JPS642187B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS642187B2 JPS642187B2 JP61018980A JP1898086A JPS642187B2 JP S642187 B2 JPS642187 B2 JP S642187B2 JP 61018980 A JP61018980 A JP 61018980A JP 1898086 A JP1898086 A JP 1898086A JP S642187 B2 JPS642187 B2 JP S642187B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sprayed
- laser beam
- wire
- mirror
- thermal spraying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、レーザを利用した素材表面の高機能
化を行う溶射方法に関する。本溶射方法は、金属
線を溶射材として用い、素材表面に金属又はその
化合物若しくはそれらの混合物を溶射することが
できる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a thermal spraying method that uses a laser to improve the functionality of a material surface. In this thermal spraying method, a metal wire is used as a thermal spraying material, and a metal, a compound thereof, or a mixture thereof can be thermally sprayed onto the surface of a material.
［従来の技術］
近年、材料開発は、機能性を求めた新素材開発
の傾向にある。その対象は広範囲であるが、金
属、高分子、セラミツクスが主流を占める。一
方、加工技術の方面では、省資源の立場から、素
材の表面のみを加工し、高性能化並びに機能性を
持たせる表面（処理）加工技術が重要視されてい
る。溶射技術は各種表面（処理）加工技術の中で
も、最も簡便な方法として、近年注目されてい
る。今までに、ガス溶射法、プラズマ溶射法、線
爆溶射法等種々の溶射法が開発され、実用化に向
けて研究がなされている。しかし、いずれの方法
においても、それぞれ適用される溶射材料は限定
されており、しかも溶射材の微粒子化及び溶射材
の高温化に限度があるために溶射膜と被溶射物と
の間の密着度の信頼性の面では十分とはいえず、
この簡便かつ信頼性のある密着度を得る溶射方法
の開発は今後の重要な研究課題である。[Prior Art] In recent years, there has been a trend in material development toward developing new materials that seek functionality. The targets are wide-ranging, but metals, polymers, and ceramics dominate. On the other hand, in the field of processing technology, from the standpoint of resource conservation, emphasis is placed on surface (treatment) processing technology that processes only the surface of the material to improve performance and functionality. Thermal spraying technology has been attracting attention in recent years as the simplest method among various surface (treatment) processing technologies. Up to now, various thermal spraying methods such as gas thermal spraying, plasma thermal spraying, and wire bombardment spraying have been developed, and research is being conducted toward their practical application. However, in either method, the thermal spraying materials that can be applied are limited, and there are limits to the fine particles of the thermal spraying material and the high temperature of the thermal spraying material, so the adhesion between the thermal spraying film and the object to be thermally sprayed is limited. It cannot be said that the reliability of
The development of a thermal spraying method that achieves this simple and reliable adhesion is an important future research topic.
［本発明の目的］
本発明は、かかる実情に鑑みなされたものであ
り、その目的とするところは、信頼性のある密着
度を持つ溶射膜を簡便に製作し得る実用的に優れ
た溶射方法を提供することにある。[Object of the present invention] The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a practically excellent thermal spraying method that can easily produce a thermal sprayed film with reliable adhesion. Our goal is to provide the following.
［発明の構成］
この目的を達成するために本発明者等は密着度
の優れた溶射膜を得るのに適した溶射方法及び溶
射装置について鋭意研究を重ねた結果、溶射条件
のうち最も重要である溶射材の高温化が、高エネ
ルギ密度ビームであるレーザ光線を用いることに
より可能であり、かつ、その雰囲気を調整するこ
とにより、レーザで高温に活性化された金属を非
金属化することも可能であることを見出し、この
知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至つた。即
ち、本発明の要旨は、金属線（ワイヤ）がミラー
の穴を通してレーザ光線の収れん部に向けて連続
送給される間に、レーザ光線によつて加熱され、
レーザ光線の収れん部に達したときにワイヤ先端
が最高温度に達して溶融し、生成する溶融金属
を、各種ガスを用いて粒子状にして被溶射物に向
けて吹きとばし、又は金属成分とガスとを反応さ
せながら被溶射物に向けて吹きとばし、ミラーで
反射させたレーザ光線によつて加熱された被溶射
物表面に、各種成分の溶射膜を得る、レーザによ
る溶射法に関する。[Structure of the Invention] In order to achieve this objective, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive research on thermal spraying methods and thermal spraying equipment suitable for obtaining thermal sprayed films with excellent adhesion, and have determined the most important thermal spraying conditions. It is possible to raise the temperature of a certain thermal spray material by using a laser beam, which is a high-energy density beam, and by adjusting the atmosphere, it is also possible to turn a metal activated to a high temperature by the laser into a non-metallic material. We have found that this is possible, and have completed the present invention based on this knowledge. That is, the gist of the present invention is that the metal wire is heated by the laser beam while being continuously fed through the hole of the mirror toward the convergence part of the laser beam,
When the laser beam reaches the convergence point, the tip of the wire reaches the maximum temperature and melts, and the resulting molten metal is made into particles using various gases and blown away toward the object to be sprayed, or the metal components and gas The present invention relates to a thermal spraying method using a laser, in which a sprayed film of various components is obtained on the surface of the object, which is heated by a laser beam reflected by a mirror and blown toward the object while reacting with the object.
［発明の明細］
第１図は、本発明のレーザ溶射法の実施例の概
略図である。この図面によつて、本方法を詳述す
る。[Details of the Invention] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the laser spraying method of the present invention. This drawing explains the method in detail.
レーザ発生装置から導かれたレーザ光線を集
光レンズで収れんさせ、高エネルギ密度のレー
ザ光線の収れん部を得る。これをはさんでレン
ズと反対側にミラーを設置する。ミラーの一部
に穴を設け、この穴から金属線（ワイヤ）を
上記収れん部に向けて連続的に送給する。ワイヤ
は、レーザ光線の低エネルギ密度部から高エネル
ギ密度の上記収れん部へ移動する間に、レーザ
光線によつて加熱され、ワイヤ先端部が、上記収
れん部に至つたとき、ワイヤ先端部は最高温度に
達し溶融する。溶融金属は、上記収れん部の近
傍に設けたガスノズルから送給されるガスに
よつて微粒子状にされて吹きとばされ、飛行粒子
となつてガス流によつて、被溶射物に向けて
運ばれてこれに衝突する。上記ミラーによつて反
射されたレーザ光線が被溶射物の表面を加熱
するために、これに衝突した飛行粒子は、被溶
射物に強く密着し、被溶射物表面の溶射膜を形
成する。図は被溶射物を矢印の方向へ移動した場
合の例であり、また、ミラーとしてパラボラミラ
ーを用い、これで反射されたレーザ光線が、飛
行粒子と被溶射物の衝突する付近を照射して
いる場合を示している。照射位置は、溶射をする
時の条件によつて被溶射物の予熱または、溶射膜
の再加熱等に使用できるよう調整することがで
き、照射するエネルギ密度を、レーザ光線の強
度及び被溶射物の位置を変えることによつて調
整することも可能である。 A laser beam guided from a laser generator is converged by a condensing lens to obtain a convergent portion of the laser beam with high energy density. Place a mirror on the opposite side of the lens across this. A hole is provided in a part of the mirror, and a metal wire is continuously fed through the hole toward the convergence section. The wire is heated by the laser beam while moving from the low energy density part of the laser beam to the high energy density convergence part, and when the wire tip reaches the said convergence part, the wire tip reaches the highest point. It reaches the temperature and melts. The molten metal is made into fine particles and blown away by the gas supplied from the gas nozzle installed near the convergence section, and the flying particles are carried towards the object to be sprayed by the gas flow. He is found out and collides with this. Since the laser beam reflected by the mirror heats the surface of the object to be thermally sprayed, the flying particles that collide with the laser beam strongly adhere to the object to be thermally sprayed, forming a sprayed film on the surface of the object to be thermally sprayed. The figure shows an example in which the object to be sprayed is moved in the direction of the arrow, and a parabolic mirror is used as a mirror, and the laser beam reflected by it irradiates the area where the flying particles and the object to be sprayed collide. Indicates when there is. The irradiation position can be adjusted depending on the conditions at the time of thermal spraying so that it can be used for preheating the object to be sprayed or reheating the sprayed film.The irradiation energy density can be adjusted depending on the intensity of the laser beam and the object to be thermally sprayed. Adjustment can also be made by changing the position of.
ガスノズルは、他の部分と独立しているた
め、いかなる仕様のものでも選択できる。従つ
て、飛行粒子の速度と方向を任意に決めること
ができる。 Since the gas nozzle is independent from other parts, any specification can be selected. Therefore, the speed and direction of the flying particles can be arbitrarily determined.
使用するガスは、アルゴン等の不活性ガス、
酸素、窒素、炭化水素等の反応性ガス又はそれら
の混合ガス等を任意に選ぶことができるので、溶
融金属及び飛行粒子を、ガスと反応させずに又は
反応させながら溶射を行うことができる。従つ
て、金属線（ワイヤ）を用いて、得られる溶射膜
は、金属及び非金属又はそれらの混合物となり、
既存の技術では実現不可能な溶射膜を簡便に得る
ことができる。 The gas used is inert gas such as argon,
Since reactive gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrocarbons, or mixed gases thereof can be arbitrarily selected, thermal spraying can be performed without or while reacting the molten metal and flying particles with the gas. Therefore, the sprayed film obtained by using a metal wire is a metal and a non-metal, or a mixture thereof.
It is possible to easily obtain a thermally sprayed film that cannot be achieved using existing techniques.
［発明の実施例］
第２図は、板厚４mmの軟鋼板表面に形成された
溶射膜の断面組織を示す一例で、同図ａはチタン
ワイヤとアルゴンによつて、純チタンの溶射膜を
得た例であり、同図ｂは、チタンワイヤと窒素に
よつて、窒化チタンの溶射膜を得た例である。ブ
ローホールのない良質な溶射膜であることが明ら
かである。その他の溶射条件は、以下の通りであ
る。[Embodiments of the Invention] Figure 2 shows an example of the cross-sectional structure of a sprayed film formed on the surface of a mild steel plate with a thickness of 4 mm. Figure b shows an example in which a titanium nitride sprayed film was obtained using a titanium wire and nitrogen. It is clear that this is a high quality sprayed film with no blowholes. Other thermal spraying conditions are as follows.
溶射条件
CO2レーザ出力： 4kw
KClレンズ焦点距離：300mm
ミラー：銅製平板
ミラーで反射されたレーザ光線による被溶射物
表面の照射位置：第１図に同じ
ガスノズル直径： 8mm
ガス元圧： 6Kg／cm2
ワイヤ：直径0.9mmの溶接用純チタン線
ワイヤ送り速度： 2ｍ／min
レーザ光線の収れん部と被溶射物間の距離：
300mm
被溶射物の移動速度：50mm／min
ガス流と被溶射物とのなす角度：90度（垂直）
［発明の効果］
前述のとおり、本発明のレーザ溶射法によれ
ば、各種素材の金属線（ワイヤ）及び各種ガスを
用いて、高強度の密着力と従来の溶射法では不可
能な、多様な機能を有する溶射膜を簡便に得るこ
とができる。Thermal spraying conditions CO 2 laser output: 4kw KCl lens focal length: 300mm Mirror: Irradiation position of the surface of the object to be sprayed by the laser beam reflected by the copper flat mirror: Same as Figure 1 Gas nozzle diameter: 8mm Gas source pressure: 6Kg/cm 2 wires: Pure titanium wire for welding with a diameter of 0.9 mm Wire feed speed: 2 m/min Distance between the convergence part of the laser beam and the object to be sprayed:
300mm Moving speed of the object to be sprayed: 50mm/min Angle between the gas flow and the object to be sprayed: 90 degrees (vertical) [Effects of the invention] As mentioned above, according to the laser spraying method of the present invention, metals of various materials can be By using wires and various gases, it is possible to easily obtain thermal sprayed films that have high adhesive strength and various functions that are not possible with conventional thermal spraying methods.
第１図は、本発明のレーザ溶射法についての概
略説明図である。図面において、はレーザ光
線、は集光レンズ、はレーザ光線の収れん
部、はミラー、はミラーに設けた金属線（ワ
イヤ）送り用の穴、は金属線（ワイヤ）、は
ガスノズル、はガス、は被溶射物、は飛行
粒子、はガス流、は溶射膜、はミラーで反
射されたレーザ光線、の矢印は被溶射物の移動
方向を示す。第２図は、軟鋼板上に得た溶射膜の
断面組織を示す。同図ａは、純チタンの溶射膜と
被溶射物との境界部を、同図ｂは、窒化チタンの
溶射膜と被溶射物との境界部を示す。
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of the laser spraying method of the present invention. In the drawings, is the laser beam, is the condensing lens, is the converging part of the laser beam, is the mirror, is the hole for feeding the metal wire (wire) in the mirror, is the metal wire (wire), is the gas nozzle, is the gas, is the object to be sprayed, is the flying particle, is the gas flow, is the sprayed film, is the laser beam reflected by the mirror, and the arrow indicates the direction of movement of the object to be sprayed. FIG. 2 shows the cross-sectional structure of the sprayed film obtained on the mild steel plate. Figure a shows the boundary between the pure titanium sprayed film and the object to be sprayed, and Figure b shows the boundary between the titanium nitride sprayed film and the object to be sprayed.
Claims (1)
を設置し、ミラーに設けた穴から金属線（ワイ
ヤ）をレンズの焦点方向に送給するとともに、焦
点を通つて被溶射物の方向へガスを流すためのノ
ズルを設けた装置により、集光レンズで収れんさ
せたレーザ光線の高エネルギ密度部に金属線（ワ
イヤ）を送給して加熱・溶融させ、ノズルから吹
き出すガスによつて溶融金属を微粒子状にして吹
きとばし、被溶射物表面に溶射膜を得ることを特
徴とするレーザ溶射方法。 ２ 上記ガスとして、アルゴン等の非反応性ガス
又は酸素、窒素、アンモニア、炭化水素等の反応
性ガス若しくはそれ等の混合ガスを用い、上記金
属の溶射膜又は上記金属の成分の酸化物、窒化
物、炭化物等の溶射膜若しくは、上記金属線の成
分とその化合物の混合した組成を有する溶射膜を
得ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載
のレーザ溶射方法。 ３ 上記ミラーで反射したレーザ光線を被溶射物
に向けて反射させ、被溶射物表面のレーザ光線の
エネルギ密度を変化させることによつて被溶射物
表面の加熱状態を制御しつつ溶射することを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載のレーザ溶射方
法。[Claims] 1. A mirror is installed on the optical axis near the focal point of the condensing lens, and a metal wire (wire) is fed through the hole provided in the mirror in the direction of the focal point of the lens, and the wire is passed through the focal point. Using a device equipped with a nozzle to flow gas toward the object to be sprayed, a metal wire is fed to the high-energy density part of the laser beam converged by a condensing lens, heated and melted, and then released from the nozzle. A laser thermal spraying method characterized by blowing molten metal into fine particles with a blown gas to form a sprayed film on the surface of an object to be thermally sprayed. 2 As the above gas, a non-reactive gas such as argon, a reactive gas such as oxygen, nitrogen, ammonia, hydrocarbons, or a mixture thereof is used to form a thermally sprayed film of the above metal or an oxide or nitride of the component of the above metal. 2. The laser spraying method according to claim 1, wherein a sprayed film is obtained having a composition of a metal wire, a carbide, etc., or a mixture of the components of the metal wire and a compound thereof. 3 The laser beam reflected by the mirror is reflected toward the object to be thermally sprayed, and the energy density of the laser beam on the surface of the object to be thermally sprayed is changed, thereby controlling the heating state of the surface of the object to be thermally sprayed. A laser thermal spraying method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61018980A JPS62177166A (en) | 1986-01-30 | 1986-01-30 | Laser beam thermal spraying method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61018980A JPS62177166A (en) | 1986-01-30 | 1986-01-30 | Laser beam thermal spraying method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62177166A JPS62177166A (en) | 1987-08-04 |
| JPS642187B2 true JPS642187B2 (en) | 1989-01-13 |
Family
ID=11986760
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61018980A Granted JPS62177166A (en) | 1986-01-30 | 1986-01-30 | Laser beam thermal spraying method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62177166A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0621335B2 (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1994-03-23 | 工業技術院長 | Laser spraying method |
| US4958058A (en) * | 1989-02-08 | 1990-09-18 | General Electric Company | Transverse flow laser spray nozzle |
| JPH05271898A (en) * | 1992-02-17 | 1993-10-19 | Ind Technol Res Inst | Surface treatment method of injection screw in injection molding machine |
| US5814152A (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 1998-09-29 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Apparatus for coating a substrate |
| US5612099A (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 1997-03-18 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Method and apparatus for coating a substrate |
| US5993549A (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 1999-11-30 | Deutsche Forschungsanstalt Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. | Powder coating apparatus |
| US6251488B1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2001-06-26 | Optomec Design Company | Precision spray processes for direct write electronic components |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61163258A (en) * | 1985-01-11 | 1986-07-23 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | Laser thermal spraying method |
-
1986
- 1986-01-30 JP JP61018980A patent/JPS62177166A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62177166A (en) | 1987-08-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |