JPS63183278A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the adiabatic efficiency of a compressor and reduce the power consumption by providing an intake valve located in a container in a flow path affording communication between an intake chamber and a compression chamber, while enabling the flow path to be interruped by the slide surfaces between a piston and the inner wall of container. CONSTITUTION:A piston 2 coupled with an armature 3 of a linear motor is fitted slidably in a container 1 so that a compression chamber 7 is defined on the lower end face side of piston 2. When pressure in the compression chamber 7 is reduced by the upward movement of piston 2, an intake valve 10 provided on the lower portion of container 1 is opened so that refrigerant having low temperature and pressure in the intake chamber 8 flows into the compression chamber 7. Also, the refrigerant in the compression chamber 7 is compressed by the succeeding downward movement of piston 2 to push open a discharge valve 11 and send the high temperature and pressure refrigerant into the discharge chamber 13. When the piston 2 ascends again through the lower dead point, the discharge valve 11 is closed and the intake valve 10 is opened to take in the refrigerant again.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to compressors. Among these, it particularly relates to free piston type compressors.

Prior Art A conventional free piston compressor has a configuration as shown in FIG.

That is, 27 is a container in which a refrigerant is sealed;
28 is a piston that moves up and down slidably on the inner wall of the container, 29 is an armature of a linear motor coupled to the piston, 30 is a field of the linear motor, 31 is a terminal, and 32 is a power source.

33 is a compression chamber, 34 is a suction chamber, 36 is an annular groove provided on the wall of the piston 28, and 36.37 is a flow path that communicates the groove 35 with the suction valve 38. 39 is a discharge valve, 4o is a discharge gas flow path provided in the discharge valve 39, 41 is a discharge chamber, and 42 is a compression coil spring for pressing the discharge valve upward.

43 is a condenser, 44 is an expansion valve, 45 is an evaporator, and 46 is a temperature sensing cylinder for detecting the temperature of the intake gas.

In such a configuration, the piston 28 is connected to the linear motor 29.
, 30 are moved up and down by the driving force, and as a result, the piston 28 rises and the pressure in the compression chamber 33 increases to the suction chamber 3.
When the pressure drops below 4, the suction valve 38 opens and the suction chamber 34
The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant flows into the compression chamber 33. When the piston 28 further rises, passes through the top dead center and descends, the refrigerant in the compression chamber 33 becomes high temperature and high pressure, and when the pressure becomes higher than the pressure in the discharge chamber 41, the discharge valve 39 opens and passes through the flow path 4o to the discharge chamber 41. leaks to. Then, when the piston 28 further descends, passes the bottom dead center, and reversely rises, the pressure in the compression chamber 33 becomes lower than the pressure in the discharge chamber 41, and the discharge valve 39 closes. Then, when the piston 28 further rises and the pressure in the compression chamber 33 becomes lower than the pressure in the suction chamber 34, the suction valve 38 opens and the low temperature, low pressure refrigerant in the suction chamber 34 flows into the compression chamber 33.

As described above, due to the vertical movement of the piston 28, the low temperature, low pressure refrigerant in the suction chamber 38 flows into the compression chamber 33, is compressed, becomes high temperature and high pressure, and flows out into the discharge chamber 41.

The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant in the discharge chamber 41 enters the condenser 43, where it is cooled and liquefied, and enters the expansion valve 44. The refrigerant expanded in the expansion valve 44 becomes low-temperature and low-pressure. The refrigerant then enters the evaporator 46, where it is heated to become a low-temperature, low-pressure gas and flows into the suction chamber 34.

The heat absorbed by the evaporator 46 and the work done on the refrigerant by the compressor as described above are radiated by the condenser 43, thereby performing the function of a refrigerator.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, with such a structure, there is a gap between the suction chamber 34 and the groove 35 in the flow path from the suction chamber 34 to the suction valve 38.
There is one sudden expansion from the groove 36 to the flow path 36, one sudden contraction from the groove 36 to the flow path 36, and one bend between the flow path 36 and the flow path 37. There were many places where pressure drop occurred from the to the suction valve 38.

As a result, there was a problem in that the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor decreased and more power was required to perform the same compression work.

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a compressor that reduces the pressure drop in the flow path from the suction chamber to the suction valve, has high adiabatic efficiency, and has low power consumption.

Means for solving the problems and technical means of the present invention for solving the above problems are as follows:
A suction valve provided in the flow path A that communicates the suction chamber in which the fluid to be compressed exists and the compression chamber, and a suction valve that communicates with the compression chamber through the inside of the container wall, and a sliding contact between the piston and the inner wall of the container. This is a flow path A' that constitutes a part of the flow path A that is configured such that communication with the compression chamber can be cut off by a dynamic surface.

For production The effect of this technical means is as follows.

That is, the suction valve is provided in the container, and the flow path from the suction chamber to the suction valve is a flow path with a smaller pressure drop than in the conventional example.

Embodiment Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a container in which a refrigerant is sealed. 2 is a piston that slides up and down on the inner wall of the container 1, 3 is an armature of a linear motor coupled to the piston, 4 is a field of the linear motor, 6 is a terminal, and 6 is a position of armature 3. This is a position detector for detecting.

7 is a compression chamber. 8 is a suction chamber, 9 is a suction port, 1° is a suction valve, 11 is a discharge valve, 12 is a passage through which discharge gas passes, and 13 is a discharge chamber.

14 is a condenser, 16 is an expansion valve, 14 is an evaporator, and 17 is a temperature sensing cylinder for detecting the temperature of the intake gas.

Further, 18 is a control device, and 19 and 20 are valves.

Further, 26 is a flow path that communicates the space 23 and the space 24.

Further, 21 is a protrusion provided on the piston 2, and 22 is an annular miso provided on the discharge valve. When the piston 2 and the discharge valve 11 approach a predetermined distance, the protrusion 21 and the groove 22 form a closed space. It is formed.

Next, the operation of the configuration of this embodiment will be explained. First, the piston 2 is moving up and down by the driving force of the linear motors 3 and 4. As a result, the piston 2 rises and the pressure in the compression chamber 7 becomes lower than the pressure in the suction chamber 8.
is opened, and the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant in the suction chamber 8 flows into the compression chamber 7. When the piston 2 further rises, passes the top dead center and descends, the refrigerant in the compression chamber 7 becomes high temperature and high pressure, and when the pressure becomes higher than the pressure in the discharge chamber 13, the discharge valve 11 opens and flows out into the discharge chamber 13. Then, when the piston 2 further descends, passes the bottom dead center and rises in the opposite direction, the pressure in the compression chamber 7 decreases to the discharge chamber 13.
The pressure becomes lower than , and the discharge valve 11 closes. When the piston 2 further rises and the pressure in the compression chamber 7 becomes lower than the pressure in the suction chamber 8, the suction valve 1o opens and the low temperature, low pressure refrigerant in the suction chamber 8 flows into the compression chamber 7.

As described above, due to the vertical movement of the piston 2, the low temperature, low pressure refrigerant in the suction chamber 8 flows into the compression chamber 7, is compressed, becomes high temperature and high pressure, and flows out into the discharge chamber 13.

The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant in the discharge chamber 13 enters the condenser 14, where it is cooled and liquefied, and enters the expansion valve 16. The refrigerant expanded in the expansion valve 16 becomes low-temperature and low-pressure. Then, it enters the evaporator 16. Here, the refrigerant is heated to become a low temperature, low pressure gas and flows into the suction chamber 8.

The heat absorbed by the evaporator 16 and the work done on the refrigerant by the compressor as described above are radiated in the condenser 14, thereby performing the function of a refrigerator.

On the other hand, the position of the bottom dead center of the piston 2 is controlled so as to be as close to the discharge valve 11 as possible without colliding with the discharge valve 11. This prevents the refrigerant remaining between the piston 2 and the discharge valve 11 when the piston 2 reaches the bottom dead center from expanding again when the piston 2 moves up next time, thereby preventing the volumetric efficiency from decreasing.

Specifically, the control device 18 calculates the position of the bottom dead center of the piston 2 from the position of the piston 2 detected by the position detector 6. When the bottom dead center position is lower than the set value, a signal is sent to the valve 19 to close it. This lowers the pressure in the space 24 communicating with the space 23, raises the average position of the piston 2, and raises the bottom dead center.

Further, even if the valve 19 is fully closed, if the bottom dead center position is still lower than the set value, the valve 2o is opened.

Conversely, when the bottom dead center position of the piston 2 is higher than the set value, a signal is sent to the valve 2o to close the valve 20.

If the temperature is still high even after fully closing valve 2o, valve 19 is opened. In this way, the control device 8 keeps the bottom dead center of the piston 2 at an appropriate position so that the piston 2 does not collide with the discharge valve 11 and the volumetric efficiency is increased.

Note that if the control device 18 stops working due to a power outage or the like, the piston 2 may collide with the discharge valve 11, but when the piston 2 collides with the discharge valve 11, the discharge valve 11 compresses the spring 25 and descends. The impact force acting upon a collision becomes smaller.

In this embodiment, the refrigerant in the suction chamber 8 passes through the suction boat 9, passes through the gap between the suction valve 1o and the container 1, and flows into the compression chamber 7.

Therefore, compared to the conventional example, the suction valve 10 from the suction chamber 8
The pressure drop in the flow path leading to is small.

This has the effect of increasing heat insulation efficiency and, accordingly, reducing power consumption.

Effects of the Invention The present invention provides a suction valve provided in a flow path A that communicates a suction chamber in which a fluid to be compressed exists and a compression chamber, and a suction valve that communicates with the compression chamber through the wall of the container. Since this is a compressor that has a flow path A′ that constitutes a part of flow path A that is configured such that communication to the compression chamber can be cut off by the sliding surface of the piston with the inner wall of the container, The suction valve is provided in the container rather than in the piston, and the flow path from the suction chamber to the suction valve has a smaller pressure drop than in the conventional example. As a result, the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor is increased and therefore power consumption is reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional compressor. 1...--Container, 2... Piston, 3...
... Armature, 4 ... Field, 6 ... Position detector, 7 ... Compression chamber, 1o ... Suction valve, 11 ... ...Discharge valve, 14... Condenser, 15... Expansion valve, 16... Evaporator, 19, 20... Valve, 18... ... Control device, 27 ... Container, 28 ... Piston, 29 ... Armature, 30 ... Field,
38...Suction valve, 39...Discharge valve, 4
0...Flow path, 43...Condenser, 44.
...Expansion valve, 45...Evaporator. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person11
Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] a container, a piston slidably provided on an inner wall of the container, a compression chamber surrounded by the container and the piston and whose volume changes due to movement of the piston with respect to the container, and a suction chamber in which a fluid to be compressed exists; A suction valve provided in a flow path A that communicates with the compression chamber, a discharge valve provided in a flow path B that communicates the compression chamber with a discharge chamber in which compressed fluid exists, and a container from the suction valve. a flow path A' that passes through a wall and communicates with the compression chamber, and is configured such that communication with the compression chamber can be cut off by a sliding surface of the piston with the inner wall of the container; Path A' is a compressor that constitutes a part of the flow path A.