KR100640223B1 - Matrix mixture for lost-wax casting - Google Patents

Matrix mixture for lost-wax casting Download PDF

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KR100640223B1
KR100640223B1 KR1020060030360A KR20060030360A KR100640223B1 KR 100640223 B1 KR100640223 B1 KR 100640223B1 KR 1020060030360 A KR1020060030360 A KR 1020060030360A KR 20060030360 A KR20060030360 A KR 20060030360A KR 100640223 B1 KR100640223 B1 KR 100640223B1
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mold
casting
lost
particle diameter
wax
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Korean (ko)
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임인호
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임인호
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/06Permanent moulds for shaped castings

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Matrix composition mixture for lost-wax casting is provided to be repeatedly employed in investment casting such as lost-wax casting without requiring alternative mold, and to clearly express outlines of even small printing types by comprising mudstone, loess and molding sand in a desired composition ratio. The matrix composition mixture is prepared by admixing 50-80vol.% of mudstone having particle diameter less than 0.2mm, 15-40vol.% of loess having particle diameter less than 0.2mm and 5-15vol.% of molding sand having particle diameter less than 0.2mm together; adding water to the admixture to form a wet paste in a mixing ratio by weight of the admixture to water ranging from 3 to 4.5:1.

Description

고인쇄 금속활자 주조용 주형조성물{Matrix mixture for lost-wax casting}Matrix mixture for lost metal type casting

도 1은 본 발명의 주형조성물로 제작한 고인쇄 금속활자 주조용 주형 내에 용융금속을 주입하여 굳힌 후 주형(鑄型)의 하부를 깨뜨려 본 사진.Figure 1 is a photograph of breaking the lower part of the mold after injecting molten metal into the high-printing metal type casting mold made of the molding composition of the present invention and hardening.

도 2는 본 발명의 주형조성물을 이용한 밀랍주조용 주형의 제작공정도.Figure 2 is a manufacturing process of the wax casting mold using the molding composition of the present invention.

본 발명은 주입식 정밀주조법(investment casting)으로 알려진 로스트왁스 공정(lost-wax casting)에서 사용 가능한 주형조성물에 관한 것으로서 더욱 구체적으로는 주형조성물의 반복 사용이 가능하고, 용탕(용융금속) 주입이 자연주입방식으로 이루어질 수 있으며, 특히 고품질의 금속활자가 제조 가능한 고인쇄 금속활자 주조용 주형조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a mold composition that can be used in a lost-wax casting known as investment casting, more specifically, it is possible to repeat the use of the mold composition, the injection of molten metal (melt metal) is natural It can be made by injection method, and in particular relates to a mold composition for high-print metal type casting can be produced high-quality metal type.

일반적으로, 금속활자를 만드는 방식에는 밀랍주조방식과 주물사주조방식이 있는데, 고인쇄 금속활자의 주조에는 대부분 밀랍주조방식이 사용된다.In general, there are a wax casting method and a molding sand casting method for making a metal type, most of the wax casting method is used for casting a high-print metal type.

그러나 종래 밀랍주조방식에서는 주형(鑄型)의 소재로 석고(용액)가 이용됨으로써 다음과 같은 문제점이 있었다.However, the conventional wax casting method has the following problems by using gypsum (solution) as the material of the mold (鑄型).

즉 ① 고인쇄 금속활자의 주조에 사용된 석고 주형은 한번 쓰면 재사용이 불가능하다는 점, ② 금속활자를 꺼내는 과정에서 망치로 깨뜨린 주형은 폐기물이 되어 이를 처리하는데 별도로 비용이 들뿐 아니라 아무 곳에나 버릴 경우 토양오염의 원인이 된다는 점, ③ 석고 주형은 통기성과 방열특성이 좋지 못해 주조분야에서 흔히 사용하는 장치로 용탕(용융금속)을 강제주입해야 하고 용탕이 주형 내에서 식을 때까지 걸리는 시간이 길다는 단점이 있었다.In other words, ① Plaster molds used for casting of high-print metal type are not reusable once used. ② Molds that are broken with a hammer in the process of removing metal type become waste and are not only expensive but disposed of anywhere. It is a cause of soil pollution. ③ As gypsum mold has poor air permeability and heat dissipation characteristics, it is a device commonly used in the casting field, and it is required to inject molten metal and the time taken for the molten metal to cool in the mold is long. There was a downside.

이에 반해 주물사주조방식은 주조된 활자 면이 거칠고 크기가 작은 것을 주조할 경우 활자의 윤곽이 불분명하다는 단점이 있고, 용탕 주입을 위한 탕구와 탕도를 형성하는데 어려움이 따르는 문제점이 있다.On the other hand, the foundry sand casting method has a disadvantage in that the outline of the type is unclear when the cast type face is cast with a coarse and small size, and there is a problem in that it is difficult to form a ball and a ball for molten metal injection.

게다가, 밀랍주조방식이든 주물사주조방식이든 주형 제작에 별도의 거푸집이 요구되는 단점이 있다.In addition, there is a disadvantage that a separate formwork is required for mold production, whether it is a wax casting method or a casting sand casting method.

본 발명은 고인쇄(古印刷) 금속활자의 주조에 관한 종래 문제점을 개선하고자 안출된 것으로서, 금속활자의 크기가 작은 경우에도 활자 윤곽이 뚜렷하게 나타나고, 주형 제작에 사용된 소재를 몇 번이고 재사용할 수 있으며, 용탕을 주형 내에 쉽게 주입할 수 있고, 주형 제작에 별도의 거푸집이 필요없는 고인쇄 금속활자 주조용 주형조성물을 제공하는데 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to improve the conventional problems related to the casting of high-printing metal type, and even when the size of the metal type is small, the shape of the letter is clearly displayed, and the material used for making the mold can be reused many times. In addition, it is easy to inject molten metal into a mold, and an object of the present invention is to provide a mold composition for high-print metal type casting, which does not require a separate formwork.

상기 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 고인쇄 금속활자 주조용 주형조성물은 예컨대 주형조성물의 전체 부피 중에서 A) 이암(泥岩)이 차지하는 부피 비율이 50∼80%; B) 황토가 차지하는 부피 비율이 15∼40%; C) 주물사가 차지하는 부피 비율이 5∼15%; 가 되도록 혼합하여 만든 것을 특징으로 한다.Mold composition for high-print metal type casting of the present invention for solving the above problems is, for example, the volume ratio occupied by A) mudstone in the total volume of the mold composition 50 to 80%; B) from 15 to 40% by volume of ocher; C) 5-15% by volume of foundry sand; Characterized in that made to mix.

이때 바람직하게는 상기 주형조성물을 잔골재용 표준체(Fine Sieves) 호칭번호 75 이상의 체로 쳐내어 평균입자지름이 0.2mm 이하인 것만 골라서 쓰는 것이다. (청구항 1)In this case, preferably, the mold composition is sieved with a sieve of fine aggregates (Fine Sieves) No. 75 or more, and used only to select an average particle diameter of 0.2 mm or less. (Claim 1)

첨부된 도 2는 물에 개어 반죽상태로 사용하게 되는 본 발명의 주형 조성용 혼합물로 만든 밀랍주조식 고인쇄 금속활자 주형의 제작과정을 나타낸 것으로, 주형(鑄型) 제작과정은 다음과 같다.Attached Figure 2 shows the manufacturing process of the wax-casting high-print metal letterpress mold made of the mixture composition for molding the composition of the present invention to be used in the state of kneading water, the mold (鑄型) manufacturing process is as follows.

1) 밀랍활자 제작1) Beeswax Printing

공지의 방법에 따라, 붓으로 쓴 글씨(용지)를 소정 두께의 밀랍 판에 뒤집어 얹어 뜨거운 쇠붙이로 눌러 붙인 후 뒤집힌 글자 모양대로 밀랍 판에 글자를 새겨 한 자씩 잘라낸다.According to a known method, the writing (paper) written with a brush is placed on a wax plate of a predetermined thickness, placed on a wax plate and pressed with hot metal, and then the letters are engraved on the wax plate in the shape of an inverted letter and cut one by one.

2) 밀랍활자 배열2) beeswax type arrangement

이렇게 하여 만들어진 밀랍활자를 공지의 방법에 따라, 나뭇가지 형태의 밀 랍 봉 끝에 한 글자씩 붙인다.The beeswax made in this way is attached to the end of the beeswax stick in the form of twigs one by one according to a known method.

3) 흙 반죽 준비3) preparing the earthen dough

본 발명의 주형 조성용 혼합물 100g 당 약 25g의 물을 섞어 약간의 점성을 지닌 흙 반죽이 되도록 골고루 치댄다. 여기서 상기 (토사) 혼합물과 물은 이암(泥岩)의 사용량(부피)에 따라, 예를 들면 상기 혼합물: 물이 무게비로 3∼4.5:1의 비율로 혼합될 수 있다.Mix about 25 g of water per 100 g of the composition for molding composition of the present invention and mix evenly to form a slightly viscous earthy dough. Here, the (soil) mixture and water may be mixed, for example, in the ratio of 3 to 4.5: 1 in weight ratio, depending on the amount (volume) of the mudstone.

4) 밀랍활자 매립4) beeswax type

준비된 흙 반죽에 밀랍 봉을 묻어 조밀하게 다지되, 밀랍활자를 붙이지 않은 부분이 흙 반죽 바깥으로 노출되게 매립하여 다진다.Dip the beeswax rods into the prepared earthen dough and chop them tightly.

5) 밀랍 제거5) beeswax removal

이후, 밀랍 봉이 매립된 흙 반죽을 통상의 가열로에 넣어 굽게 되는데, 이 과정에서 상기 흙 반죽 속의 밀랍이 흘러나오고 수분이 증발하면서 흙 반죽이 단단해져 소망하는 고인쇄 금속활자 주조용 주형을 얻게 된다.Thereafter, the earthen batter is filled with beeswax rods are baked in a conventional heating furnace, during which the wax in the earthen batter flows out and moisture evaporates to harden the earthen dough to obtain a mold for casting a desired high-print metal type.

첨부된 도 1은 본 발명의 주형조성물로 만든 주형(鑄型)에 용융금속을 주입한 뒤, 주형의 하부를 부숴 뜨려 활자 면 쪽을 바라본 사진이다.1 is a photograph of a molten metal injected into a mold made of the mold composition of the present invention and then smashed the lower part of the mold to look at the letter surface side.

0.2mm이하의 입자를 선별해서 만든 본 실시예의 주형은 용융금속이 주입되는 공동(空洞)의 내면이 매우 고를 뿐 아니라, 물성이 다른 3종류의 무기재료가 적정 비율로 섞인 것이어서 무수히 많은 미세구멍(pore)을 가진 다공질 구조로 되어 있다. 따라서, 용융금속의 주입시 뜨거워진 공기가 이들 미세구멍을 통해 쉽게 배출되어 별도의 동력과 장치를 사용하지 않고도 용탕을 자연스럽게 주입할 수 있고, 주입된 용융금속이 빨리 냉각될 수 있다.The mold of this embodiment made by selecting particles of 0.2 mm or less has a very uniform inner surface of the cavity into which the molten metal is injected, and three kinds of inorganic materials having different physical properties are mixed at an appropriate ratio. pore) with a porous structure. Therefore, the hot air is easily discharged through these micropores when the molten metal is injected, so that molten metal can be naturally injected without using a separate power and device, and the molten metal injected can be cooled down quickly.

또한, 고운 입자로만 흙 반죽을 만들어 쓰기 때문에 밀랍활자에 새긴 가늘고 작은 글씨도 주형(鑄型)의 공동 내면에 뚜렷하게 본을 뜰 수 있다. 따라서, 윤곽이 뚜렷한 고인쇄 금속활자를 얻을 수 있다.In addition, because the dough is made of fine particles only, fine and small letters engraved on the wax can be clearly seen on the inside of the cavity of the mold. Therefore, a high-print metal type with a clear outline can be obtained.

또한, 주형 제작시 사용된 수분(물)은 밀랍을 제거하기 위한 가열과정에서 대부분 기화되어 주형(鑄型)의 내부가 매우 건조한 상태에 있기 때문에, 금속조직 사이에 스며든 수증기에 의해 기포가 생기는 일이 없다. 따라서, 조직이 매우 치밀한 금속활자를 얻을 수 있고, 금속활자의 내구성이 향상될 수 있다.In addition, the water (water) used in the manufacture of the mold is mostly vaporized during the heating process to remove beeswax and the interior of the mold is in a very dry state, so bubbles are generated by water vapor permeating between the metal structures. There is no work. Therefore, a very dense metal type can be obtained, and the durability of the metal type can be improved.

이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 주형조성물은 내열성이 우수한 3종류의 무기재료를 섞어 만든 것이므로 고온의 용융금속에 접하더라도 타일처럼 딱딱하게 변성되는 일이 없어 몇 번이고 이를 재사용할 수 있다.As described above, since the molding composition according to the present invention is made of a mixture of three kinds of inorganic materials having excellent heat resistance, even when contacted with hot molten metal, the mold composition does not hardly deform like a tile and can be reused many times.

또한, 0.2mm이하의 고운 입자로 주형을 만들기 때문에, 금속활자에 나타내려는 글씨가 가늘고 작은 경우에도 활자 윤곽을 뚜렷하게 할 수 있다.In addition, since the mold is made of fine particles of 0.2 mm or less, the outline of the letter can be made clear even if the letters to be displayed on the metal type are thin and small.

또한, 물성이 다른 3종류의 무기소재를 혼합하여 사용함으로써, 주형(鑄型)의 방열특성이 향상되고 용융금속이 무동력으로 주입될 수 있다.In addition, by mixing and using three kinds of inorganic materials having different physical properties, the heat dissipation characteristics of the mold can be improved and molten metal can be injected with no power.

또한, 본 발명의 주형조성물은 적당량의 물과 섞이면 점성이 생기므로 주형 제작을 위한 별도의 거푸집이 필요 없다.In addition, since the mold composition of the present invention is viscous when mixed with an appropriate amount of water, there is no need for a separate formwork for producing a mold.

Claims (2)

전체 부피 중에서Out of the total volume A) 입자 지름 0.2㎜ 이하의 이암이 차지하는 부피 비율이 50∼80%;A) The volume ratio of the mudstone of 0.2 mm or less of particle diameters is 50 to 80%; B) 입자 지름 0.2㎜ 이하의 황토가 차지하는 부피 비율이 15∼40%;B) the volume fraction of the loess having a particle diameter of 0.2 mm or less is 15 to 40%; C) 입자 지름 0.2㎜ 이하의 주물사가 차지하는 부피 비율이 5∼15%;C) 5-15% of the volume fraction of the foundry sand having a particle diameter of 0.2 mm or less; 로 섞여 있는 혼합물을 물에 개어 반죽상태로 만들어 쓰되, 상기 혼합물: 물이 3∼4.5:1의 무게비로 혼합되어 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고인쇄 금속활자 주조용 주형조성물.The mixture is mixed with water to make a dough state, wherein the mixture: water composition for casting high-print metal type casting, characterized in that used in a weight ratio of 3 to 4.5: 1. 삭제delete
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CN106623771A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-05-10 四川大学 Rapid investment casting method for one-piece steel casting artwork
CN110922135A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-03-27 中铁二十局集团市政工程有限公司 Red sandstone improved soil and preparation method thereof

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