JPS6349232A - Co2 removing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To miniaturize a water remover and to reduce the weight of CO2 removing device by using the water remover containing an electrochemical cell provided with a solid electrolysis chamber, electrodes, a reaction chamber for removing water and a reaction chamber for recovery of water. CONSTITUTION:In the CO2 removing device consisting of two systems, the water content in a gas to be treated introduced to the reaction chamber 1d1 for removing water is allowed to react on the interface of the electrode 1e1 as shown in equation I. The produced O2 is accompanied with the gas flow and introduced to a heat exchanger of a 1st system and cooled. The cooled gas is sent to an adsorption tower, and CO2 is adsorbed and removed by a molecular sieve, and then introduced to the reaction chamber 1d2 for the recovery of the water. On the other hand, H<+> in the equation I reaches the electrode 1e2 from the inside of the solid electrolysis chamber 1f and is allowed to react with O2 in the reaction chamber 1d2 for the recovery of water, and water is produced as shown in equation II. And the treated gas deprived of CO2 and recovered with water is again sent to a chain. In the 2nd system, CO2 is desorbed by heating the molecular sieve. Thus, by alternatively using the 1st and the 2nd systems, the adsorption of CO2 and the regeneration are continuously carried out.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a CO2 removal device used in a spacecraft compartment pressurized with air.

[Conventional technology]

Figure 3 is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) document CR-
This is a flow diagram of a conventional CO2 removal device shown in 71I/44. For example, a moisture remover that removes moisture from the air to be treated, such as a moisture removal tower, (CO/), (X2) cools the gas to be treated that has been dehumidified in these moisture removal towers (//), (/J). The heat exchangers (3/) and (32) are filled with molecular sheep (not shown), and the CO2 in the gas to be treated is cooled by the heat exchangers (X/) and (-1). CO2 adsorption tower that adsorbs and removes (/J)
, (/da) and (s3).

(JII) is the water removal tower Ctt during heating regeneration, respectively.
.

(l2) lined KCO, adsorption tower (,?/), (,72
), Ctai), Cq2) is a switching pulp that changes the flow direction of the gas to be treated, (x/)
, (6λ) is the piping. Moisture removal tower, heat exchanger, C
There is one O-adsorption tower each, and between the switching pulp (RI/) and (q2), there is a water removal tower (//), a heat exchanger (KO/), and a CO2 adsorption tower (3/). The first series is connected in series through piping (A/), and the water removal tower (/2), heat exchanger (22), and CO2 adsorption tower (32) are connected to piping (62).
This is a pretreatment device used to prevent a decrease in the CO2 adsorption capacity of regular sheep connected in series.

The conventional CO removal device is constructed as described above. First, the first series on the left side of Fig. 3 performs the CO adsorption operation, and the second series on the right side performs the CO adsorption operation.
A case will be described in which a series performs a COU regeneration operation.

At room temperature, the partial pressure of coke is maximum a o o 1Iata (
The gas to be treated is at a relative humidity of 23% to 73% (absolute atmospheric pressure) and a relative humidity of 23% to 73%, is introduced from the cabin (not shown) to the first series of moisture removal columns (//) via the switching pulp (lIl). Moisture in the gas to be treated is removed by silica gel in this moisture removal tower (//), and then this gas to be treated is passed through a heat exchanger (
s/)K is introduced and cooled, and then CO adsorption tower (3
/), where COJ in the gas to be treated is adsorbed and removed by a molecular sheep, and then returned to the cabin via the switching pulp (Da 2). On the other hand, in the second series, water and CO2 adsorbed in the water removal tower (12) and CO2 adsorption tower (32) are removed under reduced pressure by a heater (
/<z), (3<<) for heating and desorption, and a water removal tower (l2), CO.

Regenerate the adsorption tower (3, 2). Desorbed water, CO
, is sent to a storage tank (not shown) via a switching pulp (lI2). After a predetermined period of time, the switching pulp (l
Il>, (lI2) is switched, and this time, contrary to the above case, the first series performs the regeneration operation and the second series performs the adsorption operation. In this way, the first series and the second series periodically alternate the roles of adsorption operation and regeneration operation, so that adsorption and regeneration are performed continuously.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The CO2 removal device described above requires a water removal tower that weighs almost the same as the CO adsorption tower to remove water, and the water removal tower is too heavy for K to be installed in the spacecraft room, where weight restrictions are strict. There was a problem.

This invention was made to solve these problems, and the purpose is to miniaturize the water removal column and obtain a CO2 removal device that occupies less weight and volume in the CO2 removal device. shall be.

[Means for solving problems]

The CO removal device according to the present invention includes a moisture removal device including an electrochemical cell in which a moisture removal reaction chamber and a moisture recovery reaction chamber are respectively provided in contact with electrodes attached to both sides of a solid electrolyte. This is what I used.

[Effect]

In this invention, the moisture in the gas to be treated is removed in the reaction chamber for moisture removal, and the moisture is recovered in the gas to be treated from which CO has been removed in the reaction chamber for moisture recovery. and water recovery can be performed in seven electrochemical cells.

[Implementation row]

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
ko/), (,z,ri, (-?/)~(3g)
, (u/) , (Daichi) , (A/) 1(6
2) is exactly the same as that in the conventional device described above. (
/A) is a water remover used in this invention, and (ri) is a pipe connecting this water remover (/A) and the switching pulp (q2).

In the COJ removal apparatus configured as described in 5 above, the first COJ removal system consisting of the heat exchanger (co/) and the CO2 adsorption tower (3/) performs the CO2 adsorption operation, and the heat exchanger ( =
2), a second CO2 adsorption tower (32)
A case will be described in which the 2-removed series performs the CO-yu regeneration operation. If lined up, CO□ partial pressure at room temperature maximum 0.00 da ata, relative humidity co! ~5% of the gas to be treated is introduced from the cabin (not shown) to the moisture removal unit (/A) of the first CO2 removal series.

This situation will be explained with reference to FIG. 2, which schematically shows the moisture remover (/A). The moisture remover (/A) consists of an electrochemical cell (la), a power supply (/b), and a voltage regulator (/C). (/d/) is the reaction chamber for water removal of the electrochemical cell (la), (/d2) is the electrochemical cell (la)
), (/e/), (le-) are porous electrodes, (lf) is a solid electrolyte, such as a proton-conducting solid electrolyte such as uranyl phosphate hydrate (HrDingOJP○,
, lIu,o), (ng/), Cig2) are the inlet of the gas to be treated, the outlet of the gas to be treated, C1g3), (/q+), respectively, provided in the reaction chamber for moisture removal (/d/).
are a to-be-treated gas inlet and a to-be-treated gas outlet, respectively, provided in the water recovery reaction chamber (/d2).

The gas to be treated is introduced into the moisture removal reaction chamber (/d/) from the gas inlet (/g/). The moisture in the introduced gas to be treated becomes CO2 at the electrode (/e/) interface through the reaction of the following equation (1).

H, O → OJ+ H+e- (1) The O produced by this reaction is transferred to the water removal reaction chamber C/d/
)K remains, while H+ enters the solid electrolyte (lf) and moves toward the electrode (le2). Reaction for water removal (
It is introduced into a heat exchanger (Xl) through a heat exchanger (Xl) and cooled. Next, the cooled gas to be treated containing O is sent to a CO2 adsorption tower (3/), where CO4 in the gas to be treated is adsorbed and removed by a molecular sheep. The gas to be treated from which CO2 has been removed is transferred from the CO2 adsorption tower (Jl) to the piping (
7) Reaction chamber (for water recovery) of water removal device (/A)
/d2) is introduced into the to-be-treated gas inlet (/gj). H that has reached the electrode (le-) from the solid electrolyte (lf) receives an electron e- on the electrode (le2), reacts with oxygen o and b in the reaction chamber (/d2), and becomes the electrode (l
e2) At the interface, l>H, O is generated by the reaction of the following equation (2).

Q + H + e → H, O (2) Through this rotation, the gas to be treated, from which CO2 has been removed and H and O have been recovered, is returned to the cabin.

In the second CO,removal series, the CO2 adsorption tower (,7,2)
The Simolecular Sheep is heated by the internal heater (34 tons) to desorb CO2, and the desorbed CO2 is collected and stored as CO! (not shown).

Further, by the pulp operation of the switching valves (9/) and (lf2), the CO2 adsorption operation in the first CO2 removal series and the CO2 desorption operation in the second CO2 removal series are alternately performed, Continuous CO2 adsorption and C
The O2 adsorption tower (,?/), (32) can be regenerated.

In addition, in the above implementation column, the COJ removal apparatus equipped with the first and second CO2 removal series was explained, but the third. A CO removal series such as a second one may be provided.

In addition, in the above embodiment, uranyl phosphate hydrate (Hn□YuPO
, ·tIH, o), but other proton-conducting solid electrolytes such as uranyl arsenate hydrate (HTTO, AsO,
-F H, ○), or β-alumina substituted product (NHl)
(HJO) Jl, 7 ``JlJ '' 10//20, 7, etc. may also be used, and the same effect will be achieved.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention includes a solid electrolyte, electrodes provided on both sides of the solid electrolyte, and an untreated gas provided in contact with one of these electrodes to be introduced. Since we use a moisture remover that includes an electrochemical cell that is equipped with a reaction chamber for moisture removal that causes a reaction on the electrode surface, and a reaction chamber for requisition at the other electrode, CO2
The CO2 adsorption device, which alternately plays the role of adsorption and desorption of CO This has the effect of greatly contributing to the weight reduction of the spacecraft, and making it possible to install it inside spacecraft rooms, where weight restrictions are strict.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a moisture remover (/A) used in the embodiment of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of a conventional CO2 removal device. It is a flow diagram. In the figure, (/A) is a water remover, (,2/),
(,2,2) is a heat exchanger, (,?/), (,7,2
) is the CO adsorption tower, C33'), C3<t) is the heater, (ri/)l(11,]) is the switching pulp, (A/
). (12), (7) are piping, (/a) is an electrochemical cell,
(lb) is a power source, (IC) is a voltage regulator, (/d/) is a reaction chamber for moisture removal, (/CL, 1.) is a reaction chamber for moisture recovery, (Iel). (ies') is an electrode, (/ri is a solid electrolyte, (tgi)
, ClF3) is the inlet of the gas to be treated, (/gx),
C/g'l) is the outlet of the gas to be treated. In each figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.帛I planning 10: Kanai tips 1 white':) tnshi 1b: Den S original IC: Denno 4th round % volume Iel, ls2: Den Keishi procedure correction band "Spontaneous"

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A moisture remover that removes moisture from the gas to be treated, a heat exchanger that cools the gas from which moisture has been removed by the moisture remover, and a A first CO_2 removal series consisting of a CO_2 adsorber that removes CO_2, and when CO_2 is being adsorbed in this first CO_2 removal series, CO_2 that has already been adsorbed is
and a second CO_2 removal train consisting of a heat exchanger and a CO_2 adsorber, in which regeneration is performed by desorbing O_2 from the CO_2 adsorber, and the first CO_2 removal train removes CO_2 and the second Regeneration of CO_2 adsorber in the CO_2 removal series of CO_2 is carried out alternately.
The water removal device is a removal device, and the moisture removal device includes a solid electrolyte;
electrodes provided on both sides of the solid electrolyte; a water removal reaction chamber provided in contact with one of the electrodes into which an untreated gas to be treated is introduced to cause a reaction on the electrode surface; The above CO_2 provided in contact with another electrode
CO_2 characterized by comprising an electrochemical cell provided with a moisture recovery reaction chamber into which a gas to be treated from which CO_2 has been removed in an adsorber is introduced to cause a reaction on an electrode surface.
removal device. (2) The CO_2 removal device according to claim 1, wherein the solid electrolyte is a proton conductive solid electrolyte. (3) The proton conductive solid electrolyte is HUO_2PO_4・4H_2O, which is uranyl phosphate hydrate, and HUO_2A_SO_4・4H_2O, which is uranyl arsenate hydrate.
, and β-alumina substituted product (NH_4)・(H
_2O)_2_/_3Mg_2_/_3Al_1_0_
・C according to claim 2, which is one type selected from the group consisting of _1_/_3O_1_7.
O_2 removal device.