JPS62261615A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent leakage of combustible gas from an intake valve and leakage of exhaust gas from an exhaust valve, by forming grooves on the cylindrical intake valve and the cylindrical exhaust valve respectively, which can be rotated by the rotary motion of a crank shaft, and fitting seal members in these grooves. CONSTITUTION:The first grooves 44, 44a, are formed on a cylinder, on axial both sides of an intake port 43, and O-rings 45, 45a are fitted in these groves 44, 44a respectively. The second grooves 46, 46a are formed axially on the cylinder, on circumferential both ends of the intake port 43, between the first grooves 44, 44a, and key-shaped seal members 47, 47a are fitted in these grooves 46, 46a respectively. The intake valve 4 is rotatably attached in the hole of a cylinder head, through being oil-sealed at both ends of this intake valve 4, and the circumference of the intake port 43 is kept airtight as it is sealed by the O-rings 45, 45a and the seal members 47, 47a. An exhaust valve is also kept airtight with the same structure as the intake valve. In addition, lubricating oil is fed between the hole of the cylinder head and the intake valve 4, and between the hole of the cylinder head and the exhaust valve, by a hydraulic pump.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an intake and exhaust system for an internal combustion engine.

[Prior Art] For example, a conventional four-stroke gasoline engine usually has a cam gear 82 driven by a crankshaft 81, and one cylinder 90 connected to the gear 82, as shown in FIG.
A camshaft 83 having two cams, two bushing rods 85, 85a each having a tappet 84.84a and moving up and down by the cams, are arranged above the cylinder head 91, and one end is connected to the bushing rod 85.85a. Two rocker arms 86° 86a that are driven and swing, arranged on the cylinder head 91, rocker arms 87, 87
an umbrella-shaped valve 87 for intake/exhaust driven by the other end of a;
87a and two coil springs 8B, 88a that press these umbrella valves 87, 87a onto the valve seats.
is opened and closed to send flammable gas from the carburetor into the cylinder 90 via the umbrella valve 87, and exhaust gas from the cylinder 90 via the umbrella valve 87a.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The conventional intake/exhaust device as described above has the following problems.

(1) Since a large number of parts are used as described above, the structure is not only complicated, heavy, and expensive, but also the power loss caused by driving these parts is large.

(2) Umbrella valves for intake and exhaust open and close via coil springs, which generate strong vibrations and noise, which limits the engine's rotational speed.

(3) Periodic inspections and adjustments are required to adjust the valve gap, etc. In particular, umbrella valves and valve seats are subject to severe wear, so long-term use requires polishing. Shape valves, coil springs, etc. must be replaced.

In order to solve these problems, the applicant of the present invention previously proposed a cylindrical intake valve having an intake hole or an exhaust hole at a position corresponding to the combustion chamber, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 60-89899. and an exhaust valve, the intake valve and the exhaust valve being rotatably disposed on the cylinder head in proximity to the combustion chamber,
The present invention has been filed for an invention relating to an internal combustion engine comprising an intake/exhaust device in which the intake valve is connected to a carburetor, the exhaust valve is connected to an exhaust pipe, and the rotation of a crankshaft is transmitted.

Although this invention has shown very good results in experiments, there are various problems that need to be improved in the future for mass production.
In particular, it was found that there was a problem with the airtight structure of the intake valve and exhaust valve.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in the invention related to the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 60-69899, the invention has the following features: A first groove is provided in the circumferential direction on both sides of the intake hole and the exhaust hole, and an O-ring is mounted thereon, and an axial groove is provided between the first grooves on both sides of the intake hole and the exhaust hole in the circumferential direction. A second groove is provided in each of the grooves and a sealing material is fitted therein.

[Function] The flammable gas sent from the carburetor passes through the intake valve and is sent from the intake hole to the combustion chamber, but since the area around the intake hole is airtightly sealed with an O-ring and sealing material, flammable gas is There is no risk of gas leakage. Similarly, the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber is also completely discharged from the exhaust pipe without leaking.

[Embodiment] Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention, and the 'tSZ diagram is its A-
It is an A sectional view. In both figures, 1 is a cylinder, 2 is a piston, 3 is a cylinder head made of, for example, an aluminum alloy, 31 is a combustion chamber, 32 is a plug hole, 33.34
is a cylindrical hole penetrating above both sides of the combustion chamber 31, and the circumferential surface is coated with chromium-based thermal spray plating, ceramic coating, etc., and is connected to an intake passage 35 and an exhaust passage 36. Each communicates with the combustion chamber 31.

Reference numeral 4 designates an intake valve, and as shown in FIG. An intake hole 43 that opens to is provided. Further, first grooves 44,44a into which O-rings 45, 45a are fitted are provided on the cylinder on both sides of the intake hole 43 in the axial direction, and first grooves 44,44a are provided on both sides of the intake hole 43 in the circumferential direction. 1 groove 44° 44a
A second groove 46.46a is provided in the axial direction between them, and a key-shaped sealing material 47.47a for airtightness is fitted into this second groove 44.44a. 48 is a flange provided at one end of the main body 1.

This intake valve 4 is rotatably fitted into the hole 33 of the cylinder head 3 with both ends oil-sealed (in the example, the tolerance between the two was 2/100 to 5/100 mm).
, around the intake hole 43 is an O-ring 45-. 45a and sealing material 47.47a to maintain airtightness. A gear 6 is fixed to the flange 48, and a hole 7 aligned with the intake passage 42 is provided in the cylinder head 3 on the other end side.
1 and to which the carburetor is attached is fixed.

The exhaust valve 5 has the same structure as the intake valve 4 mentioned above, and has the hole 34.
A gear 6a is fixed to the flange 58 so as to be rotatable therein, and a mounting portion 81 for the exhaust pipe 8 is fixed to the cylinder head 3 on the other end side.

In the present invention configured as described above, the gear 6 of the intake valve 4 and the gear 6a of the exhaust valve 5 are respectively a gear and a chino.

It is connected to the crankshaft gear via a toothed belt or the like, and rotates at half the speed of the crankshaft gear.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to FIG.

Note that both the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5 are assumed to rotate in the direction of the arrow. The figure (a) shows a state in which the piston 2 has reached the dead center during the exhaust stroke, and the intake hole 43 of the intake valve 4 and the exhaust hole 53 of the exhaust valve 5 slightly open into the combustion chamber 31. As the piston 2 descends, the intake/exhaust valve 4.5
rotates in the direction of the arrow, and when the piston 2 reaches the bottom dead center during the intake stroke, the intake valve 4 rotates as shown in FIG.
A part of the intake hole 43 opens into the combustion chamber 31, and the exhaust hole 53 of the exhaust valve 5 is located above and closes off the combustion chamber 31.

Next, when the piston 2 enters the compression stroke, the intake valve 4 is also closed during the compression stroke, and when the piston 2 reaches the top dead center, the intake hole 43 of the intake valve 4 is closed as shown in FIG. At a position away from the chamber 31, the exhaust hole 53 of the exhaust valve 5 is located close to the combustion chamber 31, and the combustion chamber 31 is closed. When the combustible gas is ignited and explodes, and the piston 2 descends and reaches the bottom dead center, the intake valve 4 is closed as shown in Figure (d), but the exhaust hole 53 of the exhaust valve 5 is closed. starts opening to the combustion chamber 31, expands the opening as the piston 2 rises, and directs the exhaust gas in the cylinder 1 to the exhaust passage 5.
2 to the exhaust pipe.

In this case, the intake hole 43 and the exhaust hole 53 are
Since it is completely sealed by the rings 45, 45a and the sealing material 47.degree. 47a, the combustible gas is sent into the combustion chamber 31 without leaking, and the exhaust gas is also discharged from the exhaust pipe 8 without leaking. Although not shown,
Lubricating oil is sent between the holes 33, 34 of the cylinder head 3 and the intake valve 4 and exhaust valve 5 by a hydraulic pump.

The opening/closing timing of the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5 in the present invention as described above is the same as the opening/closing timing of the intake/exhaust umbrella valve of the intake/exhaust device of the conventional gasoline engine shown in FIG. Adjustment can also be made by changing the shapes of the intake hole 43 and the exhaust hole 53.

In the above embodiment, the holes 33.
Although the inner circumferential surface of 34 is coated with chromium-based thermal spray plating, ceramic coating, etc., a sleeve made of a bearing material may be press-fitted, or a bearing may be provided. Furthermore, although the above explanation has been given for a single-gas engine, it goes without saying that the process can also be applied to a multi-gasoline engine. In this case, as shown in FIG.
1a and 51a have intake holes 43a to 43n and exhaust holes 53a to 5, respectively, corresponding to the firing order of each cylinder 18 to 1n.
The intake valve 4a and exhaust valve 5a provided with 3n are connected to the cylinder 1a.
~1n and supported by bearings, and one end of each is connected to the carburetor and exhaust pipe.
■Although the case where # is rotated in the same direction is shown, it is also possible to rotate in the opposite direction. In this case, the carburetor and the exhaust pipe may be connected to an intermediate portion between the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5. Also,
In the above description, the present invention is applied to a gasoline engine, but it can also be applied to an exhaust valve of a diesel engine.

The structures of other parts are not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the following remarkable effects can be achieved.

(1) Camshafts, tappets, push ports and rads required for conventional intake and exhaust systems. Since rocker arms, umbrella-shaped intake and exhaust valves, and coil springs are no longer required, and it is only necessary to attach cylindrical intake and exhaust valves to the cylinder head, the structure is extremely simple and can be made more compact, reducing manufacturing costs. Not only can this reduce the amount of power lost, but also the power loss required to drive them can be reduced.

(2) There is almost no vibration or noise, so the engine speed can be increased.

■ Since there are no adjustment points, regular inspections and adjustments are not required.

(4) Since there are almost no wear parts, the service life can be extended.

(5) Around the intake and exhaust holes of the intake valve and exhaust valve,
Since it is completely sealed with the O-ring and sealing member, there is no risk of flammable gas leaking.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A, FIG. Its BB sectional view, Fig. 4(a)
-(d) are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a conventional gasoline engine. 1 Niji cylinder, 2: Piston, 3 Niji cylinder head, 3
1; Combustion chamber, 33, 34: Hole, 35° 36 = passage, 4:
Intake valve, 5: Exhaust valve, 41° 51: Main body, 42: Intake path, 52: Exhaust path, 43: Intake hole, 53: Exhaust hole, 44,
44a: First groove, 45, 45a: O ring, 4B, 4
6a: second groove, 47.47a: sealing material. Agent Patent Attorney Tadashi Sato Fig. 1 1; Tsurin 5" 3. Silisode No. 4. Lohai Valve 5: Temperature Valve 6.60: i! Car Fig. 5 Fig. 6

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] It has a cylindrical intake valve and an exhaust valve each having an intake hole or an exhaust hole at a position corresponding to the combustion chamber, and these intake valves and exhaust valves are arranged close to the fuel chamber in the cylinder. an intake/exhaust device rotatably disposed on the head, connecting the intake valve to the carburetor and the exhaust valve to the exhaust pipe, and transmitting the rotation of the crankshaft, the intake valve A first groove is provided in the circumferential direction on both sides of the intake hole and an exhaust hole of the exhaust valve in the axial direction, and an O-ring is mounted thereon, and the first groove is provided on both sides of the intake hole and the exhaust hole in the circumferential direction of the exhaust valve. An internal combustion engine characterized in that a second groove in the axial direction is provided between the grooves, and a sealing material is fitted into the second groove in the axial direction.