KR100496813B1 - Method for producing 3-dimensional digital map of facilities using gps measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a digital map containing information on new buildings and facilities, and more specifically, to obtain a standard correction function by measuring a reference point coordinate value received through GPS, and to obtain a new building or facility acquired from a GPS receiver. It relates to a method of producing a digital map by correcting the input of the coordinate value and the surrounding information with the standard correction function.

The method according to the present invention can produce a digital map that provides various location information and precise location information by including not only coordinate values and fluctuations of buildings and facilities, but also surrounding information.

Description

Method for Producing 3-Dimensional Digital Map of Facilities using GPS Measurement

Field of invention

The present invention relates to a method for producing a digital map containing information on new buildings and facilities, and more specifically, to obtain a standard correction function by measuring a reference point coordinate value received through GPS, and to obtain a new building or facility acquired from a GPS receiver. It relates to a method of producing a digital map by correcting the input of the coordinate value and the surrounding information with the standard correction function.

Background of the Invention

GPS was first developed by the US Department of Defense in the 1970s, and is a satellite-based radio navigation system.It was originally developed for military use, but has been rapidly spread to civilian use. The degree increased further. Positioning by GPS can determine the location of unknown point by observing the time required for the radio wave from the satellite which knows the exact position to reach the receiver.

GPS is rapidly spreading to various applications by combining satellite research, coordinate system and launch and reception time of radio waves, improvement of satellite orbit and development of reception technology. Of course, the US Navy's Doppler method of TRANSIT, which was a navigation and positioning system before GPS, existed, but it can be said to be lower than GPS in terms of its use range and accuracy.

GPS is a service that is open for private use and anyone can receive signals using the Coarse-Acquisition (C / A) code. Occurs.

The factors that reduce the accuracy of GPS positioning can be divided into three parts. First, the errors caused by structural factors include satellite time error, satellite position error, ionospheric and convective refraction, noise, and multipath. There is

Among the methods of surveying using GPS, a real-time mobile positioning (RTK) -GPS method is generally used as a locally surveyable GPS system. This method sends the correction information of the known point to the unknown point in real time.The surveyor can measure the distance and azimuth difference between two points in real time by informing the general GPS survey using the wireless communication. That's the way. Its use value is high as surveying method for mass observation such as surveying field and GIS data which can be processed in real time in disaster prevention and construction field. 1 shows an overview of real time mobile positioning.

The real-time mobile positioning method is a surveying method that can measure the distance, azimuth, and altitude difference between two points in real time by informing the general GPS survey by using wireless communication. In the GPS signal system, the positioning method by the carrier has much improvement in accuracy than the positioning by code. However, the independent survey by the carrier also has the disadvantage of being less accurate than the postprocessing relative survey method.

RTK, a high-precision mobile surveying technique, was developed for this purpose. The basic concept is to allow the user to obtain observations with several centimeters of precision in real time using the carrier error correction value of the reference point with precise positioning. .

The basic concept of RTK is that the data transmitted from the reference station is carrier received data for error correction. Due to its relatively larger size than DGPS, a more stable and faster information delivery communication system is required. Currently, it is mainly used in various fields of GPS application, and all applications such as GSIS, surveying, and navigation have been put into practical use by focusing on the use of RTK technique.

Maps have been used as a traditional means for humans to obtain information about the land, and the map is a data source that records information about the land, such as important topography and facilities, and provides the necessary information for each field. However, it is difficult to record the contents that change from time to time, which makes it difficult to use the map, and suggests an effective method of collecting, processing, and analyzing data using a computer, and is a comprehensive space that can efficiently process vast and diverse data. GIS, a processing technology, has developed.

The most basic data for developing such GIS are maps, which include topographic maps, geological maps, soil maps, cadastral maps and underground facilities such as water and sewage, underground telephone wiring and underground gas pipelines. These maps are usually produced by aerial photography, surveying, etc., and can only obtain the linearity of the terrain. In order to use them in GIS, it is necessary to quantify the state of roads through separate survey analysis. Is usually done only for two dimensions. However, there is a need for a topographic map including three-dimensional coordinate values (x, y, z) in relation to the current leisure, military purpose or environment.

Recently, a digital map reflecting various information has been developed. However, a need for a digital map containing accurate information has been raised while quickly reflecting the fact that new buildings or facilities are newly constructed and existing buildings or facilities are closed within a short time.

Accordingly, the present inventors have completed the present invention by confirming that the coordinate values of new buildings and facilities in the measurement target area can be measured by a GPS receiver, and that a digital map can be produced by correcting errors more accurately through a correction function. .

As a result, an object of the present invention is to provide a digital map that can be easily retrieved by correcting the coordinates of new buildings and facilities received through GPS more precisely, classifying them by cell, and storing them with surrounding information.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the steps of: i) preparing a GPS receiver for position measurement and a digital map database capable of reading and writing; ii) Coordinate values (X _i , Y _i , Z _i) by selecting a point corresponding to a vertex of a building or a facility in a target area where the digital map is to be produced from the GPS receiver or any point selected from the perimeter of the building as a representative point write i = 1, 2, ..., r) to the database; iii) if the coordinate value is in an existing building or facility, delete the data of the existing numerical map and input the measurement coordinate value; if the coordinate value is in a new building or facility, enter the measurement coordinate value, Converting and recording the coordinate values of a closed building or facility in the existing digital map by converting the digital map data into the digital map data; iv) inputting the surrounding information including the area of the building or facility, the surrounding construction status, the current status of the surrounding facilities, and the new year into a database corresponding to each building or facility; And v) dividing the target area for digital mapping into k cells (C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , ..., C _k ) to classify the coordinate values, heights, and surrounding information of buildings or facilities belonging to each cell by cell. In the digital map manufacturing method containing the new building and facility information including the step of storing in a database, the measured coordinate value (X _i , Y _i , Z _i ) of the building or facility is corrected through the following steps It provides a method characterized by:

a) obtaining coordinate values (Xb _n , Ybn, Zb _n , where n = 1,2,3, ........, m) of the nth reference point position in the target area for which the digital map is to be produced; ;

b) moving the GPS to a reference point to obtain coordinate values (Xa _n , Ya _n , Za _n );

c) n-th order correction function (Xe _n = Xa _n -Xb _n , Ye) from coordinate values (Xb _n , Yb _n , Zb _n ) of the _nth reference point and coordinate values (Xa _n , Ya _n , Za _n ) obtained from GPS _n = Ya _n -Yb _n , Ze _n = Za _n -Zb _n );

d) repeating steps a) through c) m times;

e) obtaining a standard correction function of the n th order correction function (standard correction function: , , ); And

f) obtaining a correction coordinate value (Xe _i , Ye _i , Ze _i ) by correcting the coordinate value of the survey point by the standard correction function of step e), where Xe _i = X _i -Xe, Ye _i = Y _i -Ye, Ze _i = Z _i -Ze) step.

In the present invention, the coordinate values and surrounding information of buildings or facilities classified by cell in step v) are classified by height to set the level for each height section and stored in the database, or the level is set according to the area of each building or facility. It can be characterized in that the storage in the database.

On the basis of the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the present invention having the features as described above in detail as follows.

1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of producing a digital map by measuring GPS coordinates of a new building or facility according to the present invention.

That is, a GPS receiver and a read / write database for position measurement are prepared, and coordinate values (X _i , Y _i , Z _i : i = 1,2, r) is obtained (S101) and recorded in the database. The coordinate value is corrected to obtain the corrected coordinate value by reflecting the error, and reflected in the numerical map, in the present invention is corrected through a standard correction function described later (S102).

If the building or facility measuring the coordinate value is an existing one, delete the data of the numerical map and input the measurement coordinate value, and if the new building or facility is the same, enter the measurement coordinate value, and remove the building or facility that has disappeared from the existing numerical map. The coordinate values are deleted, converted into numerical map data, and recorded (S103, S104).

Next, input the surrounding information including the area of the building or facility, the surrounding construction status, the surrounding facility status, and the new year into the database so as to correspond to each building or facility, and divide the target area for digital mapping into k cells (C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , ..., C _k ) to classify the coordinate value, height and surrounding information of the building or facility belonging to each cell by cell to store in the database (S105).

In order to record the measured coordinate values more precisely, the present invention produces a digital map by correcting errors and inputting corrected coordinate values.

That is, the cause of the error included in the GPS measurement coordinates can be largely divided into the error due to the environmental factors and the error caused by the GPS itself. Environmental factors affecting the error are the error of the ionosphere, the error due to the refraction of the convective layer, and the time error of the satellite, as described above. However, if GPS is used to obtain the coordinates in a short time in a small area, the environmental factors affecting the acquired coordinates can be ignored because of the limited time and space.

In the present invention, in order to correct the measured coordinate values (X _i , Y _i , Z _i ) of each building, a standard correction function is obtained and reflected to obtain a corrected coordinate value.

2 is a flowchart of obtaining a standard correction function for correcting a measured coordinate value in producing a numerical map according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the method used to correct an error included in a coordinate value measured by GPS in real time will be described below.

Obtain the coordinate values (Xb _n , Yb _n , Zb _n , where n = 1,2,3, ........, m) of the nth reference point location in the target area for which the digital map is to be produced, and GPS After obtaining the coordinate values (Xa _n , Ya _n , Za _n ) by moving to the reference point, the coordinate values (Xb _n , Yb _n , Zb _n ) of the _nth reference point and the coordinate values (Xa _n , Ya _n obtained from GPS) to obtain a n-order correction function (Xe _n = Xa _{n n} -Xb, Ye _n = _n -Yb Ya _{n, n} = Ze Za -Zb _{n n)} from _n Za).

The step of obtaining the n-th order correction function is repeated m times.

The standard correction function (Xe, Ye, Ze) of the nth-order correction function repeated m times is obtained using the following formula:

.

The survey coordinate values of each building are corrected by the standard correction function in the above step to obtain correction coordinate values (Xe _i , Ye _i , Ze _i ), where Xe _i = X _i -Xe, Ye _i = Y _i -Ye, Ze _i = Z _i -Ze), and save it to create a digital map.

The coordinate value of a building is selected and recorded as at least one coordinate that can represent each building, and a representative point is selected at a point corresponding to a vertex of each building or a random point selected from the perimeter of the building.

In addition, the area to be measured is divided into k cells to record the location, height, area, and surrounding information of each cell or facility. The building coordinate values and surrounding information classified by cell are classified by the height of the building, or classified by area. By setting it up, it is necessary to provide a digital map that can search for building divisions by height or area.

Figure 3 shows the measured value of the coordinates of the new building by adding a dotted line to the newly added building in the numerical map. In FIG. 3, ① and ② indicate the buildings which are not stored in the existing numerical map by dotted lines. In this case, the added new building may be displayed as a dotted line as shown in FIG. 3, but may be displayed in a different form from the existing building by changing the thickness of the line or changing the color.

FIG. 4 is a numerical map showing a newly formed pedestrian crossing in dotted lines. ③ is a dotted line showing the crosswalk not shown in the existing numerical map. The newly established facility may be indicated by a dotted line as shown in the figure, but the thickness or line of the line may be displayed differently on the map, or the text may be indicated by entering text.

As described above in detail, the method for producing a digital map according to the present invention obtains coordinate values and survey data of a new building or facility from a GPS receiver, corrects them with a standard correction function calculated from coordinate values of a reference point, and measures a measurement area. By dividing the cell into several cells and storing the surrounding area information corresponding to the coordinates of the digital map, a digital map including the information classified by the height of the building as well as more accurate and various building information is provided.

The specific parts of the present invention have been described in detail above, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that such specific descriptions are merely preferred embodiments, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. something to do. Thus, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

 The method according to the present invention can produce a digital map that provides various location information and precise location information by including not only the location coordinates of new buildings and facilities but also various surrounding information. In addition, in the present invention, the new buildings or facilities on the digital map are classified by setting sections by height, or classified by area to produce a digital map that can be searched by height or area.

1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of producing a digital map by measuring GPS coordinates of a new building or facility according to the present invention.

2 is a flowchart of obtaining a standard correction function for correcting a measured coordinate value in producing a numerical map according to the present invention.

Figure 3 shows the measured value of the coordinates of the new building by adding a dotted line to the newly added building in the numerical map.

FIG. 4 is a numerical map showing a newly formed pedestrian crossing in dotted lines.

Claims (3)

i) preparing a GPS receiver for positioning and a digital map database capable of reading and writing; ii) Coordinate values (X _i , Y _i , Z _i) by selecting a point corresponding to a vertex of a building or a facility in a target area where the digital map is to be produced from the GPS receiver or any point selected from the perimeter of the building as a representative point. write i = 1, 2, ..., r) to the database; iii) if the coordinate value is in an existing building or facility, delete the data of the existing numerical map and input the measurement coordinate value; if the coordinate value is in a new building or facility, enter the measurement coordinate value, Converting and recording the coordinate values of a closed building or facility in the existing digital map by converting the digital map data into the digital map data; iv) inputting the surrounding information including the area of the building or facility, the surrounding construction status, the current status of the surrounding facilities, and the new year into a database corresponding to each building or facility; And v) dividing the target area for digital mapping into k cells (C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , ..., C _k ) to classify the coordinate values, heights, and surrounding information of buildings or facilities belonging to each cell by cell. In the digital map production method containing the new building and facility information comprising the step of storing in a database, The measured coordinate values (X _i , Y _i , Z _i ) of the building or facility are corrected by the following steps: a) obtaining coordinate values (Xb _n , Ybn, Zb _n , where n = 1,2,3, ........, m) of the nth reference point position in the target area for which the digital map is to be produced; ; b) moving the GPS to a reference point to obtain coordinate values (Xa _n , Ya _n , Za _n ); c) n-th order correction function (Xe _n = Xa _n -Xb _n , Ye) from coordinate values (Xb _n , Yb _n , Zb _n ) of the _nth reference point and coordinate values (Xa _n , Ya _n , Za _n ) obtained from GPS _n = Ya _n -Yb _n , Ze _n = Za _n -Zb _n ); d) repeating steps a) through c) m times; e) obtaining a standard correction function of the n th order correction function (standard correction function: , , ); And f) obtaining a correction coordinate value (Xe _i , Ye _i , Ze _i ) by correcting the coordinate value of the survey point by the standard correction function of step e), where Xe _i = X _i -Xe, Ye _i = Y _i -Ye, Ze _i = Z _i -Ze) step. The method of claim 1, wherein the coordinate values and surrounding information of the building or facility classified by cell in step v) are classified by height, and the level is set for each height section and stored in the database. The method of claim 1, wherein the coordinate values and surrounding information classified by cells in step v) are set according to the area of each building or facility and stored in a database.