KR100361201B1 - Concrete electric pole having inner or outer type earth electrode - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a built-in and externally mounted concrete pole having a ground electrode as a grounding system for a concrete pole used as a support for a power distribution line for supplying electric power. It is possible to release all of the abnormal currents having commercial frequency and surge characteristics through the needle grounding electrode built in the lower part of the pole, so it is easy to bury the pole and bury the ground again because it does not ask the ground pole. It is not necessary to improve safety and construction cost when laying the pole. The resistivity of the concrete pole is 50Ω · m to 60Ω · m, so that the characteristics of the concrete pole are very good, which reduces the ground resistance and the ground discharge effect of the needle ground electrode. Reduced cost and high quality by reducing surge damage The power can be supplied.

Description

Concrete electric pole having inner or outer type earth electrode}

The present invention relates to an interior and exterior concrete pole with a grounding electrode, and in particular, the concrete pole has a predetermined shape of grounding poles in the inner periphery of the lower pole or the outer periphery of the pole is buried easily, and the grounding performance is improved The present invention relates to an interior and exterior concrete pole having a grounding electrode capable of supplying high-quality stable power and reducing costs, without the need for a separate grounding line buried construction and burying management.

Increasingly industrialized, informatized and urbanized, modern society is characterized by consuming a lot of energy in dense areas, and the stable supply of electric power used as clean energy, which is the most convenient to use, simple to transport, and free of pollution. It is an important factor throughout.

The stable supply of power, which is important energy, must not only be supplied stably from natural disasters such as lightning strikes, but also the quality of electricity must be guaranteed. Of course, it is necessary to secure the quality of power distribution lines that are directly connected to power consumers.

Good grounding is essential for this high-quality, reliable power supply, and grounding not only functions to protect humans from power and lightning, but also provides a reference potential in terms of power business and protects power equipment from lightning strikes. .

In addition, grounding not only plays a very important role as a path for return current in the event of a system failure, and as the information society accelerates, facilities such as facsimile or computer-based image information and the Internet are used. The damage and damage of accidents are increasing relatively, and in particular, these devices have a weak side of surge surge, so the importance of power is higher and higher.

In addition, the power transmitted from the power plant to the substation is often delivered to the home through a pole transformer around the pole along the distribution line supporting the concrete pole, which is classified into underground lines and overhead lines, and underground lines supply relatively stable power. On the other hand, the construction cost is more than 10 times that of overhead lines, and the impact of accidents is high. Particularly, considering the aesthetics of the city, underground lines are preferable, but it is not easy to construct underground lines in existing cities that have already been formed.

The overhead lines mostly use concrete poles as supports.

Hereinafter, a configuration of a general concrete pole will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1a is a schematic diagram for explaining the upper structure of a typical concrete pole,

Figure 1b is a schematic diagram for explaining the ground line of the concrete pole according to the prior art.

First, referring to FIG. 1A, a processing branch line 1 is installed at the top of the concrete pole 100 to protect the pole and power lines from lightning strikes. The processing branch line 1 is connected to the ground rod 11 by the ground line 2. A ground 7 is grounded at the lower end of the processing ground wire 1, which is also grounded to support various insulators and lightning arresters, and is provided with a support insulator 5 on the ground 7. The conductor 4 and the lightning arrester 6 grounded are provided.

Here, the conductor 4 transmits electric power to the transformer of the pole through the transformer and the breaker of the substation, and the arrester 6 is connected to the insulator 5 by the arrester lead wire 3, by the reverse flashover An overvoltage or surge invading the power line is discharged to the ground rod 11 through the arrester ground line 8 and the ground line inlet 10.

In addition, a neutral line 9 connected to the neutral line of the column transformer is installed while the transformer neutral point of the substation is continuously connected to the lower part of the completion 7, and in the case of Korea, which is a multi-ground system, the ground is grounded at a certain distance.

In the above, all metals except the conductor 4, for example, the top processing ground wire 1, the lightning arrester 6, the finishing material 7 and the neutral wire 9 are all grounded in the pole, so that the reliability of the power supply and the lightning strike To prevent and prevent accidents, this grounding is made by a grounding rod 11, as shown in FIG. 1B.

In the above concrete pole 100, the total length is 8-18m, about 1.4-2.5m of the total length is buried in the ground. The grounding rod 11 can be connected as a rod of copper cloth having a length of about 1m, and the depth of embedding is about 75cm so as to avoid freezing in the cold winter. .

The method of grounding concrete poles according to the prior art using the grounding rod 11 as described above has a complex problem because the grounding rod should be installed at a spacing distance of 2.5 m or more. In addition, the construction using the ground rod (11) can be constructed in rural areas, but the entire city floor is made of concrete or asphalt, it is practically difficult to dig a large area of soil.

In addition, since the information on the location of various facilities such as water pipes, gas pipes, and sewage pipes underground in the city is not accurate when the ground rods are buried, placing the ground rods may be in direct contact with other facilities. When installed on the street, ground rods and arcs may be caused by surge current, which makes it difficult to construct a safe ground. In the city center, there is a problem that the occurrence of power failure and the surge are not absorbed by the ground, thereby damaging the electrical equipment of the consumer.

In addition, even if a ground rod is installed, when one grounding rod is buried in the general soil of Korea, a grounding resistance of about 300Ω can be obtained, and when two grounding rods are used, a grounding resistance larger than 150Ω can be obtained. Since it is impossible to obtain a ground resistance of 25 Ω or less, there is a problem in that a stable power supply is more difficult.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to use a concrete pole built a predetermined shape of the ground pole, the construction of the construction is simple, preventing lightning accidents and safety accidents, supply of power The present invention provides an interior and exterior concrete pole with a ground electrode to improve reliability and to obtain a low ground resistance.

Figure 1a schematically shows the upper structure of a typical concrete pole;

1b schematically illustrates a ground line of a concrete pole according to the prior art;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a grounding electrode embedded concrete pole according to the invention,

3 is a view illustrating an embodiment of a structure of a cylindrical ground electrode in the built-in concrete pole pole of Figure 2,

4 is an enlarged perspective view of the grounding ring and the needle grounding electrode of FIG. 3;

5 is a schematic view for explaining the structure of the steel structure requiring a ground, such as a transmission tower for supporting a transmission line,

6 is a schematic view for explaining a grounding method for preventing damage to ground resistance and lightning by using concrete having a low earth resistivity in the steel structure shown in FIG. 5;

7 is an enlarged perspective view of the ground electrode shown in FIG. 6;

8 is a view showing the installation state of the extrapolated ground electrode used in the foundation of the steel tower according to the present invention,

9 is an abnormal current flow chart in the built-in electrode pole concrete pole according to the invention.

<Description of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

1: processing ground wire 2: ground wire

3: lightning arrester lead wire 4: conductor

5: support insulator 6: lightning arrester

7: completed 8: lightning arrester ground wire

9: neutral wire 10: ground wire inlet

11 grounding rod 20 cylindrical ground electrode

21: ground ring 23: needle ground electrode

25: ground electrode support 27: unit ground electrode

28: extrapolated ground electrode 29: auxiliary shell material of the support

31: plinth of the support 33, 34: concrete foundation of the support

35: steel tower support 36: ground lead

39: concentric circular electrode 41: ground wire of the steel tower support

Concrete pole having a ground pole according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a circular ground ring in the lower portion of the pole pole embedded in the ground of the concrete pole, and the circumference below the ground ring Accordingly, a plurality of unit ground electrodes including needle-shaped ground electrodes attached at regular intervals are spaced apart at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, and a cylindrical ground electrode formed by connecting each unit ground electrode with a ground electrode support is embedded. It is preferable that the number of built-in unit ground electrodes of the present invention is 3 to 5. Further, in order to achieve the above object, a concrete pole having a ground pole according to the present invention is embedded in a ground of concrete poles to a certain depth. A circular ground ring inside the lower portion of the, and at the bottom of the ground ring at regular intervals along its circumference The unit ground electrodes comprising needle-shaped ground electrodes attached to each other may have a concentric circular ground electrode arranged in a plurality of concentric circles with different diameters. The ground electrode may be installed inside the concrete foundation under the steel tower structure of the steel tower structure or may be installed outside the concrete foundation. Hereinafter, the ground pole embedded concrete pole of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 to 4 are views for explaining the ground pole for concrete pole according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a grounding electrode embedded concrete pole according to the invention,

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the cylindrical ground electrode in the ground electrode embedded concrete pole of Figure 2,

4 is a schematic view for explaining the ground ring and the needle ground electrode shown in FIG.

When the related drawings are described together, first, the cylindrical ground electrode 20 of the present invention is embedded in the lower end of the concrete pole 100. The cylindrical ground electrode 20 is shown in Figure 3, the ground ring 21 ) And a plurality of unit ground electrodes (27 in FIG. 4) coupled with the needle ground electrodes 23 attached to the ground ring 21 at predetermined intervals, for example, three unit ground electrodes 27 in the present embodiment. ) Is arranged in the longitudinal direction, and is composed of a ground electrode support 25 for connecting the unit ground electrodes (27). The cylindrical ground electrode 20 of the present invention is connected to the ground wire 2 of the upper pole, and the ground discharge is facilitated by the needle-shaped needle ground electrode 23.

Here, the material of the pole that accommodates the ground ring 21 and the needle ground electrode 23 therein is concrete, and the resistivity of 50 Ω · m to 60 Ω · m is quite good. The tip is not easily worn. Since the cylindrical ground electrode 20 according to the present invention is built in the lower portion of the concrete pole 100, the construction is convenient.

On the other hand, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the steel structure requiring a ground, such as a transmission tower for supporting the transmission line,

Figure 5 (a) is a side view, Figure 5 (b) is a plan view of the concrete foundation formed under the steel structure.

As shown in the figure, the iron tower support 35 is formed of a concrete base 33 consisting of approximately four legs at the bottom, the base material 31 of the support from each of the concrete base 33 Is extended to the upper portion, the auxiliary shell material 29 is provided between the main shell material 31.

The iron structure is connected to the ground wire 41 in four concrete foundations 33 by copper wire and is buried in a length of about 100m, in this case, there is a fear of tremendous natural damage because the buried construction is made after the foundation of the steel tower. Especially in the case of mountainous terrain, it is generally composed of soil with high earth resistivity, so even if you install a ground wire of about 100m, it will not be very effective.In the case of surge power such as lightning, the wire has most inductance, so the grounding effect is more. Falls.

On the other hand, Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention, showing a grounding method that can prevent the damage of grounding resistance and lightning by using a low earth resistivity concrete.

As shown in the figure, after constructing the foundation of the steel tower for the first time to construct the concentric circular ground electrode 39 at the bottom and then construct the concrete structure, there is no inconvenience to construct the grounding work after the construction of the steel tower, As well as using a good grounding body of concrete, the earth potential rise due to lightning can be suppressed to the maximum. In the figure, reference numeral 37 denotes a circular unit ground electrode in the pylon support failure.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the ground electrode structure shown in FIG. 6.

6 and 7, the ground electrode installed in the concrete base 33 of the support is a concentric ground electrode 39.

In the above, the concentric round electrode 39 is embedded in concrete and mainly serves to reduce the ground resistance of a common commercial frequency. The illustrated concentric circular electrode 39 has circular ground rings 21a to 21c and needle-shaped ground electrodes 23a to 23c attached to the lower portion of each of the ground rings 21a to 21c at regular intervals along its circumference. A plurality of unit ground electrodes 27a, 27b, and 27c each of which is formed in a circle are arranged in concentric circles with different diameters.

The needle-shaped ground electrodes 23a to 23c are designed to play a role of suppressing earth potential when lightning current and blocking surge enter the phenomenon of underground discharge at the pointed tip. On the other hand, the number of the unit ground electrodes 27a to 27c arranged above is three to five.

On the other hand, in the above poles may be formed as a grounding pole exterior concrete pole by embedding the grounding electrode around the iron tower foundation of the pole.

8 is a view showing the installation state of the extrapolated ground electrode used in the foundation of the steel tower as another embodiment of the present invention.

8 is similar in function to the concentric round electrode 39 used in FIG. 6, but the ground resistance in the situation where ground resistance or ground discharge is not effective like a rock on the base of the pylon base. In the figure, reference numeral 28 denotes an extrapolated ground electrode, 29 denotes an auxiliary angle member of the support, 31_ is a peripheral angle member of the support, and 36 is a ground lead wire.

9 is a diagram illustrating an abnormal current flow in the ground electrode-built concrete pole according to the present invention.

In general, the abnormal current penetrates the processing ground line 1 and the metal fittings 7 of the concrete support through two main paths.

First, there are natural lightning phenomena invaded by the direct processing ground (1) and the upper conductor (4) in the case of intrusion into the bracket, and second, there are induced lightning induced by the indirect effect of the lightning strikes. In particular, if the processing branch line (1) is invaded directly into the distribution line or invaded the processing branch line (1) or metal fittings and not immediately discharged to the ground can be a significant damage to the consumer if the intrusion into the distribution line (4).

The discharge mechanism of the abnormal current can be divided into two types according to the type of the current. One form is surge and the other is commercial frequency. The two forms occur with each other, but look at each one in consideration of which function is greatly influenced as follows.

First, when an abnormal current flows in, the main function of processing the abnormal current is divided into a surge or a commercial frequency.

Here, the grounding performance of the commercial frequency is mainly influenced by the grounding resistance, but when the inflow current and the earth potential rise generated by the inflowing current are in phase, the grounding performance is expressed by the grounding resistance, and the inflow current and the ground potential If the phase difference of the rise increases, the grounding performance should be evaluated by the grounding impedance.

The ground resistance and the ground impedance are emitted through a ground electrode having a large ground area, such as the ground ring 21, and the inflow current having a sinusoidal frequency characteristic passing through the ground ring 21 is mostly an overcurrent or a three-phase unbalanced current. To return to the substation or power plant that supplied the magnetic through the ground, such a passage is a ground wire, ground ring, the bottom of the pole, the ground, as described above, when the ground ring 21 is embedded in the concrete pole, between the ground electrode and the soil The grounding effect can be enhanced by reducing the contact resistance. In other words, the fault current or unbalanced current at the normal frequency of 60 kHz is in charge of the ring-shaped ground ring 21, and the ground resistance is inversely proportional to the ground area, and thus has a much larger ground area than the rod-type up to now. Deep.

In addition, the grounding performance of surge-induced inrush currents called traveling waves caused by lightning strikes, induced lightning strikes, and substations or breakers in distribution lines is determined by the surge impedance, which is not governed by grounding resistance and depends on changes in the transmission medium. The surge impedance is emitted using a property that discharge occurs when an electric field is concentrated at the tip of the needle ground electrode 23.

In addition, in order to prevent corrosion due to the discharge, the needle ground electrode 23 is formed of a material of stainless steel, not copper, and as a discharge occurs in the soil as described above, a large amount of energy is instantly released to the soil. It secures safety by relieving the risk by restraining the increase in the potential of the earth.

Summarizing the phenomena acting in the above two paths, the inrush current of the commercial frequency is sent to the substation or power plant where the copper ground ring acts as a passage, and the second surge current is transmitted from the needle tip. It radiates to the earth and is radiated to the earth without raising the earth potential. In other words, it is possible to reduce the contact resistance with the ground, to secure the safety of underground buried ground near the ground rod, and to increase the reliability of the power.

As described above, the concrete pole with a ground pole according to the present invention is built into the bottom of the concrete pole and a cylindrical or concentric round pole including a needle-shaped ground pole built in the ground pole embedded in the lower end of the pole pole And needle grounding electrode are automatically buried in the ground so that both commercial frequency and surge current can be discharged through the ground ring and needle grounding electrode, respectively, making installation easier and improving stability of the pole. have.

In other words, when the pole is buried, it is not necessary to dig around the pole and bury the ground pole, so it is easy to bury the pole and install the ground and improve the safety during construction. It is possible to reduce the ground resistance and to reduce the lightning damage due to the surge propagation wave due to the ground discharge effect of the needle ground electrode, thereby reducing the cost and providing high quality power.

In particular, in the case of the grounding of a steel tower such as a transmission line, the disadvantage of constructing the grounding after the construction can be compensated, and thus, there is an advantage in that construction cost reduction effect is large.

In addition, concrete is alkaline once it is formed, which has the advantage of preventing the ground electrode from corroding, and since the grounding depth of the ground electrode reaches several meters, it can play an important role in obtaining lightning damage and necessary ground resistance. Will be done.

On the other hand, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be modified and modified within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention, these modifications and the like will be seen to belong to the following claims.

Claims (8)

In the concrete pole, Unit ground electrode consisting of a circular ground ring in the lower portion of the pole pole embedded in the ground of the concrete pole pole and a needle-shaped ground electrode attached to the lower portion of the ground ring at regular intervals along its circumference in the longitudinal direction A concrete pole equipped with a grounding electrode, characterized in that arranged a plurality of spaced apart at regular intervals, and built-in cylindrical grounding electrode formed by connecting each grounding unit between the grounding pole support. The method of claim 1, The built-in concrete pole with a ground electrode, characterized in that the number of the built-in unit ground electrode. In the concrete pole of the transmission tower, The diameter of the unit ground electrode consisting of a circular ground ring in the lower portion of the pole pole embedded in the ground of the concrete pole pole and a needle-shaped ground pole attached to the lower portion of the ground ring at regular intervals along the circumference thereof A concrete pole with a grounding electrode, characterized in that built in a plurality of concentric grounding poles arranged in a plurality of concentric circles. The method of claim 3, wherein The built-in concrete pole with a ground electrode, characterized in that the number of the built-in unit ground electrode. The method of claim 3, wherein The ground pole is a concrete pole with a ground electrode, characterized in that installed in the concrete base of the lower portion of the steel tower structure of the steel tower structure The method of claim 3, wherein The ground pole is a concrete pole with a ground electrode, characterized in that installed on the outside of the concrete foundation of the steel tower structure. delete delete