KR0158649B1 - Liquid crystal display device of in-plane switching mode - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device of a planar driving method. The present invention consists of a first substrate on which wiring is formed and on which an alignment film is not formed, a second substrate on which a wiring is not formed, and a rubbing treated alignment film is formed, and a liquid crystal material enclosed therebetween. In the first substrate, a common electrode to which a common voltage is applied is formed vertically, a gate line is formed horizontally, and a pixel electrode formed vertically is formed between the common electrodes. A data line is formed on the common electrode along the common electrode through the gate insulating layer, and one terminal is connected to the gate line, the other terminal is connected to the data line, and the other terminal is connected to the pixel electrode. Is formed. Through this structure, the present invention increases the aperture ratio while expanding the viewing angle.

Description

Flat Drive Liquid Crystal Display

1 (a) and (b) show a conventional flat drive liquid crystal display device.

2 is a view showing a flat panel liquid crystal display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG.

4A to 4E are plan views illustrating a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

5 to 10 (a) and (b) are views for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

100: substrate 110: gate line

120: common electrode line 121: common electrode

122: sustain electrode 130: data line

140: pixel electrode 150: gate insulating layer

160 semiconductor layer 171,172 contact layer

180: source electrode 190: drain electrode

200: first substrate 300: second substrate

400: liquid crystal molecules

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display of an in-plane switching mode (IPS mode).

A liquid crystal display is one of the most popular flat panel displays in recent years, and is a display device using an electro-optical effect of a liquid crystal material, and its driving method is largely a simple matrix type and an active matrix type. divided into (active matrix type).

In an active matrix liquid crystal display, an operation of each pixel is controlled by adding a switching element having a nonlinear characteristic to each pixel arranged in a matrix form. That is, a three-terminal thin film transistor (TFT) is generally used as the switching element, and a thin film diode (TFD) such as a two-terminal metal insulator metal (MIM) is also used.

In particular, the thin film transistor liquid crystal display, which is currently being actively researched, has a thin film transistor, a pixel electrode, a gate line for supplying opening and closing signals to the pixels, and a data line for supplying an image signal. A thin film transistor substrate having lines formed thereon, an opposing substrate having common electrodes formed thereon, and a liquid crystal material enclosed therebetween. In this thin film transistor liquid crystal display, a twisted-nematic (TIN) method in which liquid crystal molecules are arranged at 90 ° from one substrate to another is mainly used.

However, such a liquid crystal display device, particularly a liquid crystal display device using a twisted nematic liquid crystal material, depends on the angle viewed by contrast. In other words, the transmittance at each gray level depends on the viewing angle. In particular, the angle dependence of the contrast is very severe in the vertical direction. This angular dependence in the vertical direction occurs due to the arrangement of the electrically induced liquid crystal directors.

The electrical and optical characteristics of such a twisted nematic liquid crystal display are due to the anisotropy of the liquid crystal. More specifically, the liquid crystal molecules encapsulated between the two substrates form an optical axis and form a viewing angle direction along the optical axis, so that an angle at which an image of the liquid crystal display can be viewed is limited, and only on the display device within this viewing angle. There is a problem in that displayed characters or pictures can be recognized. In the case of the twisted nematic method, the optical axis is twisted by 90 degrees, so that the viewing angle is formed only in the range of about 90 degrees around the optical axis. In particular, when the alignment of the liquid crystal material is well in one direction, there is a problem that the viewing angle is further narrowed because the optical anisotropy becomes stronger.

Recently, as the products for liquid crystal display devices become more diverse, wide viewing angles are required, and various approaches have been proposed to make such wide viewing angles.

Wide-Viewing-Angle Improvements for AMLCDs and Japan DISPLAY '92 pp.591-594, such as SID 93 DIGEST pp.265-268, include pixel divided TN cells, multi-domain bitlin nematic cells ( multi-domain TN cells).

Among them, a multi-domain twisted nematic cell will be described. Twisted nematic cells have visual characteristics that are symmetric in the horizontal direction but asymmetric in the vertical direction. By forming multiple regions in each pixel, an average visual characteristic may be obtained by adding optical transmittances of regions having various visual characteristics.

As a simple case of these multi-domain cells, K. H. Yang proposed a two-domain twisted nematic (TDTN) cell (IDRC 91 Digest, p. 68). Here, the liquid crystal directors of the two regions are arranged to be inclined in opposite directions. This can exhibit symmetrical visual characteristics in the vertical direction as well as in the horizontal direction, thereby supplementing the optical transmission of one area having a wide upward viewing range to another area having a wide downward viewing range.

However, in order to realize such a TDTN cell, there is a problem of rubbing on a polyimide coated on a substrate several times.

Specifically, the two substrates undergo two optical and four rubbing processes. These processes are not only complicated, but also the polyimide alignment layer is often damaged by an alkali developing process during the optical process.

To overcome this problem, K. Takatori et al. Proposed a complementary twisted nematic (Complementary TN) cell. In this structure, only one substrate is divided into two regions having a large inclination angle, and the other substrate has a small inclination angle. This process is relatively simple, consisting of one optical process and three rubbing processes. In such C-TN and DDTN cells, the region is controlled by the helical power and the tilt angle of the liquid crystal material.

In addition, Y. Koike et al. Proposed a domain separated TN (DDTN) cell to simplify the process. Here, the alignment is completed by rubbing only once on the organic or inorganic alignment film patterned on each substrate. Thus, the method includes two optical processes and two rubbing processes and additional inorganic alignment films for the two opposing substrates.

However, these methods have a problem that the manufacturing process is complicated and difficult, or OCB method is difficult to maintain a stable control of the liquid crystal by the applied voltage.

In addition, there is a problem that most of these methods do not significantly solve the problem of reduction of contrast ratio and color shift.

As a method for solving the above problems, liquid crystal values using a planar driving method have been proposed.

In the planar driving method, a liquid crystal display is driven by forming both a gate line, a data line, and a common electrode on a substrate. Unlike a general method using a voltage difference between two substrates, a voltage difference within a substrate is changed. It gives rise to the reaction of liquid crystal molecules.

Next, the liquid crystal display of the conventional planar driving method will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 (a) and (b) show a conventional flat drive type liquid crystal display device, and the Development of Super-TFT-LCDs with In-Plane Switching Display Mode (ASIA DISPLAY '95 pp. 707-710). M. Ohta et al.).

First, the structure shown in FIG. 1 (a) will be described.

The gate line 1 is formed horizontally, and the data line 11 is formed vertically. In addition, the opposite electrode line 2 is formed in parallel with the gate line 1 by the same material as the gate line 1, and the branch 3 of the opposite electrode line 2 is directed toward the gate line 1, and then the gate line 1 is formed. It is formed in parallel with the gate line 1 (4) in the vicinity of (1) again. The thin film transistor TFT is formed near the intersection point of the gate line 1 and the data line 11. The gate electrode of the thin film transistor is part of the gate line 1, and the source electrode is part of the data line 11. to be. Meanwhile, the drain electrode of the thin film transistor is formed of the same material as the data line 11 and extends to form a rectangular pixel electrode 16. The pixel electrode 16 is located in the vicinity of the data line 11 and has a portion parallel to the data line 11, overlaps the counter electrode line 2 and the branch 4 parallel thereto, and has a rectangular shape. In the center, the branch 3 of the common electrode line 2 crosses.

Next, the structure shown in FIG. 1 (b) is opposite to that of FIG. 1 (a) in the branch of the common electrode line and the structure of the pixel electrode. This will be described in detail.

The gate line 1 is formed horizontally, and the data line 11 is formed vertically. Moreover, the counter electrode line 2 is formed in parallel with the gate line 1 by the same material as the gate line 1, and the branch 6 of the counter electrode line 2 is formed in the rectangle. The rectangular counter electrode line branch 6 is located in the vicinity of the data line 11 and has a portion parallel to the data line 11. The thin film transistor TFT is formed near the intersection point of the gate line 1 and the data line 11. The gate electrode of the thin film transistor TFT is part of the gate line 1, and the source electrode is the data line 11. Is part of). The drain electrode of the thin film transistor TFT is formed of the same material as the data line 11 and extends to become the pixel electrodes 13 and 14. A portion 14 of the pixel electrodes 13 and 14 overlaps the counter electrode line 2 and the branch parallel to the counter electrode line 2, and crosses the center of the rectangle formed by the branch of the common electrode line 2 ( 13)

In such a liquid crystal display device, the potential difference between the common electrode line 2 and its branches 3, 4; 6 and the pixel electrodes 16; 13, 14 is used to change the direction of the liquid crystal molecules and thereby transmit light. The display operation is performed using the change.

As a result of measuring the viewing angle characteristic using such a liquid crystal display device, this paper reports that it is superior to the conventional liquid crystal display device.

However, this paper also points out some considerations for such a planar drive type liquid crystal display.

First, the electric field generated from the data line must be effectively shielded.

In FIG. 1A, the pixel electrode is adjacent to the data line, and in FIG. 2B, the opposite electrode is adjacent to the data line, both of which may serve to shield the electric field from the data line. However, since the pixel electrode has a floating potential while a signal is not applied, the pixel electrode is easily affected by the potential of the other part, whereas the opposite electrode is not affected because the potential is constantly supplied from an external power source. Considering the fact that it is not, it can be seen that the case of Fig. 1 (b) is more effective for shielding the electric field from the data line.

Second, the aperture ratio should be considered. Since the pixel electrode and the data line are made of the same material, a distance between the two is required in the structure as shown in FIG. 1 (a) to prevent a short circuit between the two. However, in FIG. 1B, since an insulating layer exists between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, the distance between the data line and the counter electrode may be close. That is, the structure of FIG. 1 (b) can easily obtain a large opening ratio compared with the structure of FIG.

However, the conventional technology using the planar driving method has an effect of expanding the viewing angle than the related art, but has a problem that the aperture ratio is small.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and to effectively shield the electric field from the data line and increase the aperture ratio while securing a wide viewing angle characteristic, which is an advantage of the planar driving method.

According to the present invention for achieving the above object, a substrate for a liquid crystal display device,

Board,

A common electrode applied with a common voltage and formed vertically,

A gate line separated from the common electrode and formed horizontally;

A gate insulating layer covering an entire surface of the substrate on which the common electrode and the gate line are formed;

A pixel electrode formed vertically on the gate insulating layer between the common electrode,

A data line formed along the common electrode on the gate insulating layer on the common electrode,

One terminal is connected to the gate line, the other terminal is connected to the data line, and the other terminal includes a transistor connected to the pixel electrode.

In this case, it is preferable that the width of the data line does not exceed the width of the common electrode.

Another liquid crystal display substrate according to the present invention for achieving the above object,

Board,

A plurality of common electrode lines formed horizontally on the substrate,

A plurality of common electrodes vertically formed vertically above and below the common electrode line as a branch of the common electrode line,

A plurality of sustain electrodes vertically formed between the common electrodes,

A plurality of gate lines which are separated from the common electrode line and the common electrode, are formed horizontally between the upper and lower common electrode lines, and are electrically connected to the sustain electrode and cross each other;

A gate insulating layer covering the entire surface of the substrate on which the common electrode line, the common electrode, the sustain electrode, and the gate line are formed;

A plurality of pixel electrodes formed vertically along the storage electrode on the gate insulating layer on the storage electrode and not formed at the intersection of the gate line and the storage electrode;

A data line formed along the common electrode on the gate insulating layer on the common electrode and not exceeding the width of the common electrode,

The first terminal is connected to the gate line, the second terminal is connected to the data line, the third terminal is connected to the pixel electrode above the gate line and the sustain electrode, and the fourth terminal is connected to the pixel electrode below the gate line and the sustain electrode. It includes a two-channel transistor.

In the above two cases, the sustain electrode and the common electrode are preferably made of a transparent conductive material for the expansion of the aperture ratio, and the gate line and the data line are preferably made of chromium.

The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention for achieving this object,

Transparent insulation substrate,

A common electrode vertically applied with a common voltage,

A gate line separated from the common electrode and formed horizontally;

An insulating layer covering the entire surface of the insulating substrate on which the common electrode and the gate line are formed;

A pixel electrode formed vertically on the gate insulating layer between the common electrodes,

A data line formed along the common electrode on the gate insulating layer on the common electrode,

A first substrate including a transistor connected at one terminal to a gate line, at another terminal to a data line, and at the other terminal to a pixel electrode;

A transparent insulating substrate, a second substrate formed on the insulating substrate and having an horizontal alignment and rubbing treatment in a predetermined direction, the second substrate, and a liquid crystal material encapsulated between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Here, the first polarizer attached to the first substrate and the second polarizer attached to the second substrate may be further included.

The encapsulated liquid crystal material may be a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy, and in this case, the rubbing direction of the alignment layer of the second substrate is preferably the same as the length direction of the data line. At this time, it is preferable that the polarization axis of the second polarizer coincides with the rubbing direction of the alignment film of the second substrate, and the polarization axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are orthogonal or parallel to each other.

Alternatively, the encapsulated liquid crystal material may be a chiral nematic liquid crystal, wherein the pitch of the liquid crystal material is 80 ° to 90 °, and the rubbing direction of the alignment layer of the second substrate is perpendicular to the length direction of the data line. The polarization axis of the second polarizer coincides with the rubbing direction of the alignment film of the second substrate, and the polarization axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are orthogonal or parallel to each other.

Next, embodiments of the liquid crystal display according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a layout view of one substrate of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG.

First, the planar structure of the substrate for a liquid crystal display according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

The common electrode line 120 made of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) is formed horizontally on the transparent glass substrate 100, and the common electrode 121, which is a branch thereof, is moved up and down about the common electrode line 120. It is formed vertically. The common electrode 121, which is a lower branch of the upper common electrode line 120, and the common electrode 121, which is an upper branch of the lower common electrode line 120, have a predetermined distance from each other.

Between the common electrodes 121, a sustain electrode 122 made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO is formed vertically from the upper common electrode line 120 to the lower common electrode line 120, and the common electrode line 120. There is a certain distance to avoid short circuit.

The gate line 110 is formed horizontally in the space between the upper and lower common electrodes 121, is connected to the storage electrode 122, and is spaced apart from the common electrode 121 so as not to be shorted.

The gate insulating layer (reference numeral 150 in FIG. 3) is entirely covered on the common electrode line 120, the common electrode 121, the storage electrode 122, and the gate line 110 described above.

The pixel electrode 140 is formed on the gate insulating layer on the storage electrode 122, and the two pixel electrodes 140 are separated from each other by the gate line 110.

A data line 130 is formed and filtered along the common electrode 121 formed vertically, overlapping with the common electrode 121, and having a width smaller than that of the common electrode 121. The common electrode 121 and the data line ( A gate insulating layer is interposed between 130. The data line 130 intersects the gate line 110 with a gate insulating layer, and a branch of the data line 130 is formed at the intersection of the data line 130 and the gate line 110. As a result, it extends from side to side and forms a source electrode of the thin film transistor TFT at the intersection with the sustain electrode 122. Since the data line 130 is formed on the common electrode 121, the electric field generated from the data line 130 is mostly directed toward the common electrode 121 and has little influence on the left and right sides thereof. This is especially true when the width of the common electrode 121 is larger.

Next, the structure of the thin film transistor will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3.

In the present embodiment, the thin film transistor adopts a two-channel structure, and the gate electrode 110 of the thin film transistor is part of the gate line 110. A gate insulating layer 150 made of a material such as silicon nitride is formed on the gate electrode. A semiconductor layer 160 made of an amorphous material is formed on the gate insulating layer 150, and contact layers 171 and 172 formed of a material such as n + amorphous silicon are formed thereon. In this case, since the two-channel structure is adopted, the contact layers 171 and 172 are disposed in three portions on the semiconductor layer 160, that is, at the center and both ends. The source electrode 180 and the drain electrode 190 are formed on the contact layers 171 and 172, and the source electrode 180 formed on the contact layer 171 in the center is a branch of the data line 130. The drain electrode 190 formed on the contact layer 172 is connected to the pixel electrode 140.

As described above, the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention has a symmetrical structure with respect to the gate line 110, the data line 130, the common electrode line 120, and the like. It becomes a structure which intersects in the center part of a pixel.

In such a liquid crystal display substrate, the common electrode line 120, the common electrode 121, the pixel electrode 140, the sustain electrode 122, and the like are formed of ITO, and a two-channel transistor is adopted. Since the area occupies is small, the opening ratio is higher than that of the structures shown in Figs. 1 (a) and (b).

Next, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device having such a structure will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4F.

First, as shown in FIG. 4A, a transparent conductive material such as ITO is stacked and etched to form a common electrode line 120, a branched common electrode 121, and a sustain electrode 122. The common electrode line 120 is formed horizontally, the common electrode 121 is formed symmetrically up and down the common electrode line 120, and the sustain electrode 122 is the common electrode line 120 and the common electrode 121. It is formed long vertically between the common electrode line 120 so as not to meet.

Next, as illustrated in FIG. 4B, a conductive material such as chromium is stacked and patterned to form a gate line 110 horizontally between the upper and lower common electrodes 121. In this case, the gate line 110 is connected to the sustain electrode 122 formed vertically.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), silicon nitride, amorphous silicon, and n + amorphous silicon are stacked in this order, and the upper two layers are etched to etch the contact layer (171, 172 in FIG. 3) and the semiconductor layer (160 in FIG. 3). ).

Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 4D, a transparent conductive material such as ITO is patterned to form the pixel electrode 140 overlapping the sustain electrode 122. In this case, it is preferable that the pixel electrode 140 does not overlap the contact layer and the semiconductor layer formed above.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4E, a conductive material such as chromium is stacked and patterned to form a data line 130. In this case, the data line 130 is vertically formed on the common electrode 121 along the common electrode 121, but the width of the data line 130 is narrower than that of the common electrode 121. Then, at the intersection of the data line 130 and the gate line 110, the branch of the data line 130 is pulled from side to side to become a source electrode (180 in FIG. 3) of the thin film transistor TFT, and separated from each other up and down. The drain electrode 190 connected to the pixel electrode 140 is formed together. The contact layer (171, 172 in FIG. 3) is etched using this as a mask.

Finally, when the protective film is formed on the entire surface, one substrate for the liquid crystal display according to the present embodiment is completed. For convenience, a substrate on which wiring is formed is called a first substrate and another substrate is called a second substrate.

Thus, since all the wirings are formed on the first substrate, no wiring is formed on the second substrate.

Next consider the orientation.

Once a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 140, an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode 140 and the common electrode 121 by a potential difference with the common electrode 121. In this case, the direction of the electric field is a linear direction toward the pixel electrode 140 from the common electrode 121 or the common electrode 121 from the pixel electrode 140 in the vicinity of the first substrate surface (the higher the upward direction from the first substrate surface). A curved electric field is formed), when a sufficient electric field is applied, the liquid crystal directors near the surface of the first substrate are arranged along the direction of the electric field or perpendicular to the direction of the electric field. In view of this, when using a liquid crystal material having a positive dielectric anisotropy, the initial state of the liquid crystal molecules is preferably a direction in which the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules coincides with the longitudinal direction of the common electrode 121 or the pixel electrode 140. Do. Therefore, in the state in which the electric field is not applied, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules must match the longitudinal direction of the common electrode 121 or the pixel electrode 140.

In this case, a liquid crystal material to be sealed between the two substrates may be selected as nematic liquid crystals, nematic liquid crystals to which chiral additives are added, or chiral nematic liquid crystals. Let's consider the case where it doesn't twist.

In order to arrange the liquid crystal directors near the surface of the first substrate in the longitudinal direction of the common electrode 121, a method of forming an alignment layer on the second substrate and rubbing in the longitudinal direction of the common electrode 121 may be considered. Instead, the alignment layer and rubbing may be omitted in the first substrate, but rubbing may be performed with the alignment layer whose orientation is weaker than the force applied by the electric field to the liquid crystal molecules. However, it is preferable to extend the viewing angle because the alignment layer is omitted and no rubbing is performed on the first substrate to free the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules.

Then, the liquid crystal molecules encapsulated between the two substrates are arranged in the longitudinal direction.

Next, the operation of the liquid crystal display when the nematic liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy are vertically arranged without applying a voltage will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9.

First, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 140. FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 5, and FIG. ) Is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 5. As can be seen, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules 400 are arranged parallel to the substrate such that the major axis of the liquid crystal molecules 400 extends from the first substrate 200 to the second substrate 300.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a case in which a sufficient voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 140 so that the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in parallel to the direction of the electric field. FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 7. As can be seen here, the molecules 400 near the second substrate 300 remain intact by the orientation force, while the molecules near the first substrate 200 are changed in direction by the electric field, and thus Parallel to the direction, molecules in the middle are gradually rotating from the first substrate 200 to the second substrate 300. Here, since the liquid crystal molecules on the wiring are located on the conductor, they are not affected by the electric field.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a case where a predetermined voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 140 to form a liquid crystal molecule at an angle with a direction of an electric field. FIG. 10 (a) is taken along the FF line of FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view taken along the line GG of FIG. As can be seen here, the molecules 400 near the second substrate 300 remain intact by the orientation force, whereas the molecules 400 near the first substrate 200 are oriented by the electric field. They change to form an angle with the direction of the electric field, and the molecules in the middle are gradually rotating from the first substrate 200 to the second substrate 300. Here, since the liquid crystal molecules on the wiring are located on the conductor, they are not affected by the electric field.

If the polarizers are attached to the two substrates of the liquid crystal display, desired gray scale display can be obtained. At this time, it is preferable that the polarization axis of the polarizer attached to the second substrate is the same as the rubbing direction of the alignment film of the second substrate, and the polarization axis of the polarizer attached to the first substrate is orthogonal or parallel thereto.

In the foregoing embodiment, the liquid crystal display device in the case where the alignment is performed without twisting the nematic liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy, but various modifications can be made.

One example may be the same arrangement as in the normal twisted nematic approach. That is, the alignment film is formed on the first substrate and rubbed perpendicularly to the alignment direction of the first substrate to distort the liquid crystal molecules from the first substrate to the second substrate by 90 °. At this time, it is preferable that the polarization axis of the polarizer attached to the second substrate coincide with the rubbing direction of the alignment film of the second substrate, and the polarization axis of the polarizer attached to the first substrate is perpendicular or parallel thereto.

As another example, a chiral nematic liquid crystal may be selected as the encapsulating liquid crystal material. At this time, when the pitch of the liquid crystal material is 80 ° to 100 °, preferably 90 °, the same effect as that in the case where the alignment directions of both substrates are made vertical can be obtained.

As described above, the liquid crystal display of the planar driving method according to the present invention has the effect of effectively shielding the electric field from the data line and increasing the aperture ratio while securing a wide viewing angle which is an advantage of the conventional planar driving method.

Claims (29)

A substrate, a common electrode applied with a common voltage, and formed vertically, a gate line separated from the common electrode and formed horizontally, and a gate insulating layer covering an entire surface of the substrate on which the common electrode and the gate line are formed A pixel electrode vertically formed on the gate insulating layer between the common electrode, a data line formed along the common electrode on the gate insulating layer on the common electrode, and one terminal is connected to the gate line and the other And a terminal connected to the data line and one terminal connected to the pixel electrode. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the width of the data line does not exceed the width of the common electrode. The liquid crystal display substrate of claim 1, further comprising a storage electrode formed under the gate insulating layer below the pixel electrode along the pixel electrode and connected to the gate line. The substrate of claim 3, wherein the sustain electrode is made of a transparent conductive material. The substrate of claim 2, wherein the common electrode is made of a transparent conductive material. The liquid crystal display substrate of claim 1, wherein the gate line is made of chromium. A substrate, a plurality of common electrode lines formed horizontally on the substrate, a plurality of common electrodes formed vertically above and below the common electrode line as a branch of the common electrode line, and a plurality of vertically formed between the common electrodes A plurality of gate lines, the common electrode line, the common electrode, and the plurality of gate lines which are separated from the sustain electrode, the common electrode line, and the common electrode, and are formed horizontally between the upper and lower common electrode lines, and are electrically connected to the sustain electrode. A gate insulating layer covering the entire surface of the substrate on which the electrode and the gate line are formed, and vertically formed along the storage electrode on the gate insulating layer on the storage electrode, and formed at an intersection point of the gate line and the storage electrode. A plurality of pixel electrodes not provided, a gate over the common electrode A data line formed on the soft layer along the common electrode and not exceeding a width of the common electrode, a first terminal connected to the gate line, a second terminal connected to the data line, and a third terminal connected to the gate line A substrate for a liquid crystal display device connected to the pixel electrode above an electrode, and a fourth terminal including a two-channel transistor connected to the gate line and the pixel electrode below the sustain electrode. The substrate of claim 7, wherein the sustain electrode is made of a transparent conductive material. The substrate of claim 7, wherein the common electrode is made of a transparent conductive material. The liquid crystal display substrate of claim 7, wherein the gate line is made of chromium. The substrate of claim 7, wherein the data line is made of chromium. A transparent insulating substrate, a common electrode vertically formed under a common voltage, a gate line separated from the common electrode and formed horizontally, and covering the entire surface of the insulating substrate on which the common electrode and the gate line are formed; An insulating layer, a pixel electrode vertically formed on the gate insulating layer between the common electrode, a data line formed along the common electrode on the gate insulating layer on the common electrode, and one terminal connected to the gate line And a second terminal connected to the data line and the other terminal formed on the first substrate including a transistor connected to the pixel electrode, a transparent insulating substrate, and the insulating substrate, and having a horizontal orientation and rubbing in a predetermined direction. A second substrate comprising an alignment film, and the first group A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal material enclosed between a plate and a second substrate. The liquid crystal display of claim 12, further comprising a first polarizer attached to the first substrate and a second polarizer attached to the second substrate. The liquid crystal display of claim 13, wherein the liquid crystal material is a nematic liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal display of claim 14, wherein the rubbing direction of the alignment layer of the second substrate is the same as the length direction of the data line. The liquid crystal display of claim 15, wherein the first substrate further comprises an alignment film which is rubbed in the same direction as the rubbing direction of the alignment film of the second substrate. The liquid crystal display of claim 15, wherein the polarization axis of the second polarizer coincides with the rubbing direction of the alignment layer of the second substrate. The liquid crystal display of claim 17, wherein the polarization axes of the first and second polarizers are perpendicular to each other. The liquid crystal display of claim 17, wherein the polarization axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel to each other. The liquid crystal display of claim 15, wherein the first substrate further comprises an alignment layer formed on an entire surface thereof and subjected to a rubbing process perpendicular to a rubbing direction of the alignment layer of the second substrate. The liquid crystal display of claim 20, wherein a polarization axis of the second polarizer coincides with a rubbing direction of the alignment layer of the second substrate. The liquid crystal display of claim 21, wherein the polarization axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are perpendicular to each other. The liquid crystal display of claim 21, wherein polarization axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel to each other. The liquid crystal display of claim 13, wherein the liquid crystal material is a chiral nematic liquid crystal in an amount of dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal display of claim 24, wherein a pitch of the liquid crystal material is 80 ° to 90 °. The liquid crystal display of claim 25, wherein a rubbing direction of the alignment layer of the second substrate is perpendicular to a length direction of the data line. The liquid crystal display of claim 26, wherein a polarization axis of the second polarizer coincides with a rubbing direction of an alignment layer of the second substrate. The liquid crystal display of claim 27, wherein the polarization axes of the first and second polarizers are perpendicular to each other. 28. The liquid crystal display of claim 27, wherein the polarization axes of the first and second polarizers are parallel to each other.