JPS62277238A - Numerically controlled machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ensure accommodation with tools equiped with an electric motor of different kinds and the like by providing a controller which controls the electric motor contained in the tools upon receiving both a control signal from a numerical control device and a control signal based on data from a memory means. CONSTITUTION:A connector 11 is provided to a position off the shaft center of a tool 4a so as to be connected with a high frequency electric motor 9 and a memory 10. The tool 4a is fitted on a main shaft 2, and is simultaneously connected with a receptacle 12 provided to a machine tool main body 3. And a controller 17 is composed of an interface section 18 which is composed of a photocoupler for inputting control signals from a numerical control device 5, and of a drive section 25 including three kinds of driving circuits 25a, 25b and 25c. The driving circuits 25a, 25b and 25c are automatically selected by a change-over switch 26 by reading out the data of the memory 10 depending on the kind of the electric motor 9.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] 3. Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a numerically controlled machine tool having an automatic tool changer, which is capable of making minute holes in a workpiece, It is used when performing sharp polishing.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, numerically controlled machine tools such as machining centers and CNC lathes have been equipped with automatic tool changers, which allow them to select various tools and perform various types of machining. Many tools of the same type are replaced from time to time and automated operation is performed for long periods of time. In such conventional machine tools, the tool installed by the automatic tool changer is installed at a predetermined machining position such as the main spindle or tool rest of the machine tool body, and then the workpiece is machined by rotation of the main spindle. It has become.

Therefore, even when drilling a minute hole in a workpiece, performing minute chamfering, or polishing a minute part, the main shaft must be rotated. Therefore,
Unless a special speed increaser is added, the rotation speed cannot exceed the spindle speed, resulting in slow machining speed, reduced machining accuracy, short spindle life, and unnecessary power consumption for the spindle. There was such a problem.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention uses a tool equipped with a built-in electric motor that rotates at high speed separately from the main spindle of the machine tool body, and performs minute machining without rotating the main spindle. I did it like this,
The technical means is an automatic tool changer that is provided with an electric motor 9 that can rotate at high speed, a storage means 10 that stores data regarding the control of the electric motor 9, and a connector 11 for connecting the electric motor 9 and the storage means 10. 4, a receiving socket 7 12 connected to the connector 11 provided on the machine tool main body 3 at the processing position where the tool 4a is mounted, and a control signal from the numerical control device 5. and a controller 17 which receives a control 811 signal corresponding to the data of the α means 10 and controls the electric motor built in the tool 4a.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In Fig. 1, a numerically controlled machine tool 1 includes a machine tool main body 3 having a spindle 2, an automatic tool changer 4 having a large number of tools 4a, 4b, etc. It consists of a numerical control device 5 and the like. A tool 4a is attached to the main shaft 2 by a manipulator (not shown) of an automatic tool changer 4.
A hole with a minute diameter is to be drilled in a workpiece W using a drill blade 6 with a minute diameter attached to the tip of a. The tool 4a is provided with a taper yank part 7 and a gripping part 8 by a manipulator, has a built-in high-frequency electric motor 9 that can coaxially rotate at high speed, and is attached with a memory lO storing data related to the control of this high-frequency electric motor 9. ing.

This memory 10 is composed of, for example, a FROM, etc., and includes f! type, rated power, voltage, current, frequency, etc. are memorized. Furthermore, the aforementioned drill blade 6 is attached to the tip of the chuck portion 6a. A connector 11 for connecting to a high-frequency electric motor 9 and a memory lO is provided at a position offset from the axis of the tool 4a, and a connector 11 for connecting to a high-frequency electric motor 9 and a memory lO is provided at a position offset from the axis of the tool 4a. It is designed to be connected to a connector 12.

Referring also to FIG. 2, the receiving connector 12 is provided with a ring electrode +28 that opens downward, and a flow path 12b for blowing air out from the ring electrode +2a is provided in the flow path 12b. A tube 14, an electromagnetic on-off valve 15, and a pneumatic pressure #i16 are connected via a connector 13. This is because immediately before the tool 4d is attached to the main shaft 2, that is, immediately before the bottle electrode 11a of the connector 11 is inserted into the ring electrode 12a, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is turned on for a short time and air is blown out from the ring electrode 12a. This is to air purge chips, dirt, oil, etc. to ensure electrical connection.

Referring also to FIG. 3, the controller 17 controls the numerical control bag 2i! interface section 18, 10 section 19 consisting of a photocoupler for inputting the control signal from 5, a signal output section 20 consisting of a relay etc. for outputting an ACK signal to the numerical control device 5, and a central processing section 21 consisting of a microprocessor etc. , a storage section 22, 23, 10 section 24, a drive section 25 having drive circuits 25a, 25b, 25c of jtiH,
It consists of a changeover switch 26, a decoder section 27 and a display section 28 for displaying the number of revolutions. Connected to the receiving connector 12 are the output of the drive circuit selected by the changeover switch 26 and a read line 29 for reading out the data in the memo January 0.

The three types of drive υ1 circuits 25a, 25b, and 25c are for a high-frequency motor, a DC motor, and a pulse motor, respectively, and can be switched by reading data from the memory 10 according to the Jffi type of the motor 9. switch 26
The respective drive circuits 25a, 25b, 25c are automatically selected by
Inside the tool 4a, the voltage and number of phases of the power supply can be varied or switched according to the data in the memory lO. In this embodiment, the drive circuit 25a can be driven and controlled by
is selected.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the drive circuit 25a, in which a DF converter 30 decodes a digital signal and outputs a sine wave signal of a specified frequency, and a J-phase alternating current is generated by the output from the DF converter 30. The generated divider section 31 and the output from the divider section 31 are power-amplified to generate a high-frequency electric motor 9.
It consists of a drive section 32 that drives the.

The numerical control device 5 reads commands from a programmed paper tape, for example, and controls the machine tool main body 3 according to the contents.
and controls the automatic tool changer 4 or outputs a control signal to the controller 17.

For example, the operation of the program shown in FIG. 5 will be explained. When the numerical control device 5 reads rM50J from the paper tape, a BCD signal corresponding to "50" and a (NH times signal) are output, and the controller 17 reads "50" at the timing when the REQ signal is on. "50"
is decoded to put the controller 17 into an operating state, make subsequent commands 'AJ', invalidate previous commands, and output a CK signal from the signal output section 20. Next, when rM60J is read, it is recognized that this is a command to set the rotation speed, and the memory 22 is
The rotation speed corresponding to "60" (for example, 35,000 rpm) is read out from the rotation speed table stored in the engine, and "35" is displayed on the display section 28. When rM53J is read, it recognizes this as a command to start normal rotation and activates the drive circuit 2.
5a operates and the high frequency electric motor 9 reaches the set rotation speed of 35,000.
It starts rotating at rpm. Thereafter, the workpiece W or the spindle 2 is moved by a command to the machine tool main body 3, and the drill bit 6
A hole is made at a predetermined position in the workpiece W by the . Then, when rM55J is read, the high frequency electric motor 9 stops,
Further, by reading rM51J, the controller 17 enters a standby state. During this time, the main shaft 2 is stopped without rotating, and the high-frequency electric motor 9 rotates at high speed to perform the machining. When the machining with the tool 4a is completed,
The automatic tool changer 4 receives the tool change command and replaces the tool 4a with another next tool.

According to the above-mentioned embodiment, the hole is machined in the workpiece W by the spindle 2.
Since the rotation of the high-frequency electric motor 9 is used instead of the rotation of the main spindle 2, the machining can be performed by rotating at a high speed that cannot be rotated by the main spindle 2, resulting in high processing speed, no vibration caused by the rotation of the main spindle 2, and improved machining accuracy. Since the spindle 2 is not damaged, the life of the spindle 2 is extended, and power consumption can be saved. The tool 4a with a built-in high-frequency electric motor 9 can be replaced in the same way as other tools 4b, 4c, etc. by the tool changer 4, and can also be used to numerically send commands such as setting the rotational speed and starting/stopping the high-frequency electric motor 9. Since it uses the 0M signal, which can be freely controlled by the control signal from the control device 5 and enables fully automatic operation, it is easy to create a program and read it into the numerical control device 5. It is also possible to control the tool 4a without making any changes to the control device 5. Since the rotational speed is set by reading from the rotational speed table stored in advance in the memory 22, there is little possibility that the rotational speed will become abnormally high or low due to a program error.

If such a rotation speed table is created according to the material of the workpiece W and the specifications of the tool 4a used, programming becomes easy and the optimum rotation speed for machining can be easily set. be exposed. Data such as the type and rated voltage of the electric motor 9 built into the tool 4a are stored in the tool 4a.
The drive circuits 25a, 25b, in the drive unit 25 are stored in the memory 10 attached to the drive unit 25 based on this data.
25c, it can be applied to tools with different types of motors, and the voltage and number of phases in the drive circuits 25a, 25b, 25c can be varied based on the data, so the rated It can be adapted to a variety of different electric motors. Therefore, there is no need to provide a dedicated drive circuit for each tool with a built-in electric motor, which is economical. The receiving connector 12 is inserted before the connector 11 is inserted.
Since the air is blown out, there is no adhesion of chips or dirt, and the connection is reliable.

In the above-described embodiment, the method and content of the control signal from the numerical control device 5 to the controller 17 can be varied.In the setting of 0 rotation speed, the rotation speed is stored in the memory IO. , may be set based on this data. In this case, memory 1
A display device for displaying the rotation speed stored in the tool 4a
If the tool 4a is provided, confirmation can be performed using only the tool 4a. In addition,
Although the controller 17 uses the central processing unit 21 consisting of a microprocessor, it is also possible to configure it with hard logic instead.

A grindstone may be attached in place of the drill blade 6 attached to the tip of the tool 4a to chamfer or polish the workpiece W. The tool 4a is not attached to the spindle 2, but for example C.
It may be attached to a tool stand of an NC lathe to perform processing such as drilling or chamfering on a workpiece that is held or rotated by the main shaft.

(First result of the invention) According to the present invention, a tool with a built-in electric motor that rotates at high speed separately from the main shaft of the machine tool body is used. Machining can be performed using impossible high-speed rotation, resulting in faster machining speed, no vibrations caused by spindle rotation, improved machining accuracy, and no 1g loss on the spindle, extending spindle life and saving power consumption. be able to. Tools with a built-in high-frequency electric motor can be exchanged like other tools using a tool changer, and commands such as setting the rotational speed of the high-frequency electric motor and starting and stopping can be freely performed using control signals from a numerical controller. , fully automatic operation is possible.

In addition, a storage means is provided that stores data related to the control of the electric motor, and the controller controls the electric motor according to this data, so it can be applied to a variety of tools with different types and ratings of electric motors. can.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a numerically controlled machine tool, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an enlarged connector portion, and FIG. 3 is a block circuit diagram of the controller.
FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram showing an example of a drive circuit, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a program. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Numerical control machine tool, 2... Main spindle, 3... Machine tool body, 4... Automatic tool changer, 4a... Tool,
5... Numerical control device, 9... High frequency motor (motor), 10... Memory (storage means), 11... Connector, 12... Receiving connector, 17... Controller, 25... - Drive section, 25a, 25b. 25c...Drive circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. It has a machine tool main body including a spindle, an automatic tool changer, and a numerical control device, and automatically performs tool change and machining operations according to tool change commands and machining commands from the numerical control device. A numerically controlled machine tool, which is equipped with an electric motor capable of rotating at high speed, a storage means for storing data related to the control of the electric motor, and a connector for connecting the electric motor and the storage means, and is replaceable by an automatic tool changer. a receiving connector provided on the machine tool body and connected to the connector at a processing position where the tool is attached, and a control signal corresponding to a control signal from a numerical control device and data in the storage means. A numerically controlled machine tool comprising: a controller for controlling an electric motor built into the tool; 2. The numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is a high frequency electric motor. 3. The numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the controller has a drive section that is variable in accordance with data stored in the storage means.