JPS647521B2

JPS647521B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPS647521B2
Application number: JP58001121A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Toshikazu Hori; Nobuo Nakajima
Original assignee: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Current assignee: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority date: 1983-01-10
Filing date: 1983-01-10
Publication date: 1989-02-09
Also published as: JPS59126304A

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、小形かつ簡易な構成にして２周波数
帯共用の可能なマイクロストリツプアンテナに関
するものである。マイクロストリツプアンテナは、通常狭帯域の
特性を有しており、通信に用いる際に送受共用を
行うためには送受２周波数帯で使用可能とする必
要がある。従来の２周波数帯共用化を図つた例
を、第１図および第２図に示す。第１図は、共振
周波数の異なる放射素子を並置したものであり、
第２図は共振周波数の異なる放射素子を重ねたも
のである。第１図および第２図ａ，ｂにおいて、
１は受信用放射素子、２は送信用放射素子、３は
誘電体板、４は金属基板、５は給電ピン、７はコ
ネクタ、８はアースピン、９，９ａ，９ｂ，９ｃ
は1/4波長変成器である。第１図の場合、素子の占める面積は単一周波数
の場合に比べて２倍となり、これを多数用いてア
レーアンテナを構成するとき、素子配列が制限さ
れ、かつ給電回路も複雑となる欠点がある。また第２図ａ，ｂの場合、素子配列および給電
回路の複雑さについての問題はないが、素子の２
重化という設計上の難しさがあり、またマイクロ
ストリツプアンテナの特徴であるプリント基板１
枚から構成できるという利点を欠くこととなる。本発明は、これらの欠点を除去するため、送受
各周波数で共振する放射素子をスルーホールある
いはピンの列を境界として配置することにより２
周波数共用化を図つた２周波数帯用マイクロスト
リツプアンテナを提供するものである。以下本発明を詳細に説明する。第３図ａ，ｂは、方形マイクロストリツプアン
テナの基本モードの電界分布を示した平面図及び
断面図である。図中の３は誘電体板、４は金属基
板、５は給電ピン、６は金属板、７はコネクタ、
８はアースピンである。また、矢印は電界分布を
示す。ここで、Ｌは次式で与えられる。 The present invention relates to a microstrip antenna that has a small and simple configuration and can be used in two frequency bands. Microstrip antennas usually have narrow band characteristics, and in order to perform shared transmission and reception when used for communication, they must be usable in two frequency bands for transmission and reception. An example of conventional common use of two frequency bands is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows radiating elements with different resonance frequencies arranged side by side.
FIG. 2 shows a stack of radiating elements having different resonance frequencies. In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a, b,
1 is a receiving radiating element, 2 is a transmitting radiating element, 3 is a dielectric plate, 4 is a metal substrate, 5 is a power supply pin, 7 is a connector, 8 is a ground pin, 9, 9a, 9b, 9c
is a quarter wavelength transformer. In the case of Figure 1, the area occupied by the elements is twice that of a single frequency case, and when a large number of these elements are used to construct an array antenna, the element arrangement is limited and the feeding circuit is complicated. be. In the case of Fig. 2a and b, there is no problem with the complexity of the element arrangement and power supply circuit, but the
There is a design difficulty in that the antenna is heavy, and the printed circuit board 1, which is a feature of microstrip antennas, is difficult to design.
This results in the lack of the advantage that it can be constructed from just one sheet. In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention has two radiating elements that resonate at each transmitting and receiving frequency by arranging through holes or rows of pins as boundaries.
This invention provides a microstrip antenna for two frequency bands that allows frequency sharing. The present invention will be explained in detail below. FIGS. 3a and 3b are a plan view and a sectional view showing the electric field distribution of the fundamental mode of a rectangular microstrip antenna. In the figure, 3 is a dielectric plate, 4 is a metal board, 5 is a power supply pin, 6 is a metal plate, 7 is a connector,
8 is the ground pin. Further, arrows indicate electric field distribution. Here, L is given by the following equation.

【式】（基本モードの場合ｎ＝１）なお、Ｃは光速、は共振周波数、ε_rは比誘電
率を示す。基本モードの場合、アースピン８を含
む面−ａでの電界は零であり、−ａ面に
スルーホール列あるいはピンの列を設けることに
より、第４図ａ，ｂに示す構成においても同じ特
性が得られる。これは、−ａ面にアース面を
設けることによる影像効果を用いたものである。本発明は、この効果を用いたもので、第５図に
実施例を示し、ａは平面図、ｂは断面図である。
スルーホール列あるいはピン列を境界としてその
境界の一方と他方とで互いに異なる長さ約L₁／
２、L₂／２の方形素子を設けている。各素子は、
各々次に示す式で与えられる共振周波数で共振す
る。 [Formula] (n=1 in the case of fundamental mode) Note that C is the speed of light, is the resonance frequency, and ε _r is the relative dielectric constant. In the case of the fundamental mode, the electric field on the plane -a containing the ground pin 8 is zero, and by providing a through hole row or a pin row on the -a plane, the same characteristics can be obtained in the configurations shown in Figures 4a and b. can get. This uses an image effect by providing a ground plane on the -a plane. The present invention utilizes this effect, and an embodiment is shown in FIG. 5, in which a is a plan view and b is a sectional view.
With the through-hole row or pin row as the boundary, one side of the boundary and the other side have different lengths of approximately L ₁ /
2. L ₂ /2 square elements are provided. Each element is
Each resonates at a resonant frequency given by the following formula.

【式】（基本モードはｎ＝１）第３図と第５図の比較から明らかなように、ほ
ぼ同じ大きさで２周波数共用が実現可能である。なお、第５図ａ，ｂにおいては、各素子に給電
する場合について示したが、第６図ａ，ｂに示す
ように片方の素子にのみ給電し、素子間のピン列
を介した結合を利用して他方の素子を励振するこ
とも可能である。このとき結合係数はスルーホー
ル列あるいはピン列の間隔で決定される。第７図ａに第６図ａ，ｂの構造のアンテナの
VSWR特性の測定例を示す。第７図ａより明ら
かなように２周波数共振しているのがわかる。ま
た、第７図ｂに第６図ａ，ｂの構造のアンテナの
放射特性例を示す。Ａは715MHzの場合、Ｂは
910MHzの場合である。以上、方形マイクロストリツプアンテナの場合
について述べたが、円形等の他の形状においても
同様に構成可能である。第８図に円形マイクロス
トリツプアンテナを用いた場合の実施例を示す。
ここで、ａは平面図、ｂは断面図である。スルー
ホール列あるいはピン列を境界としてその境界の
一方と他方とで互いに異なる半径R₁，R₂の半円
形素子を設けている。各素子は各々次に示す式で
与えられる共振周波数で共振する。[Equation] (Fundamental mode: n=1) As is clear from a comparison between FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, it is possible to realize two frequencies with approximately the same size. Although Figures 5a and 5b show the case where power is supplied to each element, as shown in Figure 6a and b, it is possible to supply power to only one element and connect the elements via a pin row. It is also possible to use this to excite the other element. At this time, the coupling coefficient is determined by the spacing between the through hole rows or pin rows. Figure 7a shows the antenna with the structure shown in Figures 6a and b.
An example of measuring VSWR characteristics is shown. As is clear from FIG. 7a, it can be seen that there is resonance at two frequencies. Further, FIG. 7b shows an example of the radiation characteristics of the antenna having the structure shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b. If A is 715MHz, B is
This is the case of 910MHz. Although the case of a rectangular microstrip antenna has been described above, other shapes such as a circular shape can be similarly constructed. FIG. 8 shows an embodiment using a circular microstrip antenna.
Here, a is a plan view and b is a sectional view. Semicircular elements are provided with radii R ₁ and R ₂ that are different from each other on one side of the boundary and the other side of the through hole row or pin row as a boundary. Each element resonates at a resonant frequency given by the following equation.

【式】（基本モードの場合）【formula】 (For basic mode)

【式】以上説明したように、本発明に従つて影像効果
を用いて共振周波数の異なる放射素子をスルーホ
ール列あるいはピン列を介して配置することによ
り、小形かつ簡易な構成で２周波数共用化を図れ
る。これにより、多数の素子を配列したアレーア
ンテナの構成が簡単になり、低価格化が図れる利
点がある。[Formula] As explained above, according to the present invention, by using the image effect and arranging radiating elements with different resonance frequencies via a through-hole row or a pin row, two frequencies can be shared with a small and simple configuration. can be achieved. This simplifies the configuration of an array antenna in which a large number of elements are arranged, and has the advantage of reducing costs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は従来の２周波数帯共用化を図つた例を
示す断面図、第２図ａ，ｂは従来の２周波数帯共
用化を図つた他の例を示す平面図及び断面図、第
３図ａ，ｂは方形マイクロストリツプアンテナの
基本モードの電界分布を示す平面図及び断面図、
第４図ａ，ｂは影像効果を用いて簡易化を図つた
アンテナの例を示す平面図及び断面図、第５図
ａ，ｂは本発明の一実施例を示す平面図及び断面
図、第６図ａ，ｂは本発明の他の実施例を示す平
面図及び断面図、第７図ａ，ｂは第６図ａ，ｂの
構造のアンテナのVSWR特性例図及び放射指向
特性例図、第８図ａ，ｂは本発明の他の実施例を
示す平面図及び断面図である。１……受信用放射素子、２……送信用放射素
子、３……誘電体板、４……金属基板、５……給
電ピン、６……金属板、７……コネクタ、８……
アースピン（スルーホール）、９……1/4波長変成
器。 Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of conventional dual frequency band sharing, Fig. 2 a and b are a plan view and cross-sectional view showing another example of conventional two frequency band sharing, and Fig. 3 Figures a and b are a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing the electric field distribution of the fundamental mode of a rectangular microstrip antenna.
4a and 4b are a plan view and a sectional view showing an example of an antenna simplified using an image effect, and FIGS. 5a and 5b are a plan view and a sectional view showing an example of the present invention. 6a and 6b are plan views and cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the present invention; FIGS. 7a and 7b are VSWR characteristics and radiation directivity characteristics of the antenna having the structure shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b; FIGS. 8a and 8b are a plan view and a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Radiating element for reception, 2...Radiating element for transmission, 3...Dielectric plate, 4...Metal board, 5...Power supply pin, 6...Metal plate, 7...Connector, 8...
Earth pin (through hole), 9...1/4 wavelength transformer.

Claims

[Scope of Claims] 1. A dielectric plate, a metal substrate placed on one side of the dielectric plate, a metal plate placed on the other side of the dielectric plate, and through-hole rows or pin rows connecting the metal substrate and the metal plate, respectively arranged on both sides of the dielectric plate;
a power supply pin that supplies power from the metal substrate side to the metal plate via the dielectric plate, and the metal plate has a size between one of the boundaries and the other with the through hole row or the pin row as a boundary. A microstrip for dual frequency bands, characterized in that it is formed integrally so as to have the same type of shape with different values, so that it becomes two radiating elements with different resonance frequencies due to an image effect. antenna. 2. Two frequency bands shared according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal plate has a rectangular shape and is divided by the through hole rows or pin rows so that the areas thereof are different from each other. Microstrip antenna. 3. The two frequency bands according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the metal plate is two semicircles with different radii, and the two frequency bands are adjacent to each other with the through hole row or pin row as a boundary. Shared microstrip antenna.