JPS63275774A - Three-dimensional pattern fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention uses fibers or fibrous materials having polarizing properties to
It relates to a patterned three-dimensional patterned fabric.

More specifically, by wearing glasses (so-called stereoscopic glasses) having polarizers with right and left directions orthogonal to each other, the pattern appears to stand out in three dimensions. It relates to a fabric exhibiting a three-dimensional pattern.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, in the world of images, images appear to appear three-dimensionally. So-called 3D images have appeared and are attracting attention. What is the principle of this technology?

It takes advantage of the phenomenon of polarization. In other words, the object is imaged as an image for the left eye and an image for the right eye from two directions, left and right front, using polarized light with the orientation of the linear polarizer orthogonal, and these images are superimposed on the same plane. By combining the images and viewing them through glasses with corresponding polarizers, the left and right eyes see images for the left eye and right eye, respectively, which explains the principle that objects appear three-dimensionally raised. It was used.

This 3D image is applied not only to 3D movies, but also to 3D televisions, 3D microscopes, and even 3D radar.

However, no attempt has been made to apply three-dimensional patterns to fabric using this principle.

[Problems to be solved by the present invention]

The present invention applies such a polarization phenomenon to patterning of fabric,
When viewed through stereoscopic glasses, the pattern appears to stand out in three dimensions. That is, the present invention provides a fabric exhibiting a three-dimensional pattern.

Means for Solving Problems c] As a result of intensive studies to obtain such a three-dimensional patterned fabric, the present invention is obtained by oriented and adsorbing a guest such as iodine to fibers mainly made of polyvinyl alcohol. If a polarizing fiber or a fibrous material that has a high polarizing function is used to pattern a pattern on an object when viewed from the left and right sides, the pattern on the object will be visible when viewed through stereoscopic glasses. Find out what appears to be floating.

This led to the present invention. That is, the present invention has the following configuration.

(1) A fiber or a fibrous material mainly made of polyvinyl alcohol having polarizing properties is used, and a pattern seen from the left front and a pattern seen from the right front.

A three-dimensional patterned fabric that is patterned as overlapping designs on the same surface.

(2) It has the polarizing property. Fibers or fibrous materials mainly composed of polyvinyl alcohol have a molecular weight of 9, 5o, ooo
500,000 and containing iodine or an iodine-containing organic compound and/or an organic dye arranged in a certain direction.

(3) The three-dimensional patterned fabric according to claim 1, when the three-dimensional patterned fabric is viewed through glasses having polarizers whose left and right directions are perpendicular to each other, the pattern appears to stand out in three dimensions.

The polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as PVA) used in the present invention needs to have sufficient practical strength when used as a fiber, so the average molecular weight of the PVA is so,
Those with a molecular weight in the range of ooo to 500,000 are preferable.0 If the molecular weight is so or ooo, ungrooved ones will not have sufficient strength when used as fibers, and conversely, if it exceeds 500,000, the solution viscosity will decrease. It is not preferable to have a high molecular weight (too much), which may cause problems such as the possibility of clogging of the first die.In particular, when made into fibers, those with an average molecular weight of 100.000 to 200.000 can have a high drawing ratio, and Guests can be highly oriented.

This is more preferable since higher practical strength can be obtained.

Although PVA is mainly used in the present invention, 30 mol% or less of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivative, unsaturated sulfonic acid or its derivative, etc. may be copolymerized as other components.

The method for producing such PVA is not particularly limited, but a method with a high degree of polymerization and less branching is preferred.

It was obtained by solution polymerization of vinyl acetate using a solvent such as methanol or ethanol, suspension polymerization, or bulk polymerization at low temperatures. It can be obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate with an alkali. In this case, PVA obtained by a bulk polymerization method at low temperature is particularly preferable because it has a particularly high degree of polymerization and has little molecular branching.

The method for spinning PVA fibers used in the present invention is as follows:
A wet spinning method in which an aqueous solution of saturated sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, etc. is used as a coagulation bath and dehydrated and coagulated to form fibers may be used, but since the cross-sectional structure of the fibers produced by wet spinning tends to be non-uniform, it is preferable to extrude it into air and then coagulate it. (using semi-dry spinning method, high concentration stock solution, or
It is preferable to prepare a pellet by adding a plasticizer and an appropriate amount of water to VA and dry-spun using the pellet, since non-uniformity of the fiber cross section is less and high fiber strength can be obtained.

When spinning such PVA fibers, 30% or less of aminoacetalized PVA, casein, S powder, sodium alginate, etc. may be mixed in the spinning stock solution for spinning. Spinning a mixture with an acrylic acid polymer such as polyacrylamide or an acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer is preferable because the hot water resistance of the resulting PVA fiber improves.The spun fiber is then stretched in a hot bath. , dried, 1
The film is subjected to a second stretching process using dry heat at 00 to 220 degrees Celsius (total stretching ratio of 3 to 25 times), and then heat treated at a high temperature for a short period of time. The higher the stretching ratio is, the more preferable it is because when a guest such as iodine is contained, the guest is highly oriented and adsorbed.

The total stretching ratio is preferably 10 to 20 times. After that, if necessary, using sulfuric acid as a catalyst,
The heat-treated fibers may be acetalized with formaldehyde or the like.

The PVA fiber thus obtained is treated with iodine or iodine.

Organic compounds containing iodine (e.g. herapatite) and/or
Alternatively, if it is colored with a dichroic dye, a polarizing fiber used in the present invention can basically be obtained.

When coloring with iodine, iodine has low solubility in water alone, so it is preferable to dissolve it in an aqueous potassium iodide solution.

The concentration of such an aqueous potassium iodide solution varies depending on the concentration of iodine to be dissolved.

5 to 20% is preferred. Also carbon disulfide, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, hexane, ligroin, petroleum ether,
Benzene, toluene, xylene, methanol, ethanol, ether, glycerin.

Acetone, pyridine, etc. can also be preferably used.

The amount of iodine adsorbed on PVA fibers is greatly influenced by the degree of crystallinity of the fibers, and as the degree of crystallinity increases, the amount of iodine adsorbed decreases.Therefore, coloring treatment may be performed after stretching, but preferably two-stage treatment is performed. It is preferable to color the coagulated filament before drawing or after coagulation, since this yields fibers with high iodine adsorption. In particular, it is preferable to carry out a coloring treatment before the second stage stretching.

Of course, a guest such as iodine was added to the spinning stock solution. After spinning using the so-called original spinning dope, a stretching treatment or the like may be performed to highly orient the adsorbed guest such as iodine.

In the present invention, the guest used contains iodine in addition to iodine. Organic compounds such as herapatite,
Furthermore, as dichroic dyes, dyes with particularly high dichroism among merocyanine-based, styryl-based, azo-based, anthraquinone-based, and tetrazine-based dyes, and water-soluble azo compounds having sulfonic acid groups may also be used. I can do it.

The PVA fiber of the present invention, which has adsorbed and oriented guests such as iodine, is treated with boric acid if necessary.

Good too.

1. In the present invention, a polarizing fibrous material is used, in which PVA is formed into a film by a casting method or an extrusion method, stretched three times or more in the -axial direction, and then slit into narrow widths to form fibers. It's okay though.

Such slit fibers have a limited slit width and are somewhat difficult to weave and weave, so it is preferable to directly spin them into fibers.

Now, as a preferable component of the three-dimensional patterned fabric of the present invention, PVA having polarizing properties is used as a core component.

It is desirable to use a composite fiber spun as a core-sheath composite fiber using at least one selected from acrylic resin, polystyrene, and polyethersulfone resin as a sheath component. Among them, polyacrylamide, acrylic acid-
Acrylic acid polymers such as acrylamide copolymers are preferred.

Generally, iodine is a substance that easily sublimes, but by forming such a core-sheath fiber structure, it is possible to suppress deterioration of performance due to temperature rise, and furthermore, the durability is improved compared to the P■A fiber alone, which is preferable.

Next, the three-dimensional pattern of the present invention can be produced by using polarizing fibers mainly made of the above-mentioned pvA or the fibrous material to create objects as patterns or designs for the left eye and the right eye, respectively, from the left front. Basically, it can be obtained by weaving or embroidering the pattern seen from the front right and the pattern seen from the right front so that they overlap on the same surface.

For example, for the left eye, look at the design from the front left.

Using the PVA polarized fiber mentioned above, embroidery is done so that the wefts mainly express the design, and then in the same places.

This time, for the right eye, embroidery is performed using the above-mentioned pvA polarized fiber so that the pattern seen from the right front is expressed mainly by the warp threads.

When the pattern thus obtained is viewed through stereoscopic glasses that have a horizontally oriented polarizer for the left eye and a vertically oriented polarizer for the right eye, the left and right designs overlap and the pattern appears. It appears as if it is floating, giving it a three-dimensional pattern.

The method of expressing such a design is not limited to the method described above.

The left and right sides may be completely reversed, and it is preferable to use such polarized fibers in the warp, weft, or diagonally, and to appropriately devise the II1 weave, knitting weave, or embroidery method to further express these effects. That's true.

Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

〔Example〕

Example 1 PVA with a degree of polymerization of 3500 (molecular weight of about 154,000>
was dissolved in a mixed solvent mainly consisting of alcohol to prepare a spinning stock solution.

Next, this spinning stock solution was extruded into the air through a nozzle with a hole diameter Q of 1 mm, and then introduced into a saturated aqueous sodium sulfate solution to solidify, followed by a first drawing in a hot bath and drying.

Next, the second stage of stretching was carried out using dry heat, with a total stretching of 17%.
After that, a short period of high temperature heat treatment was performed to form
A VA multifilament yarn was obtained.

Thereafter, the PVA fibers were immersed in a potassium iodide aqueous solution containing 5% iodine at 50°C for 30 minutes, and then washed with water to obtain PV colored slightly brownish gray with iodine.
A polarizing fiber was obtained.

The polarized fiber thus obtained was used as embroidery thread.

A landscape map of Mt. Fuji is embroidered onto a white cotton fabric. When viewed from the front, the design of Mt. Fuji seen from the front left is expressed mainly by the weft. When viewed from the front, the design of Mt. Fuji is mainly composed of horizontal threads. When viewed from the front side, the design of Mt. Fuji is mainly composed of vertical threads), and the design was embroidered so that the designs overlapped.

When the thus obtained three-dimensional patterned fabric of the present invention is viewed through glasses (so-called stereoscopic glasses) each having a horizontally oriented polarizer for the left eye and a vertically oriented polarizer for the right eye, The left and right designs overlapped, making the design of Mt. Fuji appear to be floating, as if it had been decorated with a three-dimensional vA pattern.

Comparative Example 1 Mt. Fuji was embroidered in the same manner as in Example 1 using ordinary pale blue nylon thread as the embroidery thread.

However, even when viewed through stereo glasses, this object is 9.
The pattern did not appear to have changed in any way.

Example 2 After spinning the same PVA fiber as in Example 1, it was subjected to a coloring process using iodine and blue dye.

A polarizing fiber with a blue hue was obtained.

Using this polarized fiber, we created a pattern on the width of a theater plane by mainly expressing a landscape drawing of Niagara Falls viewed from the front left with diagonal threads running from the upper left to the lower right. The pattern seen from the front.

Conversely, express it with a diagonal thread running from the top right to the bottom left.

Moreover, the designs were embroidered so that they overlapped.

When the thus obtained three-dimensional patterned fabric of the present invention is viewed through stereoscopic glasses having a polarizer in the 145° direction for the left eye and a polarizer in the +45° direction for the right eye, the left and right designs overlap and the Niagara The pattern of the waterfall appeared to be floating, giving the viewer the illusion that the water was raining down on them.

[Effects of the Invention] When the three-dimensional patterned fabric of the present invention is worn with three-dimensional glasses, one pattern appears to stand out, giving a sense of realism as if the fabric had been patterned three-dimensionally.

A powerful pattern can be obtained.

In particular, the two-dimensional patterned fabric of the present invention is highly effective when used in the width of a theater for showing three-dimensional movies.

The three-dimensional patterned fabric of the present invention can be used not only for such applications but also for patterning wallpaper, calendars, etc., and for clothing and accessories.
It has a new sensibility and can be used for patterning. Alternatively, it can be used in a wide range of applications that require impressive patterns that give a sense of realism.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Fibers or fibrous materials made mainly of polyvinyl alcohol with polarizing properties are used, and the pattern seen from the front left and the pattern seen from the front right are superimposed on the same surface. Three-dimensional patterned fabric. (2) The polarizing fiber or fibrous material mainly made of polyvinyl alcohol has a molecular weight of 50,000.
500,000 and contains iodine or an iodine-containing organic compound and/or an organic dye arranged in a certain direction. (3) The three-dimensional patterned fabric according to claim 1, when the three-dimensional patterned fabric is viewed through glasses having polarizers whose left and right directions are perpendicular to each other, the pattern appears to stand out in three dimensions.