JPS6225196A - Uniform thick liquid detergent composition containing three-component detergent system - Google Patents

Abstract

Homogeneous concentrated liquid detergent compositions with a ternary surfactant system are disclosed. The ternary system contains two anionic surfactants, an alkyl (aryl) - sulfonate and a succinate, and a nonionic surfactant. The compositions exhibit a pH in the neutral to mildly alkaline domain. Preferred compositions additionally contain low level of oleic acid.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to concentrated, homogeneous liquid detergent compositions containing well-defined surfactant mixtures. More specifically, the composition is characterized by the utilization of a ternary surfactant system and contains less than 30% water. A ternary surfactant system is an anionic surfactant represented by a binary mixture of an alkyl (aryl) sulfonated surfactant and an alkyl or alkenyl succinate in a weight ratio of sulfonate to succinate of 3:/ to contains most of the surfactant and nonionic surfactant components.

The composition exhibits excellent and highly desirable cleaning power, is easy to prepare, and exhibits excellent stability during long-term storage.

Homogeneous concentrated heavy duty liquid detergents are well known in the art and have found commercial application.

Such compositions may consist of a ternary active yarn, ie a synthetic anionic sulfonate or sulfate in combination with a nonionic ethoxylate and a soap. Such prior art compositions are difficult to process, especially depending on alkalinity. The conventional technology @thick liquid detergent is
In this respect, it is susceptible to phase separation under neutral to slightly alkaline conditions.

A further consequence of this matrix criticality is that it is quite difficult to modify the matrix in order to enhance its performance with respect to staining/cleaning situations. From a detergency standpoint, the concentrated liquid compositions of the prior art show excellent cleaning on most fibers, while still achieving superior cleaning of granular wash 81+ with oxygen bleach-containing polyphosphate builders. Seitai Seven Thousand Pass 1.
It is known that desirable improvements can be made in terms of detergency of cellulose fibers.

The prior art for concentrated, uniform, heavy-duty liquid detergent compositions is diverse. - For example, U.S. Pat.
, Kog! ;, PI 1 discloses a builder-free, concentrated homogeneous liquid composition containing a combination of anionic synthetic surfactant compounds, nonionic surfactant compounds, and fatty acids. The preparation of such compositions containing less than 50% of water requires the utilization of substantial amounts of solvents and/or compatibilizers, and even under those circumstances, especially nonionic compounds, fatty acids, and especially It remains of borderline stability with respect to the amount and type of saturated compounds, and any electrolytes such as small amounts of organic builders.

Succinate ingredients are well known in the detergent art and have been disclosed in combination with all types of detergent formulations, mostly granular compositions. Although such succinates are recommended for use in liquid compositions, substantial formulation difficulties arise from their use in such compositions, especially in the presence of small amounts of water and substantial amounts of non-ionic compounds. It is well known that this will occur.

West German Patent No. 176g If! No. 1 relates to the use of certain succinate derivatives as foam enhancers. These compositions contain anionic surfactants alone and, in combination with additional hydrotropes, substantial amounts of water.

DE 1 QJ 4471 discloses two-component liquid formulations containing substantial amounts of alkyl or alkenyl succinates in combination with nonionic surfactants. German Patent No. 30/3qop relates to solid or liquid alkaline cleaning agent compositions containing partially neutralized succinic compounds which may be utilized for their foaming properties.

European Patent Application No. 00/'/q3r/ discloses that in a liquid detergent composition containing a large amount of an electrolyte, an alkyl or alkenyl succinate or a monoester thereof and a polyhydric alcohol to render the perfume aqueous. Regarding the combined use of

It is a primary object of the present invention to formulate homogeneous concentrated liquid detergent compositions that have outstanding performance properties comparable to those obtainable from polyphosphate builder granular detergent compositions containing oxygen bleaches.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a homogeneous high-strength surfactant system containing substantial amounts of anionic sulfonate and succinate based ternary surfactant systems in combination with nonionic ethoxylates, but less than 0% water. The purpose is to formulate a concentrated liquid detergent composition.

Yet another object of the present invention is to define highly concentrated, shelf-stable liquid detergent compositions that have excellent laundry cleaning properties under neutral to slightly alkaline conditions.

The present invention relates to homogeneous concentrated liquid detergent compositions having less than 30% line weight and containing a ternary surfactant system. In particular, the composition comprises: (a) a ternary surfactant system of 35% to 75%;
) represents 50% to 90% of the ternary surfactant system,
and (1) an alkyl (aryl) sulfonated surfactant and (2) formula% (wherein R1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 70 to J carbon atoms, and R2 is hydrogen or 01 to C
4 alkyl) with an alkyl or alkenyl succinate (the weight ratio of sulfonate to succinate is in the range 3:2 to /:'!') , and (c) characterized by the presence of a nonionic surfactant component representing 577% to 70% of the ternary surfactant system,
The composition has a pH of about 7 as measured in solution at 9°C.
~ has about 9.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention may be embodied in highly concentrated homogeneous liquid detergent compositions containing a ternary surfactant system and having a pH within the neutral to slightly alkaline range.

The essential parameters that qualify the invention are detailed below.

Unless otherwise specified, "C" means "weight t%" of the composition.
” means.

The anionic surfactant component is 30% of the three-component surfactant system.
(1) an alkyl (aryl) sulfonated surfactant and (2) a formula (%) (wherein R4 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having a carbon number of 10-ffl; R2 is hydrogen or C
1-C4 alkyl) with an alkyl or alkenyl succinate (the weight ratio of sulfonate to succinate is in the range from 3 to 3).

Anionic sulfonate surfactants include all alkyl (aryl) sulfonated surfactants that are known to be suitable for use in liquid detergent compositions and are in fact widely used in commercial detergent formulations. can be represented by

Such anionic synthetic sulfonates have the general formula R'5
06M (wherein R1 is a straight chain or branched alkyl group having a carbon number of g to about J and a carbon number of about 1 in the alkyl group)
0 to about /j). M is typically sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, monoalkanol ammonium,
The salt-forming cation is selected from the group consisting of dialkanol ammonium, trialkanol ammonium, and mixtures thereof.

Preferred synthetic anionic sulfonate surfactants are water-soluble salts of alkylbenzene sulfonic acids having from about 10 to about 7 grams of carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and most preferred for use in the present invention have from about 10 to about 7 grams of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain. l-~/&
(C1□ to C16).

An alkyl or alkenyl succinate is an unsaturated derivative of the above formula (wherein R1 is either a saturated or unsaturated group having 10-r carbon atoms, preferably an unsaturated derivative having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkenyl moiety). have). Although hydrogen is preferred, R2 can be hydrogen or 01-C4 alkyl. "Succinate" and "Succinic acid"
The terms are used interchangeably. Suitable succinates include sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, mono-, di- and trialkanolamine salts and mixtures thereof.

Preferred succinic acid derivatives for use in the present invention are codedecenylsuccinic acid, λ-tetradecenylsuccinic acid, cohexadecenylsuccinic acid, decylsuccinic acid, dodecylsuccinic acid and tetradecylsuccinic acid and water-soluble salts.

The alkyl or alkenyl chain attached to succinic acid is
Can be either linear or branched. Straight chain alkyl or alkenyl moieties are preferred.

The weight ratio of sulfonate to succinate surfactant in the binary mixture is within the range of 3:/ to/: II, preferably from 3:/ to/: II.

Ternary surfactant systems typically contain between 35% and 75% of the composition.
represents. The anionic surfactant component is defined in monosalt form.

The nonionic surfactant component contains an organic hydrophobic group condensed with an ethylene oxide hydrophilic moiety. All ethoxylated nonionic surfactants known to be suitable for use in detergent applications may be used in the compositions of the present invention. The nonionic surfactant preferred in the present invention has a carbon number of g
- derived from primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols having a rating of about 1 g
-15. These preferred ethoxylates often contain from 1 to about F moles of ethylene oxide per mole of hydrophobic moiety. The hydrocarbin chain (hydrophobic part) can be represented by a linear or branched fatty alcohol.

A preferred class of nonionic ethoxylates is represented by the condensate of a fatty alcohol having carbon numbers/co to /k with about to 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of fatty alcohol. Preferred species of ethoxylates of this type include C12-C15 oxoalcohols 1
Condensate with 7 moles of ethylene oxide per mole; C1
Condensation product of 3-15 oxo alcohol and 5 moles of ethylene oxide; narrow cut
Condensation products of C14-C15 oxo alcohols per mole of fatty (oxo)alcohol or with 9 moles of ethylene oxide; narrow-cut C12-C13 fatty (oxo)alcohols per mole of fatty alcohol F) A,
! ; condensates with moles of engineered tylene oxide; and condensates of C1o-C14 coconut fatty alcohols with degree of ethoxylation (mol EO/mol fatty alcohol) s-g. Fatty oxo alcohols are primarily linear but can have a degree of branching, in particular short chains, for example methyl branches, depending on the processing conditions and the raw olefin. Degrees of branching in the range of 15% to SO% (wt%) are often found in commercial oxo alcohols.

Preferred nonionic ethoxylated components may also be represented by mixtures of separately ethoxylated nonionic surfactants having different degrees of ethoxylation. for example,
Non-ionic ethoxylates can be used in amounts ranging from 3 to 1 mole of hydrophobic moiety.
It may be represented by a mixture of a first ethoxylated surfactant containing 7 moles of ethylene oxide and a second ethoxylated surfactant having from 3 to 79 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of hydrophobic moiety. A preferred nonionic ethoxylation mixture is C1□ having up to 410% (heavy H)
~C15 oxo alcohol and fatty oxo alcohol/approximately 3 to 7 moles of ethylene oxy i
□□ Lower ethoxylates that are condensates with
1 mole of oxo alcohols and branched oxo alcohols
/contains about g to /4'mol of higher ethoxylates which are condensed with ethylene oxide.
1゛.

The nonionic surfactant component is a ternary surfactant
.

It represents the SO ratio of the system to 10%, preferably /j-.

4 eu 4 □, yo. . 2.82, ~'10% t t
': have.
- This composition was further measured as a 1% aqueous solution at 3°C.

It is characterized by a pH of about 7 to about 0.

This pH range means that the anionic surfactant components, i.e., the sulfonate and succinate, and the binary mixture, particularly the succinate, are substantially completely present in the composition as is (i.e., 9
greater than 0%) indicates neutralization.

In addition to the above essential ingredients, the compositions often contain a series of optional ingredients used for their known functions in conventional amounts.

Examples of such optional ingredients are saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acids and corresponding soaps, synthetic anionic surfactants different from sulfonates (non-sulfonate anionic surfactants), water-insoluble solvents, enzymes, Enzyme stabilizers, polyacids, antifoam agents, brighteners, fragrances, dyes, antioxidants, bactericides, corrosion inhibitors, fabric softeners, phase modifiers, and the like can be included.

Suitable saturated or unsaturated fatty acids have carbon numbers in the alkyl chain from IO to/g. Number of carbon atoms in alkyl chain/41
The unsaturated species having ~/g is preferred, most preferably oleic acid. Corresponding soaps may be used equivalently. Any fatty acids/soaps may make up up to 10 parts of the composition,
Preferably it is used in an amount of 1 chill ff%. Above all,
Fatty acids/soaps act as foam control/antifoam agents.

Synthetic non-sulfonate anionic surfactants may also be present in relatively small amounts in the composition, such as in ternary surfactant systems.
may be used in amounts not exceeding %. Examples of suitable non-sulfonate anionic surfactants include carbon numbers/
salts of sulfated fatty alcohols having co-m.

Also, water-insoluble solvents such as terpenes, phthalates and liquid paraffins may be used in amounts generally less than K j -%.
, 1□ Detergent enzymes generally aid in the removal of certain stains.
5 and increase. Preferred enzymes include proteases,
A: Bemirase, lipase, glucose oxidase,
.

□１＼ Expressed by cellulases, or mixtures thereof □ can be done. Protease and amylase are Preferred in the liquid concentrate compositions of the invention. Those are shi.

□ Often used in amounts of about 0.0/% to about 1%.
1.] All commonly known enzyme stabilization systems are based on this composition.
□ Can be used in technically established amounts in products. Examples of suitable stabilizing systems include small amounts of calcium, boric acid and
□Short chain C1 in combination with its water-soluble salt (possibly in combination with polyol “□)”
4 carboxylic acids, especially formic acid.
.

Another preferred optional component is about 0.0! r% ~ approx. flathead,
′,″ amount of polyacid or mixture of polyacids
) to be done. Preferred polyacids are those having a pK value of at least 5. Preferred polyacid species for use in the present invention are organophosphonic acids, particularly alkylene-polyamin-polyalkylenephosphonic acids, For example, it can be represented by ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, and diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid or salts thereof.

Non-fatty acid detergent antifoam agents can also be used. The preferred one is
Includes alkylated polysiloxanes such as dimethylpolysiloxane, often referred to as silicones. Silicones are often present in amounts not exceeding 0.003%, most preferably from 0.0/% to 0.003%. Used in flathead amounts.

The present compositions also contain known antioxidants, often radical scavengers, in art-established amounts, i.e. 0.0% to 0.23% (total composition) due to their known utility. ) can be contained.

These antioxidants are often introduced together with unsaturated organic acids. Although many suitable antioxidants are readily known and available for that purpose, additional antioxidants are commonly known as butylated hydroxytoluene BHT.
t-Butyl-p-cresol, Oyohi 2-tert-
Butyl-guhydroxyanisole is particularly preferred for use in the present compositions.

Other suitable antioxidants are u,lI'-thiobis(6-
tert-butyl-m-cresol) and cometeruda, 6-ditunylphenol.

Soil release polymers can also be included in the composition. Suitable types of such soil release polymers are described in US patent application Ser.

Phase modifiers are yet another optional ingredient in the composition. This component together with water can constitute the solvent matrix for the concentrated liquid compositions of the present invention.

Suitable components include lower aliphatic alcohols having 6 to 6 carbon atoms and 7 to 3 hydroxyl groups, ethers of diethylene glycol, and lower aliphatic monoalcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Specific examples of phase modifiers are ethanol; n-propanol; isopropanol; butanol; /, 2-propanediol; /, 3-propanediol; monomethyl-, ethyl- of diethylene glycol.
, propyl-1 and motubutyl ether.

The invention is illustrated and clarified by the following examples.

Example I By mixing the indicated ingredients in the following proportions:
A liquid detergent composition according to the invention is prepared.

Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid/θ, - C1o condensed with 7 moles of ethylene oxide per 7 moles of fatty alcohol //,! ;~C1
5 oxo alcohol decenyl succinic acid 15. - C12-C14 alcohol triethanosulfate 9. −
Monolamine oleic acid <z,-triethanol-7 5. -Sodium hydroxide” 6.-Ethanol
7. −Water
32. -Miscellaneous components, trace components Remaining neutralizer that produces a pH of 7.4
RIEL), a granular tripolyphosphate builder detergent containing oxygen bleach. The test is carried out in a horizontal drum bed machine in cycles up to AO°C.

Comparative performance of various artificial stains, such as fishing whitening agents - pilder-sensitive stains, enzyme-sensitive stains, granular stains and grease -
Cotton cloth stained with oil stains) Measure the IJ knob.

The composition according to the invention is effective against all types of stains.
It is found to provide fabric cleaning performance comparable to that obtained from Ariel.

The liquid composition of Example I also contains 4("C to SO"cVc
It was found to remain homogeneous and stable at varying temperatures (both after two weeks of storage and also after exposure to several freeze-thaw cycles).

The following examples illustrate additional formulations of the invention.

CAS: Sodium salt of eicosene alpha sulfonic acid TEACnAS: Coconut (C) Alcohol-12
~14 triethanolamine sulfate CX-yEOn: n moles of ethyleneoxytothiethoxylated CX-alcohol Cr-yEOnS = sodium salt of sulfated Cx-yF:, On DSA: λ-dodecenylsuccinic acid H
DSA: Dodecylsuccinic acid TSA:
, 2-tetradecenylsuccinic acid 012-,4FA: Coconut fatty acid DETPMP: Diethylenetriaminopentamethylphosphonic acid TEA:) Reethanolamine TPG-EO3o: Poly(terephthalate propylene glycol ester ethoxylated with approx. 30 moles of ethylene oxide) ) /' ■ ■ Cl2HLAS
G! ;/Evening.

C1,5HLAS 20ES CX6-18EO11 C13-15EO7 01M-15g05
/3C13-15EO47 C16-18EO2S DSA
/! ; /3; .

DSA 5A TEA CnAS
'ICI2-14FA Oleic acid Hirocitric acid
09 10 +DETPM
P OlK O,9I
TPG-EOO8! ; Ethanol ggTEA
! ;! ;N
aOH as it is pH Water JO
3gMiscellaneous ingredients including whitening agents, enzymes, and beautifying agents Remainder Remainder 3IV V VI Vll
VI IX
m XILI (heavy f chi) '0 - // /θ l
, g/l-/Hiro glyu S lλ /ζs 6is /ko /2
/, 2 10'/

/Guku 6'ko 5/3
/j /! ; 1
0 15 If/
! ; Da 3
3

'IS S 5 Gri
g
3 3 da70.2 /, 0 0.2 /, 0 0. Ko /,
OO, ko /, 0 /, 0 0. ! ;), 9 0.
& 0.9 0. /, 0.9 0.4 0
,9 0. De o, q o, g S 6 5 g l
OA A If
5 10 g4 (ta)
Aj II
μ II 55g7j～
Neutralizes acid components up to 76g? A32. 79 3! ,
72. 7/ 35 39 33
30 Hikibe

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A homogeneous concentrated aqueous liquid detergent composition containing less than 50% by weight water, a ternary anionic-nonionic surfactant system, and, if desired, conventional additives, comprising: (a a) the ternary surfactant system represents 35-75% by weight of the composition; (b) the anionic surfactant component represents 50-90% by weight of the ternary surfactant system; and (1) Alkyl (aryl) sulfonated surfactant and formula (2) ▲ Numerical formula, chemical formula, table, etc. ▼ (In the formula, R_1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and R_2 is hydrogen or C
_1-C_4 alkyl) with an alkyl or alkenyl succinate (the weight ratio of sulfonate to succinate is within the range of 3:1 to 1:4), and (c) The nonionic surfactant component represents 50% to 10% of the ternary surfactant system and is a homogeneous concentrated aqueous liquid characterized by having a pH of about 7 to about 9 as measured in a 1% solution at 20°C. Detergent composition. 2. The alkyl (aryl) sulfonate is an alkylbenzene sulfonate having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and the salt-forming cation is sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, monoalkanol ammonium, dialkanol ammonium, trialkanol. A composition according to claim 1 which is ammonium and mixtures thereof. 3. Alkyl or alkenyl succinate is 2-dodecenylsuccinic acid, 2-tetradecenylsuccinic acid, 2-
A composition according to claim 1 selected from the group of hexadecenylsuccinic acid, decylsuccinic acid, dodecylsuccinic acid and tetradecylsuccinic acid and water-soluble salts thereof. 4, the alkyl or alkenyl group is a straight chain moiety,
4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of sulfonate surfactant to succinate surfactant is within the range of 2:1 to 1:2. 5. A composition according to claim 3, wherein the nonionic surfactant component represents 15 to 40% by weight of the ternary surfactant system. 6. Claim 1 containing 15 to 40% by weight of water
The composition described in Section. 7. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising 1 to 8% by weight of C_1_0 to C_1_8 fatty acids. 8. The composition according to claim 7, further comprising 0.01 to 0.25% by weight of an antioxidant. 9. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid is oleic acid.