KR100561836B1 - A coding method of the key value data in the information of the deformation to 3D animation object - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for encoding key value information of shape conversion data of a 3D animation object in 3D graphics, wherein the key value encoding apparatus generates a search start vertex in response to connection information between vertices to be encoded. A search start vertex generator that receives coordinate interpolation data and search start vertex start information from the search start vertex generator and configures the connectivity information of the vertices; A quantizer for quantizing the output data of the ADPCM processor, a coded bit number generator for generating coded bits for X, Y, and Z of the key values in response to the quantization results, and X, Y, and Z of the key values. And an entropy processing unit that receives the number of encoded bits and removes the bit redundancy present in the quantized value.

Description

A coding method of the key value data in the information of the deformation to 3D animation object}

1 is a block diagram of a key value information encoder and decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a block diagram of a key value information encoder and decoder that compensates for a quantization error according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a search start vertex generating method of the search start vertex generator illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

4 is a detailed block diagram of an encoding bit generator illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for describing a coded bit calculation method performed by the coded bit number generator illustrated in FIG. 4.

6 is a view showing the structure of a bit stream according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention relates to three-dimensional graphics, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for encoding key value information of shape conversion data of a three-dimensional animation object in three-dimensional graphics.

The three-dimensional graphic animation expresses the shape and attribute information of the three-dimensional object, and the change and motion information of the shape and the attributes of each object over time are represented by animation data. The basic method used in three-dimensional graphic animation is the key framing method, which is based on a time variable key. The key frame of the object is determined by the key value corresponding to each key. And express the intermediate animation process by linear interpolation. The key and the key value constitute components of the animation data. The key means a time variable and the key value means an animation variable.

On the other hand, the method of expressing the shape of the three-dimensional object is a method using a polygonal mesh (polygonal mesh), and a method using a patch (parametric patch) using a periodic visibility variable. Each object using these two methods can express the shape change, the property change and the movement change of the object with the passage of time of the 3D animation data. Such animation data has a characteristic that is dependent on the method of expressing the shape information of the object. . In order to provide natural animation of these objects, the number of keys must increase, and the number of key values must increase proportionally. Therefore, a large amount of animation data is required, which causes problems with storage, processing cost and efficiency in terms of application field.

 The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is a three-dimensional object expressed in the form using a polygon mesh or a patch using a periodic visibility variable, a large amount of three provided as the shape deformation information of the three-dimensional object over time The present invention provides a method and apparatus for efficiently compressing, encoding, and decoding key value information of dimensional graphic animation data.

In order to achieve the above object, the key value encoding apparatus according to the present invention,

A search start vertex generator for generating a search start vertex in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded; A BFS configuration unit configured to receive coordinate interpolation data and the search start vertex start information from the search start vertex generator and configure connectivity information of the vertices; An ADPCM processor defining spatial correlations of the vertices in response to the connectivity information of the vertices; A quantizer for quantizing output data of the ADPCM processor; A coded bit number generation unit for generating coded bit numbers for X, Y, and Z of key values in response to the quantization result; And an entropy processing unit which receives the number of encoded bits for X, Y, and Z and removes bit redundancy present in the quantized value.

In order to achieve the above object, the key value encoding apparatus according to the present invention,

A search start vertex generator for generating a search start vertex in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded; A BFS configuration unit configured to receive coordinate interpolation data and the search start vertex start information from the search start vertex generator and configure connectivity information of the vertices; A quantizer for quantizing the connectivity information of the vertices; An ADPCM processor that defines a spatial correlation of the vertices in response to the quantized result; A coded bit number generation unit for generating coded bit numbers for X, Y, and Z of key values in response to the quantization result; And an entropy processing unit which receives the number of encoded bits for X, Y, and Z and removes bit redundancy present in the quantized value.

In order to achieve the above object, the key value encoding method according to the present invention,

Generating a search start vertex in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded; Constructing connectivity information of the vertices in response to coordinate interpolation data and the search start vertex start information; Defining spatial correlation of the vertices in response to the connectivity information of the vertices; Quantizing the defined spatial correlation data; Generating the number of encoded bits for X, Y, and Z of key values, respectively, in response to the quantization result; And an entropy processing step of accepting the number of encoded bits for X, Y, and Z to remove bit redundancy present in the quantized value.

In order to achieve the above object, the key value encoding method according to the present invention,

Generating a search start vertex in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded; Constructing connectivity information of the vertices in response to coordinate interpolation data and the search start vertex start information; Quantizing the connectivity information of the vertices; Defining spatial correlation of the vertices in response to the quantization result; Generating coded bits for X, Y, and Z of key values, respectively, in response to the defined spatial correlation data; And an entropy processing step of accepting the number of encoded bits for X, Y, and Z to remove bit redundancy present in the quantized value.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a block diagram of a key value information encoder and decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a key value information encoder and decoder according to another embodiment of the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 1, the demultiplexer (DeMux) 110 of FIG. 1 receives an adaptive differential interpolator (CI) and an indexed faceset (IFS) node classified by a parser 105, and adaptive differential. It distributes to an adaptive delta pulse code modulation (ADPCM) processor 125, also called a pulse coding method processor, and a search start vertex generator (Get start; 115). Here, the IFS node is provided as information that is referred to to generate difference information about the first key frame of the CI. In the key frame animation method, since the CI and IFS have a 1: 1 correspondence, It is efficient in terms of reducing the amount of data to be encoded in the key frame defined at the first key position. The BFS component (VertexConnectivity) 120 is a processor that generates connectivity information of vertices. The BFS information is received from the search start vertex generator 115 by receiving CIdx (CoordIdx) field data of the IFS node and search start vertex start information (start). Configure This BFS information is used by the ADPCM processing unit 125 to define the spatial correlation of the vertices.

BFS is a representation method that redefines the shape information of a 3D object having a polygon mesh structure into a graph structure of a width-first method. It consists of all the neighboring vertices adjacent to each vertex as child nodes to indicate the spatial correlation between the vertices. Defining the spatial correlation like this effectively removes the redundancy of data during encoding by utilizing the property that vertices adjacent to each other in three-dimensional space have similar motion vectors when the three-dimensional object is transformed on the time axis. Because it can be used.

As described above, the encoder 100 according to the present invention converts position values of vertices to be encoded into differential values in order to reduce redundancy of data. In this process, when the quantized difference values of the unquantized values are quantized and reconstructed, a position change occurs between each vertex reconstructed due to the quantization error of the three-dimensional object to be encoded. As a result, each partial object is restored to a separate form. In order to reduce such a quantization error, the present invention provides an encoder 200 and a decoder 250 which reduce the quantization error as shown in FIG. 2. The quantization error as described above can be prevented by using the difference value between the already quantized values. For this purpose, in FIG. 2, the positions of the ADPCM processor 125 and the quantizer 130 of FIG. An inverse ADPCM processor 275 and a dequantizer 225 including an ADPCM processor 230 and a quantizer 225 in which the positions of the inverse ADPCM processor 180 and the inverse quantizer 175 of FIG. Group 280. In the key value information encoder 200 and the decoder 250 illustrated in FIG. 2, when compared with the encoder 100 and the decoder 150 illustrated in FIG. The basic operation is the same as that of FIG. Therefore, in order to avoid duplication of description, detailed descriptions of the operations of the encoder 200 and the decoder 250 illustrated in FIG. 2 will be omitted.

The key value information encoders 100 and 200 and the decoders 150 and 250 according to the present invention find a starting point that can be encoded more efficiently when starting a breadth-first search, and use the BFS. The BFS constructing unit 120 constituting the graph generates a more efficient BFS graph.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a search start start generation method of the search start vertex generators 115, 165, 215, and 265 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Referring to FIG. 3, the search start vertex generators 115, 165, 215, and 265 first receive connection information CIdx between vertices, and obtain the number of vertices (frequency CIdx _i ) connected to all vertices ( Step 305), an index of the vertices having the most connected vertices among them is obtained (step 310). The vertex of the index is output as a search start vertex (step 315). This search start vertex is the starting vertex in the BFS search. Adjacent vertices have similar motion vectors. The more vertices that are adjacent, the more vertices are affected when the vertex changes. Thus, when a vertex that has the most influence on adjacent vertices is selected as the starting vertex, the BFS search graph generates the adjacent graph more efficiently. If the search is done from a few vertices with few adjacent vertices, a search graph is generated that does not affect much around. Thus, more efficient search graphs are created through the generation of search start vertices, such as the third degree.

Referring back to FIGS. 1 and 2, the quantized data generated through the ADPCM processor 125 and the quantizer 130 illustrated in FIG. 1 or the quantizer 225 and the ADPCM processor 230 illustrated in FIG. 2. Is input to the key value encoding bit generators 135 and 235. The operations performed by the coded bit generators 135 and 235 are as follows.

4 is a detailed block diagram of the coded bit generators 135 and 235 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. 4, the coded bit generators 135 and 235 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 are collectively referred to by reference numeral 400 for convenience of description. The coded bit generator 400 is largely composed of a maximum min calculator 405 and a coded bit generator 410. Referring to FIG. 4, the maximum minimum calculator 405 included in the coded bit generator 400 may determine a key value, data corresponding to a first key frame of a CI, and a BFS search graph BFS. Accept as input The maximum value MaxX and the minimum value MinX in the quantization data of X, the maximum value MaxY and the minimum value MinY in the quantization data of Y, and the maximum value MaxZ in the quantization data of Z are among the key values. And the minimum value MinZ are received and transmitted to the coded bit number generator 410. The coded bit number generator 410 generates coded bit numbers Qstep_X, Qstep_Y, and Qstep_Z that can sufficiently represent a range of quantized data for each X, Y, and Z. In this case, the encoding bit calculation method used to obtain the encoding bit number is as follows.

으로 정해지고, 최소값(Min)의 절대 값이 최대값(Max)보다 작거나 같지 않으면 부호화 비트수(Qstep)(즉, Qstep_X, Qstep_y, Qstep_Z)는

으로 정해진다. 이와 같은 방법에 의해서, X, Y, Z의 양자화 데이터에 대한 부호화 비트수(Qstep_X, Qstep_y, Qstep_Z)가 구해지고, 이들 값들이(Qstep_X, Qstep_y, Qstep_Z) 도 4의 부호화 비트수 생성기(410)를 통해 출력된다.FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an encoding bit calculation method performed by the encoding bit number generator 410 illustrated in FIG. 4. Referring to FIG. 5, in the encoding bit calculation method according to the present invention, first, the maximum value MaxX and the minimum value MinX in the quantized data of X and the maximum value MaxY and the minimum value MinY) and the maximum value MaxZ and minimum value MinZ are input from the quantized data of Z. When the maximum value Max (ie MaxX, MaxY, MaxZ) and minimum value Min (ie MinX, MinY, MinZ) are entered, it is determined whether the absolute value of the minimum value Min is less than or equal to the maximum value Max. It is determined (step 605). As a result of the determination, if the absolute value of the minimum value Min is less than or equal to the maximum value Max, the coded bit number Qstep is

If the absolute value of the minimum value Min is not less than or equal to the maximum value Max, the number of coded bits Qstep (that is, Qstep_X, Qstep_y, Qstep_Z) is

It is decided. By this method, the number of coded bits Qstep_X, Qstep_y, and Qstep_Z for the quantized data of X, Y, and Z is obtained, and these values (Qstep_X, Qstep_y, Qstep_Z) are encoded bit number generator 410 of FIG. Is output via

Referring back to FIGS. 1 and 2, the coded bits Qstep_X, Qstep_Y, and Qstep_Z are input to the entropy processing units 140 and 240 to remove the bit redundancy present in the quantized value by using a probability of generating a bit symbol. . As a result, the final bit streams 145 and 245 are generated through the bit stream generator.

6 is a view showing the structure of a bit stream according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6, the final bit streams 145 and 245 generated through the bit stream generator are largely composed of header information 500 and key value information 505. These header information 500 and key value information 505 mean information processed by one CI node. The header information 500 is information provided as a quantization condition to be performed by the inverse quantizer 175 to restore the CI node in the decoders 100 and 200, and the quantization size of the key value (Qstep_KV) as indicated by reference numeral 515. The number of encoded bits of X in the key value (Qstep_X), the number of encoded bits of Y in the key value (Qstep_Y), the number of encoded bits of Z in the key value (Qstep_Z), and the value differential from the quantizer 130 are 0 to 1. It consists of the minimum value (MinX, MinY, MinZ) and maximum value (MaxX, MaxY, MaxZ) used to normalize to the range of. The key value information 505 is configured as shown by reference numeral 510, and includes key value information according to a search order of the BFS.

As described above, a bitstream generated through a series of encoding processes may restore data through the inverse process of the encoding process in the decoders 150 and 250 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. However, in order to restore the key frame for the first key of each node in the decoders 150 and 250, and generate the BFS representing the spatial correlation of the three-dimensional object like the BFS components 170 and 270, the search is performed. Through the start vertex generators 165 and 265, IFS node data and search start vertex must be input. Demultiplexers 160 and 260 accept IFS and pass CIdx to search start vertex generators 165 and 265.

The invention can also be embodied as computer readable code on a computer readable recording medium. The computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording devices in which data that can be read by a computer system is stored. Examples of computer-readable recording media include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage, and the like, and may also be implemented in the form of a carrier wave (for example, transmission over the Internet). Include. The computer readable recording medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion.

As described above, according to the key value encoding method and apparatus for the shape conversion information of the three-dimensional animation object according to the present invention, a search start vertex suitable for generating a more efficient BFS search graph when encoding key values is provided. The key value of the CI can be encoded more efficiently by allocating and encoding the number of encoded bits according to the quantized data. In addition, since the quantization error is not accumulated at other vertices except for the corresponding vertex during decoding, when the 3D object composed of a collection of several partial objects is decoded, the partial objects are not restored to each other. do. Therefore, in a three-dimensional object represented by using a polygon mesh or a patch using periodic visibility variables, a key value of a large amount of three-dimensional graphic animation data provided as shape deformation information of the three-dimensional object over time. Information can be efficiently compressed, encoded and decoded.

Claims (18)

A search start vertex generator for generating a search start vertex in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded; A BFS configuration unit configured to receive coordinate interpolation data and the search start vertex start information from the search start vertex generator and configure connectivity information of the vertices; An ADPCM processor defining spatial correlations of the vertices in response to the connectivity information of the vertices; A quantizer for quantizing output data of the ADPCM processor; A coded bit number generation unit for generating coded bit numbers for X, Y, and Z of key values in response to the quantization result; And And an entropy processing unit which receives the number of encoded bits for the X, Y, and Z, and removes the bit redundancy present in the quantized value. A search start vertex generator for generating a search start vertex in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded; A BFS configuration unit configured to receive coordinate interpolation data and the search start vertex start information from the search start vertex generator and configure connectivity information of the vertices; A quantizer for quantizing the connectivity information of the vertices; An ADPCM processor that defines a spatial correlation of the vertices in response to the quantized result; A coded bit number generation unit for generating coded bit numbers for X, Y, and Z of key values in response to the quantization result; And And an entropy processing unit which receives the number of encoded bits for the X, Y, and Z, and removes the bit redundancy present in the quantized value. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the search start vertex generator obtains the number of vertices connected to all the vertices in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded, and obtains the index of the vertex having the most connected vertices among them. And generating the vertex of the index as the search start vertex. The key of claim 1 or 2, wherein the entropy processing unit removes the bit redundancy present in the quantized value using a probability of occurrence of a bit symbol. Value encoding device. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coded bit number generator Accepts the key value, the data corresponding to the first key frame of the coordinate interpolation data, and the output of the BFS component, wherein the maximum and minimum values of the quantized data of X of the key values, and the quantized data of Y A maximum minimum calculator for outputting maximum and minimum values and maximum and minimum values of the Z quantized data; And And a coded bit number generator for generating a coded bit number generator that can sufficiently represent a range of quantization data for the X, Y, and Z of the key value. Encoding device. The method of claim 5, wherein the coded bit number generator Comparing the maximum and minimum values of the quantization data of X, the maximum and minimum values of the quantization data of Y, and the maximum and minimum values of the quantization data of Z, respectively, among the key values inputted from the maximum minimum calculation unit, If the absolute value of the minimum value is less than or equal to the maximum value, the number of encoded bits

If the absolute value of the minimum value is less than or equal to the maximum value, the number of encoded bits

And a key value encoding apparatus for the shape conversion information of the 3D animation object. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the entropy processing unit outputs a result of removing bit redundancy present in the quantized value as a bit stream. . 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the bit stream is The quantization magnitude of the key value, the number of coded bits of X of the key value, the number of coded bits of Y of the key value, the number of coded bits of Z of the key value, and the value differential from the quantizer ranges from 0 to 1. Header information including information of minimum and maximum values used to normalize to a value; And And key value information in accordance with a search order of the BFS. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the data encoded by the encoding apparatus is decoded into original data by applying the encoding process in reverse order. . Generating a search start vertex in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded; Constructing connectivity information of the vertices in response to coordinate interpolation data and the search start vertex start information; Defining spatial correlation of the vertices in response to the connectivity information of the vertices; Quantizing the defined spatial correlation data; Generating the number of encoded bits for X, Y, and Z of key values, respectively, in response to the quantization result; And And an entropy processing step of receiving the number of encoded bits for the X, Y, and Z, and removing bit redundancy present in the quantized value. . Generating a search start vertex in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded; Constructing connectivity information of the vertices in response to coordinate interpolation data and the search start vertex start information; Quantizing the connectivity information of the vertices; Defining spatial correlation of the vertices in response to the quantization result; Generating the number of encoded bits for X, Y, and Z of key values, respectively, in response to the defined spatial correlation data; And And an entropy processing step of receiving the number of encoded bits for the X, Y, and Z, and removing bit redundancy present in the quantized value. . 12. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein generating the search start vertex Obtaining a number of vertices connected to all the vertices in response to the connection information between the vertices to be encoded; Obtaining an index of a vertex having the largest number of connected vertices among the number of vertices; And And generating the vertex of the index as the search start vertex. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein the entropy processing step removes the bit redundancy present in the quantized value by using a probability of occurrence of a bit symbol. Key value encoding method. 12. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein generating the number of encoded bits Comparing the maximum and minimum values of the quantized data of X, the maximum and minimum values of the quantized data of Y, and the maximum and minimum values of the quantized data of Z, respectively, of the key values input from the maximum minimum calculator; ; If the absolute value of the minimum value is less than or equal to the maximum value, the number of encoded bits

Outputting to; And If the absolute value of the minimum value is not less than or equal to the maximum value, the number of encoded bits

And a key value encoding method for the shape conversion information of the 3D animation object. The key value encoding of the shape conversion information of the 3D animation object according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the entropy processing unit outputs a result of removing bit redundancy present in the quantized value as a bit stream. Way. The method of claim 15, wherein the bit stream is The quantization magnitude of the key value, the number of coded bits of X of the key value, the number of coded bits of Y of the key value, the number of coded bits of Z of the key value, and the value differential from the quantizer ranges from 0 to 1. Header information including information of minimum and maximum values used to normalize to a value; And And key value information according to the search order of the BFS. 12. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein the data encoded by the encoding apparatus is decoded into original data by applying the encoding process in reverse order. . A computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the method of claim 10 or 11 on a computer.

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