JPS63501518A - Devices that generate and utilize pressure differences - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] ・1 Method for achieving and equipment, as well as its talent and spirit. The invention relies on a tube having a certain shape through which a fluid medium, i.e. a liquid or gas, flows. This section deals with methods for generating pressure differences. Furthermore, the present invention provides a different technique of the present method. It consists not only of the surgical application but also of the equipment for properly carrying out the method.

The method according to the invention is based on the modification of a Venturi tube. This device has been around for almost 200 years. is caused by rotating a complex asymmetrical curve around an axis of symmetry. represents an object by its shape. This object will move in the longitudinal direction depending on the shape of the curve. It is a tube that narrows along the Venturi tube and then widens again. If the flow occurs, a reduced pressure (compared to the pressure at the inlet and outlet cross sections) will occur Therefore, the pressure difference is Bernoulli's law. reaches its maximum at the narrowest point of the tube.

Today, Venturi tubes are still used, for example, to store liquids along the tube or to empty containers. It can also be used as a water jet pump (Figure 2) in the carburetor of an internal combustion motor. It occupies an important practical position in gas cleaning equipment.

When using a Venturi tube as a measuring device, the pressure difference read at the measuring point is The disadvantage of being independent of flow rate in a simple and calculable manner becomes apparent. example the viscosity and density of the flow medium, the inlet and outlet pressure values, and the exact nozzle geometry. Many other factors, such as geometry, and wall surface roughness, are decisive for the result. from which a valid reference curve within narrow limits is practically a measurement operation. It follows that it must be created for business purposes. Unit with nozzle shape (Figure 3) Purification and standardization have made several improvements, allowing better reproducibility of measurement results. And so. However, the correlation between measured flow velocity and pressure difference cannot be standardized. However, it remains complicated.

If the inlet and outlet angles of a traditional venturi tube meet the following conditions: If it were replaced with a simple double cone like It has become clear that some surprising results are achieved which cannot be discussed.

F=(1+sinθ+)”・sin”θz　<0.11 Here, θ is the inlet core θ2 indicates the opening angle of the exit cone.

e.g. symmetrical shape, i.e. equal openings in both opposed hollow cone bodies A double cone as shown in FIG. 4 with corners provides easier hydrodynamic positioning. (better display and calculation of measured and calculated data within a wide range) It is very surprising that high efficiency was found, i.e. fluid At a given flow rate the medium has a higher pressure difference at the inlet cross-section and double cone. It was found between the narrowest parts. This efficiency depends not only on the opening angle of the two cone bodies. Although it depends to some extent on the length of the entrance and exit cones, it can be evaluated from the numerical value of the function F. obtain. The lower this value is below the limit of 0.11 as given above, the lower the Bullcorn efficiency increases. Please refer to Figure 4 where a double cone according to the invention is shown. For reference, the values of function F are shown for several selected configurations.

Table 1: F=(1+sinθ+)”・sin”θ2 Different populations and exit cones The “efficiency factor” of a double cone with an opening angle of

From Table 1, the value of the function F is more dependent on the angular size of the exit than the angular size of the inlet. It can be understood that much depends. As long as the exit angle is small enough, even relatively Good results can be obtained even with a wide range of entrance angles. On the other hand, inlet and outlet A symmetrical double cone with equal side opening angles and lengths has an opening angle of It can be used with good results as long as it does not exceed 10°. double cone efficiency For classification purposes, the following values may serve as a guide:

Function F<0.0035 extremely good 0.0035-0.0155 Very good 0.0155-0.0250 Good 0.0250-0.0500 Fairly 0.0500-0.1100 Just Sufficient>0.1100 Not enough An interesting property of the double cone according to the invention is that its effect is widespread within the system. It depends on the pressure applied. of the same geometrical conditions and the same liquid flow rate. Below, the pressure difference between the inlet cross section and the side socket at the point of the narrowest cross section is high Therefore, the total pressure prevailing in the system will also be higher. Flow resistance along the double cone The resistance changes in the same sense and begins to fall continuously as the pressure rises. child The behavior of is quite surprising, at least for incompressible liquids, and cannot be expected from academic theory.

■: Symmetrical double cone, total length 140+am Opening angle of inlet and outlet cone 6゜ Diameter at narrowest point: 1.941m Medium: 20℃ water Flow rate with a constant pressure difference of 0.600 bar: System pressure at the inlet Flow rate Amount: 1tr,/min.

1 bar 185 A further surprising effect of the double cone according to the invention is that at equal flow rates the inlet and the resulting pressure difference between the narrowest points is similar to that of a closed system with forced circulation. was found to be higher in open systems. This is flowing water The submerged double cone has the same flow rate as the same speed generated by the pump. This means that it generates a higher pressure difference than a single double cone.

Double cones, which are of very simple shape (Fig. 4), have an axis at their smaller base. It consists of two hollow cone bodies connected in the direction. both to yield good efficiency. The opening angle is selected such that the function F in Table 1 has a good value. Proper opening angle is between 1 and 15 degrees, and the diameter at each inlet and outlet and the double cone The ratio to the diameter at the narrowest point is a function of the length and opening angle of each cone body. The number is within the range of 1:1 to 1:200.

The narrowest width point is used to take advantage of the pressure difference created by the flow through the double cone. An outlet is required at the point, through which the negative pressure present at this location is exerted to the outside. can be born. A round aperture connected to a radial socket is suitable for such obtain. However, this arrangement does not allow for certain important flows to pass through the side openings to the main axial flow. If placed within the system, they suffer from certain asymmetries that can be detrimental.

For practical purposes, special designs have been developed that are useful for technical applications. especially , allowing lateral flow to enter symmetrically around the entire flow cross section at this location. child In the design (Figure 5), there is a gap at the point of the narrowest diameter, and there is a gap between the two middle diameter points. The smaller sides of the hollow cone body are spaced apart from each other and are spaced apart from each other. faced. At the same time, the two cone bodies surround the gap and the two cone bodies They are coaxially connected by a length of cylindrical tube that grips together. This cylindrical series The tube supports in its outer wall one or more openings with radial sockets.

If d denotes the minimum diameter of the two hollow cone bodies, then the double cone ori Optimum values for other dimensions within the area of the fiss can be:

Distance between the bases of two cones: h = 0.001...20d inside the hollow cylinder Side diameter: T = 1...100d Inner diameter of side socket: S = 0.0 The efficiency of the 01...10d double cone is determined by the special design shown in Figure 5a. It can further be shown that further improvements can be made. In this design double co The cone can be cut off at the end of one exit cone to create spacing on one side only. It is divided asymmetrically by With respect to the plane of symmetry of the hollow cylinders to be connected, the inlet The smaller base of the cone is shifted by a distance h/2 in the direction of counterflow. entrance The minimum diameter of the tube, d, is increased unchanged, Dt is the maximum diameter, and L is the exit Indicates the length of the cone.

The features of the invention and its possible technical applications do not imply an exhaustive list. This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18.

Figure 1: General shape of a Venturi tube in longitudinal section. Liquid medium is inlet cone (1) flows through the narrowest point (3) to the exit cone (2). The minimum pressure is Observed at the restriction part (3).

Figure 2: General shape of a water jet pump as an application of a venturi tube. water is nozzle It flows through the tube (4) towards the Venturi tube (5). air or other liquid medium At point (6) it is sucked in due to pressure reduction.

Figure 3: Standard sheet (norm 5sheet) ISO15 (1983) standard sheet Standardized shape of the tube. The medium is transferred from the cylindrical inlet tube (7) to the inlet cone (8 ), and the taper angle is approximately 21°. Cylindrical nozzle section with length equal to diameter (9) as well as the inlet pipe (7) have side openings (11). The flow medium has a conical outlet It is carried far by a tube (10), the opening angle of which lies between 7.5 and 15°.

Figure 4: Simplest basic with inlet cone (12) and outlet cone (13) A double cone according to the present invention which is in the shape of a double cone according to the present invention. Minimum pressure prevails in the restriction part (14) ing.

FIG. 5: An embodiment of the double cone according to claim 9, taken in longitudinal section.

The inlet cone (15) has a length, maximum diameter, and opening angle; (16) have length Lz, maximum diameter D2 and opening angle, and have the same diameter d The small bases of the two cone bodies are placed inside the cylindrical connecting tube (17). Inside This tube (17) with diameter T has a side socket (18) with inner diameter S .

Figure 5a: An improved version of the double cone according to claim 10.

The arrangement of the two hollow cone bodies is similar to that in Figure 5, but the arrangement of the two hollow cone bodies is The first transverse circle (15b) is moved upstream by a distance h/2 and the exit cone body (15b) is moved upstream by a distance h/2. 6a) is shortened by length h. The inlet cone body (15a) has the original minimum diameter d , = d, so what is the corresponding diameter of the exit cone (16a)? big, 6 to 18 show the technical application of a group of double cones according to the invention. too (but as shown, the application is similar to one of the shapes in Figures 5 and 5a). (, often symmetrical shapes are utilized for ease of design, in other words If so, it is a double cone, the inlet and outlet cones of which are formed with the same length and are the same. has an opening angle of one. The selection of applications presented is not exhaustive, but other possibilities are examples. can be easily obtained from

Figure 6: Use of the double cone according to the invention as a water jet pump. The application is one Consistent with that of a typical water jet pump, but with the advantages of the invention described above. .

The double cone is filled with a water jet (20) in the direction of the arrow. caused The closed container (22) is emptied via the conduit (21) by the lowering. released Air leaks along with water at the exit of the double cone.

Table 2 below shows the comparison of the double cone according to the present invention with a common water jet pump. Demonstrate performance.

Table 2: Performance ratio between double cone according to the invention and common water jet pump Comparison.

*) Water consumption: a) initially, b) after exhaust Double cone dimensions: symmetrical, opening Angle 6° Length 70m x 2 Nozzle width 2B Water jet pump: Nozzle width: 2 mm In comparable dimensions of both devices, 2 Double cone achieves better vacuum while consuming 5 to 35% less water be done. Note that the degree of vacuum achieved after 10 minutes is listed in the table. Actually enough After a period of time, the double cone propelled the ship to 1,720 m under a water pressure of only 200 mb. A vacuum degree of b is achieved, whereas a typical water jet pump achieves the same vacuum degree. A final vacuum of only 160 mm in water pressure can be achieved.

Figure 7: Use of the double cone according to the invention as a pressure pump.

Water passes through a double cone (24) and a closed pressure vessel (25) to a turbine (23). into the circuit.

At the side socket of the double cone, air is sucked into the upper part of the pressure vessel. are collected in.

Comparison with common water jet pumps again shows the superiority of the device of the present invention.

With dimensions comparable to those of Example 6 and a water pressure of 10100 O at the inlet of the pumping device. A final pressure of 10,001 nb is created in the pressure vessel by a typical jet pump. 5000mb as can be reached but is a multiple of the pressure used at the pump inlet A final pressure of 0.05% was achieved with the device of the present invention.

Figure 8: Simultaneous use of double cone as vacuum and pressure pump in a single circuit.

The turbine (26) causes water to pass through the double cone (27) and the pressure vessel (29). is fed into the circuit. The container (28) to be emptied is placed in the side socket of the double cone. connected to

As in the previous two examples 6 and 7, compared with a common water jet pump. Increased pump efficiency is achieved in both vacuum and pressure vessels.

Figure 9: Constant pressure increased from a low pressure vessel by a relatively low performance circulation pump. transfer of gas to a container. The gas is pumped through the double cone (31) by the circulation pump (30). ) and into a closed circuit through the pressure vessel (33) and back to the pump (30). be caught. Gas from the container (32) under low pressure is removed until pressure balance is achieved. sucked into the circuit.

Gas from a container (33) equipped with a pressure regulator (Pressostand) (P) is withdrawn as required and no use is made at the higher pressure of the container (33). You can be guided along the way. The extracted large amount of gas is automatically routed from the outside of the low-pressure vessel to the circuit. returned inside.

The device uses a low-performance circulation pump to store e.g. inert gases or gaseous media. It is passed through to extract from the container.

Figure 10: Aeration of channel flow by the double cone of the invention. double co The canal (35) is submerged at a predetermined depth in the waterway (34). through the double cone The outflow of flowing water creates a negative pressure at its narrowest point, thereby causing air (36) is sucked in from the surface and dispersed in the best bubble shape within the water outflow.

A relatively high pressure difference is generated by the double cone at moderate flow speeds of water. Therefore, the illustrated device is particularly suitable for aeration of waterways. double cone An exceptional property is that if the cone is submerged to great depths, it has low flow resistance and This creates a strong suction effect. Therefore, this device is especially suitable for deeper areas of waterways. Suitable.

Figure 11: Use of double cone for aeration of stagnant waters. stagnant water At some depth in the zone (37), a turbine is fed from a source (38) of electric current. (39) directs the flow of water toward a double cone installed at the same depth as the turbine. bring about The negative pressure created within the double cone causes air to be sucked in from the surface. and is best dispersed in the surrounding water.

Figure 12: Three other methods for aeration of stagnant waters with double cones Method.

Bart A consists of two double cogs fixed to a rotating hollow shaft shown in cross section. The horn (41) is shown.

The flow in the longitudinal direction of the double cone generated by the rotation passes through the hollow shaft. It is used to suck in air and disperse it into the surrounding water.

Part B consists of a double cone (42 ) is shown. Vertical flow is generated inside the double cone, which is connected to the hollow shaft It is used to draw air in through the pipe and disperse it into the surrounding water.

Finally, the bar) C is mounted on a hollow shaft that is moved horizontally back and forth. A vertical flow occurs within the double cone, indicating a bull cone (43), which sucks air. It is used to disperse it into the water surrounding the infiltration.

Figure 13: Device for the production of an aerosol by atomizing a liquid in a gas stream. Use double cone. Negative pressure in the double cone (45) causes air flow h (4 6), which causes the liquid (47) to be sucked through the side socket. is best dispersed within the exit cone and eventually exits the double cone as an aerosol. It leaks out.

Figure 14: Generated within the double cone by stages in the second double cone Amplification of pressure difference. In the channel flow (49), the first double cone (50) Mounted with longitudinal axis parallel to flow direction. The side socket (51) It is connected to the exit cone of a second double cone of smaller dimensions. This arrangement The drop generated in the socket (51) is amplified once more. amplified pressure The difference is used to pump water into the container (54) via the conduit (53).

In practical experiments, a length of 3 meters and a width of 90 mm at the narrowest point was determined. A first double cone with a diameter of Torr is mounted below the surface of the river and The speed was measured to be 2 meters per second. Its side sockets are 17 in length 0 mm and connected to a second double cone (52) with a minimum internal diameter of 5 mm.

The opening angle was 6° on both sides of the two double cones. first side socket Lowering of the water level gauge at (51) - 140 cm, water level gauge at the second side socket - 600 cm was measured, resulting in a drop of 25 liters per hour. Water could be pumped into the container (54). The drop in the water level gauge caused by the device - Dynamic flow pressure of water flowing at a speed of 2 m/see compared to 600 cm The force was at a water level of 20 centimeters.

Figure 15: Double cone according to the invention for removing salt from seawater by reverse osmosis Application of.

The seawater is pumped by the turbine (56) into the double cone (55), the pressure vessel (60) and the into the circuit through two molecular filters (58). The power of the turbine is a container The pressure within (60) is adjusted to be at least 55 bar. to this pressure The seawater part is forcibly passed through a molecular filter, and most of the salt is retained in the circuit. be concentrated on. Desalinated water can be withdrawn from the outlet (59). in the circuit Lost liquid is automatically replaced by fresh seawater through the inlet (57).

Concentrated brine can be withdrawn continuously or as required by valve (61). new seawater is allowed to enter the inlet (57) until the pressure balance is restored. into the circuit.

Wilmington Nemorse as a molecular filter (Nea+ours) is a registered trademark of DuPont. It is possible to use PERMASEP@) and they have aramid hollow fibers. 42”00 at the indicated pressure. It is possible to remove up to 98.5% of the salt from seawater containing 0 ppm of salt.

Figure 16: Schematic layout of a plant for extracting energy from waterway flow. water In the channel (62), a group of double cones (63) according to the invention Four of them are shown in the figure, and they should be mounted with their longitudinal axes parallel to the direction of flow. I get kicked. The side socket of each double cone is connected to a conduit (64).

Water is drawn from the river by a conduit (65) and passed through a suction conduit through a turbine (66). (64), from where it is returned to the river via a group of double cones.

The turbine (66) is driven by water circulation, the energy of which powers the generator (67). used to drive and ultimately be drawn out by electrical cables as shown in the figure. It will be done.

In this example, the double cone according to the invention captures the energy of a slow flowing waterway. It is useful for changing into a technically usable form. Under normal circumstances, this is a large This can be achieved through major technological investments, namely the construction of dams. In addition to high cost, The terrain modifications inherent in such projects are usually undesirable. Example 6.7. As shown in Figures 8 and 14, the double cone is suitable for moderate dynamics in slow-flowing channels. Allows pressure to be raised to a substantial degree. As a result, the −i-like configuration Turbines can be utilized with conventional energy yields. Has a flow velocity of 2m/sec A small double cone with a nozzle diameter of 9cm and an opening angle of 6° on both sides. Experiments have shown that an energy yield of 57% can already be obtained by It can be done. Even better yields can be expected with double cones of larger dimensions. Ru. The expenditure for constructing a plant like the one shown in Figure 16 is compared to constructing a dam. Very low. The double cone means that no matter how small the total available energy of the river is, Suitable for using fragments. As energy demands grow, more components are added. It would be possible to expand the plant at any time by adding more.

Figure 17: Plan where the turbine is fed by several reservoirs at different heights. Utilization of the double cone according to the present invention as a device for automatic control of a vehicle.

Three reservoirs (6B) located at different heights.

(69) and (70) are connected by three conduits (71), (72) and (73). It is connected to the main supply line of the bin (79). Double cone (74) and (7 5) is useful for controlling the outflow of the three reservoirs. highest reservoir (70) The conduit (73) from the The outlet of the pond (69) feeds into the side inlet of the same double cone. Furthermore, one A double cone (75) is placed at the inlet (71) from the reservoir (68). two The control effect of the double cone is that the water flow along the longitudinal axis of the first stage is The pressure difference caused by the different heights is compensated for by the suction effect on the It depends on the fact that. Water from systems under low pressure can flow into the main supply line. Ru.

On the other hand, the axial flow within the double cone is stopped by the side flow of water. As a result The two conduits (72) and (73) C in the double cone (74) are also Automatic adjustment of certain proportions of flow in two conduits connected to a double cone (75) It becomes tidy.

(80) shows a generator driven by a turbine (79).

(81) is the reservoir that collects the water that leaves the turbine after delivering the energy. . from reservoirs (70) and (69) to reservoir (68) when the turbine is shut down. Two check valves (77) and (78) are installed in the conduit (7) to prevent the flow of water in the conduit (7). 1) and (72).

Figure 18: Double cone as a control device already embodied in Example 17 above. Availability can be illustrated again in different ways.

The flow of liquid (82) is along the longitudinal axis of the double cone (84) in the direction of the outlet (83). flows in the opposite direction. A side flow of the same liquid ( 86) can be placed in the intermediate socket. Special hydrodynamic properties of double cone Therefore, moderate lateral drift causes amplified control in the direction opposite to the main axial flow. let In Figure 18, the two devices (85) and (87) are flowmeters; Their distinct dimensions imply a difference in flow dimensions for axial and lateral flow. be done. This example can be easily applied to gas flow control.

FIG.8 FIG.9 FIG. 77 FIG. 12 FIG. 73 FIG. 14 FIG. 15 (N q co FIG. 1B international search report -,--^-1-mPCT/CM 86100132ANNEX To i'H E INTERNATIONAL 5EARCHREPORT ONτha E european patent office is in no way 1 iable for these parts which are Merely given for the purposa ofin! o riation.

rR-A-337171None

Claims (21)

[Claims] 1. A double cone consists of two coaxial hollow cone trucks with their smaller faces facing each other. (hollow cone body), and the aperture angle on both sides is a straight line. condition, F=(1+sinθ1)2・sin2θ2<0.11, and is a fluid medium. The negative gauge pressure generated at the narrowest point is passed through the side connection socket. where θ1 indicates the opening angle of the inlet cone; θ2 indicates the opening angle of the exit cone A method for generating and utilizing a pressure difference characterized by: 2. The symmetrical double cone utilized consists of two similar cones coaxially opposed to each other. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a hollow cone trunk. 3. The fluid medium is moved axially through a fixed double cone. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 4. Double cone surrounded on all sides by fluid medium parallel to longitudinal axis moved relative to the medium either monotonically or alternately back and forth in a direction A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 5. The double cone is moved along a circular path, the longitudinal axis being tangent to the circle. 5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the method remains parallel to . 6. The double cone has its longitudinal axis oriented substantially parallel to the flow direction. placed in the flow medium such that it is filled with said medium and surrounded on all sides. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 7. Claims 1 to 6, wherein the fluid medium is a liquid. Any one of the methods. 8. Claims 1 to 6, wherein the fluid medium is a gas. Any one of the methods. 9. Connected by a coaxial hollow cylinder with radial connection sockets mounted on the outer wall surface and the smaller base of the two hollow cone trunks, both with diameter d, has a spacing h two hollow cone trunks coaxially opposed to each other such that they are opposed to each other at and the distance h between the two cone trunks is 0. Between O01 and 20d , the inner diameter T of the hollow cylinder is between 1 and 100d, and the inner diameter S of the side connection socket is between 0.001 and 10d (FIG. 5). Apparatus for carrying out the method according to any one of clauses 8 to 8. 10. Said double cone consists essentially of two hollow cone trunks with diameter d. The cross-sectional circle of is shifted axially by a distance h/2 in the upstream direction, and The opening angle is 1 and 15 degrees (d egree), the ratio of the minimum and maximum diameters both have between 1:1 and 1:200. It consists of two hollow cone trunks, and therefore the cone inside the connecting hollow cylinder. The free distance between the two smaller bases of the trunk is h and the entrance cone trunk The minimum diameter of the exit cone trunk is d1=d, and the minimum diameter of the exit cone trunk is d2=d+h・ ((D2-d1)/(L2+h)), where D2 is the maximum diameter and L2 is the exit Claim 1 characterized in that it is the length of the cone trunk (Fig. 5a). 9. The apparatus according to claim 9 for carrying out the method according to claim 8. . 11. A method of pumping a first fluid medium from an oven or closed system. the first fluid medium is sucked through the side connection socket of the double cone; The double cone is filled with a second medium, thereby creating a drop in the restricted area, The sucked first medium is transferred together with the second medium flowing in the axial direction within the double cone. Claims 1, 2, 3, and 7, characterized in that Use of the method according to any one of paragraphs 1 and 8. 12. A method of generating positive gauge pressure in a closed system, which The fluid medium is pumped through a double cone, a pressure vessel, and then into a pump. The additional fluid returns due to the negative gauge pressure generated in the double cone. Medium is sucked into the circuit, thereby increasing the amount of circulating medium (seventh, 8 and 9). Claims 1, 2, 3, 7, and Use of the method according to any one of paragraphs 8. 13. A method for aerating a stagnant body of water, the method being submerged in the body of water. Water is pumped axially through the double cone and air is pumped through the double cone The negative pressure generated within draws it into the side socket, whereby this air Claim 1, characterized in that it is finely dispersed and released into a water body (Fig. 11). , use of the method according to any one of paragraphs 2, 3 and 7. 14. A method for aerating stagnant water bodies, which is open at both ends. , the double cone submerged in the water body is either monotonous or alternating along its axis. The fluid is moved back and forth relative to the water, and the axial direction of the fluid inside the double cone is The negative gauge pressure generated by the directional movement sucks in air and directs it into the axial flow of water. Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that they are used to release (Fig. 12) Use of the method according to any one of paragraphs 4 and 5. 15. A method for aeration of a flow channel, the double cone being The line is parallel to the direction of the flow and is fixed and submerged in the water, making it possible to create a double cone. Air is sucked in by the side sockets and distributed into the water flow by the water flow passing through it. 7. Use of the method according to claim 6, characterized in that (FIG. 10) 16. A method of converting a liquid into a finely dispersed aerosol using a gas stream. Negative gauge where liquid is generated by gas flow inside double cone flowing axially The liquid is drawn through the side socket due to the pressure, which causes the liquid to be finely dispersed. A claim characterized in that it is released from the double cone in the form of an aerosol (Fig. 13). Use of the method according to either Clause 3 or Clause 8 of the Scope of Claim. 17. A method for generating an increased pressure difference in two or more steps, the method comprising: The side socket of the double cone of one is filled with the same fluid medium as the first. connected to the axial outlet opening of the bull cone, whereby the increased pressure difference is applied to the first duct. created between the inlet opening of the bull cone and the side socket of the second double cone; Can be augmented if desired by adding more stages of the same type (14th The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Use of. 18. A method of extracting energy from a flowing waterway, without being immobile and submerged in the waterway. In a double cone with its longitudinal axis parallel to the direction of flow, The negative gauge pressure created is used to suck in water and move it through a turbine. and several double cones acting on the same turbine can be combined if desired. (FIG. 16) of the method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that use. 19. A method of removing salt from seawater, which is connected to the high pressure side of a molecular filter. In a closed circuit, seawater is pumped through a double cone, into a pressure vessel, and then pumped again. The desalted water returns to the pump and is thereby delivered to the low pressure side of the molecular filter. The concentrated salt water that accumulates in the circuit is continuously or periodically withdrawn from the circuit. eliminated, whereby the pressure balance in the circuit is via the double cone side socket. It is automatically returned to its original state by sucking new seawater into the circuit (Figure 15). Any one of claims 1, 2, 3, and 7, characterized in that: Use of the methods described in. 20. Directing one user from several reservoirs located at different heights A method of automatic control of spills into a common supply line, the method comprising: At the junction of the inflow from the reservoir, the double cone is arranged axially in the supply line. the inflow from the reservoir is connected to the side socket of the double cone, whereby At each junction, the pressure balance is between the main flow in the supply line and the side from the reservoir. (FIG. 17) Use of the method according to any one of paragraphs 2, 3 and 7. 21. A method of adjusting the strength of the flow of the medium, in which the medium passes through a double cone. and the flow strength was directed to the side socket of the double cone. controlled by the lateral flow of the same medium, so that each change in the lateral flow corresponds to the axial flow (FIG. 18) Use of the method according to any one of paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8.