KR100695457B1 - Preparation for the clean reforming gas and recycling vitrification materials from the waste oil and sludge containing and equipment thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for treating heavy metal-containing waste oil as well as heavy metal-containing sludge with a high moisture content by cumulatively impregnating heavy metals of waste oil and raw sludge on dried sludge in a sludge drying process and pyrolyzing the heavy metals of waste oil and raw sludge impregnated on dried sludge at a high temperature, thereby preparing molten slag and reforming gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide are provided. An apparatus for preparing clean reforming gas and recycled vitrification materials from waste oil and sludge comprises: a waste oil heating tank(3) for heating waste oil and impregnating transferred sludge to reduce water contained in the sludge and prepare dried sludge containing waste oil and heavy metals; and a plasma pyrolysis furnace(12) for pyrolyzing the dried sludge prepared in the waste oil heating tank to prepare reforming gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as principle constituents. The apparatus further comprises a fine-aggregate manufacturing equipment(15) for manufacturing fine aggregate by scattering and rapidly cooling molten slag that is pyrolyzed by plasma and discharged to a lower side. The apparatus further comprises a water condenser(8) and an exhaust gas recovery equipment for recovering water and exhaust gas discharged from the waste oil heating tank, and the exhaust gas recovered from the exhaust gas recovery equipment is used as a heating source of the waste oil heating tank. The apparatus further comprises a metal mesh transfer belt(4) installed in the waste oil heating tank to continuously impregnate sludge with heated waste oil in the waste oil heating tank.

Description

Preparation and the clean reforming gas and recycling vitrification materials from the waste oil and sludge containing and equipment

1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing reformed gas and recycled materials from waste oil and sludge according to the present invention,

Figure 2 is a temperature increase curve compared to the heating time in the waste oil heating tank.

※ Explanation of code for main part of drawing

1. sludge hopper 2. waste oil tank

3. Waste oil heating tank 4. Transfer belt

5. Transfer belt drive 6. Combustion device

7. Upper sealing device 8. Condenser

9. Condensate tank 10. Dry sludge dosing device

11. Plasma Pyrolysis Furnace Hopper 12. Plasma Pyrolysis Furnace

13. Plasma Apparatus 14. Plasma Pyrolysis Bottom

15. Fine aggregate manufacturing device

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing reformed gas and vitrified recycled materials by treating heavy oil-containing waste oil and high water content industrial wastewater sludge including heavy metals.

Since January 2001, the direct burying of organic sludge has been banned in Korea, and various alternatives have been proposed in connection with waste disposal problems such as organic sludge containing heavy metals. As one of the alternatives, marine discharges can be considered, but sludge marine discharges are recognized as a serious pollutant of marine ecosystems and will soon be banned by the Second London Protocol. The clean waters of Korea's east coast are also severely damaged by marine discharge sludges. New solutions are urgently needed. Korea's sewage and sewage sludge production amounted from 1.47 million tons in 1997 to 2.43 million tons in 2003. Ocean discharges increased greatly from 22% to 73%, while landfilling rapidly decreased from 73% to 5%. It is a big problem.

Meanwhile, the amount of waste oil defined as designated waste in Korea exceeds 600,000 tons as of 2003. Of these, 35.7 million tons (59%) is recycled and the remaining 41% (24.3 million tons) are incinerated and landfilled. The amount of storage is increasing. In particular, when landfilling, soil pollution caused by heavy metals contained in waste oil is considered to be a serious problem.In addition, some of the heavy metals incinerated are discharged into the atmosphere along with fly ash, and the heavy metals collected by the dust collector are currently treated. Not appropriate

As a related art related to sludge drying and treatment method and apparatus, the organic material-containing sludge dry solids treatment method includes a pyrolysis step of indirectly heating organic-containing sludge dry solids to 300-350 ° C. in a first reactor in a reducing atmosphere and the resulting char There is known a method for treating sewage and wastewater sludge dry solids containing organic matter, including a steam gasification step of indirectly heating (Char) to 750-1000 ° C. under steam injection in a reducing atmosphere.

In another conventional invention, an invention relating to a sludge drying apparatus of an industrial dewatering system is described, and the present invention installs a sludge drying apparatus in an industrial dewatering system transfer device to evaporate the water contained in the sludge, and thus the energy required to incinerate the sludge. A sludge drying apparatus of an industrial dewatering system which minimizes waste and reduces the cost of wastewater purification.

In addition, the invention of a combustion body using low coal and food waste and sewage sludge is known, which means that the combustion body composed of food waste and low coal is 3-5 weight percent of heavy earth soil per 5-7 kg of low-carbon coal of 30-50 mesh. -7% by weight, talc 10-20% by weight, ferric oxide 6-8% by weight, sulfur 2-4% by weight, diatomaceous earth 12-26% by weight pulverized into 120-200 mesh 35 Organic waste mixtures of -45% by volume can be mixed to burn food waste and sludge with the combustion of low coal.

In addition, the invention relates to a waste recycling apparatus related to the production of renewable fuels using combustible waste and sludge is known, the invention is a waste containing sludge and waste vinyl, waste vinyl, waste from the sewage treatment plant, wastewater treatment plant, paper mill, etc. The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing recycled fuel that can replace existing fossil fuels using combustible materials such as tires.

However, to date, there is no known technique for treating waste oil containing heavy metals and sludge which is difficult to be environmentally friendly due to high water content and treating sludge which is difficult to be environmentally friendly due to high moisture content. There is a limitation, and it is necessary to develop an economical treatment system because the waste heat generated during the treatment of waste oil is not efficiently utilized, and an environmental treatment method for utilizing the waste oil and sludge as recycled materials. Need is desperately needed.

An object of the present invention is to accumulate the heavy metals of waste oil and fresh sludge in dry sludge during the drying process of sludge and to pyrolyze them at high temperature to produce molten slag and reformed gases hydrogen (H ₂ ) and carbon monoxide (CO), It is to provide a method and apparatus for treating high water content sludge at the same time.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly treatment method that can be used as a recycled material by solving the problem of heavy metal elution by vitrifying the molten slag is melted and discharged through quenching and scattering process, and also using waste oil During sludge drying process, fresh sludge moisture is evaporated and the oil component of waste oil and heavy metals contained in waste oil are substituted and the waste sludge and sludge and the heavy metals contained in the waste oil and sludge are treated simultaneously by pyrolyzing and melting the dried sludge. To provide an economical way to do this.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing materials such as vitrified recycled fine aggregates in which reformed gas and heavy metals are not eluted by treating heavy oil-containing waste oil and heavy water-containing industrial wastewater sludge. Process for producing reformed gas and recycled materials by treating sludge and waste oil according to the present invention is a) impregnating the sludge in a waste oil heating tank containing waste oil heated to 110 to 200 ℃ to reduce the moisture contained in the sludge Preparing dry sludge in which waste oil and heavy metal are impregnated in the sludge; b) pyrolyzing and melting the dry sludge discharged in step a) to produce a molten slag and a reformed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components; and further comprising the molten slug discharged in step b). It is characterized in that it further comprises the step of producing a vitrified fine aggregate by scattering quenching.

In another aspect, the present invention is a waste oil heating tank for heating the waste oil, impregnating the sludge conveyed from the storage tank to reduce moisture and to produce a dry sludge containing waste oil and heavy metals; A plasma pyrolysis furnace configured to pyrolyze and dry the dry sludge produced from the waste oil heating tank to produce a reformed gas containing molten slag, hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components; Characterized in that the apparatus for producing a reformed gas and recycled material from the sludge and waste oil comprising a, and further comprising a fine aggregate production apparatus for producing fine aggregate by quenching the molten slug discharged to the lower portion by the plasma pyrolysis do.

Hereinafter will be described in detail a method and apparatus for producing a reformed gas and recycled materials by treating wastewater containing heavy metals and high-functional industrial wastewater sludge including heavy metals.

As the sludge used in the present invention, hazardous sludge containing heavy metals such as nickel, chromium, lead, and mercury may be used, and waste sludge generated in sewage treatment plants and industrial wastewater treatment plants may be used. Do not. The sludge used in the present invention usually contains 40 to 90% by weight of water, and contains about 0.5 to 200 ppm of heavy metals such as nickel, chromium, lead, and mercury.

The waste oil used in the present invention is a waste oil containing heavy metals such as chromium, nickel, lead, and mercury, which can not be recycled, and those that are currently having difficulties in treatment due to the discharge of harmful gaseous substances and heavy metals during incineration, and engine oil , Cutting oil, engine oil, metal factory waste oil, etc. generated in industrial sites, and heavy metal content of about 5 ~ 900ppm, the type of waste oil or heavy metal content is not particularly limited.

Process for producing the reformed gas and recycled material by treating the sludge and waste oil according to the present invention is a) impregnating the sludge in a waste oil heating tank containing the waste oil heated to 110 to 200 ℃ to reduce the moisture contained in the sludge The waste oil is subjected to a step of manufacturing a dry sludge impregnated in the sludge, the sludge is dipped in the waste flow rate for a predetermined time, that is, in the dry sludge manufacturing step, because the water in the sludge is efficiently evaporated, the sludge is dried, In the place where the water of the sludge was present, the waste oil of the waste oil heating tank and the heavy metal existing in the waste oil are substituted together, and the sludge and the waste oil are sufficiently mixed.

In particular, a sufficient amount of waste oil is impregnated into the sludge because the inside of the sludge opens up the voids in the sludge sufficiently as the water escapes into the water vapor.

The mixing ratio of waste oil and sludge in the manufacturing step of the dry sludge may vary depending on the type of waste oil, it is preferable to adjust the impregnation time so that the weight ratio of waste oil and sludge is 1: 0.1 ~ 0.8 range.

The dried dry sludge should preferably contain 30% by weight or less of moisture, and the dried dry sludge has a heavy metal and hydrocarbon compound which is 40 to 60% of flammable component and the content of inorganic and heavy metal is 20 to 50%. It is about.

The waste oil used in the present invention has a boiling point of 250 to 400 ° C., a calorific value of 8,000 to 13,000 kcal / kg, and according to the type and condition of the waste oil, it is possible to appropriately adjust the temperature of the waste oil heating tank, and the heating temperature for drying the sludge is It is about 120 ~ 180 ℃ and the heating time is suitable 5 to 30 minutes.

Water generated in the drying process by heating is evaporated and discharged as a liquid through a condenser, and heavy metals in the waste oil and heavy metals in the sludge remain in the dry sludge and hydrocarbon compounds in the waste oil are included in the dry sludge. The dry sludge increases the heavy metals and carbonated water components, the initial sludge low calorific value 600 ~ 2,100 kcal / kg, but the dry sludge is increased to 3,500 ~ 5,000 kcal / kg.

The dry sludge containing the combustible component is pyrolyzed using a hot air plasma, and the heavy metal and the inorganic material are melted and discharged in the form of slag at the bottom of the melting furnace. High-temperature plasma pyrolysis using air or oxygen is carried out at a temperature of 5000 to 10000 ° C, and heavy metals and inorganics contained in the dry sludge are melted and slag, and the calorific value of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the pyrolysis process of hydrocarbons is 1,050 ~ 1,800 kcal / Nm ³ high quality reformed gas is produced and can be used as a heating source for the sludge drying process.

In addition, the method according to the present invention by producing a fine aggregate that is impossible to elute heavy metals by quenching and scattering the molten slug discharged from the bottom of the outlet to vitrify it can produce environmentally stable recycled material.

The scattering and quenching step is to drop the molten slag discharged to the lower end by pyrolysis to the conical rotating plate, the rotating speed of the rotating plate is in the range of 300 ~ 20,000 rpm, preferably in the range of 1,000 ~ 20,000 rpm.

The fine aggregate obtained by scattering and quenching while falling on the conical rotating plate under the above conditions is vitrified, and the fine aggregate may be manufactured in a size of about 1 to 5 mm in diameter, and the surface is vitrified so that it was originally contained in the sludge. Heavy metals can not be dissolved from the cooled aggregate and can be used as eco-friendly recycled materials.

Hereinafter, an apparatus for manufacturing reformed gas and recycled materials from waste oil and sludge containing heavy metals according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1.

Dry sludge containing waste oil and heavy metals in the sludge reduced sludge water by reducing the water in the sludge by impregnating the sludge from the hopper (1) to be temporarily stored in the sewage treatment plant and industrial wastewater treatment plant in the heated waste oil. Waste oil heating tank (3) is provided, and the metal mesh conveying belt (4) and the metal mesh to continuously transport the sludge to the waste oil heating tank while immersing the sludge transported into the heated waste oil A driving device 5 for driving the conveying belt 4 is provided, and the feeding amount of the sludge and the time for heating the sludge and the waste oil in the waste oil heating tank 3 are controlled by the conveying speed of the metal mesh conveying belt 4. It can be adjusted.

In the waste oil heating tank 3, the slurry conveyed by the metal mesh conveying belt 4 is allowed to stay in the waste oil heating tank 3 for a predetermined time so that the water content is constant and the drying speed is increased. Vibration apparatus (not shown) which can give a vibration to 4 may be further provided.

The temperature of the waste oil heating tank 3 is maintained by the operation of the combustion device 6, and the steam and exhaust gas generated by the sludge heating are blocked by the upper sealing device 7 to prevent the occurrence of odor. Water vapor is recovered as water and stored in the condensate tank 9 by the condenser 8 provided in the upper part of the sealing device, and the other gas components generated are circulated to the combustion device 6 to be used as a heat source of the combustion device. At the same time, it prevents the release of harmful gases into the atmosphere.

Moisture in the sludge is evaporated by the heated waste oil, and the dry sludge containing the heavy metal and the oil component of the waste oil at the position where the water was present is stored in the hopper 11 by plasma pyrolysis and then pyrolysis melting furnace through the dry sludge injector 10. In (12), the organic components contained in the sludge and waste oil are pyrolyzed and converted into reformed gases, hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The generated reformed gas may be circulated to the waste oil heating tank 3 and used as fuel.

On the other hand, the lower end 14 of the plasma pyrolysis melts the sludge with inorganic metals and heavy metals contained in the sludge and is discharged to the outside in the form of slag. While falling on a conical rotating plate (not shown) rotating at 20,000 rpm, it is scattered and quenched to produce fine aggregate having a vitrified surface. Vitrified fine aggregate is manufactured in diameter of 1 ~ 3mm, which is impossible to dissolve heavy metal, and can be used as various construction aggregates.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

EXAMPLE

1. Sludge Drying

Cutting waste oil containing 30 to 200 ppm of heavy metals into the waste oil of the waste oil heating tank heated to 180 ° C. In an industrial wastewater treatment plant containing 1 to 20 ppm of heavy metals and 83% water content by a metal mesh transfer belt (4). The generated sludge is introduced from the hopper 1. The conveying belt is adjusted so that the sludge is conveyed at a predetermined speed by the driving device 5 to drive it.

In order to find out the optimal heating time for obtaining a dry sludge with a constant water content of the sludge solution, the temperature increase by heating time was examined and this is illustrated in FIG. 2. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the heating time of the waste oil and sludge mixture shows an initial temperature increase by heating the sludge, and when the temperature reaches around 120 ° C., the water of the sludge evaporates at this temperature and a lot of energy is absorbed by latent heat of evaporation. Because of the consumption, the temperature is kept constant.

In the section where the constant temperature is maintained, the water in the sludge is reduced and the sludge is dried by replacing the heavy metal and oil components of the waste oil with the voids occupied by the water, and the dried sludge increases the amount of heat generated by the waste oil according to the water removal rate. do.

When the evaporation of water is finished, the temperature of the waste oil is increased again, and it can be obtained at 20% or less, which is the moisture content that can be incinerated in an incinerator by heating for 10 minutes at 130 to 140 ° C. Is lowered to about 0.5%.

2. Search for optimal heating temperature to find proper water content

As an experiment for finding an appropriate drying temperature for converting the sewage sludge having a water content of about 80% to a water content of about 20%, the sludge drying test was carried out. The temperature range was performed in the range of 110 to 160 ° C. in consideration of the evaporation temperature of moisture. The moisture content was 70% at 110 ° C but 28% at 130 ° C, and the water content was dried to allow sludge combustion. At 160 ° C, the moisture content was almost evaporated to 0.4%.

[Table 1] Sludge Moisture Content by Heating Temperature of Waste Cooking Oil

3. Measure the sludge calorific value according to the temperature distribution of sewage sludge

The sludge calorific value according to the temperature distribution of the sewage sludge dried by heated waste oil was measured and described in Table 2. Compared with the low calorific value of 427 kcal / kg of raw material sewage sludge, the low calorific value of dried sludge was 1,014 kcal / kg, increased by 137% at 110 ° C, and 4,688 kcal / kg, increased by 10 times at 150 ° C.

[Table 2] Dry sludge calorific value using waste oil

4. Production of fine aggregate by plasma pyrolysis and slag production

The dried dry sludge is introduced into an air plasma pyrolysis furnace to produce stabilized recycled materials that are free of reformed gas fuel and heavy metals.

The waste oil heating tank temperature maintenance is controlled in the combustion device 6 and may use reformed gas provided through plasma pyrolysis by the present invention as a fuel. The steam and exhaust gas generated by the sludge heating are blocked by the upper closure device 7 to prevent the occurrence of odor. The steam is stored in the condensate tank 9 by water by the condenser 8 installed at the upper part of the closure device. The other gas components generated were moved to the combustion device 6 and burned to prevent discharge to the atmosphere.

When the water in the sludge is evaporated to a content of 10 to 20% by heated waste oil and becomes a dry sludge containing heavy metals and oil components of the waste oil, it is stored in the pyrolysis melting furnace hopper 11 and then supplied to the pyrolysis melting furnace 12 through a feeder. Was added. The plasma pyrolysis apparatus used was a pyrolysis melting apparatus manufactured by Adplatec Co., Ltd. and the average temperature of the exhaust gas of the plasma pyrolysis melting furnace was about 1,400 ° C.

The organic components contained in the sludge and waste oil were pyrolyzed in the plasma cracking furnace to produce reformed gases hydrogen and carbon monoxide as by-products.

From the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, the sludge minerals, waste oil and heavy metals contained in the sludge are melted together and discharged to the outside in the form of slag. The slag falls to the conical rotating plate rotating at 3,000 rpm at the bottom, vitrified and vitrified, and becomes 1 ~ diameter. The fine aggregate of about 3mm was produced.

The produced fine aggregate was vitrified and heavy metals were not eluted.

As described above, the present invention solves the problem of leaching heavy metals of waste oil and fresh sludge in the dry sludge in the drying process of the sludge, melting them and discharging them into the slag to be vitrified through the quenching process and using them as recycled materials. There is one eco-friendly advantage. In addition, the method and apparatus for producing reformed gas and recycled materials by simultaneously treating sludge and waste oil according to the present invention, the water of fresh sludge is evaporated in the sludge drying process using waste oil, and the oil component of the waste oil is substituted and dried. By pyrolyzing sludge, it provides a way to produce hydrogen (H ₂ ) and carbon monoxide (CO), which are high-calorie reforming gases.The waste metals and heavy metals, which are environmental substances contained in the sludge, are quenched and vitrified while being discharged from the melting furnace as slag. It is a groundbreaking method that can be recycled as materials through waste oil recycling and stable processing of heavy metals, since it is processed into a stable fuel and pyrolysis treatment of the oil component of waste oil.In addition, it can generate additional economic benefits by producing eco-friendly fine aggregates. It works.

Claims (14)

a) impregnating sludge in a waste oil heating bath containing waste oil heated to 110 to 200 ° C. to produce dry sludge in which the water contained in the sludge is reduced by evaporation and the waste oil is impregnated in the sludge; b) pyrolysing the dry sludge discharged in step a) to produce a reformed gas mainly composed of molten slag, hydrogen and carbon monoxide; Method for producing a reformed gas and recycled material by treating the sludge and waste oil comprising a. The method of claim 1, A method of manufacturing reformed gas and recycled materials by treating sludge and waste oil further comprising the step of quenching the molten slug discharged in step b) to produce vitrified fine aggregate. The method of claim 2, Process for producing the reformed gas and recycled materials by treating the sludge and waste oil characterized in that the molten slug discharged in the step b) dropping from the conical rotating plate to quench the fly. The method of claim 1, The sludge of step a) comprises 40 to 90% by weight of water, and a process for producing reformed gas and recycled materials by treating sludge and waste oil, characterized in that industrial wastewater sludge containing 0.5 ~ 200ppm heavy metals. The method of claim 1, The waste oil of step a) is a method for producing a reformed gas and recycled materials by treating sludge and waste oil, characterized in that containing 5 to 900ppm heavy metals. The method of claim 1, Drying sludge in the step a) comprises a water content of 30% by weight or less, the method for producing reformed gas and recycled materials by treating the sludge and waste oil. The method of claim 1, Dry sludge dried in step a) is a combustible component of the waste oil is 40 to 60% by weight, and a method for producing a reformed gas and recycled material by treating sludge and waste oil, characterized in that it contains heavy metals. The method of claim 1, The pyrolysis of the dry sludge in step b) is a method for producing reformed gas and recycled materials by treating sludge and waste oil, characterized in that the oxygen plasma pyrolysis of 5000 to 10000 ℃. A waste oil heating tank for heating waste oil, impregnating the conveyed sludge to reduce moisture and producing dry sludge containing waste oil and heavy metals; A plasma pyrolysis furnace for producing a reformed gas mainly composed of molten slag and hydrogen and carbon monoxide by pyrolyzing the dry sludge produced from the waste oil heating tank; Apparatus for producing reformed gas and recycled materials from sludge and waste oil comprising a. The method of claim 9, The apparatus for producing reformed gas and recycled materials from sludge and waste oil further comprising a fine aggregate production apparatus for producing fine aggregate by quenching molten slug discharged to the bottom by plasma pyrolysis. The method of claim 10, The apparatus for producing reformed gas and recycled materials from sludge and waste oil, characterized in that the slag scattering of the fine aggregate manufacturing apparatus uses a conical rotating plate. The method of claim 9, A water condenser and an exhaust gas recovery device for recovering moisture and exhaust gas discharged from the waste oil heating tank are provided, and the exhaust gas recovered from the exhaust gas recovery device is used as a heating source for the waste oil heating tank. Device for manufacturing gas and recycled materials. The method of claim 9, An apparatus for producing reformed gas and recycled materials from sludge and waste oil, wherein the reformed gas discharged from plasma pyrolysis is used as a heating source for a waste oil heating tank. The method of claim 12, An apparatus for producing reformed gas and recycled materials from sludge and waste oil, characterized in that a metal mesh transfer belt is provided in the waste oil heating tank so that the sludge is continuously impregnated in the heated waste oil in the waste oil heating tank.

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