KR100572114B1 - NRD Waveguide Transceiver for Millimeter Wave - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a transmitter for a millimeter wave band using a NRD guide configured to transmit and receive in a manner of separating the oscillator of a transmitter and a receiver in constructing a transceiver for use in microwave and millimeter wave bands. The oscillation element constituted by Gunn diode mount is mounted at the end of the NRD guide line of the duplexer and the end of the NRD guide line of the 180 ° band for modulation and separate local oscillation, respectively. A duplexer for transmitting / receiving separation may prevent a transmission signal from passing through to a receiver to cause interference, and configure a full duplexer to enable high sensitivity reception even during transmission.

NRD guide circuit, transmitter / receiver, duplex, bandpass filter, oscillator

Description

Transmitter for millimeter wave band using NRD guide {NRD Waveguide Transceiver for Millimeter Wave}

1 is an overall perspective view of a transceiver for an NRD guide.

2 is a plan view of a transmitter / receiver for an NRD guide.

3 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of a transmitter / receiver for an NRD guide.

4 is a perspective view of an oscillation element equipped with a gun diode that causes oscillation in a 60 GHz band in a modulator and a local oscillator.

5 is a projection view of a mode compressor for suppressing unnecessary modes.

6 is a graph showing the change of the oscillation center frequency according to the rectangular metal thin film length of the strip resonator.

7: The perspective view which shows the structure of the primary and secondary circulators for NRD guides.

8: A perspective view showing a duplexer for transmitting and receiving separation.

9 is a perspective view showing a detailed structure of a cylindrical ceramic resonator.

10 is a graph showing transmission loss characteristics of a bandpass filter on a transmission line for a use frequency of 60 GHz.

11 is a graph showing transmission loss characteristics of a bandpass filter on a reception line for a use frequency of 60 GHz.

12 is a perspective view showing a modulator for obtaining ASK modulation of a transmitting end.

Fig. 13: A perspective view showing the structure of the Schottky diode mount.

14 is a graph of modulation characteristics in which a modulated signal is increased for each frequency of a transmission modulated signal in a modulator.

Fig. 15 is a plan view showing a balance mixer composed of a 3 dB coupler and two Schottky barrier diode mounts.

16 is a graph showing the results of conversion loss according to an intermediate frequency IF received using a balance mixer.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: upper conductor plate

2: lower conductor plate

3: antenna

4, 5: cylindrical ceramic resonator

6, 7: Ferrite resonator constituting circulator for NRD guide

8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15: mode

16, 17: Oscillator with Gun Diode

18, 19: strip resonator for feeding oscillating wave from gun diode mount to NRD guide line

20: Schottky diode mount with Schottky barrier diode

21, 22: Schottky Diode Mount with Schottky Barrier Diode in Balanced Mixer Section

23, 24, 25: High Permittivity Sheets for Impedance Matching of NRD Guide Lines and Dielectric Substrates

26: Rear Teflon placed behind the Schottky Barrier Diode Mount of the Modulator

27, 28: rear teflon placed behind the Schottky barrier diode mount mounted on the balance mixer section

29 and 30: frequency stabilized ceramic resonator

31: NRD guide line with a radius of curvature of 180 °

32a, 32b, 32c, 32d: NRD guide track

33: gun diode

34: Teflon disc

35: ceramic disc

36: teflon tube

37: Schottky Barrier Diode

38: metal thin film

39, 40: ferrite disc

41: Teflon tube for ferrite resonator

Non-radioactive dielectric waveguides (NRD waveguide) should be less than half the wavelength of the desired frequency of the conductive parallel plate, and a new concept transmission line is formed by inserting non-radial dielectric lines therebetween, and the millimeter wave band (30GHz to It has lower transmission loss than the microstrip line for the frequency of 300 GHz), and it is easier to process and easier to construct than the conventional waveguide.

In the transceiver using the conventional NRD guide (cited invention: Application No. 10-2001-0008331), the oscillation signal from the oscillator distributes the signal power through the 3dB coupler to send to the modulator and the balance mixer, The carrier path receiver is used as a local oscillation wave.

At this time, in the millimeter wave band (30 GHz to 300 GHz), the signal power coupled and distributed from one oscillator is reduced in stability due to the influence of temperature, voltage, and load compared to the original signal power in the process of being transmitted to the modulator and the balance mixer. As a result, phase noise is generated and excellent characteristics as an oscillation signal source necessary for high-speed communication are not obtained, so the sensitivity of the receiver becomes low, making long-distance communication difficult.

In addition, the unstable signal power distributed by the coupler generally obtains a local oscillation wave (LO) filtered using a bandpass filter, but the modulation signal carried by the oscillation of the transmitter becomes a noise at the receiver, and the transmission modulated signal is returned. The reception signal is affected, and the transmission modulation signal is mixed with the reception signal to generate an interference signal, and thus, the reception sensitivity is lowered as a whole.

The present invention is an apparatus and method for solving the above problems,

Instead of using the oscillation signal power distributed by the coupler as the signal power source of the transmitter and receiver, the oscillation element 16 for local oscillation and the oscillation element 17 for modulation on the transmission side are separately mounted and mounted.

In addition, in order to fundamentally block the influence of the modulated signal caused by the transmission oscillation as the noise on the receiving side, the signals carried in the transmission signal are received by attaching the transmission / reception bandpass filters 4 and 5 to the NRD guide lines 32 at both ends of the transmission and reception. It aims to enable high-sensitivity reception by constructing duplexer that inherently blocks incoming signal.

In the transceiver for the millimeter wave band using the NRD guide of the present invention,

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a transceiver for an NRD guide, and FIG. 2 is a view showing a plan view of a transceiver for an NRD guide.

1 and 2,

The receiving end and the transmitting end are divided into the receiving end and the transmitting end around the antenna and the transmitting and receiving duplexer, and the transmitting end is composed of the antenna 3, the ASK modulator and the transmitting and receiving duplexer. Lose.

The ASK modulation section of the transmitting end consists of the input port, the blocking port and the output port centering on the ferrite resonator (7) of the primary circulator at an angle of 120 °, and the input port includes the mode sprayer (11) and the NRD guide. The line 32c, the mode compressor 14, the strip resonator 19, and the oscillation element 17 are configured in this order, and the blocking port is the mode compressor 12 and the front Teflon to enable ultra-high speed and wideband ASK phase modulation. NRD guide line (32b), Schottky barrier diode mount (20), high dielectric constant sheet (23) and rear Teflon NRD guide line (26) in this order, the output port is a mode compressor (13), NRD guide line 32a is comprised in order.

The balance mixer section of the receiving end constitutes a balance mixer section as a directional coupler in which the band section and the NRD guide straight line section are coupled at an optimum gap, and the band section consists of an NRD guide curved line 31 to transmit local oscillation waves. The oscillation element 16 for local oscillation is separately mounted at the tip of the NRD guide curve line 31, and at the rear end, a Schottky barrier diode mount 22 is disposed between the front 31 and the rear Teflon NRD guide line 28. The high dielectric constant sheet 25 for impedance matching is inserted on both sides thereof, and the NRD guide linear line portion is configured between the front 32b and the rear Teflon NRD guide line 27. Is equipped with a high dielectric constant sheet 24 for impedance matching on both sides is configured in the form inserted in order.

The transmitting / receiving duplexer is composed of the antenna 3, the transmitting band pass filter unit and the receiving side band pass filter unit in order of 120 ° centering around the ferrite resonator 6 of the secondary circulator. 8) and NRD guide lines, and the transmitting and receiving band pass filter unit is a mode compressor (9, 10), three or four cylindrical ceramic resonators (4, 5) and NRD guide transmitting and receiving lines (32a, 32b) ) Are organized in order.

3 is a block diagram illustrating the operation of the NRD guide transceiver.

In FIG. 3, the oscillation element 17 for the modulator, which generates the oscillation using the gun diode 33, is mounted at the end of the NRD guide line of the primary circulator, and is transmitted to the modulator using the primary circulator. The modulated signal is obtained, and the modulated signal is transmitted to the antenna 3 by a duplexer (dotted line) after passing through the primary circulator.

In addition, the signal to be received is guided to the antenna 3 and transmitted to the input terminal of the 3dB coupler of the balance mixer section by a duplexer (in the dotted line), and the oscillation power by the oscillation element 16 mounted on the 180 ° band section is local. The oscillating power LO is mixed with the signal power distributed by the coupler to obtain the intermediate frequency IF.

In the present invention, the oscillation element 16 for local oscillation and the oscillation element 17 for modulation section which cause oscillation in the 60 GHz band are shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the oscillation element uses a gun diode 33, mounts a gun diode mount to dissipate heat generated when the gun diode 33 operates, and oscillates by applying a bias to the gun diode 33. Strip resonators 18 and 19 are used to feed the radio waves to the NRD guide line 32. Mode suppressors 14 and 15 are inserted to suppress the unnecessary mode that occurs at this time.

5 is a projection view of the mode sprayer.

6 is a graph showing the change of the oscillation center frequency according to the length of the rectangular metal thin film 38 of the strip resonators 18 and 19 having a pattern of the rectangular metal thin film 38 of the dielectric substrate having a dielectric constant of 2.56 and a thickness of 0.3 mm. It is a figure shown. According to FIG. 6, it can be seen that when the length of the metal thin film is 1.8 mm, the desired frequency is oscillated at 60 GHz.

7 is a perspective view illustrating the structures of the primary circulator and the secondary circulator.

In Fig. 7, the circulator is a representative irreversible element. In other words, the asymmetric type causes an unnecessary mode, and the same mode press shown in FIG. 5 between the NRD guide line 32 and the ferrite resonators 6 and 7 in which the angle of the circulator is arranged at 120 ° intervals. By inserting, the transmission loss due to the unnecessary mode can be prevented.

In Fig. 7, the ferrite resonators 6 and 7 inserted into the circulator are composed of ferrite disks 39 and 41 and Teflon tubes 40 in the dotted circles. The diameters of the ferrite disks 39 and 41 used in the 60 GHz band were 2.8 mm, the thickness was 0.78 mm, and the height of the Teflon tube 40 was 1.69 mm.

In the present invention, a duplexer for transmitting / receiving separation is shown in FIG. 8 in order to fundamentally block the influence of the modulated signal subjected to transmission oscillation as noise on the receiving side. The duplexer for preventing signal interference during transmission and reception is composed of a band pass filter unit on the transmitting side and the receiving side.

The filter unit is composed of three or four cylindrical ceramic resonators (4, 5), by adjusting the diameter φ of the cylindrical ceramic resonators (4, 5) optimally, the resonance mode of the ceramic resonators (4, 5) is TE _02δ resonance mode And an EH _11δ resonant mode, and three or four cylindrical ceramic resonators are coupled to the transmitting and receiving NRD guide lines 32a and 32b in order to form narrow band and wide band pass filter units.

9 is a perspective view showing the detailed structure of the cylindrical ceramic resonators 4 and 5 used in the bandpass filter for transmitting and receiving separation. A diagram showing a ceramic resonator constructed by using a Teflon disk 34, a ceramic disk 35, and a Teflon tube 36 having the same diameter. The ceramic disk 35 was made of a material having a relative dielectric constant of 24. In the resonance mode, the diameter was 2.5 mm in the TE _02δ mode and 2.0 mm in the EH _11δ mode.

10 and 11 are graphs illustrating transmission loss characteristics of a bandpass filter for a use frequency of 60 GHz according to transmission and reception. When transmitting and receiving at 20dB, the separation band showed about 1.2GHz and the insertion loss in the band was less than about 1dB, and the loss characteristics of the cut-off and passband were excellent.

12 is a perspective view illustrating a modulator for obtaining ASK modulation of a transmitting end. The Schottky diode mount 20 was mounted between the front Teflon 32 and the rear Teflon 26 NRD guide lines, and a high dielectric constant sheet 23 having a size of 0.14 mm was mounted therebetween to achieve impedance matching. In order for the input input wave oscillated in the oscillator to obtain the ASK modulated signal due to the phase difference in the modulator, the rear Teflon NRD guide line 20 is 1.5 mm in size to obtain wide ASK modulation characteristics.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing the structure of the Schottky diode mounts 20, 21, 22. Figs. The Schottky barrier diode 37 is mounted on a 0.3 mm dielectric substrate having a dielectric constant of 2.56.

14 is a graph of modulation characteristics in which a modulated signal is increased for each frequency of a transmission modulated signal in a modulator. When transmitting, the carrier frequency is 60.65 GHz, and it can be seen that the modulated signal level of the modulated left and right bands has a substantially constant output (modulation degree) when the frequency is changed from 1 to 500 MHz (1 Gbps).

Fig. 15 is a plan view showing a balance mixer composed of a 3dB coupler and two Schottky barrier diode mounts 21 and 22. Figs. Schottky diode mounts 21 and 22 are mounted between the front end and the rear Teflon lines of the receiver and the 180 ° band section 31, and 0.14 mm high dielectric constant sheets 24 and 25 are inserted therebetween. Impedance matching was performed.

FIG. 16 graphically shows the results of conversion loss according to the intermediate frequency IF received using a balance mixer. A conversion loss of less than 10dB was obtained up to about 1.8GHz.

In the present invention,

The signal power of the transmitter and receiver separates and mounts the local oscillation element 16 that causes oscillation at the end of the 180 ° band section 31 and the modulation oscillation element 17 on the transmission side, and cleans the oscillation wave in the millimeter wave band. Can be obtained.                     

In addition, the bandpass filter (4, 5) for transmitting / receiving separation can be attached to the NRD guide line 32 at both ends of the transmitting / receiving so that it can be configured as a duplexer having excellent skirt characteristics, low loss and temperature compensation. The band pass filter can block the incoming of signal to the receiving circuit, and high sensitivity can be transmitted and received.

In addition, although the operating frequency was implemented at 60 GH, integrated circuits in the existing microwave and millimeter wave bands are easy to configure, and a single terminal can be used to transmit and receive. duplexer) communication.

Claims (7)

In the transceiver for millimeter wave band, An input port, a blocking port, and an output port constitute an ASK modulator at a 120 ° angle around the ferrite resonator 7 of the primary circulator; The input port comprises a mode compressor 11, an NRD guide line 32c, a mode compressor 14, a strip resonator 19, and an oscillation element 17 in this order; The blocking port has a mode compressor (12), a front Teflon NRD guide line (32b), a Schottky barrier diode mount (20), a high dielectric constant sheet (23), and a rear Teflon NRD guide line to enable high speed and wideband ASK phase modulation 26) in order; The output port is a millimeter wave band transceiver using an NRD guide, characterized in that the mode compressor (13), the NRD guide line (32a) is configured in order. In the transceiver for millimeter wave band, the receiving unit The NRD guide band portion and the NRD guide straight line portion constitute a 3 dB directional coupler; The band portion is composed of an NRD guide curve line 31, and a local oscillation element 16 for transmitting a local oscillation wave is separately mounted at the tip of the NRD guide curve line 31, and the front end 31 and the rear end thereof. A Schottky barrier diode mount 22 is mounted between the rear Teflon NRD guide lines 28 so that a high dielectric constant sheet 25 for impedance matching is inserted on both sides; The NRD guide straight line part has a Schottky barrier diode mount 21 mounted between the front 32b and the rear Teflon NRD guide line 27 so that a high dielectric constant sheet 24 for impedance matching is inserted on both sides in order. Transmitter and receiver for millimeter wave band using NRD guide, characterized in that the configuration. In the transceiver for the millimeter wave band, the duplexer The antenna 3, the transmitting side bandpass filter portion and the receiving side bandpass filter portion are composed of 120 ° angles in this order around the ferrite resonator 6 of the secondary circulator; The antenna is composed of a mode compressor 8 and an NRD guide line; Transmitting and receiving band pass filter unit is characterized in that the mode compressor (9, 10), three or four cylindrical ceramic resonators (4, 5) and the NRD guide transmitting and receiving lines (32a, 32b) in order Transmitter and receiver for millimeter wave band using NRD guide. The method of claim 3, wherein the transmitting and receiving band pass filter unit, A bandpass filter part for preventing signal interference during transmission and reception, comprising three or four cylindrical ceramic resonators 4 and 5; The diameter phi of the cylindrical ceramic resonators 4 and 5 is adjusted so that the resonance modes of the ceramic resonators 4 and 5 become the TE _02δ resonance mode and the EH _11δ resonance mode; In addition, three or four cylindrical ceramic resonators are sequentially coupled at both ends of the transmitting and receiving NRD guide lines 32a and 32b to form a narrow band and a wide band pass filter unit. Transceiver. The duplexer according to claim 3 or 4, wherein The cylindrical ceramic resonators 4 and 5 constitute a narrow band duplexer by sequentially configuring a transmitting side and a receiving side narrow band pass filter unit, a secondary circulator and an antenna 3 which are in the TE _02δ resonance mode. Transmitter and receiver for millimeter wave band using NRD guide. The duplexer according to claim 3 or 4, wherein Three or four cylindrical ceramic resonators (4, 5) _combine the transmitting and receiving side broadband pass filter unit, the secondary circulator and the antenna (3) in the EH _11δ resonance mode in order to obtain a broadband duplexer. Transmitter and receiver for millimeter wave band using NRD guide, characterized in that the configuration. delete

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