KR100511385B1 - Apparatus for diagnosing anomia - Google Patents

Abstract

A nodular aphasia test apparatus is disclosed. The storage unit stores presentation problems belonging to a plurality of tasks and evaluation criteria for each task. The input unit receives an answer to the presentation problem from the subject. The output unit outputs the presentation problem to the subject. The task execution unit presents the picture name task to examine the subject's performance in the process from visual stimulus input to utterance, the picture-word match task to measure the subject's response ability to the name that fits the picture, and the vocabulary of the subject's vocabulary. Measures vocabulary determination to measure the preservation of words corresponding to the picture and the identification of the subject's suggested words, word name assignment to measure the subject's reading speed, and the ability of the subject's non-verbal semantic processing. The presenting problems belonging to each of the semantic judgment tasks to be presented are presented to the subject in a predetermined order, and the subject's ability to perform the task is measured according to the evaluation criteria based on the noon and the response time of the answers input from the subject. The diagnosis unit diagnoses whether or not acute aphasia and types of naming aphasia for a subject are determined according to a predetermined patient type classification criteria based on the task performance ability of each subject measured by the process performing unit. According to the present invention, by performing symptom-oriented diagnosis based on a speech processing model, it is possible to diagnose and classify patients with speech disorders, especially in the clinical field, in depth and precisely.

Description

Apparatus for diagnosing anomia}

The present invention relates to a test apparatus for diagnosing and classifying a patient with cognitive aphasia in a speech disorder. It relates to a device for inspecting.

If a language disorder occurs due to cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction or extensive brain injury, it is called aphasia. In the case of speech impairment, unlike the physical impairment, there is a big impairment in resocialization, but in reality, there are almost no methods of diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. In particular, since the characteristics of ethnicity and language are very large in the case of language, it is difficult to introduce test instruments or treatment tools of advanced countries with advanced studies. Due to this problem, there is a Korean version of KBNT (Boston naming task) as a test tool for diagnosing naming aphasia, which is currently used in Korea. Rather, it only provides information on naming aphasia.

Nominal aphasia is part of a language disorder, especially a disorder in which the name of a familiar thing cannot be named. Patients with namely aphasia have conceptual indications but have difficulty withdrawing words. Nameless aphasia is the highest incidence of aphasia, and the frequency of occurrence is steadily increasing. Previous studies have reported impairments according to several subconcepts, depending on the characteristics of naming aphasia. Semenza, Zettin (1989), and Damasio (1991) have shown results of differences between proper and common nouns. McCarthy and Warrington (1988) reported a patient with nomenclature aphasia with differences between artifacts and natural objects, and many studies have reported selective damage according to categories of objects. However, there is a problem that these findings are not reflected in the existing tools for diagnosing patients with aphasia. In addition, the existing studies all relate to the diagnosis of syndrome rather than symptom. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to accurately diagnose the patient with aphasia because the diagnosis of the patient with aphasia is based on a broad range of syndromes, not specific symptoms.

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for testing naming aphasia based on the specific symptoms of a patient with nasal aphasia using Korean as the native language.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a naming aphasia test apparatus comprising: a storage unit for storing a presentation problem belonging to a plurality of tasks and an evaluation criterion for each task; An input unit for receiving an answer to the presentation problem from a subject; An output unit which outputs the presentation problem to the examinee; Picture title task to test the subject's ability to respond to the process from visual stimulus input to speech, Picture-word matching task to measure the subject's response ability to the name that matches the presented picture, Vocabulary of the subject Vocabulary judgment task to determine whether the word corresponding to the picture shown in the figure is well preserved and whether the subject correctly identifies the word presented, a word name task for measuring the reading speed of the subject, and the subject The presenting questions belonging to the semantic judgment task for measuring the ability of the non-verbal pure semantic processing process are presented to the subject in a predetermined order, and whether the answer received from the subject for each task is noon and the response time. Based on the evaluation criteria, the subject's ability to perform the task Measuring task execution unit that; And a diagnosing unit for diagnosing whether or not nausea aphasia and type of aphasia aphasia for the subject are based on a predetermined patient type classification criteria based on the task performing ability of the subject for each task measured by the process performing unit. do.

As a result, by performing symptom-oriented diagnosis based on the speech processing model, it is possible to diagnose and classify patients with speech disorders in a clinical setting in depth and precisely.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the aphasia aphasia test apparatus according to the present invention.

The nominal aphasia test apparatus according to the present invention is designed based on the following characteristic elements. First, it is produced based on the theory of language processing revealed in the existing language psychology. 1 is a diagram illustrating a language processing model related to reading proposed by Ellis and Young. Referring to FIG. 1, a sound word recognized by hearing is interpreted as a phoneme level 170 by the auditory analysis system 100, and a written word recognized by time is visualized. After the correspondence relationship 160 of the phoneme-phone is analyzed by the analysis system 110, the phoneme level 170 is interpreted and uttered. In this case, the auditory analysis system 100 and the visual analysis system 110 refer to the auditory input vocabulary 120 and the visual input vocabulary 130, respectively, and the auditory input vocabulary 120 and the visual input vocabulary 130 are common. Reference is made to the semantic system 140. In addition, the semantic system 140 refers to the voice output vocabulary 150.

Since the nomenclature aphasia test apparatus according to the present invention is constructed on the basis of the theory of language processing, the syndrome of nomenclature aphasia is based on the language processing model, so that any part of the elements constituting the language processing model may be damaged or disabled to read. You can figure out if you can't. For example, if you simply show a picture and develop a diagnosis of naming aphasia because you have a naming disorder, you can show the same word as a picture and use a lexical decision task. It is possible to determine whether the vocabulary is damaged or if the semantic system and the vocabulary are intact but the connection is incomplete and there are symptoms of naming aphasia. In addition, all materials used for diagnosis use Hangul materials whose validity and reliability have been verified by previous studies. Since most language-related studies have been conducted overseas, it is essential to refer to the results of existing Korean studies in diagnosing Korean speakers.

Second, the test is performed by measuring the reaction time for the subject who did not exist in the existing test tool. In other words, the development of a method of testing naming aphasia based on word vocabulary judgments and noon judgments in reading tasks, and by measuring the reaction time of each vocabulary judgment, reading and semantic judgments Discover and classify different features Third, the results of these tests can be quantified to facilitate analysis, and smooth diagnosis can be performed by performing data presentation, result collection, analysis, and database in real time by a computer. Fourth, because it is a symptom-oriented diagnostic device rather than a symptom, a more detailed and precise diagnosis of naming aphasia is possible.

Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a naming aphasia test apparatus according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the naming aphasia test apparatus 200 according to the present invention includes a storage unit 210, an input unit 220, an output unit 230, a control unit 240, a task performing unit 250, and a diagnosis unit. The unit 260 is provided.

The storage 210 stores the presentation problem belonging to each task and the correct answer of the presentation problem. In addition, the storage unit 210 stores the evaluation criteria for each task. The evaluation criteria include a criterion for determining whether or not there is a vocabulary reading ability of the subject based on noon of answer to each task, and a criterion for determining whether or not the subject has a vocabulary reading ability based on the response speed of the subject. .

The input unit 220 is an input means for inputting information such as a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, and the like, and information input from the subject through the input unit 220 is transmitted to the task performing unit 250. The output unit 230 is a means for outputting information such as a monitor, a speaker, etc., and the task performing unit 250 presents the presentation to the examinee through the output unit 230. When the inspection progress command is input from the inspection performer through the input unit 220, the controller 240 controls the task performing unit 250 based on the set task execution order. At this time, the control unit 240 is a component of the input unit 220 corresponding to the type of information presented to the examinee (for example, the task to receive a voice input from the examinee to activate the microphone, the view output to the monitor The task of selecting an answer among the above is to activate the keyboard and mouse) and the component of the output unit 230 corresponding to the type of information to be input from the subject (for example, the task shown in the figure activates the monitor). For example, the task presented by voice activates the speaker.

The task performing unit 250 provides the subject with a picture naming task (PNT), a picture-word matching task (PMT), a lexical decision task (LDT), a semantic judgment task ( The Semantic Decision Task (SDT) and the Word Naming Task (WNT) are presented in a prescribed order and the noon and response time of the answers received from the subject are measured. The task performing unit 250 outputs, through the output unit 230, a presentation problem and a presentation stimulus for each task, which are stored in the storage unit 240, according to a task execution order. Figure 3 shows an example of the presentation problem presented to the subject in the picture title task. The examinee inputs the name of each figure presented through the output unit 230 using an input key provided in the input unit 220 or inputs a voice through a microphone provided in the input unit 220. The task performing unit 250 records whether or not the noon and the reaction time for the reaction of the subject input through the input unit 220. In addition, the task performing unit 250 determines whether or not the correct performance of each task is provided to the diagnosis unit 260 based on whether noon and response time of the answer received from the subject for each task.

First, the picture title task is to present a picture to a subject and to name it without a hint. The task performing unit 250 instructs the examinee to input the usage or meaning of what is shown in the figure when the answer is not received within a predetermined time from the examinee or the received answer is incorrect. In this process, if the correct answer is not received from the subject within a predetermined time, the task performing unit 250 causes the subject to present and name the meaningful and phonological hints to the subject sequentially. This method serves as an indicator of the experiments and results that will be conducted later. In other words, if the usage or meaning explanation is not good, there is a high probability that the correct answer is not received from the subject even after the semantic hints and the phonological hints are presented, and inaccurate responses may occur in the subsequent meaning determination task. The picture title task measures all processes from visual stimulus input to speech in the human language information processing model. If any part of this process is damaged, this task is not well accomplished.

The figure output to the output unit 230 by the task performer 250 when performing the task of the figure name constitutes two allotype sets with 50 figures for 100 figures in line drawing, each set being It consists of more than 10 categories. For example, each set is divided into spheres (nature / artificial) and abstracts (occupation, activity), and natural objects are composed of plants, animals, parts of the body, and abiotic creatures. In addition, artefacts are divided into subcategories such as household appliances, furniture, transportation, clothing, and tools. By dividing the categories of pictures, it is easy to measure damage to specific categories of patients with aphasia as opposed to the existing test tools.

On the other hand, the task performing unit 250, if the subject enters an incorrect answer for a task belonging to a specific category during the execution of the picture title task, exceeds a predetermined reference value or the response time is higher than the predetermined reference time, Present the task to the subject. For example, if it is determined that there is a problem with the subject in response to the task belonging to the artifact set, the task performer 250 outputs only the picture of the home appliance, which is a subcategory of the artifact set, to the subject. Each figure is divided into high frequency and low frequency, so it is expected to show high reliability with existing KBNT. The picture title task was newly constructed by grouping the basic ones used in the existing research and clinical scene. Also, by constructing a set of allotypes, problems caused by repeating the same stimulus during follow-up can be minimized.

The picture-word matching task is for the subject to measure the ability to detect a name that matches the same picture as the picture name task. Unlike picture naming tasks, picture-word matching does not require the processing of word retrieval and naming, and measures the processing of visual input and the processing of the lexical access to retrieve the appropriate word. Figure 4 shows an example of the presentation problem presented to the subject in the picture-word matching task. The task performing unit 250 provides the subject with a presentation problem belonging to the picture-word matching task read out from the storage unit 240 through the output unit 230, and the noon of the answer received from the subject through the input unit 220. Check the status and reaction time. To keep the difficulty of each task presented constant, the three examples consist of words that correspond to the picture being presented, words that belong to the same category as the word being presented, and words that belong to a different category than the word being presented.

The Vocabulary Judgment Task is a task to measure the ability of a subject to grasp the nonwords of a given word by presenting the words corresponding to the pictures of the picture title task and the same nonwords. The lexical judgment task can determine whether the words corresponding to the pictures presented in the subject's vocabulary are well preserved and whether the subject identifies the words correctly. If the subject fails to perform the vocabulary determination task well, it may be assumed that some words stored in the mental vocabulary are damaged and a naming aphasia disorder has occurred. In the same way as the previous experiment, the on-line task is used to measure the response time and error rate. The task performing unit 250 reads out a presentation problem belonging to the lexical judgment task from the storage unit 210 and outputs it to the output unit 230, and outputs a noon and response time of an answer input from the subject through the input unit 220. Check it.

The word naming task is a task to measure the reading speed of a subject. To this end, the task performing unit 250 presents the name of the picture presented in the picture name task to the examinee through the output unit 230 and instructs the subject to read the name of the picture presented. The voice of the examinee is input through a microphone provided in the input unit 220, and the task performer 250 measures the accuracy of the pronunciation and the reading speed based on the input voice of the examinee. While the lexical judgment task is a task for measuring the subject's ability to judge words / nonwords, the word naming task is a task for measuring the ability to search for words in the mental vocabulary of the subject and then to articulation and voice processing. . If the subject performs the vocabulary determination task correctly but does not perform the word naming task well, all the words of the subject's mental vocabulary are well preserved, but it may be assumed that there is a problem in converting or calculating the speech stimulus.

The semantic judgment task is to measure the subject's ability to process non-verbal pure semantic processing. 5 illustrates an example of a presentation problem belonging to a semantic determination task output to the output unit 230. Referring to FIG. 5, a subject selects a picture belonging to the same category as the picture presented in the view by using a button or a mouse provided in the input unit 220. The semantic judgment task differs from the semantic classification task in that it only measures pure semantic processing that excludes the subject's language processing. If the subject lacks the ability to perform the semantic judgment task, it may be assumed that a naming aphasia has occurred because of a problem in the semantic processing part.

The diagnosis unit 260 generates a diagnosis result for the subject's name aphasia by comparing the test result derived by the task performing unit 250 with a reference value set for each task. According to the test result by the task performing unit 250 described above, patients with aphasia aphasia may be classified as described in Table 1. Therefore, the diagnosis unit 260 determines and outputs the patient type to which the examinee belongs based on the test result corresponding to each task.

PNT PMT LDT SDT WNT A X O O O O B X X O O X C X X X O X D X X O X X E X X O O O

The characteristics of each type of patients with nasal aphasia classified by the criteria listed in Table 1 are as follows.

Patients with type A naming aphasia may not have a complete connection between the semantic system and the phonological output lexicon, and the semantic system and the phonological output lexicon itself may be damaged. Patients with type B naming aphasia are somewhat lexical, but have difficulty in finding proper words due to problems with the phonological output lexicon. Type C patients with aphasia are more likely to have problems with the semantic system and have difficulty finding words. Patients with type D aphasia are more likely to have difficulty finding words because the connection between the semantic system and the mental vocabulary is incomplete. Patients with type E aphasia are more likely to have difficulty finding words due to incomplete connection between visual input system and semantic system. In addition, many patients can be classified into patients with aphasia aphasia according to the characteristics of the patient and the performance of the task.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific preferred embodiments described above, and the present invention belongs to the present invention without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the claims. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, and such changes are within the scope of the claims.

According to the aphasia aphasia test apparatus according to the present invention, by performing a symptom-oriented diagnosis based on the speech processing model, it is possible to diagnose and classify patients with aphasia, especially in the clinical field, in depth and precisely. . In addition, since the DB can be constructed in a certain format using a computer, it can be used as a basic data for treatment and rehabilitation as well as diagnosis, and can provide a basic model of other aphasia test tools.

1 is a diagram illustrating a language processing model related to reading proposed by Ellis and Young.

2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a device for testing aphasia aphrodisiac according to the present invention;

3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a presentation problem presented to a subject in a figure title task;

4 is a diagram showing an example of a presentation problem presented to a subject in a picture-word matching task; and

5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a presentation problem belonging to a semantic determination task output to the output unit 230.

Claims (5)

A storage unit for storing a presentation problem belonging to a plurality of tasks and an evaluation criterion for each task; An input unit for receiving an answer to the presentation problem from a subject; An output unit which outputs the presentation problem to the examinee; Picture title task to test the subject's reaction ability to the process from visual stimulus input to utterance, Picture-word matching task to measure the subject's response ability to the name that fits the presented picture, Vocabulary of the subject Vocabulary judgment task to determine whether the word corresponding to the picture shown in the figure is well preserved and whether the subject correctly identifies the word presented, a word name task for measuring the reading speed of the subject, and the subject The presenting questions belonging to the semantic judgment task for measuring the ability of the non-verbal pure semantic processing process are presented to the subject in a predetermined order, and whether the answer received from the subject for each task is noon and the response time. Based on the evaluation criteria, the subject's ability to perform the task Measuring task execution unit that; And A diagnosing unit for diagnosing whether or not nausea aphasia and type of aphasia aphasia for the subject based on a predetermined patient type classification criteria based on the task performing ability of the subject for each task measured by the process performing unit; Nominal aphasia test apparatus, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, The task performing unit outputs a predetermined figure through the output unit when the figure name task is performed, and inputs the use or meaning of the outputted figure to the subject if the correct answer is not input within the first reference time from the subject. And if the correct answer is not input within the second reference time from the subject after instructing the user to input the usage or meaning of the figure, the subject is sequentially given a semantic hint and a phonological hint about the printed figure. An aphasia aphasia test apparatus, characterized in that presented to the subject. The method of claim 1, The picture outputted to the output unit by the task performing unit when performing the picture title task consists of 50 sets of two allomorphic sets, each set consisting of 10 or more categories, The task performing unit is assigned to a sub-category of the specific category when the number of incorrect answer inputs of the subject for a task belonging to a specific category exceeds the predetermined reference value or the response time of the subject is higher than a predetermined reference time during the execution of the picture title task. Apparatus for identification of aphasia aphasia, characterized in that to present the subject to the subject. The method of claim 1, The patient type according to the patient type classification criteria is not completely connected to the semantic system and the phonological output lexicon, and the first type corresponding to the patient with the damaged semantic system and the phonological output lexicon is complete. A second type corresponding to a patient having a problem in phonological output vocabulary and having difficulty in finding an appropriate word, a third type corresponding to a patient having a problem in finding a word due to a problem in the semantic system, the semantic system and a mental vocabulary Is divided into a fourth type corresponding to a patient having difficulty in finding a word due to incomplete connection, and a fifth type corresponding to a patient having difficulty in finding a word due to incomplete connection between the visual input system and the semantic system. Nominal aphasia test apparatus, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, The task performing unit sends the same picture as the picture presented to the examinee through the output unit when performing the figure name task to the examinee through the output unit when the figure-word matching task is performed and when the vocabulary determination task is performed. Nominal aphasia test apparatus, characterized in that presenting.