KR100264755B1 - Waste water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment apparatus. The apparatus is provided by the lower inlet chamber 10 in which the inlet 12 for the heated fluid is formed, the outlet chamber 30 in which the outlet 32 for the heated fluid is formed, and the blocking plates 10A and 30A. A space 21 is provided between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber, separated from the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber, and in which the heating medium can flow by the housing 20A having the inlet 22 and the outlet 24 for the heating medium. Through the space 21 of the heating chamber 20 to allow heat exchange between the heating chamber 20 and the heated fluid and the heating medium and in fluid communication with the inlet chamber 10 and the discharge chamber 30. A heat exchanger (1) comprising a plurality of flow tubes (26, 28) for guiding a heated fluid flow therein, and a particulate fluid (40) capable of circulating flow along the inside of the flow tube between the inflow chamber and the discharge chamber; The heated object to be heated in fluid communication with the outlet 32 of the discharge chamber 30 of the heat exchanger 1 A wastewater injection port 52 into which a sieve is introduced, a steam outlet 54 for discharging and generating steam separated from the heated heated fluid and in fluid communication with an inlet 22 of the heat exchanger 1, and the heated fluid And a decompression chamber 50 consisting of an outlet 56 for discharging the solids produced therefrom.

Description

Wastewater treatment unit

The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment apparatus for separating and recovering water from wastewater by using a difference between boiling points of foreign substances and water contained in the wastewater by heating the wastewater, and in particular, wastewater that can improve heat exchange efficiency of a heat exchanger for heating wastewater. It relates to a processing device.

In general, the method for treating hardly degradable wastewater includes a biological treatment method using microorganisms, a chemical method in which Fenton oxidation and UV / hydrogen peroxide treatment, UV / ozone treatment, ozone treatment and ozone / hydrogen peroxide treatment are partially used. Treatment methods, reverse osmosis methods, and the like.

The biological treatment method has been steadily attempting to develop microorganisms suitable for specific substances contained in the wastewater. However, there is a problem that the treatment efficiency of the hardly degradable wastewater is very low or takes a very long treatment time. Therefore, this process is only used for the pretreatment to reduce the concentration of waste water.

In the chemical treatment method, the Fenton oxidation treatment has a disadvantage in that a large amount of sludge generated from the reaction product is costly in addition to the disadvantage that an excessive chemical amount of about 4000 ppm or more is required. In addition, the ultraviolet / hydrogen peroxide treatment or the ultraviolet / ozone treatment not only requires an excessive installation cost of an ultraviolet generating device that emits high-density ultraviolet rays, but also requires an excessive cost to input ozone and hydrogen peroxide at an appropriate reaction rate to treat high concentration wastewater. A problem occurs.

The reverse osmosis method has recently been widely applied to the treatment of hardly degradable wastewater and water reuse technology. This process is operated at a pressure of about 80 atm to separate water and foreign matter, and is advantageous for the treatment of low concentration wastewater having a low osmotic pressure, that is, a relatively low salt concentration. However, at such pressure, water does not pass through the membrane and a large amount of concentrated water remains, causing a problem in that its treatment is limited. In order to solve this problem, a method using a high pressure of about 200 atm or more was developed to relatively reduce the amount of residue. However, a problem arises that the energy cost for increasing the working pressure is not only excessively increased, but also the operating cost due to fouling of the membrane is increased.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a wastewater treatment apparatus capable of inexpensively treating all kinds of wastewater including leachate or hardly decomposable industrial wastewater having a relatively high treatment cost.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment apparatus capable of stably treating wastewater regardless of changes in pollution load.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment apparatus capable of treating wastewater and recycling it into water.

1 is a block diagram of a wastewater treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1; FIG.

3 is a block diagram showing a wastewater treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a block diagram of a post-treatment apparatus constituting the wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 5 is a graph showing the heat transfer characteristics over time of the heat exchanger according to the present invention compared with the heat transfer characteristics of the conventional heat exchanger.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1: heat exchanger

10: inflow chamber

10A: Blocker

12: inlet

14: distribution plate

20: heating room

20A: Housing

22: inlet for heating medium

24: outlet for heating medium

26: internal flow pipe

28: external flow pipe

30: discharge chamber

30A: Inclined Block

32: outlet

34: fluid prevention screen

40: particulate fluid

50: decompression chamber

52: wastewater jet

54 steam outlet

56: exit

60: wet cyclone

70: vacuum pump

80: post-processing device

90: compressor

According to the present invention, the wastewater treatment apparatus is separated from the inlet chamber and the discharge chamber by the inlet chamber of the lower portion in which the inlet for the heated fluid is formed, the upper discharge chamber in which the outlet for the heated fluid is formed, and a barrier plate, and the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber. A heating chamber disposed between the chambers and having a space for allowing the flow of the heating medium to be defined by a housing having an inlet and an outlet for the heating medium, and capable of heat exchange between the heated fluid and the heating medium and in fluid communication with the inlet and outlet chambers. A heat exchanger including a plurality of flow tubes for guiding a heated fluid flow guided through the space of the heating chamber, and a particulate fluid capable of circulating flow along the inside of the flow tube between the inflow chamber and the discharge chamber; A wastewater injection port in which a heated fluid to be heated is in fluid communication with an outlet of a discharge chamber of the discharge chamber; And a depressurization chamber configured to discharge steam produced separately from the heated heated fluid and to discharge the vapor generated in fluid communication with the inlet of the heat exchanger, and to discharge the solid product separated from the heated fluid.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 schematically shows a wastewater treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus comprises a heat exchanger (1) in which a heated fluid is heated by heat exchange with a heating medium, and a decompression chamber (50) for separating and generating steam and solids from the heated heated fluid.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 1 includes an inflow chamber 10 positioned at a lower portion thereof to introduce a heated fluid, a discharge chamber 30 for discharging a heated fluid positioned at an upper portion thereof, and a heated object. The heating chamber 20 is located between the inlet chamber 10 and the discharge chamber 30 in which the fluid is heat-exchanged with the heating medium, and a plurality of flow tubes 26 and 28 for guiding the flow of the heated fluid.

The inflow chamber 10 stores the heated fluid flowing in from the outside and the particulate fluid 40. In the heating chamber 20, heat exchange is performed between the heated fluid and the heating medium using the flow tubes 26 and 28 as heat exchange medium. The inflow chamber 10 and the heating chamber 20 are separated by a blocking means such as a blocking plate 10A, and the heating chamber 20 and the discharge chamber 30 have a funnel shape converging from the outside to the center. It is isolated to a blocking means such as the inclined blocking plate 30A. The heated fluid heated in the heating chamber 20 is discharged to the decompression chamber 50 via the discharge chamber 30 as described in detail below.

The heating chamber 20 is provided with a space 21 defined by the outer housing 20A to allow the heating medium to flow therethrough. The outer housing 20A is provided with an inlet 22 through which the heating medium flows into the space 21 and an outlet 24 through which the heating medium is discharged from the space 21 to the outside. The heating medium consists of a fluid which is heated by heating means, such as a burner, not shown. The heating chamber 20 is provided with a plurality of flow tubes 26 and 28 for guiding the flow of the fluid to be heated between the inlet chamber 10 and the discharge chamber 30. This flow tube consists of an inner flow tube 26 positioned generally in the heating chamber and an outer flow tube 28 disposed around the inner flow tube 26 adjacent to the outer housing 20A.

In addition, the outer flow pipe 28 has one end penetrating the blocking plate 10A in the inlet chamber 10 and the other end penetrating the inclined blocking plate 30A in the outlet chamber 30, It consists of a tube that is relatively longer than the length of the internal flow tube 26, extending from 10 to the discharge chamber 30. The inner flow pipe 26 consists of a tube in which one end penetrates the blocking plate 10A and is located in the inflow chamber 10 and the other end is connected to a substantially central portion of the inclined blocking plate 30A to communicate with the discharge chamber 30. . That is, the ends of the inflow chamber 10 side of the inner and outer flow tubes 26 and 28 are the same height, but the end height of the outer chamber side of the discharge chamber 28 is higher than the end height of the inner flow tube 26 of the discharge chamber side.

Meanwhile, a distribution plate 14 having a plurality of through holes is provided in an upper portion of the inflow chamber 10 spaced apart from the blocking plate 10A by a predetermined distance. The through hole is disposed corresponding to the size and position of the lower end of the outer flow pipe 28 in the heating chamber 20. Therefore, the heated fluid and the fluid 40 in the inflow chamber 10 flow through the through-holes and flow guide to the discharge chamber 30 via the external flow pipe 28. Therefore, the medium to be heated in the inlet chamber 10 is guided to flow to the discharge chamber 30 through the external flow pipe 28 and the heated fluid in the discharge chamber 30 is transferred to the inclined blocking plate 30A by its load. After flowing down along the surface, it is guided to flow to the inflow chamber 10 via the inner flow pipe 26.

As described above, the plurality of particulate fluids 40 provided in the heat exchanger 1 are flow tubes in the heating chamber 20 in association with the circulating flow of the fluid to be heated between the inlet chamber 10 and the discharge chamber 30. Circulating flow via (26, 28). That is, the fluid 40 flows from the inlet chamber 10 along the outer flow tube 28 to the discharge chamber 30 and guides the flow from the discharge chamber 30 to the inlet chamber 10 along the inner flow tube 26. do. Such a fluid is made of various materials, such as glass and iron, depending on the material or operating conditions of each part of the heat exchanger 1. In addition, the fluid 40 circulates along the interior of the flow tubes 26 and 28 as described later, not only to promote disturbance of the thermal boundary layer and turbulence in the flow tubes 26 and 28 at the inner wall of the flow tube. Rather, the scale and fouling formed on the inner walls of the flow tubes 26 and 28 are removed to improve the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger 1.

That is, as shown in Figure 5, in the general heat exchanger that does not include the particulate fluid, the heat transfer coefficient through the flow pipe is reduced as the operating time of the heat exchanger elapses, the heat transfer coefficient in the state that the heat exchanger was operated for about 60 hours Is reduced by about 2/3 of the initial heat transfer coefficient. However, in the heat exchanger according to the invention comprising the particulate fluid 40, the heat transfer coefficient indicates that it remains constant or rather slightly rises even after the operating time has elapsed.

Referring back to FIG. 2, a plurality of particulate fluids 40 are stored in the inlet chamber 10. One side of the inlet chamber 10 is provided with an inlet 12, through which the heated fluid pressurized by a hydraulic pump (not shown) or the like is introduced. The inlet 12 is selectively opened and closed by an opening and closing means such as a check valve or the like.

One side of the discharge chamber 30 is provided with an outlet 32 through which the heated heated fluid is discharged. The fluid 40 is collected by its load along its slope along the sloped surface of the inclined block 30A with some of the unheated fluid from the heated fluid flowed from the inlet chamber 10 and then into the inner flow tube 26. It is guided to the inlet chamber 10 via). The remaining fully heated fluid flows through the outlet 32 into the decompression chamber 50.

On the other hand, the decompression chamber 50 is in fluid communication with the outlet 32 of the discharge chamber 30 of the heat exchanger 1 through the waste water injection port 52 through which the heated heated fluid flows in, and the waste water injection port 52. It consists of a steam outlet 54 and an outlet 56 for discharging steam and solids, which are separated from the heated heated heated fluid, respectively.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an agglomeration settling tank (not shown) is provided for pretreating the heated fluid flowing into the inlet 12 of the inlet chamber 10. While the heated fluid is stored in the flocculation settler, the insoluble foreign matter and dissolved salts contained in the heated fluid settle in the flocculation settler. As a result, the heated fluid in which the concentrations of the non-soluble foreign matter and the dissolved salts are reduced is introduced into the inlet chamber 10 of the heat exchanger 1 to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heated fluid in the heat exchanger 1.

Now, the operation of the wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

The heated fluid in which the liquid and the solid are mixed is transferred to the inlet 12 of the heat exchanger 1 along the arrow A shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by an operation of a hydraulic pump or the like not shown. Through the flow in the vortex state is mixed with the particulate fluid 40 stored in the inlet chamber (10). At this time, in order to improve the treatment capacity of the wastewater treatment apparatus, the heated fluid is pretreated in a fluid pretreatment apparatus (not shown) such as a coagulation sedimentation tank so that the concentration of insoluble foreign substances and dissolved salts is reduced. 12 may be introduced into the inlet chamber (10).

The heated fluid introduced into the inlet chamber 10 passes through the through holes in the distribution plate 14 together with the particulate fluids 40 in the inlet chamber 10 and passes through the outer flow pipe 28 to the discharge chamber 30. Flow). On the other hand, the heating medium which is heated by the heating means (not shown) and then flows in through the inlet 22 of the housing 20A is between the space 21 in the heating chamber 20, that is, between the flow tubes 26 and 28. Heat exchanges itself with the heated fluid circulating along the flow tubes 26 and 28 while passing through and cools itself and raises the temperature of the heated fluid. The particulate fluid 40 circulating together with the heated fluid collides with the inner walls of the flow tubes 26 and 28 as described above, separating the scale and fouling attached to the inner wall, and also disturbing the heat transfer boundary layer of the inner wall. It is possible to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 1, that is, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 1.

The heated fluid heated to a predetermined temperature while repeating the circulating flow of the heated fluid as described above is discharged through the outlet 32 of the discharge chamber 30 along the arrow B shown in FIG. It flows to the wastewater injection port 52 of the chamber 50. At this time, the particulate fluid 40 which is guided to the discharge chamber 30 along the external flow pipe 26 along with the heated fluid is discharged by the fluid prevention screen 34 located at the lower end of the discharge port 32. Flow to) is blocked. Thereafter, the fluid 40 is flow guided to the inlet chamber 10 along the inner flow pipe 26. On the other hand, the heated fluid that does not reach a predetermined temperature is repeatedly circulated between the inlet chamber 10 and the discharge chamber 30 along the flow pipe (26, 28).

By regulating the evaporation pressure in the decompression chamber 50, the liquid and solid in the heated fluid are effectively separated and produced in the vapor and solid state. The generated steam is discharged through the steam outlet 54 formed in the upper portion of the chamber 50 and the solids are discharged through the outlet 56 generated in the lower portion of the chamber 50. Here, when the waste treatment apparatus is operated in a batch type, the solids can be disposed of directly in the slurry state. However, when the waste treatment apparatus is operated in a continuous treatment manner, the solids discharged through the outlet 56 are transferred to the wet cyclone 60 so as to maintain the foreign matter concentration of the heated fluid in the heat exchanger 1. Inlet, wet, and disposed of as slurry. Meanwhile, after the solid is removed from the wet cyclone 60, the remaining liquid may be mixed with the heated fluid flowing into the inlet chamber 10 and introduced into the inlet chamber 10.

Therefore, according to the present invention, wastewater such as leachate or relatively decomposable industrial waste, which has a relatively high processing cost, can be treated at low cost regardless of its kind, and can be treated stably regardless of changes in pollution load.

On the other hand, by using the waste heat of the steam discharged through the steam outlet 54 of the pressure reduction chamber 50, it is possible to reduce the operating cost of the wastewater treatment apparatus. That is, by fluidly communicating the inlet 22 for the heating medium of the heating chamber 20 of the heat exchanger 1 with the vapor outlet 54 of the decompression chamber 50, the steam discharged through the vapor outlet 54 is housed. It may be mixed with the heating medium flowing into the heating chamber 20 through the inlet 22 of (20A). Therefore, it is possible to lower the operating cost of the wastewater treatment apparatus by reducing the fuel consumption than when only the heating medium is used. The steam introduced into the heating chamber 20 is exchanged with the fluid to be heated through the flow tubes 26 and 28, and then discharged into the condensate state through the outlet 24 of the housing 20A.

3 shows a waste disposal apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. Here, the waste disposal apparatus is in fluid communication with the steam outlet 54 of the decompression chamber 50 and the inlet 22 of the housing, in addition to the same components as those shown in FIG. And a compressor 90 which pressurizes and flows the steam discharged from 54 to the housing 20A in a compressed state.

Therefore, as described above, the to-be-heated fluid is directly introduced into the inlet chamber 10 of the heat exchanger 1 or after being pretreated in the coagulation sedimentation tank, and then into the inlet chamber 10 of the heat exchanger 1. The heated fluid in the heat exchanger 1 flows between the inlet chamber 10 and the discharge chamber 30 along the flow tubes 26 and 28 together with the particulate fluid 40, and the inlet 22 of the housing 20A. Heat exchanged with the heating medium introduced into the heating chamber 20 through the). The heated fluid heated to a predetermined temperature among the heated fluid flowing along the outer flow pipe 28 to the discharge chamber 30 is discharged from the discharge port 32 of the discharge chamber 30 to the decompression chamber 50 while The heated fluid that has not reached the temperature is introduced into the inlet chamber 10 along the inner flow tube 28 together with the particulate fluid 40.

The liquid contained in the heated fluid at a predetermined temperature introduced into the decompression chamber 50 through the wastewater injection port 52 evaporates to generate steam. On the other hand, the amount of vaporization of the liquid can be increased by adjusting the pressure in the decompression chamber 50. The generated steam flows into the compressor 90 through the steam outlet 54 of the chamber 50, is compressed, and then flows into the inlet 22 of the housing 20A of the heating chamber 20. The compression of the steam raises the pressure of the steam and thus the saturation temperature of the steam, thereby effectively exchanging the compressed steam with the heated fluid circulating through the flow tubes 26 and 28. That is, as the condensation of steam occurs outside the flow tubes 26 and 28, the latent heat of condensation is transferred to the heated fluid inside the flow tubes 26 and 28 to increase the temperature of the heated fluid. Therefore, energy consumption is reduced by using waste heat of steam as part of a heat source for heating the heated fluid. In this way, the cooled steam after heat-exchanging with the fluid to be heated is discharged to the condensate state through the outlet 24 of the housing 20A.

Meanwhile, volatile substances may be contained in the condensed water during the evaporation process in the decompression chamber 50. Therefore, it is necessary to post-treat the condensate discharged through the outlet 24 of the housing 20A to recover such volatiles. Thus, in order to post-treat the condensate according to the present invention, the wastewater treatment apparatus is, for example, as shown in Figure 4, the pH adjustment tank 82 and the biological treatment tank, chemical treatment tank and / or physical treatment of the condensate It may further comprise a post-processing device 80 composed of a device 84 such as a bath. That is, the condensed water discharged through the outlet 24 of the housing 20A flows into the pH adjusting tank 82, and its pH value is adjusted to a predetermined value. The pH adjusted condensate is treated and discharged after treatment to recover volatiles from devices 84 such as biological treatment tanks, chemical treatment tanks and / or physical treatment tanks depending on their properties. Here, in the biological treatment tank, the condensed water is treated by the activated sludge method or the biofilm reaction method. In chemical treatment tanks, condensate is treated with ozone, UV, or hydrogen peroxide. In the physical treatment tank, condensate is treated with degassing, activated carbon, and the like. On the other hand, in order to improve the post-treatment efficiency of the condensate, the non-condensing gas contained in the condensate is separately collected by a suction pump such as the vacuum pump 70. The treatment of such non-condensable gas is omitted.

On the other hand, as described above, when the waste disposal apparatus is operated in a batch processing manner, the solids remaining in the decompression chamber 50 may be disposed of directly in a slurry state. However, when the waste treatment apparatus is operated in a continuous treatment manner, the solids are introduced into the wet cyclones 60, wetted, and disposed of in a slurry state, and are removed after the solids are removed from the wet cyclones 60. The liquid may be mixed with the heated fluid flowing into the inlet chamber 10 and introduced into the inlet chamber 10. As a result, the salt concentration in the wastewater treatment apparatus can be adjusted to a predetermined value. That is, as the fluid to be heated is continuously evaporated, the concentration of the salt in the fluid to be heated is increased by the suspended solid material remaining in the heat exchanger 1. At this time, the salt concentration in the apparatus may be adjusted to a predetermined value by continuously separating and extracting the solids through the wet cyclone 60 or adjusting the amount of the liquid flowing into the inlet chamber 10.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the wastewater treatment apparatus can reduce the energy consumption by flowing the particulate fluid with the heated fluid inside the flow pipe installed in the heating chamber of the heat exchanger to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger, It can be widely applied regardless of kinds of leachate having high treatment cost or hardly decomposable industrial waste.

Claims (5)

The inlet chamber 10 having the inlet 12 for the heated fluid 12 formed therein, the outlet chamber 30 having the outlet 32 for the heated fluid 32 formed therein, and the inlet chamber 10A and 30A. And a heating chamber, which is spaced from the discharge chamber and is disposed between the inlet chamber and the discharge chamber, and has a space 21 in which the heating medium can be flown by a housing 20A having an inlet 22 and an outlet 24 for the heating medium. 20 and the blood installed through the space 21 of the heating chamber 20 so that heat exchange is possible between the heated fluid and the heating medium and in fluid communication with the inflow chamber 10 and the discharge chamber 30. A heat exchanger (1) comprising a plurality of flow tubes (26, 28) for guiding heating fluid flow, and a particulate fluid (40) capable of circulating flow along the interior of the flow tube between the inlet and outlet chambers; The waste water injection port 52 in fluid communication with the outlet 32 of the discharge chamber 30 of the heat exchanger 1 is introduced, and the steam generated from the heated heated fluid is discharged. And a depressurization chamber (50) consisting of a vapor outlet (54) in fluid communication with the inlet (22) of the heat exchanger (1), and an outlet (56) for discharging the solids separated from the heated fluid. Wastewater treatment device characterized in that. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an agglomeration settling tank in fluid communication with the inlet (12) of the inlet chamber (10) and for pretreating the heated fluid. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a wet cyclone (60) for wet treating solids discharged from the outlet (56) of the decompression chamber (50). 4. The vapor flow filter of claim 3, wherein the vapor is discharged from the vapor outlet port 54 of the decompression chamber in fluid communication with the vapor outlet port 54 of the decompression chamber and the inlet 22 of the housing. Wastewater treatment apparatus further comprises a compressor (90). 5. The aftertreatment device (80) according to claim 4, comprising a pH adjusting tank (82) for adjusting the pH of the condensate discharged by condensation and a device (84) for biologically, chemically, or physically treating the pH adjusted condensate. Wastewater treatment apparatus further comprising a.