JPS62277955A - Implantable electromagnetic entotympanic bone conductive hearing aid - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device to compensate for hearing loss, and more particularly to an implantable middle ear bone conduction hearing aid using electromagnetism. , this hearing aid is a device that stimulates the inner ear and produces sound >y2p by means of vibrations conducted through the chain ossicles in the middle ear of the hearing aid wearer.

[Conventional technology and problems]

When sound waves hit the eardrum and generate vibrations,
Humans normally recognize sounds. These vibrations are transmitted through the chain of ossicles in the middle ear into the pot of the inner ear, resulting in electrical impulses that are transmitted to the auditory nerve,
That is, it is transmitted to the brain via the nerves in the pot. Hearing loss can occur if the inner ear is damaged even if the middle ear's sound conduction mechanism is fully functional.

Conventional hearing aids are of the "air conduction type" and are used to overcome hearing loss due to damage to the inner ear (neural sensory paralysis) or due to minor failures in the sound conduction mechanism of the middle ear. Such air conduction hearing aids simply act to amplify the intruder and transmit this amplified sound signal via a speaker placed in the ear canal. This amplified sound simply "works" the ear's sound transmission mechanism.

Because air conduction hearing aids must have their components within the ear canal, and because they require that the tympanic membrane and chain ossicles in the middle ear be fairly intact, some people with hearing loss may There are cases where no benefit can be derived from using this air conduction hearing aid.

Even people who cannot benefit from air conduction hearing aids may benefit from bone conduction hearing aids. Bone conduction hearing aids work by converting a sound signal into a mechanical vibratory stimulus. In conventional hearing aids of this type, the vibrating part of commercially available manual hearing aids has usually been attached to the skin behind the ear by applying some pressure. This vibrating body transmits its vibrations through the skin and soft tissue to the bony structures of the skull. This vibration of the skull stimulates Magushi, which allows it to recognize sound. Such commercially available bone conduction hearing aids have not become very popular due to several limitations. The first limitation is that this hearing aid is bulky and must be attached to a head hand or special eyeglass frame in order to press the vibrating body against the skull. In addition, since the vibrations must be transmitted through the skin and soft tissues covering the skull,
This type of hearing aid has poor sound fidelity and efficiency.

Various proposals have been made to improve bone conduction devices for stimulating the inner ear. One such proposal is U.S. Pat.
No. 290,081, in which a radio receiver is implanted under the skin and includes vibration generating means subcutaneously connected to the temporal bone. The transmitter may be placed at a remote location on the user's body as long as the embedded radio receiver can receive the modulated signal it generates in response to the sound received by the microphone. good. This modulated signal is received by a radio receiver, and in response to this signal, the vibrating body vibrates to cause vibrations in the temporal bone, which subsequently stimulates the inner ear to perceive sound. This implanted radio receiver is extremely complex and contains numerous electronic components, including the power source, which are prone to failure and have other potential problems that cause greater difficulties due to the nature of the implant. There is.

Another proposed improvement relates to an experimental study conducted in Europe and described in a recently published paper that involved bone screws implanted directly into the temporal bone subcutaneously and connected directly to it. A direct bone conduction hearing aid with terminals is implanted. This terminal extends out through the skin. A vibrating body that vibrates in response to the modulated signal is coupled to this terminal, which transmits the vibrations to the bone screw and then to the temporal bone of the skull, stimulating the inner ear and producing sound perception. It is something. This device has distinct disadvantages, including the possibility of irritation and the inconvenience that ceramic elements extending permanently through the skin are undesirable from aesthetic, psychological and comfort points of view. have.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems with the bone conduction hearing aids proposed so far, improvements have been made as disclosed in co-pending U.S. Application No. 674,176, filed on November 23, 1984. . A direct bone conduction hearing aid is then proposed in which the signal transmission device is arranged so that it is invisible, ie without any unpleasant external devices. This bone conduction hearing aid includes a sound wave processing mechanism that converts sound waves into analog electromagnetic signals, an output transmitter that transmits the electromagnetic signals and is placed on the scalp of a person with hearing loss, and a first magnetic means. Equipped with Furthermore, the device includes a vibration generating mechanism that is firmly fastened to the subcutaneous skull of a hearing impaired person, and a second magnetic means. the second magnetic means cooperates with the first magnetic means to hold the transmitter on the scalp of the hearing person and receives an electromagnetic signal from the transmitter of the sonic processing means;
The skull vibrates in response to these electromagnetic signals.

Using this device, vibrations are generated under the skin in response to analog electromagnetic signals, stimulating the inner ear through the skull and allowing people with hearing loss to perceive sound.

Although the improvements in the above-mentioned co-pending patent application worked satisfactorily in many cases, direct vibration of the ossicles in the middle ear is more desirable and allows for sound to be more reliably perceived by people with limited hearing. It has been proposed that a sound wave transducer means converts an auditory signal into an electrical signal, and an electromagnetic transducer that receives this electrical signal and converts it into mechanical movement of the stapes of the chain ossicles of the inner ear. We use equipment and means. The patented device consists of a magnet that is permanently attached to the stapes of the chain ossicles of the inner ear, and a magnet that is implanted in the user's temporal bone and extends through the skin and is attached to a sonication means on the outside of the skin. It is equipped with an electromagnetic coil provided so as to The electromagnetic transducer receives an electrical signal that extends from the transducer to the user's middle ear via electrodes that are attached to a magnet that is firmly fastened to the stapes of the chain ossicles of the cough middle ear. introduce.

Although the device of U.S. Pat. No. 3,870,832 stimulates the chain ossicles of the user's inner ear directly by bone conduction, it has many inconveniences and limitations as follows. First, the hearing aid requires a transdermal element that extends through the soft tissue and skin behind the user's ear, which can lead to irritation and the introduction of bacteria through the constantly open skin.

This is unacceptable from the viewpoints of beauty, psychology, and comfort. Second, the patented device utilizes electrodes that extend directly into the user's middle ear, making surgical implantation extremely difficult and subject to potential for electrode fracture, insulation leakage, and electrical current leakage. Become stronger. Third, this device only provides a vibration-generating mechanism that is attached to the head of the stapes of the chain ossicles of the middle ear. In many cases, it may be difficult to attach the vibration generating mechanism to the head of the stapes bone because the protrusion on the underside of the organ is too large.

In addition, the ridges on the surface may hit the stapes, making it impractical. After all, by attaching the vibration generating means to the head of the stapes of the chain ossicles, there will be many cases in which the desired stimulation is given to the inner ear and a person with hearing loss will not be able to correctly perceive sound.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides an implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid which solves the conventional deficiencies and problems associated with bone conduction hearing aids, and which eliminates the need for electrodes to enter the middle ear. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device which is characterized by increased comfort and good aesthetics, without the variability corresponding to pathological changes in the hearing-impaired user.

[Means and operations for solving the problems] In view of the above-mentioned objects of the invention, the present invention provides a hearing aid equipped with the following mechanisms.

Sonic processing means are provided for converting sound waves into analog electromagnetic signals, and include an output transmitter and are disposed on the user's scalp to transcutaneously transmit the electromagnetic signals. The signal transmitting/receiving means is implanted in the subcutaneous bone outside the middle ear of the user, receives transcutaneous electromagnetic signals from the transmitter of the sonic processing means, and transmits the electromagnetic signals subcutaneously to the middle ear of the user. . The vibration generating means can be implanted in any of the chain ossicles of the middle ear, receives a subcutaneous electromagnetic signal from the signal transmitting/receiving means, vibrates the chain ossicles of the middle ear in response to the electromagnetic signal, and vibrates the chain ossicles of the middle ear to stimulate the inner ear. Stimulates and allows users with hearing loss to recognize sounds.

Preferably, according to the invention, the electromagnetic transmitting and receiving means comprises electromagnetic signal receiving means for receiving transcutaneous electromagnetic signals from the sonic processing means transmitter, and the electromagnetic transmitting and receiving means comprises electromagnetic signal receiving means for receiving transcutaneous electromagnetic signals from the sonic processing means transmitter, and an electrode coupled at one end to an electromagnetic signal receiving means for subcutaneously transmitting an electrical signal; and an electromagnetic signal transmitting means coupled to the other end of the electrode. The signal transmitting means is implanted in the temporal region of the user's middle ear, just outside the user's middle ear, and subcutaneously transmits electromagnetic signals to the user's middle ear.

More preferably, according to the invention, the transmitter of the sonic processing means and the signal transmitting/receiving means are provided with magnetic means, and cooperate with each other to transmit signals to the ear through the user's skin without extending through the user's skin. Hold the sonication means in the transcutaneous apparatus behind the.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

〔Example〕

An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid 10 is shown fully installed in a user with hearing loss in FIGS. 1-3. Of all the human auditory canals and other anatomical regions, regions relevant to the present invention are illustrated in FIG. 3 with appropriate names.

The hearing aid 10 first includes a sonic processor 11 that converts sound waves into analog electromagnetic signals. As shown in FIG. 1, this sonic treatment means 11 is connected to a case 12 suitable for carrying in a suitcase or on the clothes of a user, and to the case 12 by a suitable conductor 14. , an output transmitter 13 attached to the epidermis of the user's head,
The transmitter 13 is preferably placed behind the ear in order to transcutaneously transmit magnetic signals. If necessary, a second transmitter 13 can be connected to case 1 by conductor 14.
2 and placed behind the other ear to provide a transmitter behind both ears of the user. Furthermore, transmitter 1
The entire sonic wave processing means 11 including 3 is installed in the rear ear case 12' (
(Fig. 2).

The sonic processing means 11 may be equipped with an electronic circuit as shown in FIG. 4, for example. The circuit comprises a sensitive microphone 15 that converts sound waves into electrical signals, which are processed and sent to an output transmitter 13 that generates an electromagnetic field with an amplitude proportional to the amplitude of the sound waves received by the microphone 15. It will be done. The microphone 15 includes a diaphragm or a membrane (not shown) that vibrates in response to the sound waves that strike it. The electrical signal from microphone 15 is then amplified by preamplifier 20.

Next, this amplified signal is transmitted to the output amplifier 21 via the volume control 22 which supplies the signal from the preamplifier 20 to the amplifier 21 either as is or after it has been attenuated. The output amplifier 21 amplifies the signal and drives the output transmitter 13. This output transmitter 13 comprises an induction coil 24 wrapped around a core 25.

Furthermore, the hearing aid 10 is equipped with a signal transmitter/receiver 30, and the signal transmitter/receiver 30 is connected to the outer temporal region (third
The transmitter 13 of the sonicator 11 is embedded in the
It receives transcutaneous electromagnetic energy signals from the user's middle ear and transmits electromagnetic signals subcutaneously to the user's middle ear.

The signal transmitter/receiver 30 comprises electromagnetic signal receiving means 31, preferably in the form of an induction coil 32 wound around a core 33, which is connected to the transmitter 13 of the sonicator. Receives electromagnetic signals from the skin. Electrode 34
is coupled at one end to a signal receiving means 31, and more particularly to an induction coil 32, for subcutaneously transmitting electrical signals in response to electromagnetic signals received by the induction coil 32 and the core 33. do. The signal transmitter/receiver 30 further comprises electromagnetic signal transmitting means 36, preferably in the form of an induction coil 37 wound around a core 38, which transmits the electrical signals carried by the electrodes 34. and in response, sends an electromagnetic signal subcutaneously to the user's middle ear.

As seen in FIG. 3, the signal receiving means 31 is fixed to the user's subcutaneous skull, preferably using a bone screw 40.
It is anchored in the mastoid area of the temporal bone by. Electrode 34
is surgically implanted extending through the user's temporal bone from the mastoid area to a location near the middle ear. The electromagnetic signal transmitting means 36 is implanted in the temporal bone just external to the user's middle ear. The electrode 34 and the signal transmitting means 36 are surgically implanted in the user's temporal bone by making a passage hole therein.
Fill with biocompatible materials. The biocompatible material allows the temporal bone to grow and abuts and surrounds the electrode 34 and the signal transmitting means 36, fixing them in the same location. Signal receiving means 3
The induction coil 32 and core 31 of 1 are biocompatible,
It can be wrapped in a tissue-tolerant material, and furthermore, the bone 40 should be made of a tissue-tolerant material, such as titanium.

The transmitter 13 of the sonicator 11 and the signal receiving means 31 of the signal transceiver 30 both include magnetic means therein;
Preferably contains a permanent magnet or an induction coil 2
4 and 32 are wound around cores 25 and 33, respectively.
and is made of permanent magnets. These magnetic means cooperate with each other to hold the transmitter 13 of the sonicator 11 in the user's subcutaneous skull, preferably behind the ear, without coupling through the skin. The permanent magnets are of the Samaritan cobalt type. Although preferred, these magnetic means may take various other forms, for example at least one of these magnetic means comprises a magnet including a permanent magnet as described above, while the magnetic means of the other The means may comprise a magnetically attracted substance, such as a magnetic material. Other combinations are possible as long as they are retained in the epidermis.

Also, while bone screws 40 are preferably used to secure the signal receiving means 31 to the user's skull, other fastening means such as adhesives or implanted posts may also be used.

Furthermore, the signal receiving means 31 of the signal transmitter/receiver 30 is placed in the mastoid region of the temporal bone of the user who has lost his hearing, and the transmitter 13 of the sound wave processing means 11 is placed behind the user's ear. Although this is preferred, other locations on the user's skull are possible.

In addition to the above, the hearing aid 10 according to the present invention includes a vibration generating device WS30.
, which can be implanted in any of the chain ossicles in the user's middle ear, and includes magnetic means for receiving subcutaneous electromagnetic signals from the signal transmitting means 36 of the signal transmitter/receiver 30 . In response to the signal, the chain ossicles, or a part thereof, are vibrated, stimulating the normal function of the inner ear, and allowing the user, who has developed hearing, to recognize sound.

The vibration generator 50 is preferably a ceramic magnetic prosthesis made of biocompatible material containing rare earth magnetic particles. The vibration generator 50 may have any desired shape as shown in FIG. 7 to 13.
Illustrated in the figure. The vibration generator 50 is not coupled to any electrodes extending into the user's middle ear, thus avoiding the risk of electrode leakage, shorting and fracture, and furthermore, while attached to the electrodes, Surgical vibration generator 50
This eliminates the extremely tedious task of inculcating.

Several alternative variations for implanting this vibration generator 50 into the chain ossicles of the middle ear of a hearing impaired person are illustrated in FIGS. 7-13 and described below.

However, other arrangement methods are also possible.

Referring to FIG. 7, this type is probably the most common application possible. In this usage, the vibration generating means 50 are arranged above the head of the stapes of the chain ossicles of the user's middle ear and below the long process of the incus. This application provides an insert or prosthesis that produces vibrations in the normal chain ossicles of the user's middle ear.

Next, referring to FIG. 8, a vibration generating means 50 is fixed between the promontory angle and the central surface of the malleus manubrium on the favorable side of the tympanic membrane,
The figure shows a case in which when sound waves act on the user's eardrum, the original vibrations are applied to the chain ossicles in addition to the original movement of the manubrium of the malleus.

Still referring now to FIG. 9, a vibration generating means 50 is secured between the base of the stirrup and the long process of the incus;
The figure illustrates the case where the superstructure of the stapes is lost due to a person's disease, disability, or otherwise, and it functions as a prosthetic limb.

Next, according to FIG. 10, the vibration generating means 50 is fixed between the manubrium of the malleus and the base of the stapes, and the upper structure of the stapes is damaged, so that the malleus is no longer available for attachment. The figure shows a case where the entire upper part of the chain ossicles is bypassed and fixed when this is not possible.

In FIG. 11, the vibration generating means 50 is fixed to a long protrusion of the incus bone, but this fixation is possible by an anatomical method and not by other methods.

In FIG. 12, the vibration generating means 50 is fixed between the head of the stapes and the manubrium of the malleus, causing damage to the chain ossicles that is missing in the bridge from the user's eardrum to the inner ear. Used with. This usage results in necrosis of the long process of the incus bone,
It would be used when there is a defect in the bridge from the eardrum to the inner ear.

FIG. 13 shows that the vibration generating means 50 is attached to the head of the stapes under similar circumstances to the application example of FIG. The figure shows a case where only the stapes is vibrated when there is a gap between the chain ossicles or when they are separated.

Although the drawings and description disclose typical preferred embodiments of the invention and employ specific aspects, they are used for general illustration and not as a limitation.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides variability according to the type of medical condition of a user with impaired hearing,
An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid can be provided that increases comfort and aesthetics and solves the problems of prior art techniques involving electrodes that enter the user's middle ear.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 illustrates the relative positional relationship between the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear of a person using a hearing aid according to the present invention having a first type of sonic processor, and partially shows the face of a hearing-impaired user. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a person's head seen from behind using a hearing aid according to the invention with a second form of sonicator; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a human head equipped with a hearing aid according to the invention; 4 is a circuit diagram of a hearing aid according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a hearing aid according to the present invention implanted outside the user's middle ear. Figure 6 is a perspective view showing various forms of the vibration generator of the hearing aid according to the present invention, which can be implanted into any of the chain ossicles in the user's middle ear. Figures 7 to 13 are partial views of the auditory canal in which vibration generators are attached to various positions of the chain ossicles in the user's middle ear. 10... Hearing aid, 11... Sonic processor, 12 ...Case, 13...Transmitter, 14...Conductor, 15...Microphone, 20...Preamplifier, 21...
・Output amplifier, 22...Volume control, 24
...Induction coil, 25...Core, 3
0... Signal transmitter/receiver, 31... Signal receiver,
32... Induction coil, 33... Core,
34... Electrode, 36... Electromagnetic signal transmitting means, 37... Induction coil, 38... Core,
-40... bone fuji, 50... vibration generator. Procedural amendment (method) August 73, 1985 Commissioner of the Patent Office Kuro 1) Akio Yu 1, Indication of the case 1985 Patent Application No. 114950 2, Title of the invention Implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone Conduction Hearing Aid 3, Relationship with the Corrector Case Patent applicant name: Bristol-Myers Company 4, agent address: 8-10-6 Toranomon-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, Japan
Subject of amendment (1) Field of “Representative of applicant” in application form (2) Power of attorney (3) Drawing 7, contents of amendment (1) (2') As attached (3) Engraving of drawing (contents) 8. List of attached documents (1) 1 copy of the application for correction (2) 1 copy each of power of attorney and translation (3) 1 copy of engraving drawings

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Without inserting electrodes into the middle ear of users with hearing loss,
In addition, it is an implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid that is variable depending on the state of disease symptoms, converts sound waves into electromagnetic signals, and transmits the electromagnetic signals transcutaneously. A sonic processing means having an output transmitter disposed on the epidermis of the head, receiving a transcutaneous electromagnetic signal transmitted from the transmitter of the sonic processing means, and transmitting the electromagnetic signal to the user's middle ear. A signal transmitting/receiving means implanted in the bone at a subcutaneous position outside the user's middle ear, which transmits the signal through the skin; and a subcutaneous electromagnetic signal transmitted from the signal transmitting/receiving means; vibrates to stimulate the inner ear,
An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid comprising vibration generating means implanted in the chain ossicles of the middle ear to enable a hearing impaired user to perceive sound. 2. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means by placing it over the head of the stapes and under the long protrusion of the incus bone, so as to provide a vibration insert to the chain ossicles of the user. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 1. 3. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the promontory angle and the central surface of the malleus manubrium below the eardrum, and when the sound wave acts on the eardrum of the user, the vibration generating means The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 1, which imparts original vibration to the chain ossicles in addition to the original movement. 4. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the bottom of the stapes and a long protrusion of the incus bone, and when the user has lost the upper structure of the stapes; An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 1, which acts as a prosthetic limb. 5. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the nuclear vibration generating means between the manubrium of the malleus and the base of the stapes, so that the upper structure of the stapes is damaged and the malleus is no longer attached. 2. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid as claimed in claim 1, which bypasses the entire upper part of the chain ossicles when it is not available for use. 6. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein the vibration generating means comprises fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means to a long protrusion of the user's incus bone. 7. A chain ossicle in which the vibration generating means is provided with an attachment means for attaching the vibration generating means between the head of the stapes and the manubrium of the malleus, and a defect has occurred in the bridge from the eardrum to the inner ear of the user. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 1 for use with injuries to the ear. 8. The vibration generating means is provided with an attachment means for attaching the vibration generating means to the head of the stapes, and when there is a gap in the bony bridge of the chain ossicles in the user's middle ear, the vibration generating means is provided with a mounting means for attaching the vibration generating means to the head of the stapes. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein the hearing aid is made to vibrate. 9. Claim 1 in which the vibration generating means is made of a biocompatible material containing rare earth magnet particles forming a permanent magnet.
Implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aids as described in Section. 10. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid that does not require the insertion of electrodes into the middle ear of a user with hearing loss, and is variable according to the state of disease symptoms, and converts sound waves into electromagnetic signals. a sonic processing means having an output transmitter placed on the skin behind at least one ear of the user to transcutaneously transmit the electromagnetic signal; and from the transmitter of the sonic processing means. an electromagnetic signal receiving means, the electromagnetic signal receiving means having an attachment means for receiving the transmitted transcutaneous electromagnetic signal and being attached subcutaneously to the mastoid region of the temporal bone of the user; one end coupled to the electromagnetic signal receiving means; an electrode for subcutaneously transmitting an electrical signal, an electromagnetic signal transmitting means coupled to the other end of the electrode and implanted in the temporal bone outside the middle ear of a user, and a subcutaneously implanted signal transmitting and receiving means; Magnetic means receives a subcutaneous electromagnetic signal transmitted from the signal transmitting/receiving means, vibrates the chain ossicles in response to the electromagnetic signal, stimulates the inner ear, and allows a hearing-impaired user to recognize sound. 1. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid comprising: a vibration generating means configured to be implanted in any of the ossicles in the chain of the middle ear of a user. 11. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means by placing it over the head of the stapes and under the long protrusion of the incus bone, so as to provide a vibration insert to the chain ossicles of the user. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 10. 12. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the promontory angle and the central surface of the malleus manubrium below the eardrum, and when the sound wave acts on the user's eardrum, the vibration generating means 11. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 10, which imparts original vibration to the chain ossicles in addition to the original movement. 13. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the base of the stapes bone and a long protrusion of the incus bone, and when the user has lost the upper structure of the stapes bone, An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 10, which acts as a prosthetic limb. 14. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the manubrium of the malleus and the base of the stapes, so that the upper structure of the stapes is damaged and the malleus is no longer attached. 11. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid as claimed in claim 10, which bypasses the entire upper part of the chain ossicles when it is not available for use. 15. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 10, wherein the vibration generating means comprises fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means to a long protrusion of the user's incus bone. 16. A chain ossicle in which the vibration generating means is provided with an attachment means for attaching the vibration generating means between the head of the stapes and the manubrium of the malleus, and a defect has occurred in the bridge from the eardrum to the inner ear of the user. 11. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 10 for use with injuries to the ear. 17. The vibration generating means is provided with an attachment means for attaching the vibration generating means to the head of the stapes, and when there is a gap in the bridge of the chain ossicles in the user's middle ear, the vibration generating means is provided with a mounting means for attaching the vibration generating means to the head of the stapes. 11. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 10, wherein the hearing aid is made to vibrate. 18. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 10, wherein the vibration generating means is comprised of a biocompatible material containing rare earth magnetic particles forming a permanent magnet. 19. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid that increases comfort and aesthetics, does not require the insertion of electrodes into the middle ear of users with hearing loss, and is variable depending on the state of the disease symptoms. an output transmitter placed on the skin behind at least one ear of the user and magnetic means within the transmitter for converting sound waves into electromagnetic signals and transcutaneously transmitting the electromagnetic signals; a sonic processing means for converting sound waves into electromagnetic signals; and a transdermal electromagnetic signal transmitted from a transmitter of the sonic processing means, and used to subcutaneously transmit the electromagnetic signal to the user's middle ear. a bone screw subcutaneously fixing at least a portion thereof to the mastoid region of the temporal bone of the user; a signal transmitting and receiving means implanted in the temporal bone outside the middle ear of the user, comprising magnetic means provided within said portion so as to be held on the scalp behind the ear without being connected to the middle ear; and a middle ear that receives a subcutaneous electromagnetic signal transmitted from the signal transmitting/receiving means, vibrates the chain ossicles in response to the electromagnetic signal, stimulates the inner ear, and allows the hearing-impaired user to recognize sound. an implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid comprising vibration generating means implanted in the chain ossicles of the implantable middle ear bone conduction hearing aid. 20. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means by placing it over the head of the stapes and under the long protrusion of the incus bone, so as to provide a vibration insert to the chain ossicles of the user. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 19. 21. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the promontory angle and the central surface of the malleus manubrium below the eardrum, and when the sound wave acts on the user's eardrum, the vibration generating means 20. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 19, which imparts original vibration to the chain ossicles in addition to the original movement. 22. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the base of the stapes and a long protrusion of the incus bone, and when the user has lost the upper structure of the stapes; An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 19, which acts as a prosthetic limb. 23. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the manubrium of the malleus and the base of the stapes, and the upper structure of the stapes is damaged and the malleus is no longer attached. 20. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid as claimed in claim 19, which bypasses the entire upper part of the chain ossicles when it is not available for use. 24. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 19, wherein the vibration generating means comprises fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means to a long protrusion of the user's incus bone. 25. A chain ossicle in which the vibration generating means is provided with an attachment means for attaching the vibration generating means between the head of the stapes and the manubrium of the malleus, and a defect has occurred in the bridge from the eardrum to the inner ear of the user. 20. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 19 for use with injuries to the ear. 26. The vibration generating means is provided with an attachment means for attaching the vibration generating means to the head of the stapes, and when there is a gap in the bony bridge of the chain ossicles in the user's middle ear, the vibration generating means is provided with a mounting means for attaching the vibration generating means to the head of the stapes. 20. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 19, wherein the hearing aid is made to vibrate. 27. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 19, wherein the vibration generating means comprises a biocompatible material containing rare earth magnetic particles forming a permanent magnet. 28. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 19, wherein all said magnetic means comprise permanent magnets. 29. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid that increases comfort and aesthetics, does not require the insertion of electrodes into the middle ear of users with hearing loss, and is variable depending on the state of the disease symptoms. an output transmitter placed on the skin behind at least one ear of the user and magnetic means within the transmitter for converting sound waves into electromagnetic signals and transcutaneously transmitting the electromagnetic signals; a sonic processing means for converting sound waves into electromagnetic signals; and receiving the transcutaneous electromagnetic signal transmitted from the transmitter of the sonic processing means and transmitting at least a portion of the transcutaneous electromagnetic signal to the mastoid region of the temporal bone of the user. In cooperation with a bone screw for subcutaneous fixation and the magnetic means of the transmitter of the sonic processing means, the transmitter of the sonic processing means is fixed on the scalp behind the ear without making a hole in the skin of the user. an electromagnetic signal receiving means comprising magnetic means held in the electromagnetic signal receiving means, an electrode coupled at one end to the electromagnetic signal receiving means and transmitting an electrical signal subcutaneously, and connected to the other end of the electrode, just outside the user's middle ear; a signal transmitting/receiving means that is implanted in the temporal bone of the user and includes an electromagnetic signal transmitting means for subcutaneously transmitting an electrical signal to the user's middle ear; It has a magnetic means that vibrates the chain ossicles in response to electromagnetic signals to stimulate the normal functioning of the inner ear, allowing users with hearing loss to recognize sound, and is implanted in the chain ossicles of the user's middle ear. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid comprising a vibration generating means. 30. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means by placing it over the head of the stapes and under the long protrusion of the incus bone, so as to provide a vibration insert to the chain ossicles of the user. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 29. 31. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the promontory angle and the central surface of the malleus manubrium below the eardrum, and when the sound wave acts on the user's eardrum, the vibration generating means The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction type hearing aid according to claim 29, which imparts original vibrations to the chain ossicles in addition to the original movements. 32. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the base of the stapes bone and a long protrusion of the incus bone, and when the user has lost the upper structure of the stapes bone, An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 29, which acts as a prosthetic limb. 33. The vibration generating means is provided with a fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means between the manubrium of the malleus and the base of the stapes, and the upper structure of the stapes is damaged and the malleus is no longer attached. 30. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 29, which bypasses the entire upper part of the chain ossicles when it is not available for use. 34. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 29, wherein the vibration generating means comprises fixing means for fixing the vibration generating means to a long protrusion of the user's incus bone. 35. A chain ossicle in which the vibration generating means is provided with an attachment means for attaching the vibration generating means between the head of the stapes and the manubrium of the malleus, and a defect has occurred in the bridge from the eardrum to the inner ear of the user. 30. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 29 for use with injuries to the ear. 36. The vibration generating means is provided with an attachment means for attaching the vibration generating means to the head of the stapes, and when there is a gap in the bony bridge of the chain ossicles in the user's middle ear, the vibration generating means is provided with a mounting means for attaching the vibration generating means to the head of the stapes, and when there is a gap in the bony bridge of the chain ossicles in the user's middle ear, the stapes is directly attached to the head of the stapes. 30. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 29, wherein the hearing aid is made to vibrate. 37. The implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 29, wherein the vibration generating means comprises a biocompatible material containing rare earth magnetic particles forming a permanent magnet. 38. An implantable electromagnetic middle ear bone conduction hearing aid according to claim 29, wherein all said magnetic means comprise permanent magnets.