called for transmission, and the sensor program uploader 417 transmits the sensor program image byte through the sensor node control module 419.

The sensor network application system 401 uses the sensor network application UI 430 to generate user and administrator commands (context queries, situation inferences, and sensor / sink programs based on the sensor network manager application 431 or various Ubiquitous applications 432). Installation command, etc.), and a command input to the gateway system 400 through the gateway I / F protocol 433 or a processing result is received.

5 is a flowchart of remote installation processing of a sink node program according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the gateway I / F application connection 511 and the sink node stop command 512 are first transmitted to the gateway 501 according to the command of the remote installation user 500 of the sink node program. When the gateway instructs the sink node 503 to stop execution of the MCU (513), the MCU of the sink node stops operation accordingly (514). The manager notifies that the MCU of the sink node is controlled (515). Recognizing the control completion state, the administrator sends a sink node program installation command and a program image to the gateway (515), and the gateway issues a program installation preparation command to the MCU as a sink node (517). If the gateway notifies the gateway that the program installation preparation of the sink node is ready (518) and the control of the sink node MCU (519), the gateway now transmits the program image byte to the sink node (520). Receiving this, the sink node installs the program (521) and informs the gateway of the completion of installation (522). The gateway now sends MCU control signals to run the program as a sink node (523). Accordingly, the sink node executes the program (524), and informs the administrator that the sink node's MCU has been controlled.

6 is a flowchart of remote installation processing of a sensor node program according to the present invention. First, the manager application 600 commands the gateway I / F application connection command 610 and the operation of the sensor node to stop (611). Accordingly, the gateway 601 transmits 612 an NCM control command to the sink node 602 to suspend execution of the MCU. The sink node instructs the sensor node 603 to stop executing the MCU (613). Accordingly, the sensor node stops the operation of the MCU (614) and finally delivers the result to the manager application. The manager application 600 now sends 615 the sensor node program installation command and program image to the gateway, and the gateway sends 617 an NCM control command to the sink node indicating the preparation for installation. The sink node transmits to the sensor node an MCU control packet with the contents of the preparation for installation (618). Accordingly, the sensor node prepares to install the program (619) and informs the administrator application that the control of the sensor node MCU is completed. (620).

The gateway now transmits an image byte to the sink node (621), and sends the sink node back to the sensor node (622). The sensor node installs the received program (623) and informs the administrator application of the completion status (624). The gateway transmits an NCM control command for instructing program execution to the sink node (625), and the sink node transmits an MCU control packet for instructing program execution to the sensor node (626). The sensor node now ends by executing the program 627 and sending 628 to the manager application 600 that control of the sensor node MCU is complete.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a context and situation determination query processing of a ubiquitous application according to the present invention. First, when data (ADC value) sensed from the sensor node 703 is transferred to the sink node (710), the sink node 702 transfers the received sensed data to the gateway (711), the gateway is the sensing The converted data is converted and stored (712). The gateway, which has received the context query from the application 700 (713), loads (714) context rules, ontology and sensor data to perform inference on the context query (715) and then transmits the result (716). In addition, the gateway, which receives the situation determination rule from the application (717), loads the context rule, the ontology, and the sensor data (718), performs inference (719), and delivers the result (720).

The wireless sensor networking method according to the present invention can also be embodied as computer readable code on a computer readable recording medium. The computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording devices in which data that can be read by a computer system is stored. Examples of computer-readable recording media include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage, and the like, which are also implemented in the form of a carrier wave (for example, transmission over the Internet). It also includes. The computer readable recording medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion.

The best embodiments have been disclosed in the drawings and specification above. Although specific terms have been used herein, they are used only for the purpose of describing the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention as defined in the meaning or claims. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible from this. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

As described above, through the wireless sensor network system and the wireless sensor networking method according to the present invention, the sensor network manager can remotely and wirelessly determine an abnormal state of the sensor, install a sensor program, and upgrade the sensor. A significant reduction in the costs incurred in installing or upgrading the program is possible, and it can effectively execute ubiquitous applications on various devices such as notebook PCs, PDAs, and mobile phones.

Claims (14)

A gateway of a wireless sensor network system for performing at least one user application request by communicating with at least one sensor node, a sink node connecting to the sensor node, and the sensor node through the sink node, A data interface unit for performing access based on the user application and an API; An inference unit for reducing peripheral information transmitted by the sensor node to its original form, converting the peripheral information into a logical predicate form that can be inferred, and executing a predetermined context query and decision rule to derive a determination result and output the result to the data interface unit; And And a controller configured to control the sensor node or the sink node by outputting a control signal for directly controlling the sensor node or the sink node. According to claim 1, wherein the inference unit A database for storing ontologies describing rules for performing the inference, rules for synthesizing the context, and logical relationships between symbols. At least one sensor node for obtaining peripheral information; A sink node connected to the sensor node to receive the obtained peripheral information, and transmitting data including a control signal and a sensor program image to control the sensor node to the sensor node; A sensor network gateway providing the data to a sink node and collecting the peripheral information; And And at least one user application unit connected to the sensor network gateway to drive an application program based on the peripheral information. The method of claim 3, wherein the sensor node Wireless sensor network system, characterized in that for performing communication using a wireless communication protocol including the sink node and Zigbee (Zigbee). The method of claim 3, wherein the sensor node is And receiving the control signal and the sensor program image and updating the operating sensor node driving program based on the control signal and the sensor program image. 4. The sensor network of claim 3, wherein the sensor network gateway is A data interface unit performing an access based on the user application unit and an API; An inference unit configured to reduce the surrounding information to an original form, convert the peripheral information into a logical predicate form that can be inferred, and execute a predetermined context query and decision rule to derive a determination result and output the result to the data interface unit; And And a controller for outputting a control signal for directly controlling the sensor node or the sink node. The method of claim 6, wherein the inference unit And a database for storing ontologies describing rules for performing the inference, rules for synthesizing the context, and logical relationships between symbols. (a) receiving a sink node stop command from a user application; (b) transmitting an operation stop command to the sink node according to the command; (c) receiving a control completion state according to the operation stop command from the sink node and transmitting the control completion state to the user application and receiving a program installation command and a program image accordingly; And (d) transmitting the program image to the sink node to perform remote installation. The method of claim 8, wherein step (d) (d1) transmitting a program installation preparation command to the sink node and receiving a response; (d2) transmitting the program image according to the response; (d3) transmitting a program execution command upon receiving the installation completion message of the program image; And (d4) transmitting the completion to the user application if the program is successfully executed. (a) receiving a sensor node stop command from a user application; (b) transmitting the sensor node stop command to the sensor node through the sink node; (c) sending a control completion state according to the sensor node stop command received from the sensor node to the user application; And and (d) installing a program in the sensor node based on a sensor node program installation command and a program image transmitted by a user application that has received the control completion state. The method of claim 10, wherein step (d) (d1) receiving the sensor node program installation command and program image from the user application; (d2) instructing the sink node to prepare to install the sensor node program and transmitting the program image to the sink node according to a completion response thereto; (d3) transmitting a program execution command according to a response of a sensor node that has completed program installation based on the program image; And (d4) transmitting the program execution result to the user application. The method of claim 10 wherein the wireless sensor networking method is (d5) storing the surrounding information acquired by the sensor node and performing a context query and situation determination of a user application. The method of claim 12, wherein step (d5) (d51) converting and storing the peripheral information; (d52) loading a context rule, an ontology and the converted data according to a context query received from the user application, inferring the context query, and transmitting the result to the user application; And (d53) transmitting the context determination result to the user application after loading the context rule, the ontology and the converted data according to the situation determination rule received from the user application; . A computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the wireless sensor networking method of claim 8 or 10.

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