KR100443899B1 - Manufacturing method of solid fuel using food waste - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of solid fuel using food waste Download PDFInfo
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- KR100443899B1 KR100443899B1 KR10-2001-0064291A KR20010064291A KR100443899B1 KR 100443899 B1 KR100443899 B1 KR 100443899B1 KR 20010064291 A KR20010064291 A KR 20010064291A KR 100443899 B1 KR100443899 B1 KR 100443899B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 음식물쓰레기를 수거하여 선별기로 선별하는 단계; 선별된 음식물쓰레기를 파쇄기를 통해 10mm 이내로 파쇄하는 단계; 파쇄된 음식물쓰레기를 킬른형 건조기에 투입하여 수분함수량이 10%이하가 되도록 230∼250℃의 온도로 40분간 1차 건조시키는 단계; 건조된 물질은 다시 3mm이하로 미세하게 분쇄하는 단계; 혼합기내에서 음식물쓰레기 분쇄물과 톱밥을 7:3의 비율로 혼합하고 혼합약품을 투입하는 단계; 혼합된 혼합물을 펠렛압출기에 투입하여 압출성형하는 단계; 압출성형물을 절단하는 단계; 및 절단된 제품을 건조로에서 약 50∼60℃의 간접열로 2차 건조하는 단계를 포함하여, 환경오염을 크게 줄일 수 있고 저연비로 고부가가치를 얻을 수 있다.The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using food waste, comprising: selecting food waste by collecting food waste; Crushing the selected food waste within 10 mm through a crusher; Putting the crushed food waste into a kiln-type dryer and first drying for 40 minutes at a temperature of 230 to 250 ° C. such that the water content is 10% or less; The dried material is finely ground to less than 3mm again; Mixing the food waste crushed powder and sawdust in a ratio of 7: 3 in a mixer and adding a mixed medicine; Inserting the mixed mixture into a pellet extruder and extruding the mixture; Cutting the extrudate; And secondary drying the cut product in an indirect heat of about 50 to 60 ° C. in a drying furnace, thereby greatly reducing environmental pollution and obtaining high added value at low fuel consumption.
Description
본 발명은 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 구체적으로는 가정·아파트·음식점·호텔 등에서 배출되는 음식물쓰레기를 효율적으로 재활용하는 방안의 하나로 음식물쓰레기를 수거하여 파쇄 및 건조를 반복하고 톱밥과 별도의 혼합약품을 첨가하여 육각형 단면을 갖는 숯모양의 고체연료를 제조함으로써, 음식물쓰레기로 인한 환경문제를 해소하고 고품위의 대체에너지를 생산하여 국가 에너지난 해결에 기여할 수 있도록 한 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing solid fuel using food waste, and more specifically, as a way to efficiently recycle food waste discharged from homes, apartments, restaurants, hotels, and the like, the food waste is repeatedly collected and crushed and dried. By adding sawdust and other mixed chemicals to produce charcoal-shaped solid fuel with hexagonal cross-section, it solves the environmental problems caused by food waste and produces high quality alternative energy to contribute to solving the national energy shortage. It relates to a solid fuel production method used.
음식물쓰레기는 총 생활폐기물의 30%이상을 차지하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 물기가 많고 쉽게 부패되어 매립과 소각처리에 어려움을 초래하여 2005년도부터는 직매립을 금지하고 소각처리하거나 재활용을 하도록 폐기물관리법에서 규정하고 있으며 자치단체별로 다양한 처리방법을 도입하여 재활용을 시도하고 있으나 경제성과 대량처리가 가능한 처리방법이 개발되지 못하고 있는 실정이다.Food waste not only accounts for more than 30% of total household waste, but also has a lot of water and is easily decayed, which causes difficulties in landfilling and incineration.In 2005, the waste management law banned direct landfilling and incineration or recycling. In addition, various municipal governments have tried to recycle by introducing various treatment methods, but economical and mass treatment methods have not been developed.
음식물쓰레기의 재활용은 주로 퇴비화나 건조 사료화 및 액상사료화방법이 개발, 보급되고 있으나 퇴비화는 제조공정상 악취가 발생되고 염분농도가 높으며 생산성이 낮아 처리에 따른 경제성이 없으며 건조 사료화는 혼합사료비용과 건조비용이 과다하고 사용처가 제한되어 있으며 액상 사료화는 사료유통 및 사료로서의 안전성에 문제를 안고 있다.Recycling of food waste is mainly composting, dry feed and liquid feed methods are developed and spread, but composting produces bad smell in manufacturing process, high salinity, low productivity and low economic efficiency. This overuse and limited use make liquid feeding a problem for feed distribution and safety as feed.
이에 따라 음식물쓰레기의 안정적인 대량처리가 가능하고 대체 에너지로서 부가가치를 높일 수 있는 고형화 연료화방법을 고안하게 되었다.Accordingly, it has been possible to devise a solidification fuelization method that enables stable mass processing of food waste and increases added value as an alternative energy.
음식물쓰레기는 85%이상의 수분을 함유하고 쉽게 부패되어 재활용이 어려운 물질이나 고열량의 유기성물질로 구성되어 있는 물질적 특성을 감안할 때 퇴비나 사료로서의 재활용보다 연료로서의 이용가치가 높은 물질이며 그 동안 재활용상에 나타난 문제점을 동시에 해결 가능하다.Food wastes contain more than 85% of moisture and are easily decayed and difficult to recycle.They have higher value as fuel than compost or feed. The problems shown can be solved at the same time.
이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 최근에 연료로의 재활용 차원에서 음식물쓰레기를 단순 파쇄·탈수 및 성형하여 연료화하는 여러가지 사례가 발표되었다.In order to solve these problems, recently, various cases of fueling food wastes by simply crushing, dehydrating and forming them in order to recycle them into fuel have been published.
그러나 그러한 기술들은 연료로서의 물리적 최적조건을 갖추도록 하기 위한 음식물쓰레기 파쇄 및 탈수방법, 균질한 품질 및 고발열량 확보를 위한 석탄 등 연료물질 혼합기술, 성형 및 건조기술 등이 미비하여 연료로서의 상용화가 어려운 실정에 있다.However, such technologies are difficult to commercialize as fuel due to the lack of food waste crushing and dehydration methods to ensure physical optimum conditions as fuels, mixing of fuel materials such as coal to secure homogeneous quality and high calorific value, and forming and drying technologies. There is a situation.
또한, 통상적인 일반쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료 제조방법은, 생활 폐기물을 투입부에 공급하는 단계, 전자석을 이용하여 투입부 내의 생활 폐기물로부터 철을 분리하는 단계, 파쇄기를 이용하여 철금속이 분리된 생활 폐기물을 순차적으로 파쇄하는 단계, 파쇄된 생활 폐기물을 가열 압축기를 이용하여 가열 및 압축하여 생활 폐기물의 함수율을 균일하게 하는 단계, 함수율이 균일화된 생활 폐기물을 순차적으로 재차 파쇄하는 단계, 재차 파쇄된 생활 폐기물을 비산절단형 회전건조기 및 비산절단 어셈블리에 의해서 미세하게 절단함과 동시에 건조하는 단계, 절단 건조된 생활 폐기물에 중화제를 투입하는 단계, 및 중화제와 혼합된 생활 폐기물을 가열 압축하여 소정 형상의 고체연료로 성형하는 단계가 순차적으로 연결되는 방식으로 구성된다.In addition, a conventional method for producing solid fuel using general waste, the step of supplying household waste to the input unit, separating the iron from the domestic waste in the input unit using an electromagnet, the iron metal separated life using a crusher Crushing the wastes sequentially, heating and compressing the crushed household wastes using a heating compressor to make the water content of the household wastes uniform, crushing the wastes with the uniform water content in sequence, and crushing the living again The waste is finely cut and dried by a scattering rotary dryer and a scattering assembly, a neutralizer is added to the cut and dried household waste, and the household waste mixed with the neutralizing agent is heated and compressed to obtain a solid having a predetermined shape. The forming with fuel is configured in such a way that they are sequentially connected.
그런데, 상기한 일반쓰레기 고체연료 제조방법에 사용되는 설비들은 비교적 고가의 장비로 구성되기 때문에, 고체연료의 제조단가가 높다는 문제점이 있다.However, since the equipment used in the above-mentioned general waste solid fuel manufacturing method is composed of relatively expensive equipment, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the solid fuel is high.
따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 상기한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 안출된 것으로서, 환경오염을 방지할 수 있고 화석연료를 대체할 수 있는 에너지원으로서 음식물쓰레기를 활용하기 위한 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료 제조방법을 제공하는 데 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, it is possible to prevent environmental pollution and to replace the fossil fuel as an energy source that can be used to produce a solid fuel using food waste for food waste To provide.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 효율적이고 경제적인 음식물쓰레기 처리방법을 확립하여 환경친화적이고 제조비용을 크게 절감할 수 있는 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료 제조방법을 제공하는 데 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing solid fuel using food waste, which is environmentally friendly and can greatly reduce manufacturing costs by establishing an efficient and economical method for treating food waste.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료의 제조공정을 도시한 흐름도.1 is a flow chart illustrating a manufacturing process of a solid fuel using food waste according to the present invention.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명에 따른 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료 제조방법은 음식물쓰레기를 수거하여 선별기로 선별하는 단계; 선별된 음식물쓰레기를 파쇄기를 통해 10mm 이내로 파쇄하는 단계; 파쇄된 음식물쓰레기를 킬른형 건조기에 투입하여 수분함수량이 10%이하가 되도록 230∼250℃의 온도로 40분간 1차 건조시키는 단계; 건조된 물질은 다시 3mm이하로 미세하게 분쇄하는 단계; 혼합기내에서 음식물쓰레기 분쇄물과 톱밥을 7:3의 비율로 혼합하고 혼합약품을 투입하는 단계; 혼합된 혼합물을 펠렛압출기에 투입하여 압출성형하는 단계; 압출성형물을 절단하는 단계; 및 절단된 제품을 건조로에서 약 50∼60℃의 간접열로 2차 건조하는 단계를 포함한다.In order to achieve the above object, a solid fuel manufacturing method using food waste according to the present invention comprises the steps of collecting food waste to sort by a sorter; Crushing the selected food waste within 10 mm through a crusher; Putting the crushed food waste into a kiln-type dryer and first drying for 40 minutes at a temperature of 230 to 250 ° C. such that the water content is 10% or less; The dried material is finely ground to less than 3mm again; Mixing the food waste crushed powder and sawdust in a ratio of 7: 3 in a mixer and adding a mixed medicine; Inserting the mixed mixture into a pellet extruder and extruding the mixture; Cutting the extrudate; And secondary drying the cut product in an indirect heat of about 50-60 ° C. in a drying furnace.
상기 혼합약품은 응집 접착용 바인더 또는 파라핀인 것을 특징으로 한다.The mixed drug is characterized in that the binder for cohesive bonding or paraffin.
이하, 본 발명에 따른 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법에 대해 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, a method for producing a solid fuel using food waste according to the present invention will be described in detail.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료의 제조공정을 도시한 흐름도이다.1 is a flowchart illustrating a manufacturing process of a solid fuel using food waste according to the present invention.
도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 음식물 쓰레기를 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법은 크게 음식물쓰레기를 선별장치에서 선별하는 단계(S10), 음식물쓰레기를 파쇄하는 단계(S20), 수분함수량이 10%이하가 되도록 1차 건조하는 단계(S30), 건조된 물질을 다시 미세하게 분쇄하는 단계(S40), 분쇄된 물질을 혼합기에 투입하고 톱밥과 혼합약품 등을 첨가하여 혼합하는 단계(S50), 펠렛압출기에 투입하여 압출성형하는 단계(S60), 성형물을 적정한 크기로 절단하는 단계(S70), 및 절단된 제품을 건조로에서 2차 건조시키는 단계(S80)를 포함한다.As shown in Figure 1, the method for producing a solid fuel using food waste according to the present invention is largely the step of sorting the food waste in the sorting device (S10), the step of crushing food waste (S20), water content of 10 First drying step to be less than% (S30), Step of finely crushing the dried material again (S40), Adding the crushed material to the mixer and mixing by adding sawdust and mixed chemicals (S50), Injecting into a pellet extruder step (S60), cutting the molding to a suitable size (S70), and the step of drying the cut product in a drying furnace (S80).
이렇게 해서 제조된 고체연료는 최저 8,000Kcal/Kg이상의 열량을 갖고 400℃이상의 고열이 발생하기 때문에 대체연료로서의 기능을 충분히 할 수 있는 것이다.The solid fuel thus produced has a calorific value of at least 8,000 Kcal / Kg and a high heat of 400 ° C. or more, thereby fully functioning as an alternative fuel.
본 발명에 따른 고체연료의 제조방법에 대해 단계별로 보다 구체적으로 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the step of the solid fuel production method according to the invention in more detail as follows.
먼저, 음식물쓰레기를 수거하여 선별기로 선별한 후(S10), 별도의 파쇄기를 통해 10mm 이내로 파쇄한다(S20). 1차 파쇄된 음식물쓰레기는 킬른형 건조기에 투입되어 230 ∼ 250℃의 온도로 40분 간 1차 건조시켜, 수분 함수량이 10%이하가 되게 한다(S30). 건조된 물질은 다시 3mm이하로 미세하게 분쇄된다(S40). 분쇄된 음식물쓰레기 분쇄물은 별도의 혼합기에 투입되어 톱밥 및 혼합약품과 혼합되는데(S50), 이때 음식물쓰레기 분쇄물과 톱밥의 혼합비율은 7:3인 것이 바람직하고, 톱밥 대신에 건초나 낙엽등이 사용될 수도 있다. 또한, 혼합약품은 건조한 음식물쓰레기 분쇄물을 결합시키기 위한 결합제 역할을 하는 것으로, 응집 접착용 바인더를 사용한다. 이때, 접착용 바인더로서 파라핀 등이 소량 사용될 수도 있다. 이렇게 해서 혼합된 혼합물은 펠렛압출기에 투입되어 압출성형되고(S60),그 압출성형물은 절단수단에 의해 절단되게 된다(S70).First, food waste is collected and sorted by a sorter (S10), and then crushed within 10 mm through a separate shredder (S20). The first crushed food waste is put into a kiln type dryer and firstly dried at a temperature of 230 to 250 ° C. for 40 minutes, so that the water content is 10% or less (S30). The dried material is finely ground to less than 3mm again (S40). The crushed food waste is put into a separate mixer and mixed with sawdust and mixed medicine (S50), wherein the mixing ratio of the food waste crushed and sawdust is 7: 3, and instead of sawdust, hay or fallen leaves May be used. In addition, the mixed drug serves as a binder for binding the dry food waste pulverization, using a binder for cohesive bonding. In this case, a small amount of paraffin or the like may be used as the adhesive binder. The mixture thus mixed is introduced into a pellet extruder and extruded (S60), and the extruded product is cut by the cutting means (S70).
이렇게 해서 완성된 제품의 형상은 육각형 단면을 가지고, 길이는 50mm, 지름은 35mm이며, 내부 원통홀의 지름은 15mm의 숯모양의 제품으로 생산될 수 있다.The finished product has a hexagonal cross section, 50 mm in length and 35 mm in diameter, and the diameter of the inner cylindrical hole can be produced as a charcoal product of 15 mm.
생산된 제품은 마지막으로 건조로에 투입하여 약 50∼60℃의 간접열로 2차 건조된다(S80).The produced product is finally put into a drying furnace and secondarily dried by indirect heat of about 50 to 60 ℃ (S80).
이렇게 생산된 음식물쓰레기 고체연료의 주요 특징으로는 연료의 발열량이 5,000kcal/kg이상을 나타내어 종래의 방법으로 만들어진 건조된 음식물쓰레기 고체연료에 비해 발열량이 우수하여 경제성을 가진 고열량의 대체 연료로 사용이 가능하고, 음식물쓰레기의 사료화, 퇴비화 및 혐기성 메탄화 방식에 비하여 자원의 재이용 효과가 큼에 따라 음식물쓰레기 처리문제에 있어서 부가가치 창출이 가능하다.The main characteristics of the food waste solid fuel produced in this way is that the calorific value of fuel is over 5,000kcal / kg, and the calorific value is superior to the dried food waste solid fuel produced by the conventional method. It is possible to create added value in the food waste disposal problem as the resource reuse effect is greater than the feed, composting and anaerobic methanation methods of food waste.
상기에 언급된 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따라 음식물쓰레기를 주원료로 이용하여 고체연료를 제조함으로써, 환경친화적인 음식물쓰레기 처리가 가능하여 대량처리가 용이하고, 경제성을 갖춘 고발열량을 가진 연료로서 각종 원예 및 채소 재배용 보일러, 가정용 보일러, 각종 산업용 고체연료 보일러, 열병합 또는 화력 발전소의 고체연료 대체품으로 사용 가능한 효과를 거둘 수 있다.As mentioned above, according to the present invention, by producing solid fuel using food waste as a main raw material, it is possible to treat environmentally friendly food waste, which facilitates mass processing, and is a fuel having high calorific value with economical efficiency. And vegetable fueling boilers, domestic boilers, various industrial solid fuel boilers, cogeneration or solid fuel alternatives to thermal power plants.
또한, 본 발명의 제조방법에 따른 고체연료는 연소중에도 악취나 대기오염의 우려가 전혀 없는 것이 특징이며, 타고난 부산물은 다시 퇴비로 사용할 수 있어 원예농가, 축사 또는 계사 등의 에너지 절약에 큰 보탬이 될 수 있고 저연비로 고부가가치를 얻을 수 있는 것이다.In addition, the solid fuel according to the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that there is no fear of odor or air pollution even during combustion, and the natural by-products can be used as compost again, which is a great help to save energy in horticultural farms, barns or houses It is possible to obtain high added value with low fuel consumption.
한편, 상기에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예들을 참조하여 설명하였지만, 해당 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 하기의 청구의 범위에 기재된 본 발명의 사상 및 영역으로부터 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 본 발명을 다양하게 수정 및 변경시킬 수 있음을 이해할 수 있을 것이다.On the other hand, while the above has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the claims below It will be understood that modifications and changes can be made.
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| KR100718865B1 (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-05-16 | 박갑종 | Gas generating method and its apparatus using food waste |
| KR20160072885A (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-24 | 민동호 | Multi stage-pellet materials grinding apparatus |
| KR101860041B1 (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-07-05 | 동원중공업(주) | Hybrid Sludge Fuel, Manufacturing Method and System of Fuel Production thereof |
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| KR100700110B1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-03-28 | 손기태 | A processing device of sludge of domestic sewage/sewage and a processing method for solid solid fuels using the sludge |
| KR100930055B1 (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2009-12-03 | 박청기 | Solid fuel manufacturing method using food waste |
| KR101117765B1 (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2012-03-15 | 권영억 | A manufacturing method for solid fuel using the leaves |
| KR20110007032A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-01-21 | 이중복 | Developments of pellets fuel used by jubak |
| KR101334665B1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-12-02 | 주식회사 한영산업 | support fuel |
| KR101334667B1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-12-05 | (주)한영엔터프라이즈 | support fuel |
| KR101379120B1 (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-04-01 | 정의택 | System to dispose of wet solid materials using high temperature and high pressor air |
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