KR100667939B1 - Liquid crystal device and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal Fresnel lens element having a diffraction function without polarization dependence, wherein the element of the present invention has a liquid crystal in at least one of two glass substrates having an electrode attached thereto. The other substrates have a axial binary structure that is horizontally oriented so as to be alternately vertical, and the other substrate has a axial binary structure that is oriented so that the liquid crystals are vertically oriented or the horizontally oriented directions are alternately vertical. A liquid crystal is injected between two substrates having such a liquid crystal alignment structure, and the injected liquid crystal has a characteristic of changing diffraction efficiency by changing a phase delay of the liquid crystal layer according to an applied voltage. Since the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element according to the present invention has the symmetry of the axial binary structure, the diffraction efficiency does not depend on the polarization of the incident light, and when the photoreactive alignment layer is used, the photomask is used only once. There is no need for an additional process and the manufacturing process has a simple advantage.

Liquid crystal, Fresnel lens, polarization independence, axial structure, photoreactive alignment film

Description

Liquid crystal device and its manufacturing method {LIQUID CRYSTAL DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF}

1 and 2 are schematic perspective views of a liquid crystal Fresnel lens element according to an embodiment of the present invention,

3 is a view showing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules when a sufficiently strong electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element shown in FIGS.

4A to 4C are schematic perspective views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing the first substrate shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the second substrate shown in FIG. 2 according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows an example of an optical mask used in the method of manufacturing the substrate shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C.

6A and 6B are photographs taken by passing light through the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

7 is a graph showing diffraction efficiency measured at a focal length of a liquid crystal Fresnel lens element according to an embodiment of the present invention according to a voltage difference applied to a transparent electrode,

8A to 8C are graphs showing the diffraction efficiency of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as a function of the linear polarization direction of incident light, wherein voltages applied to the liquid crystal layer are 0 V, 1 V, and 10 V, respectively. The diffraction efficiency when is shown.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal device and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly to a liquid crystal Fresnel lens element.

Recently, with the increasing interest in the implementation of 3D information display devices and information processing in the optical communication field, the development of low-cost, high-performance Fresnel lenses is urgently required. Conventional Fresnel lenses have been fabricated using methods such as high precision electron-beam writing or thin film doposition. The manufacturing process of Fresnel lens using this method is not only very complicated but also requires expensive manufacturing cost. In particular, the diffraction characteristics of the Fresnel lens cannot be controlled by electrical or other methods, and the polarized light showing the diffraction characteristics of the incident light is shown. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to completely remove the dependency.

Therefore, recently, studies on the fabrication of Fresnel lenses using liquid crystals that can easily change the diffraction characteristics have been actively conducted. However, the conventional Fresnel lens manufactured using the liquid crystal has a polarization dependence of the diffraction characteristic of the incident light caused by the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal, or a high precision and complicated manufacturing process to remove the polarization dependency. It was required and practical application was impossible.

In order to remove the polarization dependence on the incident light of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element, a technique for canceling the effect of the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal is required, and this technique is used for the odd-numbered region of the concentric circular rings constituting the Fresnel lens. It can be implemented by canceling the effect of the optical anisotropy by showing different orientation characteristics in the even-numbered region. In the case of the conventional liquid crystal Fresnel lens element, in order to remove the polarization dependency of incident light, two identical liquid crystal lens substrates having concentric circles should be arranged so that the concentric circles are exactly coincident with each other. A method of rubbing over several times was used to obtain multiple regions with liquid crystal alignment. However, this method is complicated and difficult in manufacturing process, and high precision is required especially to completely remove the polarization dependency of incident light.

An object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, high-performance liquid crystal Fresnel lens element by completely eliminating the polarization dependency on the incident light of the conventional Fresnel lens element, and simplifying the manufacturing process.

The liquid crystal device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate, a second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate at a predetermined interval, and a liquid crystal injected therebetween.

The first substrate includes a transparent electrode deposited on a surface facing the second substrate and a first alignment film formed on the electrode to form a photoreactive alignment film for inducing alignment of liquid crystals.

A liquid crystal material having an electrically controllable birefringence property is injected between the first substrate and the second substrate spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval, and the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are removed to remove polarization dependency on incident light. At least one of the substrates preferably has two or more multiple alignment regions.

The photoreactive alignment film used in the present invention is used as the alignment film of the first substrate or the second substrate, the liquid crystal alignment direction in the alignment film has a characteristic that can be adjusted by the ultraviolet light is linearly polarized incident. The photoreactive alignment layer has a characteristic of aligning the liquid crystal horizontally between +85 and +95 in a direction 90 perpendicular to the incident ultraviolet rays with respect to the ultraviolet rays linearly polarized in the horizontal direction (0). The ultraviolet ray linearly polarized in the direction 90 has a characteristic of aligning the liquid crystal horizontally between -5 and +5 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of incident ultraviolet ray in the initial alignment direction (0). In the photoreactive alignment layer having the above characteristics, the liquid crystal is determined in the alignment direction depending on the direction of linearly polarized ultraviolet rays which are incident repeatedly.

In the fabrication of a liquid crystal Fresnel lens element having no polarization dependency of the present invention, a transparent electrode (indum-tin oxide) is formed on opposite surfaces of a first substrate and a second substrate, and the first and second substrates Forming a photoreactive alignment layer or a vertical alignment layer for two or more multi-domain alignments on the opposite side of the transparent electrode, and adjusting the polarization direction of ultraviolet rays incident on the photoreactive alignment layer to have two or more multi-orientation characteristics; Forming a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer, forming a gap such that the first substrate and the second substrate can be spaced at a predetermined interval, between the first substrate and the second substrate formed by the above method Injecting a liquid crystal to the.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

In the drawings, the thickness of layers, films, panels, regions, etc., are exaggerated for clarity. Like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the specification. When a part of a layer, film, region, etc. is over another part, this includes not only the part directly above the other part but also another part in the middle. On the contrary, when a part is just above another part, it means that there is no other part in the middle.

Next, the basic principle of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element without polarization dependence and the method of manufacturing the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, a liquid crystal Fresnel lens element according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

1 and 2 are schematic perspective views of a liquid crystal Fresnel lens element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may face each other and the first and second substrates 20 and 10 and the two substrates spaced apart from each other by a predetermined gap. It includes the liquid crystal layer 1 filled in the gap between (10, 20).

The first substrate 20 includes a first glass plate 21, a transparent electrode 22 and a first alignment layer 23 formed on the first glass plate 21, and the second substrate 10 includes the second glass plate 11. The transparent electrode 12 and the 2nd alignment film 13 formed in order on this are included. The liquid crystal layer 1 may be electrically adjustable in birefringence and has a positive dielectric anisotropy, and the transparent electrodes 12 and 22 may be made of indium tin oxide (ITO).

The first alignment layer 23 is a photoreactive alignment layer and includes a plurality of circular annular alignment regions divided by a plurality of concentric circles. From the center of the concentric circles, in the odd-numbered alignment region, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 1 (exactly, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules) are in a predetermined direction of the surface of the substrate 20, for example, the x direction of FIGS. 1 and 2. Horizontal alignment in a direction 52 between about -5 ° and about + 5 °, with liquid crystal molecules horizontal in a direction 51 between about + 85 ° and about + 95 ° with respect to the x direction in the even-order region. To be oriented.

In the case of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element shown in FIG. 1, the second alignment layer 13 orients the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 1 in the direction 53 perpendicular to the substrate 10 as the vertical alignment layer. Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 1 have a hybrid alignment gradually shifting from the horizontal alignment to the vertical alignment from the first alignment layer 23 to the second alignment layer 13, and the odd alignment region of the first alignment layer 23 is performed. The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 1 region (hereinafter, referred to as odd region as in the first alignment layer 23) and the liquid crystal layer 1 region located above the even alignment region of the first alignment layer 23 ( Since the horizontal alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is substantially vertical in the future as in the first alignment layer 23, the liquid crystal layer 3 has a periodic hybrid alignment in which alignment regions having an orthogonal alignment direction are alternately arranged. It has a structure. A liquid crystal Fresnel lens element having a diffraction characteristic without polarization dependence on incident light can be implemented by using a periodic hybrid alignment structure having a sufficiently large number of alignment regions.

In the case of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element shown in FIG. 2 in FIG. 2, the second alignment layer 13 is a photoreactive alignment layer having the same characteristics as the first alignment layer 23. Specifically, the second alignment layer 33 includes a plurality of concentric annular horizontal alignment regions that are disposed to exactly face the alignment region of the first alignment layer 23, and the liquid crystal molecules in the corresponding alignment region The orientation directions are substantially the same. That is, the second alignment layer 23 includes a plurality of circular annular alignment regions divided by a plurality of concentric circles as a boundary and aligned with the alignment region of the first alignment layer 23, and the odd-numbered alignments are taken from the center of the concentric circles. In the region, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 1 are horizontally oriented in a direction 52 between about −5 ° and about + 5 ° with respect to the x direction of the surface of the substrate 10. to be oriented horizontally in a direction 51 between about + 85 ° and about + 95 ° relative to the x direction. The periodic horizontal alignment structure having a sufficiently large number of alignment regions is suitable for the implementation of liquid crystal Fresnel lens elements having diffraction characteristics without polarization dependence on incident light.

Unlike those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one of two repeated alignment regions of the first or second alignment layers 23 and 13 may be a horizontal alignment region and the other may be a vertical alignment region.

1 and 2 will be described based on the diffraction theory of the Fresnel lens having a general refractive index.

Fresnel lenses consist of a ring region divided into a large enough number of concentric circles in principle in a circular form, and the light incident on the lens and passing through each region meet again to cause diffraction. At this time, the radius of the concentric circles is given so that their path difference becomes 1/2 of the wavelength of the incident light when the light passing through the odd and even regions meets again. Therefore, if the radius of the first odd region located at the center of the concentric circle is R ₁ , the radius R _m of the m th region is given by Equation 1 below.

At this time, the incident light is passed through only the odd region or the even region to obtain diffraction. In addition, as in the case of all lenses, the focus is defined in the case of Fresnel lens, and the focal length f given by the radius R ₁ of the first odd-numbered region is expressed by Equation 2 below.

Is the wavelength of light incident on the Fresnel lens. As can be seen from Equation 2, the focal length f of the Fresnel lens is determined by the length R ₁ of the radius of the first region.

Based on the above geometric theory, in the present invention, the incident light passes through both odd and even regions so that the diffraction efficiency is maximized and the diffraction efficiency is electrically adjustable. In addition, the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element of FIGS. 1 and 2 is presented as an example so as to have diffraction characteristics in which the polarization dependence is completely removed. Referring to the operating principle of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element of FIGS. 1 and 2, the polarization state of light incident in the z-axis direction can be mathematically divided into x and y components, and light of x and y components is odd. Pass through both the first and even regions. In order to function as a Fresnel lens, the path difference of light passing through two adjacent areas should be 1/2 of the wavelength of the incident light, which can be achieved by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer. Meanwhile, in order to obtain diffraction characteristics having no polarization dependency of incident light, multiple alignment structures having different liquid crystal alignments in odd and even regions are applied.

Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, the effective refractive index n _eff in the odd and even regions is given by Equation 3 below.

Here, n _e and n _o represent the abnormal refractive index and the normal refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 1, respectively, and θ (z) is an angle between the xy plane of FIGS. 1 and 2 and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and d is a liquid crystal. Thickness of layer (1). When a voltage is applied to the two transparent electrodes 12 and 22, an electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer 1 due to the voltage difference. Since the liquid crystal layer 1 has a positive dielectric anisotropy, the liquid crystal molecules have long axes of It is intended to be parallel to the direction. Therefore, θ (z) changes according to the intensity of the electric field generated in the liquid crystal layer 1, that is, the magnitude of the voltage difference applied to the transparent electrodes 12 and 22, and according to the change of θ (z), the effective refractive index ( n _eff ) changes. Therefore, the x component of the light incident with an arbitrary polarization state, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, experiences only the effective refractive index n _eff when passing through the odd region, and normal refractive index when passing through the even region. you only experience (n _o ). In other words, since light passing through the odd and even regions undergoes different phase delays, there is a phase difference between the two regions. At this time, the phase difference Δφ generated while passing through the two regions is given by Equation 4.

As can be seen here, the phase difference Δφ varies depending on the value of the effective refractive index n _eff .

The y component of the incident light is opposite to the x component. That is, the y component of the light passing through the odd-numbered region only experiences the normal refractive index n _o , and the y component of the light passing through the even-numbered region only undergoes the effective refractive index n _eff . Therefore, the y component of the light passing through the odd and even regions has different phase delays as well as the x component.

On the other hand, the diffraction efficiency [eta ([Delta] [phi])] of the Fresnel lens is given by Equation 5 for an arbitrary phase difference [Delta] [phi] determined according to the effective refractive index n _eff .

As can be seen from Equation 5, the diffraction efficiency under the condition that the Fresnel lens is focused has a maximum value when the phase difference Δφ of the two regions is π corresponding to 1/2 wavelength of the incident light.

On the other hand, the diffraction efficiency of the Fresnel lens becomes zero when the phase difference Δφ is 0 or 2π, thereby preventing focus. An example thereof will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

3 shows an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules when a sufficiently strong electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer 1 of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, that is, when the voltage difference between the two transparent electrodes 12 and 22 is sufficiently large. Shows.

As shown in FIG. 3, when a sufficiently strong electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer 1, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a horizontal direction with respect to the electric field, that is, perpendicular to the substrates 10 and 20. In this case, since all components of the incident light undergo only the normal refractive index (n _o ) of the liquid crystal, which is the same refractive index in all Fresnel lens regions, as shown in Equation 5, the diffraction efficiency of the Fresnel lens becomes zero to focus. Will not.

Next, a method of manufacturing the first substrate shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4C and 5.

4A to 4C are schematic perspective views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing the first substrate shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the second substrate shown in FIG. 2 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The photomask used for such a manufacturing method is shown.

First, referring to FIG. 4A, a substrate 20 on which the transparent electrode 22 and the photoreactive alignment layer 23 are coated is prepared on the glass plate 21, and the ultraviolet ray 61 linearly polarized onto the photoreactive alignment layer 23 is irradiated. do. At this time, for example, when the ultraviolet ray 61 linearly polarized in the x direction is irradiated, a horizontal orientation in the y direction, that is, the direction indicated by reference numeral 51 can be obtained over the entire substrate 20. At this time, if the linearly polarized light direction of the ultraviolet ray 61 is appropriately adjusted, the horizontal alignment direction may have an azimuth angle of about 5 ranges.

Referring to FIG. 4B, through the photomask 63 having a transmission region and a light shielding region alternately arranged in a concentric ring shape on the alignment layer 23, the light is perpendicular to the y direction, that is, the linear polarization direction of the previously irradiated ultraviolet rays. UV light 62 linearly polarized in the direction is irradiated. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the photomask 63 has a central transmission region, and the radius R ₁ of the first region and the radius of the m th region satisfy Equation 1 from the center. Alternatively, the light blocking area may be disposed at the center.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4C, the region in which ultraviolet rays are blocked by the light shielding region of the photomask 63 is maintained in a horizontal orientation in the original direction 51, and the ultraviolet rays which have passed through the transmission region of the photomask 63 are removed. This irradiated area is induced to have a horizontal orientation in the x direction, that is, a direction 52 having an azimuth angle perpendicular to the previous horizontal alignment direction. Therefore, through these two stages of ultraviolet irradiation, axial symmetry which is symmetric about the vertical axis direction of the substrates 10 and 20, the horizontal alignment direction of the odd-numbered region and the horizontal alignment direction of the even-numbered region are mutually different. An alignment film 23 giving multiple orientations of orthogonal binary structures can be obtained.

6A and 6B are photographs taken by passing light through the liquid crystal Fresnel lens elements shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 6A illustrates a case where the voltage difference between the transparent electrodes 12 and 22 is small, that is, the liquid crystal layer ( FIG. 6B is a photograph when the voltage (or electric field) applied to 1) is weak, and FIG. 6B shows that the voltage (or electric field) applied to the liquid crystal layer 1 is strong when the voltage difference between the transparent electrodes 12 and 22 is large. It is a photograph of the time.

As can be seen in FIG. 6A, when the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer 1 is weak, the phase difference of the light passing through the odd and even regions corresponds to the half wavelength of the incident light, thereby providing a clear focus at the center portion. As a result, the diffraction efficiency of the device is maximized. However, when the electric field is strong, as shown in FIG. 6B, the phase difference between the odd-numbered and even-numbered regions does not occur, so that diffraction efficiency of the device is minimized without focusing. This means that the diffraction efficiency of the device can be controlled by the voltage difference between the transparent electrodes 12, 22.

7 is a graph illustrating diffraction efficiency measured at a focal length of a liquid crystal Fresnel lens element according to a voltage difference applied to the transparent electrodes 12 and 22 according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is shown that the diffraction efficiency can be changed continuously.

8A to 8C are graphs showing the diffraction efficiency of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as a function of the linear polarization direction of incident light, wherein voltages applied to the liquid crystal layer 1 are 0 V and 1 V, respectively. And diffraction efficiency at 10V. The incident light was incident perpendicularly to the substrates 10 and 20 and the linear polarization direction was changed from 0 degrees to counterclockwise 360 degrees.

When a low voltage of 1 V is applied to the liquid crystal layer 1 as shown in FIG. 8B, the diffraction efficiency of the device is almost maximum, and a large voltage of 10 V is applied to the liquid crystal layer 1 as shown in FIG. 8C. At that time, the diffraction efficiency of the device almost disappeared.

As can be seen in FIGS. 8A to 8C, the diffraction efficiency of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element of the present invention is almost independent of the polarization of the incident light since the diffraction efficiency is maintained at a substantially constant value at most angles. In addition, the diffraction efficiency can be adjusted by changing the magnitude of the applied voltage.

As described above, in the present invention, at least one of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer having axial symmetry is diffracted without polarization dependence of incident light by using a photoreactive alignment layer which forms a horizontal alignment region orthogonal to each other in a concentric circular ring region. A liquid crystal Fresnel lens element having efficiency can be provided. The diffraction efficiency of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens element of the present invention can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the applied voltage, and a single optical mask process can be used to form multiple horizontally aligned regions in which the azimuth angles are orthogonal to each other. Otherwise, the manufacturing process is simple because no additional process such as electrode structure formation or multiple rubbing is required, and polarization dependency of diffraction efficiency can be completely eliminated.

In the above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements of those skilled in the art using the basic concepts of the present invention defined in the following claims are also provided. It belongs to the scope of the invention.

Claims (30)

A first substrate comprising a first alignment layer having axial symmetry about a vertical axis, A second substrate facing the first substrate with a predetermined gap and including a second alignment layer; and A liquid crystal layer injected between the first substrate and the second substrate Including; The second alignment layer includes two or more alignment regions periodically arranged about a vertical axis of the second substrate. Liquid crystal element. In claim 1, The liquid crystal layer includes two or more liquid crystal regions periodically arranged about a vertical axis of the first and second substrates. In claim 1, The first alignment layer is a liquid crystal device comprising a vertical alignment layer. In claim 1, The first alignment layer is a liquid crystal device comprising a horizontal alignment layer. In claim 1, The alignment region of the second alignment layer includes a first region and a second region alternately arranged with different horizontal alignment directions. In claim 5, The average alignment direction of the first region and the average alignment direction of the second region are vertical. In claim 6, And a horizontal alignment direction of each of the first and second regions has a deviation of -5 to about +5. In claim 6, The alignment region of the second alignment layer has a concentric ring shape. In claim 8, The ring is a circular liquid crystal device. In claim 9, The radius R ₁ of the alignment region located in the center of the alignment regions of the second alignment layer and the radius R _m of the m th alignment region from the center may be

To meet the liquid crystal device. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 10, The alignment regions of the first alignment layer may include third regions and fourth regions alternately arranged in a horizontal alignment direction in different directions, and the third and fourth regions may be formed of the first and second regions, respectively. Liquid crystal device having the same arrangement and horizontal alignment direction. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 10, The first alignment layer is a liquid crystal device comprising a vertical alignment layer.  In claim 1, An alignment region of the second alignment layer includes a first region and a second region that are alternately arranged and each having a vertical alignment direction and a horizontal alignment direction. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and 13, The liquid crystal layer has a positive dielectric anisotropy. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and 13, At least one of the first and second alignment layers is photo-aligned. A first substrate comprising a first alignment layer, A second substrate facing the first substrate with a predetermined gap and including a second alignment layer; and A liquid crystal layer injected between the first substrate and the second substrate Including; The liquid crystal layer includes two or more alignment regions that are axially symmetrical and periodically arranged about vertical axes of the first and second substrates. Liquid crystal element. The method of claim 16, And the liquid crystal layer has a hybrid alignment structure that changes from horizontal alignment to vertical alignment or from vertical alignment to horizontal alignment between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. The method of claim 16, The liquid crystal layer has a horizontal alignment structure. The method of claim 16, The liquid crystal layer includes a first region and a second region alternately arranged in the horizontal alignment direction in the vicinity of the second alignment layer. The method of claim 19, The average alignment direction of the first region and the average alignment direction of the second region are vertical. The method of claim 20, And a horizontal alignment direction of each of the first and second regions has a deviation of -5 to about +5. The method of claim 20, The alignment region of the liquid crystal layer has a concentric ring shape when viewed on the first and second substrate surfaces. The method of claim 22, The ring is a circular liquid crystal device. In claim 9, The radius R ₁ of the alignment region located in the center of the alignment regions of the liquid crystal layer and the radius R _m of the m th alignment region from the center thereof are

To meet the liquid crystal device. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, The liquid crystal layer has the same orientation in the vicinity of the first substrate and in the vicinity of the second substrate. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, The liquid crystal layer has a positive dielectric anisotropy. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, At least one of the first and second alignment layers is photo-aligned. delete Applying an alignment layer on the substrate, and Irradiating the alignment layer one or more times to form multiple alignment regions having axial symmetry in the alignment layer.  Method for producing a liquid crystal device comprising a. Applying an alignment layer on the substrate, and Surface treating the alignment layer to form multiple alignment regions having axial symmetry in the alignment layer; Including; The surface treatment step of the alignment layer, Irradiating ultraviolet light linearly polarized on the alignment layer in a first direction, and Irradiating ultraviolet rays linearly polarized in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction through an optical mask in which transmission regions having axial symmetry and light blocking regions are alternately disposed. The manufacturing method of a liquid crystal element.

Images