KR100450340B1 - Fabricating Method of a Digital Map by Correcting GPS Coordinates - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing the digital map by amending a global positioning system(GPS) coordinate is provided to record the underground facility on the digital map by reducing the error of the GPS coordinate through introducing the reference coordinate. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing the digital map by amending a global positioning system(GPS) coordinate includes the steps of: obtaining the coordinates of a plurality of underground facilities(210-250); integrating the obtained coordinates with reference to one reference point(200); and manufacturing the digital map by applying the integrated coordinates.

Description

Fabrication Method of a Digital Map by Correcting GPS Coordinates

The present invention relates to a method for recording underground facilities on a digital map through the correction of GPS coordinates. In particular, the coordinates of a plurality of underground facilities are obtained, and the coordinates are integrated based on one reference point. It relates to a method of making a digital map by applying the coordinates.

A digital map is a digital map, which is a map created by quantifying topography, features, land information, and other information to be displayed on a map.

In the past, physical infrastructures such as roads, ports, and power generation were important social indirect capitals, but nowadays, information infrastructures such as software, information highways, and computer application systems are becoming core social indirect capital. As a result, the impact of numerical guidance on social overhead capital is growing.

In order to construct such a digital map, the topographic information of the whole country should be secured in the form of a digital map, and the information to be added to the digital map should be made into a database and combined with the digital map. In particular, in order to efficiently manage underground facilities in digital maps, digital maps containing information of underground facilities are required.However, methods known to date convert only the information of construction drawings that were initially used to bury underground facilities into numerical values. It will be included in the numerical map as it is.

However, in general, when laying underground facilities, it is necessary to bury them according to the construction drawings. However, the location of the underground facilities must be changed depending on the situation of the site, and in some cases, underground facilities that have been in place through reconstruction or restoration. Most of them are different from the position shown in the original construction drawing by being moved to another place. For this reason, large accidents are often caused by misunderstanding and destroying the location of underground facilities during road construction or construction.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a method of accurately recording the location of the underground facilities in recording the underground facilities data on the digital map, and then using the location information to create a digital map.

The present invention also uses coordinates obtained from GPS in obtaining the coordinates of multiple underground facilities. The present invention provides a method of creating a digital map containing the exact location of underground facilities by introducing a reference coordinate that can correct the coordinates obtained from GPS.

Figure 1 shows the state of a plurality of underground facilities.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the underground facility measuring apparatus applied in the present invention.

Figure 3 shows the measuring principle of the underground facility measuring apparatus.

4 is to set the coordinate system necessary for the measurement of underground facilities.

5 shows the relationship between the y-axis and the s-axis according to the measurement of the underground facilities.

6 shows the relationship between the s-axis, the y-axis, and the y-axis.

Figure 7 shows the installation position of the GPS applied in the measurement of underground facilities.

8 and 9 illustrate a relationship between a reference coordinate and a coordinate of GPS.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10, 20, 30 ... underground installations 11, 21, 31 ... controls

13, 23, 43 ... transmitting antenna 15, 251, 351 ... receiving antenna

67 ... GPS

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for recording the exact position of the underground facilities buried in the ground on the digital map. That is, the present invention includes the steps of: (i) introducing a reference point having a reference coordinate in the area to digitize the location of the underground facility; (ii) identifying the locations of the plurality of underground facilities from the construction drawings in which the underground facilities are embedded; (iii) digitizing the location of the underground facility by using a numerical map corresponding to the location where the underground facility is embedded (a numerical map on which ground-related data is completed); (iv) temporarily storing the digitized underground facilities in a numerical map; (v) determining a rough location of the underground facility using a digital map temporarily stored in the underground facility, and then moving the GPS-equipped measuring device to the location of the underground facility and measuring the location of the underground facility; (vi) correcting the coordinates acquired by the GPS through reference coordinates; (vii) determining the coordinates of the underground facility through the correction result of step (vi); And (viii) recording the location of a plurality of underground facilities comprising the steps of completing the digital map using the coordinates of the underground facilities obtained in step (vii). ,

(a) setting the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the numerical map; (b) setting the s-axis to pass through the buried material, and setting an angle Q _{n_i} between the x-axis determined in step (a); (c) installing a transmitting antenna and a GPS on one side of the s-axis and installing a receiving antenna on the opposite side based on the position of the buried material; (d) generating a signal at the transmitting antenna and capturing a signal from which the signal of the transmitting antenna is reflected from the buried material while moving the receiving antenna along the s axis; (e) if a signal is _acquired at the receiving antenna, measuring the distance D _{n_i} between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the state; (f) obtaining GPS coordinates (x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ) where the transmitting antenna is located (where (n = 1 ... k), where n is the overall measurement of the i-th underground facility; Number of times); (g) Coordinates representing the distance D _{n_i} between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, the angle Q _{n_i} formed between the y-axis and the s-axis, and the position of the transmitting antenna (x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ) (n = 1 ... _obtaining coordinates (x _{tn_i} , y _{tn_i} , z _{tn_i} ) (n = 1 ... k) of the buried material from k); And (h) repeating steps (b) to (g) k times and performing position correction at each point of the buried material, thereby determining the coordinates of the i-th underground facility in detail. It provides a method of producing a numerical map through the correction of the GPS coordinates, the location is recorded.

In the present invention, the relationship between the coordinates (x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ) where the transmitting antenna is located in step (g) and the buried material (x _{tn_i} , y _{tn_i} , z _{tn_i} ) is represented by the following equation. 1]; The positional coordinates of the underground burial at the n position from Equation 1 are represented by Equation 2 below; In Equation 2, the position coordinates of the underground facility whose GPS coordinates are corrected by the reference coordinates (x _b , y _b , z _b ) of the reference point may be represented by Equation 4 below:

[Equation 1]

[Equation 2]

[Equation 4]

Here, (n = 1 ... k), Q _{n_i} is the angle between the y-axis and the s-axis, D _{n_i} is the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, in Equation 4, the reference coordinate and the GPS coordinate The relationship is as follows:

The present invention is a construction drawing showing the location of the underground facilities buried, and a numerical drawing containing the data of the ground markers corresponding to the location of the construction drawings, the underground buried measurement system for confirming the location of the underground facilities, and the measurement system It is composed of a GPS that can obtain a position coordinate of and a reference point that can correct the coordinates obtained from the GPS.

In general, since the change of environment is constant within a short time, stable coordinates can be obtained from GPS.However, the coordinate values obtained over a long period of time are likely to become unstable due to the change of environment. It needs to be corrected.

Therefore, in the present invention, a GPS is introduced to obtain a plurality of underground facility coordinates, and a reference point and a reference coordinate system capable of correcting the coordinates obtained from the GPS are introduced.

Hereinafter, a method of preparing a digital map by obtaining coordinates of several underground facilities will be described.

(i) Introduce a reference point with reference coordinates in the area where the location of the underground installation is to be quantified.

(ii) Identify the location of underground facilities from the construction drawings where they are buried.

(iii) The location of the underground facilities is digitized by using a numerical map corresponding to the location where the underground facilities are buried (a numerical map on which ground-related data is completed).

(iv) Temporarily store the digitized underground facilities on a digital map.

(v) Using the digital map temporarily stored in the underground facilities to determine the approximate location of the underground facilities, using a measuring device to determine whether the underground facilities are buried in place, and the location data of the underground facilities via GPS Acquire.

(vi) Obtain the corrected coordinates corrected through the reference coordinates obtained from the GPS.

(vii) The coordinates of the underground facility are determined by applying the correction coordinates of step (vi).

(viii) Complete the numerical map using the coordinates of the underground facilities obtained in step (vii).

Through the above (i) to (viii) process, it is possible to determine the exact location of the underground facilities, it is possible to use a variety of measuring equipment to determine the location of the first underground facilities, in the present invention mainly gas pipes, water pipes, electrical Introduces a measurement system that uses electromagnetic waves to locate metal pipes such as engines.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a schematic diagram in which several underground facilities are installed in one region. In general, any area 180 has various kinds of underground facilities 181 to 185 such as water pipes, gas pipes, and electric pipes, and most of them are made of metal pipes.

Figure 2 introduces a measuring device for measuring the location of underground facilities. The measurement system described in FIG. 2 is a radar measuring system for detecting the position of the metal pipe of an underground facility, and is also called electromagnetic wave exploration because it uses radio waves of high frequency waves of several tens of MHz or more. Explain only the concepts. The electromagnetic wave search value is largely comprised of the control apparatus 11, the transmission antenna 13, and the reception antenna 15. As shown in FIG. When electromagnetic waves are generated from the transmitting antenna and fired below the surface of the ground, electromagnetic waves are received by the receiving antenna 15 which is reflected from the underground facility 10 and positioned on the opposite side.

3 illustrates a process of receiving a signal emitted from a transmitting antenna while moving the receiving antenna. First, since the position of the underground facility 20 is not accurate, even if the electromagnetic wave 15 emitted from the transmitting antenna 23 is reflected from the underground facility, the reflected signal 16 may not be received according to the position of the receiving antenna. have. In this case, the reflection signal is detected while moving the reception antenna (251, 252, 253 ...), where the position where the reception sensitivity is the highest is determined as the location of the reception antenna.

Figure 4 shows the process of identifying the location of the underground facility in Figure 2 in the coordinate system. The coordinate system is a vertical coordinate system, and the vertical axis is referred to as the X axis and the horizontal axis is referred to as the s axis. On the s-axis, the transmitting antenna is located at the point where it meets the y-axis, and the receiving antennas 351, 352, and 353 are moved on the s-axis and are emitted from the transmitting antenna to receive the electromagnetic waves reflected from the underground facility 30.

FIG. 5 illustrates a state when the electromagnetic wave emitted from the transmitting antenna 43 is received at the receiving antenna 45 by being reflected at the point 40 where the underground facility is located. In FIG. 4, when the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is D, it can be seen that the s-axis projection distance between the underground facility and the transmitting antenna is D / 2.

6 illustrates a process of converting a value measured on the s-axis into a y-axis and a y-axis. Since the numerical data should be recorded along the x, y, and z axes, the variables of the s axis should be converted to fit on the x and y axes. If the angle formed between the x-axis and the s-axis of the digital map is Q, and the distance between the location of the underground facility 50 and the origin of the z-axis is D / 2, the location 50 of the underground facility is ( )

FIG. 7 shows a GPS (Global Positioning System) 67 attached to the transmitting antenna in order to convert the coordinates of the underground facility 60 into the coordinates of the numerical map. Since the location of the underground facility 60 is a coordinate calculated from the position of the measurement system as the origin, in order to record the coordinates again on the digital map, the coordinates of the underground facility should be converted to fit the coordinate system of the digital map. To this end, the present invention uses GPS as a medium for coordinate transformation. Assuming that the coordinates obtained from the _{GPS (x g, y g,} z g) d and the coordinates of the point where the underground facilities in _{(x t, y t, z} t), the relationship of the coordinates between the transmitting and receiving antenna It can be represented by the angle D between the distance D and the x-axis and the s-axis.

The above description is about one point in measuring the location of underground facilities with coordinates, but since underground facilities exist continuously, the actual location of underground facilities can be determined by measuring and connecting a number of points during actual measurement. Can be.

Hereinafter, the process of determining the coordinates of the underground facility through the above-described process will be described. To better understand the explanation, the subscripts are explained, where n is the subscript related to the number of measurements when the measurements are taken continuously while changing positions in one underground installation. If k measurements are made, n = 1 ... k.

i is a subscript representing several underground facilities. If the number of underground installations is L, then i = 1 ... L.

(x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ) represents coordinates measured by GPS. The subscript g denotes GPS coordinates, n is the subscript associated with the number of measurements in one underground facility, and i is the ith facility among several underground facilities.

(x _{tn_i} , y _{tn_i} , z _{tn_i} ) represents the coordinates measured at the point of the buried material. The subscript t indicates the coordinate measured at the point of the buried material, and n and i are the same as described above.

Hereinafter, the detailed steps for determining the coordinates of the i-th underground facility are as follows:

(a) setting the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the numerical map;

(b) setting the s-axis to pass through the buried material and setting the angle Q between the x-axis determined in step (a) (where the approximate location of the buried material refers to the location of the buried material temporarily stored in the numerical map) ;

(c) installing a transmitting antenna and a GPS at a point where the s-axis and the z-axis meet, and installing a receiving antenna on the opposite side based on the position of the buried material;

(d) generating a signal at the transmitting antenna and capturing a signal from which the signal of the transmitting antenna is reflected from the buried material while moving the receiving antenna along the s axis;

(e) if a signal is _acquired at the receiving antenna, measuring the distance D _{n_i} between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the state;

(f) _obtaining coordinates (x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ) where the transmitting antenna is located through GPS (where (n = 1 ... k), which means measuring up to k points);

(g) Coordinates representing the distance D _{n_i} between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, the angle Q _{n_i} formed between the x-axis and the s-axis, and the position of the transmitting antenna (x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ) (n = 1 ... _obtaining coordinates (x _{tn_i} , y _{tn_i} , z _{tn_i} ) (n = 1 ... k) of the buried material from k); And

(h) performing position correction at each point of the buried material by repeating steps (b) to (g) above k times.

Wherein (g) the coordinates of where the transmitting antenna located in the step distance between _{(x gn_i, y gn_i, z} gn_i) to the coordinates of maeseolmul _{(x tn_i, y tn_i, z} tn_i) relationship with the transmitting and receiving antennas D _{In terms} of _{n_i} and the angle Q _{n_i} between the x and s axes,

[Equation 1]

Where (n = 1 ... k).

The coordinate of the n position of the underground buried from Equation 1 is (x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ), the coordinates of the location where the transmitting antenna is located, and the distances D _{n_i} and the x-axis between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna. It can be obtained from the angle Q _{n_i} formed by and the s-axis, and the result is as follows.

That is, the position coordinate of the underground buried at the n position

[Equation 2]

to be.

Equation 2 shows the position coordinates at the n position of the i-th underground facility, but when measuring several underground facilities, the measurement time is required for a long time, and there is a possibility that an error occurs in the GPS due to the change of environment. Since the reference point is introduced, the reference coordinate is introduced, and the position coordinate of the underground facility is corrected using the reference coordinate.

Hereinafter, a process of correcting the position coordinates of the underground facility from the reference coordinates will be described.

FIG. 8 illustrates the reference point 200 and the GPS 212,... 252 measuring the coordinates of each underground facility when there are a plurality of underground facilities 210,... 250 in an arbitrary area 190. The relationship is shown.

As shown in FIG. 7, (x _b , y _b , z _b ) is referred to as the reference coordinate of the reference point 200, and it can be seen that the following relationship exists between the reference coordinate and the coordinates of the GPS.

[Equation 3]

[Equation 3] shows the relationship between the reference coordinates and the GPS coordinates in the i-th underground facility. Although the reference coordinates do not change even if the GPS coordinates include environmental errors, the offset function (x _{offset_i} , y _{offset_i} , GPS _offset can be corrected using (z _{offset_i} ).

Applying Equation 3 above, the location coordinates of the underground facilities except GPS coordinates are summarized as follows:

[Equation 4]

As can be seen in [Equation 4], by determining the coordinates of the underground facility, the GPS coordinates are excluded to obtain the coordinates that overcome the error of the GPS, and the numerical map by applying the [Equation 4] When used in the production of accurate numerical maps can be produced.

As described above, according to the present invention, in recording the underground facilities on the numerical map of the GIS, the measurement system is used to record the position shown in the construction drawing on the numerical road, not merely by referring to the construction drawing. By correcting the error and reducing the error of GPS coordinates by introducing reference coordinates, the exact location of underground facilities can be recorded on the numerical map so that the construction can be carried out smoothly during future management and various constructions.

Claims (2)

(i) introducing a reference point with reference coordinates in the area to quantify the location of the underground facility; (ii) identifying the locations of the plurality of underground facilities from the construction drawings in which the underground facilities are embedded; (iii) digitizing the location of the underground facility by using a numerical map corresponding to the location where the underground facility is embedded (a numerical map on which ground-related data is completed); (iv) temporarily storing the digitized underground facilities in a numerical map; (v) determining a rough location of the underground facility using a digital map temporarily stored in the underground facility, and then moving the GPS-equipped measuring device to the location of the underground facility and measuring the location of the underground facility; (vi) correcting the coordinates acquired by the GPS through reference coordinates; (vii) determining the coordinates of the underground facility through the correction result of step (vi); And (viii) recording the location of a plurality of underground facilities comprising the steps of completing the digital map using the coordinates of the underground facilities obtained in step (vii). , (a) setting the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the numerical map; (b) setting the s-axis to pass through the buried material, and setting an angle Q _{n_i} between the x-axis determined in step (a); (c) installing a transmitting antenna and a GPS on one axis of the s-axis and installing a receiving antenna on the opposite side based on the position of the buried material; (d) generating a signal at the transmitting antenna and capturing a signal from which the signal of the transmitting antenna is reflected from the buried material while moving the receiving antenna along the s axis; (e) if a signal is _acquired at the receiving antenna, measuring the distance D _{n_i} between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the state; (f) obtaining GPS coordinates (x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ) where the transmitting antenna is located (where (n = 1 ... k), where n is the overall measurement of the i-th underground facility; Number of times); (g) Coordinates representing the distance D _{n_i} between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, the angle Q _{n_i} formed between the x-axis and the s-axis, and the position of the transmitting antenna (x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ) (n = 1 ... _obtaining coordinates (x _{tn_i} , y _{tn_i} , z _{tn_i} ) (n = 1 ... k) of the buried material from k); And (h) repeating steps (b) to (g), performing position correction at each point of the buried material, and determining the coordinates of the i-th underground facility in detail. Method of producing a digital map through the correction of the GPS coordinates recorded. The relationship between the coordinates (x _{gn_i} , y _{gn_i} , z _{gn_i} ) and the coordinates of the buried material (x _{tn_i} , y _{tn_i} , z _{tn_i} ) in the step (g) is as _follows . Represented by Formula 1; The positional coordinates of the underground burial at the n position from Equation 1 are represented by Equation 2 below; Method [2] is characterized in that the position coordinates of the underground facility whose GPS coordinates are corrected by the reference coordinates (x _b , y _b , z _b ) of the reference point in Equation 2 are represented by Equation 4 below: [Equation 1] [Equation 2] [Equation 4] Where (n = 1 ... k), Q _{n_i} is an angle formed by the x-axis and the s-axis, and D _{n_i} is the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna; In Equation 4, the relationship between the reference coordinate and the GPS coordinate is as follows: .