JPS6388691A - Portable medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain massproduction and safety by initializing a nonvolatile memory with the aid of instruction groups required for initialization at the time of initialization and insuring the instruction groups against being accepted after a flag showing the completion of initialization is set up in the nonvolatile memory. CONSTITUTION:When initialization is done or an IC card that has been initialized is used, transactions are made after the state of the flag in the flag area 7c of a data memory 7 is checked. If the transaction is the initialization instruction, a judgement is made from the state of the flag whether initialization is completed or not. If so, the initialization instruction is not accepted as an instruction error. If initialization is not completed, the initialization instruction is executed. If the accepted instruction does not instruct initialization, a judgement is made in a next step whether initialization is completed or not. If so, instructions are executed by recognizing that a correct instruction is accepted. If initialization is not completed, the instruction that is accepted as an instruction error is not executed. Thus massproduction is attainable, and safety is enhanced.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an IC chip equipped with a CPU, data memory, etc.
The present invention relates to a portable medium such as an IC card having a built-in f.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems] In recent years, xC cards have been developed and put into practical use as memory cards for recording data. This IC card has
It has a built-in CPU, mask ROM for program storage, non-volatile memory for data storage, etc. The device is characterized in that by receiving a plurality of types of commands, data is loaded into a non-volatile memory for data storage, and data is successively outputted from the non-volatile memory.

However, the types of card commands have changed depending on the customer, and the password area allocated to the non-volatile memory for data storage has changed.
The location and size of data areas, etc. often differ depending on the customer. In this way, if data that differs depending on the customer is written in advance into the mask ROM for program storage, a different card must be manufactured for each customer, which complicates the manufacturing process and is not suitable for large-scale production. There is.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, it would be best to leave the non-volatile memory (or dedicated non-volatile memory) for data storage unwritten when manufacturing IC cards, and then write various data during initialization. , During this initialization, the non-volatile memory must be made directly accessible by the address of this memory. However, if non-volatile memory can be directly accessed after an IC card is issued, there is a risk that the contents of the IC card (PIN number, etc.) may be known to others, and the security of the IC card may be compromised. .

[Object of the invention] This invention was made in view of the above circumstances,
The purpose is to provide a highly secure portable medium that can be mass-produced.

[Summary of the Invention] In other words, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes at least one non-volatile memory and controlling reading or writing of data from the non-volatile memory using a plurality of types of instructions. A group of instructions for directly accessing the contents of the non-volatile memory using an address of this memory during initialization, and an instruction for accessing the contents of the non-volatile memory using an indirect address after initialization, in a portable medium having a control element. At the time of initialization, initialization is performed using a group of instructions at the time of initialization, and when the initialization is completed, a flag indicating that the initialization has been completed is set in the non-volatile memory, and after setting this flag, the initialization is performed. The command group at the time of conversion is not accepted.

[Embodiment of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes an IC card as a portable medium, and the surface of this IC card 1 is provided with a connecting section 2 for interfacing with external equipment. The connecting section 2 is composed of a plurality of terminals 21 to 2. For example, the terminal 21 is connected to an operating power supply voltage (+5
Terminal 2 is for grounding, terminal 2s is for black signal, terminal 24 is for reset signal, terminals 2s to 2γ are for data and output, terminal 28 is for data writing power supply voltage (+
21V).

Inside the IC card 1, as shown in FIG. 1, a control CPU 3 is provided, and this CPU 3 and external equipment are connected via an interface circuit 4. The connection section 2 is used to connect the interface circuit 4 and external equipment.

The CPU 3 has a mask ROM for program storage.
5. A RAM 6 used as a work area and a non-volatile memory (data memory) 7 for storing data are connected. Each of the above parts is composed of an IC chip.A
, are provided on one substrate.

When the card is manufactured, all artificial programs and subsequent transaction programs are stored in the mask ROM 5 in advance 71. 9. The above data memory (FROM)
)7 stores all commands as shown in FIG. 2(,). Then, by selecting the above command and setting a flag when initializing the IC card, specifications are set according to the customer. In Figure 2 (-) commands 2 and 4
is selected. The data memory 7 includes a command area 7m where the commands shown in FIG. 2(a) are stored, and a command area 7m where transaction data is stored, as shown in FIG.
It has a data area 7b and an initialization flag area 7c. When initialization is completed, seven lags are set in this initialization flag area 7c, and instructions after initialization are executed based on the state of this flag.

FIG. 5 shows the external appearance of an IC card 1 issuing machine (for initialization) IQ as a terminal according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 shows its circuit configuration. In the figure, 1) is issuing machine 1
0 is a CPU (Septuntral Grossing Unit) that controls the entire system, 12 is a keypad for inputting data,
13 is a CRT display device, 14 is a ROM in which a control program is stored, and 15 is a RAM in which data is stored.

16 is a dot printer that prints various data; 17 is a floppy disk device that stores and reproduces data on a 7o Wabby disk 19 inserted from the floppy disk insertion slot 18; and 20 is an IC inserted from the card insertion slot 21. This IC card reading and reading section 20 reads data from the data memory 7 of the card 1 or writes data into this data memory 7. It is connected to the main body of the computer by a cable 22.

FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional configuration of the IC card reading insert 20. As shown in FIG. This IC card reading/writing unit zoKVi is provided with a transport path 31 for transporting the IC card 1 inserted from the card insertion slot 21. A plurality of rotatable transport rows 232 are provided, which are positioned so as to sandwich them from above and below. The conveyance rollers 32 provided in pairs are arranged at equal intervals along the conveyance path 31. The distance from the center of each of these transport rollers 32 to the center of an adjacent transport roller 32 has a width in the card transport direction. Therefore, the transport path 31 of the IC card 1 is defined by the transport guide 33. Also, on the conveyance guide 33 is a reader/writer 3 that exchanges data with the CPU 3 in the IC card 1.
4 is placed in 9. The reader/writer 3 is electrically connected to the connector 2 of the IC card 1.

Next, initialization of the IC card 1 in the above configuration will be explained. The operator sets the ↓JIC card initialization mode on the keyboard J2 of the IC card issuing machine 10, and inserts the IC card 1 into the card insertion slot 21. This electrically connects the connector 2 of the IC card 1 and the reader/writer 34. In this state, CP
When the IC card initialization mode signal and the signal indicating the issuing machine are supplied from the U I 1 to the CPU 3 of the IC card 1 via the reader/writer 34, the connector 2, and the interface circuit 4, the CPU 3 is CPU I
Supply a connection signal to J. By this, CPU l 1
For example, the CRT 7' display device 13 provides guidance such as "Please select initialization data." In response to this guidance, the operator selects a command previously stored in the data memory 7 of the IC card 1 using the intermediate speed control 12. With this selection p CpU Z J to CPU 3
When a signal is supplied to n, 7 lags are set in the data memory 7 at the address corresponding to the selected command. As a result, the IC card 1 is set to the customer's specifications. At this time, C.P.
Under the control of U3, 7 lags are set in the initialization flag area 7c of the data memory 7, and the initialization is completed.

At the time of the above-mentioned initialization or when using the IC card after initialization, the above-mentioned flag area 7C is used as described above.
The transaction is performed after checking the state of the flag. That is,
As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, when a wash command is accepted, it is determined whether it is an initialization command or not.If it is an initialization command, the state of the 7 lag in the initialization flag area 7c indicates whether the initialization has been completed. The judgment is whether or not. If the initialization is completed, the command will not be accepted as a command error. Further, if the initialization is not completed, an initialization instruction is executed. On the other hand, if the received command is not an initialization command, it is determined in the next step whether initialization has been completed. Here, if it is determined that the initialization has been completed, the correct instruction is assumed to have been accepted and the instruction is executed, and if the initialization is not completed, the accepted instruction is not executed as an instruction error. .

In this way, in the present invention, the commands at the time of initializing the IC card and the commands after the initialization of the XC card are divided into two command groups.
An initialization completion flag indicating the completion of initialization of the IC card is prepared in the data memory 7, and at the time of initialization, an initialization command is used to initialize the IC card for each customer, and after the initialization is completed, the IC card is initialized. A completion flag is set, and from then on only instructions after initialization are accepted. Therefore, IC cards can be manufactured without considering the customer's specifications, and each customer's
It is possible to write according to the IC card, and there is no risk that the contents of the data memory will be read out after the IC card is issued.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, a highly secure portable medium that can be mass-produced can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are for explaining one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of an electric circuit of an IC card, and FIG. 2 is for explaining the data memory in FIG. 1. Figure 3 is a 70-chart for explaining the operation when using an IC card, Figure 4 is an external perspective view of the IC card, Figure 5 is an external perspective view of the card issuing machine, and Figure 6 is a 70-chart for explaining the operation when using an IC card. A block diagram showing the schematic configuration of the electric circuit in the card issuing machine shown in FIG. 5 above, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the IC card reader/writer shown in the figure. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...IC card (portable medium), 2...Connection part, 3...CPU (controller element), 4...Interface circuit, 5...Mask ROM, 6...
RAM, 7...Data memory (non-volatile memory), 7
a2・Command area, 7b...Data area, 7c
...Initialization flag area. Applicant's Representative Patent Attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 1 (a) (b) Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 2''O Figure 7

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A portable medium comprising at least one non-volatile memory and a control element that controls reading of data or writing of data from the non-volatile memory according to a plurality of types of instructions, wherein the instruction is initialized. At times, the contents of the non-volatile memory are divided into a group of instructions that directly access the contents of this memory using addresses of this memory, and a group of instructions that access the contents of the non-volatile memory using indirect addresses after initialization. , and when the initialization is completed, a flag indicating that the initialization has been completed is set in the non-volatile memory, and after the flag is set, a group of instructions at the time of initialization is no longer accepted. possible medium. (2) The portable medium according to claim 1, wherein the control element is a CPU.