JPS62197495A - Liquid detergent having improved softness imparting characteristic - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application: The present invention provides anionic and nonionic surfactants and improved cleaning efficiency and improved flexibility in the absence of quaternary ammonium softener compounds. Novel fabric softener-containing detergent liquid compositions for use during fabric laundering, comprising an amount of alkyl glycosides effective to provide

Prior Art: The use of a wide variety of chemicals, and especially cationic quaternary ammonium compounds, as softening agents for textiles is well known in the art. It is also well known to use such substances for their softening effect during laundry operations and especially in the rinse cycle of the laundry process. This latter approach was not compatible with anionic surfactants, one of the major types of detergents used in wash cycles, since the quaternary compounds used heretofore are primarily cationic. Additionally, cationic quaternary compounds are relatively ineffective in the presence of nonionic detergents.

It is also well known that when treated with said quaternary compounds, laundry tends to yellow or discolor; By interfering with the adhesion of the agent to the fabric, the brightener performance of the detergent composition containing the brightener is diminished.

Yet another disadvantage of cationic quaternary ammonium antistatic softeners is their inhibition of detergent detergency by reducing the desorption of soils brought about by detergents, resulting in reduced cleaning effectiveness. become. The presence of anionic surfactant materials negates the ability of cationic quaternary ammonium compounds to soften fabrics.

Therefore, the quaternary agent may be combined with a compound intended to neutralize these conflicting cleaning properties, or the quaternary softener may be combined with other compounds to improve cleaning efficiency. has been replaced by fabric softener.

Higher alkyl monoglycosides and higher alkyl polyglycosides useful as detergents, fabric softeners, surfactants, gelling agents, food emulsifiers, and lubricants; and methods for their production are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,598,865. , same No. 3,
No. 707,535, No. 3.839,318, No. 3
, No. 772,269, and No. 3,219,656.

U.S. Patent No. 3,721,633 and U.S. Patent No. 4.483
, 787; European Patent No. 0.070.074, European Patent No. 0
．． No. 070,075, No. 0.070,076, and No. 0.092,877, higher alkyl polyglycosides are used as nonionic surfactants in various detergent compositions. Used with activators.

Higher alkyl polyglycosides are also described in U.S. Pat.
No. 483,779, European Patent No. 0.075,994,
Same No. 0.075,995 and Same No. 0.075,99
No. 6, it is used to improve the detergency of nonionic surfactants in laundry compositions.

Prior art includes U.S. Patent No. 4,493,773, European Patent No. 0.094,118, and European Patent No. 106,692.
Detergent formulations containing alkyl polyglycosides, conventional nonionic surfactants, and cationic fabric softening compounds to provide both softness and detergency properties during laundering. disclosing something. However, these patents clearly exclude anionic surfactants which would be detrimental to the composition.

European Patent No. 0.015,556 consists of large amounts of anionic surfactants and small amounts of higher alkyl polyglycosides and nonionic surfactants that can be used to clean and stain surfaces such as glass, ceramics, and metals. Discloses a liquid dishwashing detergent that can promote rapid and relatively complete drainage of wash water to reduce tension.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,488,981 describes nonionic and/or
or in detergent compositions containing anionic and/or cationic surfactants Z, 1 to 10% C, as a solubilizer, i.e. to reduce viscosity and prevent phase separation.
-C, alkyl glycosides are disclosed.

However, the examples cited in the prior art all contain effective softening amounts of alkyl glycosides that also improve detergency properties, and essentially large amounts of nonionic surfactants and small amounts of anionic surfactants. There is no disclosure of detergent compositions containing liquid softeners that contain the essential three components of a surfactant system consisting of an active agent and that simultaneously clean and soften fabrics.

Problems that the invention seeks to solve: Addition of an alkyl polyglycoside surfactant to a stable liquid detergent composition provides fabric softening properties in the absence of any other known softeners, and It has now been found to increase the cleaning power of nonionic-anionic surfactant systems.

Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide liquid detergent compositions that have fabric softening properties and excellent cleaning efficiency in the absence of cationic quaternary ammonium softener compounds.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid detergent composition comprising as essential three components an alkyl glycoside, a nonionic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant, which simultaneously cleans and softens fabrics during the laundering process. That's true.

Yet another object of the invention is to exploit the presence of alkyl glycosides in detergent compositions comprising a mixture of non-ionic and anionic surfactants to provide liquid detergents with improved cleaning and softening properties. It is to provide a formulation.

Other objects, advantages, and novel features of the invention will be set forth in part in the following description, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following discussion, or may be apparent to those skilled in the art from the practice of the invention.
You can find out.

The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

To achieve the foregoing and other objects, and in accordance with the present invention, the liquid detergent composition for washing fabrics of the present invention, as embodied and extensively described herein, comprises the essential three Ingredients: an alkyl glycoside in an amount effective to soften the fabric in the absence of the quaternary ammonium softener compound in the aqueous carrier, a large amount of a nonionic surfactant, and a small amount of a 7-ionic surfactant. A method for cleaning fabrics and softening them at the same time without deteriorating the detergency properties of brighteners is to treat fabrics with the composition during the wash cycle of laundry operations. .

Means for Solving the Problems: Particularly, the present invention provides fabric softening amounts of C,- in an amount of at least about 6% by weight and up to about 30% by weight.
C8° alkyl monoglycoside or a, -C3° alkyl polyglycoside, a large amount of nonionic surfactant, about 15 to 30% by weight, and a small amount of anionic surfactant, about 4 to 12% by weight, incorporated in an aqueous carrier. 4th
The present invention relates to stable liquid detergent compositions free of class ammonium softener compounds.

Alkyl glycosides increase the detergency of nonionic-anionic surfactant systems while also acting as fabric softeners. Does the alkyl glycoside have the advantage of adsorbing onto the surface of the fabric and changing the structure of the fabric, thereby imparting flexibility? It is considered to give. The alkyl glycoside breaks the hydrogen bond 41-Y: to form a quaternary ammonium softener compound, C, which also has an affinity for fabrics, resulting in superior properties to fabrics even in the absence of a quaternary ammonium softener compound. This is thought to provide additional flexibility. Alkyl glycosides do not interfere with detergency/brightener properties, which is a common problem with fabric softener-containing detergents. There are no problems with oil stains or water repellents.

The alkyl glycoside used in the novel fabric softener combination detergent of the present invention has one or more hydrophobic groups having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms,
Preferably, it has a hydrophilic glycoside group containing about 1 to 3 saccharide groups. Alkyl glycosides can be represented by the following formula.

That is, RO(R' O) x Z n-where R is c,
-c,.

Alkyl group 'Y, (R'O) is ethoxy, propoxy,
or a glyceryl group "It", where X has a value of O to 10 and preferably 0, and 2 is a 5 or 6 carbon atom.
a reduced saccharide group containing X atom χ, and n is 1
It shall have a numerical value of from 1.0 to 10, preferably from 1.0 to 3. The hydrophobic alkyl group may be saturated or unsaturated, straight chain or branched, preferably a saturated straight chain containing from 5 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to 23 carbon atoms. be. Suitable alkyl polyglycosides include methyl, ethyl, globyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, trickle, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl,
and mixtures thereof, such as monoglycosides, diglycosides, triglycosides, tetraglycosides, pentaglycosides, and hexaglycosides. The glycoside unit can be glucose, galactose, manonose, lactose, sugar/fructose. The method for producing the above glycosides is disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,598,865, 3,707,535, and 3,839,318.
Same No. 3,772,269 and No. 3,219,65
No. 6, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. The addition of alkyl glycosides to detergents not only increases cleaning efficiency but also provides fabric softening properties. The amount of glycoside should be sufficient to soften the fabric in the absence of a known softener, such as one of the cationic quaternary ammonium softeners, and should be sufficient to soften the fabric in the absence of at least about 6 layers of the composition. up to 30% by weight.

Using glucose (APG-23-1) with a CI4-013 carbon chain attached to an anomeric carbon, 3?
A cycle cleaning load softening test was conducted. Controls used were 5olo = 10 and DAB = 1.

Another formulation using monotallow trimethylammonium sulfate (MQuat 620) was also included in the test. All softeners were added at a level of 6%. Five inspectors evaluated the products.

apG23-1 6.8 1.8M Q
uat 620 4.6 1.0 3rd Waotshu Cycle APG 23-1 7.6 1.
4M Quat 620 6.4
2.4 The unexpected superiority of alkyl glycosides as fabric softeners over prior art quaternary fabric softeners shown above relates to the use of said quaternary compounds in detergent compositions. This avoids the inherent problems of According to the present invention, nonionic surfactants used as detergents for fabrics are commercially well known, and are grade 1. Aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, secondary aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, and Plurafacs
(Wyandotte)), and mixtures thereof. Nonionic synthetic organic detergents are generally condensates of organic aliphatic or alkyl aromatic hydrophobic compounds and hydrophilic ethylene oxide groups. Practically any hydrophobic compound having a galboxy, hydroxy, amido, or amino group with a free hydrogen attached to the nitrogen can also be condensed with ethylene oxide, or its polyhydrate polyethylene glycol, to form a nonionic detergent. be able to. Additionally, the length of the polyethenoxy chain can be adjusted to obtain the desired parity between the hydrophobic and aqueous components.

Non-ionic detergents include polyethylene oxide condensates of 1 mole of alkylphenols containing about 6 to 12 carbon atoms in a linear or branched chain arrangement and about 6 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, such as 9 moles of ethylene oxide. There is nonylphenol condensed with tele/oxide, dodecylphenol condensed with 15 moles of ethylene oxide. Also suitable are condensates of the corresponding alkylthiophenols with 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide.

A condensate of a higher alcohol (e.g., an alkanol containing about 8 to 18 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain arrangement) condensed with about 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, such as a condensate of about 16 moles of ethylene oxide. Lauryl-myristyl alcohol is also considered a type of nonionic detergent.

A preferred type of nonionic surfactant is about 10 to 18
Higher aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates having about 5 to 20 ethyleneoxy groups per mole of aliphatic alcohol containing 12 carbon atoms, e.g. Cat-C+s flukanol condensed with 6.5 mol ethylene oxide, 12
ctt-c+s alkanol condensed with moles of ethylene oxide, CI condensed with 13 moles of ethylene oxide
NeocLo ethoxylate such as 4-CI5 alkanol (Shell)
s (Shell COl)], has a low IILB (hydrophilicity and lipophilicity balance) value (8 EL), contains less than 5 ethylene oxy groups, and has a low emulsifier and a low nonionic detergent to prevent slippage. Thus, ethoxamers with HIJB values of about 8 to 15 give good oil-in-water emulsions. The nonionic surfactant is present in the detergent composition in an amount greater than the anionic surfactant content, about 15 to 30% by weight. The nonionic surfactants, ie the nonionic alcohol ethoxylates defined above, constitute the main detergent component of the present invention.

The anionic surfactants used in the detergents of the present invention are commercially well known and include acetic acid, alkylbenzene sulfonic acids and their salts, such as compounds of the formula: i.e. alkyl-phenyl-80,-M.

Alkyl here refers to an alkyl group from C3 to ctts and preferably from C5° to CI8, and M represents hydrogen or an alkali metal. The compounds are of the well known class of anionic detergents, including sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium laurylbenzenesulfonate, and sodium cetylbenzenesulfonate. Besides that,
There are paraffin sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alcohol ether sulfates, olefin sulfonates, and alkylphenol ethoxylate sulfates (eg, dinonylphenoxynonaethoxyethanol sulfate sodium salt), and other corresponding water-soluble salts, especially alkali metal salts.

Among the above alkylbenzenesulfonic acids and their salts, preferred compounds include biodegradable compounds and C1
゜ or Ctt, and preferably Cat or "Ill"
Included are compounds that are particularly characterized by linear alkyl substituents. It is of course understood that the carbon chain length generally represents the average chain length, since the process for making such products typically employs mixed chain length alkylating reagents. However, substantially pure olefins, as well as alkylating compounds used in other techniques, are alkylated where the alkyl moieties are essentially (i.e., at least 99%) of a single chain length, ie, CIf e C13a CI4, or CI8. It is clear that benzene sulfonate can and does be provided. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates are further characterized by the position of the benzene ring in the linear alkyl chain; isomers at any position (ie, alpha to omega) are available and expected.

Benzene sulfonate hot) 'VC, to: r-7,
−? Lower alkyl (C, to 04) analogs of silane, trimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, inglobilbenzene and the like can also be used.

Sulfonates are usually used in the form of water-soluble salts containing alkali metal, ammonium and lower amine and alkanolamine cations as cations.

Examples of suitable linear alkylbenzene sulfonates include: Namely, sodium n-decylbenzenesulfonate/sodium n-dodecylbenzenesulfonate n-7'') sodium rabsylbenzenesulfonate n-sodium pentadecylbenzenesulfonate n-
Sodium hexadecylbenzene sulfo/acid and the corresponding lower alkyl congeners of benzene and cationic salts as described above. Needless to say, mixtures of these sulfonates can be used to form compounds with linear alkyl chains as short or long as shown here, as long as the average chain length of the mixture meets the specified conditions of CIO to CO. It is also possible to use mixtures that can contain

Linear paraffin sulfonates are also a well-known class of compounds, including the following water-soluble salts (alkali metals, amines, alkanolamines, and ammonium): 1-decanesulfo/acid 1-dodecanesulfonic acid 1-tridecane Sulfonic acid 1-tetradecane sulfo/acid 1-pe/tadecane sulfo/acid 1-hexadecane sulfone as well as isomers at other positions of the sulfonic acid group.

In addition to the paraffin sulfonates mentioned above, other sulfonates having alkyls in the general range C1° to Ctt can also be used, but the optimum range is C1! to C1O.

The linear alkyl sulfates contemplated by this invention range from C1° to C1°. Specific examples include n-decyl sulfate sodium salt, n-dodecyl sulfate sodium salt, n-hexadecyl sulfur ester sodium salt, n-heptadecyl sulfate sodium salt,
- Octadecyl sulfate ester sodium salt and ethoxylated alcohol sulfate f) L') tx 1-'
l-/(1 to 100 moles ethylene oxide) derivatives, and, of course, the other water-soluble salt-forming cation terms mentioned above.

The types of anionic detergents listed above as suitable for the present invention include olefin sulfates, as well as long chain alkenesulfonates, long chain hydroxyalkanesulfonates, and disulfonates. Examples of suitable olefin sulfonates of general type include sodium 1-dodecylsulfonate, sodium 2-tetradecylsulfonate, sodium 1-hexadecylsulfonate, and sodium 1-octadecylsulfonate.

The amount of anionic surfactant used in the present invention is as low as the nonionic (ethoxylated fatty alcohol) surfactant content (by weight), and preferably 50% by weight of the nonionic surfactant content. It constitutes at least about 4 to 12% by weight of the composition.

The detergent composition of the present invention may contain a fluorescent brightener, a disinfectant, a soil suspending agent, an anti-redeposition agent, an antioxidant, and a light coloring agent, as long as the detergency and softening ability of the composition are not hindered. Substances (dyes and pigments), fragrances, water-soluble alcohols, foam boosters, solubilizers such as sodium and potassium xylene sulfonate, sodium and potassium toluene sulfonate, cumene sulfonate, ethylbenzene sulfonate, etc., enzymes and enzyme stabilizers, and tripolyphosphate;
Conventional laundry additives such as builders such as bicarbonate may be included.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The following examples are merely illustrative of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Example 1 0.12-15: 7 mole ethoxylated alcohol 20.0% (Shell Neodol 25-7
) Dotesylbenzenesulfonate 4.0% Methyl glucoside 6.0% Ethanol 4.0
% Sodium xylene sulfonate
4.0% triethanolamine
1.0 Fragrance 0.4 Colorant 0.5 Water A liquid detergent is prepared by mixing the above ingredients until homogeneous in sufficient quantity to form a stable liquid composition.

Example 2 Detergent Detergent 21% Neodol 25-74%
Dotecil penzey sodium sulfonate 6
% Methyl glycoside 0.4% Brightener 8% Ethanol 5% Sodium xylene sulfonate 0.5
% Colorant Sufficient Water This formulation was tested in a 5 cycle, 6 bond clean load flexibility test using 5010 as a control which has the highest flexibility (10). As can be seen in Table 1, the flexibility rating for this formulation is 7.2 (average of the flexibility values after the 1st, 3rd, and 5th cycle) and 5o1
It is better than o. The flexibility rating ranges from 1 (worst to the touch) to 10 (most flexible). Products 1 and 2 with quaternary softeners have compositions with low softening properties due to the lack of glycosides (each with 5
．． 9 and 5.8). Using quaternary softeners and glycosides together improves the softness rating to 6 and 6.8 (Products 3 and 4). However, superior softening properties over conventional quaternary softeners are obtained by the use of alkyl glycosides alone (Product 5).

Table 1 below summarizes the brightness and charging results of the 5 cycle flexibility/charging/brightener test for the 5-cycle test product Mold 2a control. The fluorescence of the wooden pieces is expressed as a measure of brightener effectiveness (R1+).

The above results demonstrate that methyl glucoside provides superior flexibility benefits to fabrics. Experimental results also show that glycosides provide superior brightening benefits to liquid formulations. However, without the quaternary softener, no static control is achieved.

Detergents containing effective amounts of fabric softening furkyl glycosides surprisingly improve the detergency and softening properties of detergent compositions in the absence of conventional softeners such as quaternary ammonium compounds. It was found that it improved. This is clearly evidenced by product 5 in Table 1, which contains 6% methyl glycosides. Similarly, product 5 is similar to products 1.2, 3. and 4-K9 also exhibit excellent brightness after the first, third, and fifth wash cycles.

Products range from the most flexible (10) to the least textured (1).

=10 as a control, the above composition was subjected to three cycles of 1% bottle/bottle clean cloth loading test to confirm the softening properties of the alkyl glycosides. Example 8 includes a quaternary ammonium softener in place of the alkyl glycoside.

Example 3 6.8 4.4 Example 4 5.2 3.8 Example 5 5.6 4.0 Example 6 5.2 6.2 Example 7
3.6 3.0 Example 8
3.6 6.4Solo (control) 9.8 10.
0 These results demonstrate that in the absence of a quaternary ammonium softener, in a nonionic-anionic surfactant system where the nonionic surfactant is the primary detergent, supplemented by a small amount of anionic surfactant, Figure 2 illustrates that detergent compositions containing furkyl glycosides exhibit fabric softening properties.

Amounts of as little as 60% of alkyl glycosides are effective in improving both the detergency and softening properties of detergent compositions used in fabric laundering. Furthermore, the present formulation
As can be seen from the comparative experimental results in the table, other surfactant and/or softener combinations currently available on the market also exhibit superior cleaning and softening effects.

It will be understood that the foregoing detailed description is given by way of example only and that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. The foregoing "Summary" is intended solely for the convenience of the technical researcher and is not intended to have any bearing on the scope of the invention.

(5 other people)

Claims (16)

[Claims] (1) Three essential ingredients: an effective amount of alkyl glycoside to soften the fabric in the absence of a quaternary ammonium softener compound, a major amount of nonionic surfactant, and a minor amount of anionic surfactant. A liquid detergent composition contained in an aqueous carrier that simultaneously cleans and softens fabrics. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the amount of alkyl glycoside is at least about 6% by weight and up to about 30% by weight. (3) The alkyl glycoside has one or more hydrophobic groups containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms per hydrophobic group, and one hydrophilic glycoside group containing 1 to 10 reducing saccharide groups. A composition according to claim 1. (4) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the alkyl glycoside is a C1-C30 alkyl monoglycoside or polyglycoside. (5) The composition according to claim 4, wherein the alkyl glycoside is a C12-C13 alkyl glycoside. (6) The composition according to claim 4, wherein the glycoside is methyl glycoside. (7) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the glycoside is a C12-C13 alkyl triglycoside. (8) The nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of primary aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, secondary aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, alcohol ethylene oxide-propylene oxide condensates, and mixtures thereof. The composition according to claim 1. (9) The nonionic surfactant is about 15 to 30% by weight.
9. The composition according to claim 8, comprising: (10) The composition according to claim 8, wherein the nonionic surfactant is a C12-C15 aliphatic alcohol having 7 ethyleneoxy groups per mole of alcohol. (11) The composition of claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alkylbenzene sulfonates, alcohol ether sulfates, olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, and ethoxylated alcohol sulfates. (12) The composition according to claim 11, wherein the anionic surfactant content is less than 50% by weight of the nonionic surfactant content. 13. The composition of claim 11, wherein said anionic surfactant comprises about 4 to 12% by weight of said composition. (14) The composition according to claim 11, wherein the anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzelsulfonate. (15) The composition according to claim 1, which does not contain a quaternary ammonium softener compound. (16) In the wash cycle of a laundry operation, the fabric is treated with the composition according to claim 1, and the fabric is washed without reducing the performance of the brightener and the detergency, And how to be flexible at the same time.