JPS62181501A - Coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal two-polarized wave - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease the length of a main waveguide in the guide axis direction and to simplify the adjusting mechanism of an antenna by supporting a couple of L-shaped antennas by a common end plate, enclosing the peripheral of the guide axis parallel part of at least one L-shaped antenna by a coaxial guide and turning freely the end plate to the main waveguide. CONSTITUTION:A couple of L-shaped antennas 11, 12 are supported to an end plate 2 of a main waveguide 1 with a different position and mutual guide axis parallel parts 11A, 12A are connected electrically to the center conductor of coaxial parts 9, 10 penetrating the end plate 2. Further, the L-shaped antennas 11, 12 are directed so that guide axis orthogonal parts 11C, 12C provided respectively to the tip of the parallel parts 11A, 12A via bent parts 11B, 12B are made orthogonal. Thus, the mutual interference is eliminated. In supporting a couple of the L-shaped antennas 11, 12 both to the end plate 2, the size of the main waveguide 1 in the guide axis direction is reduced. Moreover, the end plate 2 supporting both the L-shaped antennas 11, 12 and one or both the coaxial guides 15, 16 is made turnable freely around the axis center of the main waveguide 1. Thus, the direction of the L-shaped antennas 11, 12 is corrected without turning the main waveguide 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a coaxial waveguide converter for two orthogonal polarized waves used in a transmission system for horizontally and vertically orthogonally polarized waves in a microwave band.

[Prior Art] A conventional circumferential waveguide converter for two orthogonal polarizations for simultaneously receiving horizontal and vertical orthogonal polarizations has a cylindrical shape as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. A linear antenna 3 is provided in the main wave pipe 1 at a distance of about 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency of the reception frequency band from the end plate 2 and protrudes from the peripheral wall via a coaxial connector 4. Further, at a distance of about 172 wavelengths from the linear antenna 3, a linear antenna 5 was provided protruding from the peripheral wall via a coaxial connector 6 in a direction perpendicular to the linear antenna 3. It was a structure.

In the coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual-polarized waves having such a structure, the main waveguide 1 is connected to the linearly polarized waves 7 and 8 of the TE++ mode incident from the input end (not shown) of the cylindrical main waveguide 1. Even if the input aperture surface is oriented in the correct receiving state,
If the linear antennas 3 and 5 are not facing the linearly polarized waves 7 and 8 correctly, the entire main waveguide 1 can be rotated by remote control via a motor and gear to achieve the optimal reception condition. It was adjusted to

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in such a coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization, among the linear antennas 3.5, the linear antenna 5 located far from the end plate 2 is Since it is located 374 wavelengths from the end plate 2, there is a problem in that the length of the main wave tube 1 in the tube axis direction is large.

In addition, in the conventional coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization, the mechanism for adjusting the direction of the antenna is complicated because it rotates the entire main waveguide 1, and it lacks reliability from the perspective of maintaining performance. There was a problem.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal polarized waves that can shorten the dispersion of the main waveguide in the tube axis direction.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal polarized waves that can simplify the mechanism for adjusting the direction of the antenna and improve reliability.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The structure of the present invention for achieving the above object will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8, which correspond to embodiments.

In the first invention of the present application, a pair of L-shaped antennas 11 and 12 are respectively supported at different positions on the end plate 2 of the main waveguide 1, and mutual tubes of the L-shaped antennas 11 and 12 are supported. The axis-parallel portions 11A and 12A are the respective L-shaped antennas 11 and 12.
electrically connected to the center conductor of each coaxial portion 9.10 passing through said end plate 2 in correspondence with said respective L-shaped antenna 1.
The tip sides of the tube axis parallel portions 11A and 12A of No. 1 and 12 are projected into the main waveguide 1 in a direction parallel to the tube axis thereof, and each of the L-shaped antennas 11 and 12 is connected to each of the tube axis parallel portions. Portions 110.12G perpendicular to the tube axis are provided at the tips of 11A and 12A via bent portions 11B and 12B, respectively.
are oriented perpendicularly to each other, and the tube axis parallel portions 11A, 12A of each of the L-shaped antennas 11, 12 are parallel to each other.
The outer periphery of at least one side of the waveguide is coaxially surrounded by coaxial tubes 15 and 16 protruding from the end plate 2 into the main waveguide 1.

In the second invention of the present application, a pair of single-shaped antennas 11 and 12 are respectively supported at different positions on the end plate 2 of the main waveguide 1, and the mutual tube axes of the respective L-shaped antennas 1 and 12 are provided. The parallel portions 11A, 12A are electrically connected to the center conductor of each coaxial portion 9.10 passing through the end plate 2, corresponding to each of the L-shaped antennas 11.
The tip sides of the 12 tube axis parallel portions 11A and 12A are projected into the main waveguide 1 in a direction parallel to the tube axis thereof, and each of the L-shaped antennas 11 and 12 is connected to each of the tube axis parallel portions 1.
Bent parts 11B at the tips of 1A and 12A.

The tube axis orthogonal portions 1 provided respectively via 12B.
10.12G are oriented perpendicularly to each other, and each of the tube axis parallel portions 11A of each of the L-shaped antennas 11.12
. The end plate 2, which supports each of the waveguides .

[Operation] Even if a pair of L-shaped antennas 11.12 are supported together on the same end plate 2 as in the first invention, the mutual tube axes parallel portions 11A and 12A are connected to one side of the coaxial tube 15.16. Alternatively, mutual interference is eliminated due to the shielding effect of both, and mutual interference is eliminated by orienting the mutually orthogonal tube axis portions iic and 12C to be orthogonal to each other. If the pair of L-shaped antennas 11 and 12 can be supported together on the same end plate 2 in this way, the dimension of the main wave tube 1 in the tube axis direction can be reduced.

Moreover, as in the second invention, both ]-shaped antennas 11°1
2 and an end plate 2 supporting one or both coaxial tubes 15,16.
By making it freely rotatable around its axis with respect to the main wave tube 1, the orientation of the double-sided antennas 11 and 12 can be corrected without rotating the main wave tube 1, and the antenna orientation can be adjusted. The load on the rotating means of the mechanism is reduced, and therefore the structure of the mechanism can be simplified and its reliability can be improved.

[Example] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention. Note that parts corresponding to those in FIGS. 9 and 10 described above are designated by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, a pair of L-shaped antennas 11.12 are supported at different positions on the metal end plate 2, and the mutual tube axis parallel portions 11A, 1 of each L-shaped antenna 11.12 are supported at different positions.
2 is electrically connected to the center conductor of each coaxial section 9, 10 passing through the end plate 2, corresponding to each L-shaped antenna 11, 12. In this embodiment, each L-shaped antenna 11.12
The center conductors of the tube axis parallel portions 11A, 12A and the corresponding coaxial portions 9, 10 are the tube axis parallel portions 11A, 12
It has an integrated structure as an extension of △. Each coaxial part 9,
In 10, the mutual spacing between the outer conductor and the center conductor is maintained by dielectrics 13 and 14, and the center conductor is supported. Tube axis parallel portion 11 of each L-shaped antenna 11.12
The tips of A and 12A protrude into the main waveguide 1 in a direction parallel to the tube axis and have the same length. In each of the L-shaped antennas 11 and 12, tube axis perpendicular portions 11C and 12G provided at the tips of the tube axis parallel portions 11A and 12A via bent portions 11B and 12B, respectively, are oriented in directions perpendicular to each other. There is. The outer periphery of each tube axis parallel portion 11A, 12A of each L-shaped antenna 11.12 is coaxially surrounded by coaxial tubes 15, 16 respectively protruding from the end plate 2 into the main waveguide 1. A notch 15A for Q transformation is provided on the surface of each L-shaped antenna 11.12 at the tip of each coaxial tube 15.16 located on the side of the tube axis orthogonal portions 11C and 12C.

16A is provided. These Q transformation notches 15A
, 16A are formed by cutting out the tips of the coaxial tubes 15 and 16 in a box shape when viewed from the side. The size of the notch is also influenced by the tube axis perpendicular portions 11C and 12C of the L-shaped antennas 11 and 12, so it functions as a Q transformer even if it does not have 174 wavelengths. Outside the end plate 2 of the main waveguide 1, each tube axis parallel portion 11 of the L-shaped antenna 11.12 is provided.
A.

Coaxial connectors 4 and 6 each having a base end of 12A as a center conductor are connected to each other. In addition, each coaxial connector 4, 6
A structure in which the center conductor of the L-shaped antenna 11.12 is electrically connected to the tube axis parallel portions 11A and 12A of the main wave tube 1 by protruding into the main wave tube 1 is also included within the scope of the present invention since the electrical meaning is the same. Of course.

In this way, from the end plate 2 to the bent portions 11B and 12B, approximately 1
L-shaped antenna requiring a length of 74 wavelengths 11.12
When the tube axis parallel portions 11A, 12Δ are coaxially surrounded by coaxial tubes 15, 16, respectively, the tube axis parallel portions 11A, 1
2A becomes a coaxial mode and is less directly affected by the waveguide mode.

In addition, the outer periphery of the tube axis parallel portions 11A and 12A is the coaxial tube 15.
．． 16, so even if both L-shaped antennas 11 and 12 are supported on the common end plate 2, the tube axis parallel portions 11A and 12A are prevented from coupling with each other and having an adverse effect on each other. can be avoided. Furthermore, even if the tube axis orthogonal portions 11C and 12G of the double-sided antennas 11 and 12 are located at the same position in the tube axis direction of the main wave tube 1, their mutual orientation is 90°, so the 2QdB or more (fractional band W=0
．． 127) can be obtained, and mutual interference can be avoided.

In this case, the bent portion 11B of the L-shaped antenna 11.12
, 12B have a low impedance equivalent to the coaxial impedance due to the presence of the coaxial pipes 15 and 16, but these bent parts 11B and 12B have impedances that are higher than the coaxial impedance but perpendicular to the pipe axis due to the presence of the Q transformation notches 15A and 16A. Since the impedance can be set to an intermediate impedance lower than that of the portions 11C and 12A, it functions as a Q transformer for the tube axis parallel portions 11Δ and 12A, allowing broadband impedance matching. For example, in the case of the diameter of the main waveguide 1, it is possible to set the V SWR value as seen from the coaxial connector 4.6 side to 1.2 or less at a distance w=0.127 km.

In such a coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization, one of the two vertical and horizontal orthogonal polarized waves incident from the input end (not shown) of the main waveguide 1 is a portion orthogonal to the tube axis of the L-shaped antenna 11. The linearly polarized wave 7 whose main electric field is parallel to 11C is received by electric field coupling at the section 11C perpendicular to the tube axis. Furthermore, the linearly polarized wave 8 whose main electric field is parallel to the tube axis orthogonal portion 12C of the other L-shaped antenna 12 is received by the tube axis orthogonal portion 12C. The received signals are converted into coaxial mode by coaxial tubes 15 and 16 and output from coaxial connectors 4 and 6.

In such a coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization,
The outer diameter of the coaxial tube 15.16 is such that the fundamental wave TE++ mode in the main waveguide 1 at the signal frequency is difficult to convert into the TEM mode using the coaxial tube 15.16 as the center conductor, and impedance matching and orthogonal polarization separation. It is preferable that the thickness be such that it does not adversely affect isolation.

Further, the dimensions of the Q transformation notches 15A and 16A are determined experimentally from the inner diameter of the main wave tube 1, the operating frequency, the dimensions of the L-shaped antennas 11 and 12, and the like. Furthermore, a notch 15A for Q transformation is provided at the tip of the coaxial pipe 15,16.

It is most effective to leave the arc-shaped parts on the opposite side of 16A on the side opposite to the protruding side of the part 110 and 12C perpendicular to the tube axis. Even if it exists, it has an effect.

On the other hand, the radio wave propagation section between the coaxial tube 15, 16 and the tube axis orthogonal portions 11A, 12A of the L-shaped antenna 11, 12 may be hollow if it is convenient for impedance matching, or it may be made of a dielectric material 13 as shown in the figure. .14 may be interposed. Even if it is hollow, the coaxial part 9.10 or the coaxial connector 4
, 6 are provided with dielectric materials 13 and 14 for coaxial support.
is necessary = 13-.

3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the main waveguide 1 is a square waveguide,
This shows an example in which the end plate 2 is a square metal plate. The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

5 and 6 show a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a choke-shaped end plate is used as the end plate 2, and the end plate 2 is arranged in a circular main waveguide 1 so as to be rotatable around its axis. This figure shows an example in which a rotating shaft 17 attached to the center of the back surface of the main waveguide 1 is rotatably supported at the center of a bearing plate 18, and the bearing plate 18 is supported by the main waveguide 1. The two L-shaped antennas 11 and 12 are placed in an equipotential excitation influence arrangement with one of the tube axis perpendicular portions 11C at approximately 172 positions in the length direction and the other tube axis orthogonal portions 12C orthogonal to each other. This shows an example in which isolation of 40 dB or more can be obtained in the fractional band W=0.127 when the main waveguide 1 has a diameter of 1.

The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

In such a coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization, the rotation axis 1
When turning 7, two L-shaped antennas 11 are attached together with the end plate 2.
．． 12 is rotated around the tube axis of the main wave tube 1, and the directions of the portions 11G and 12C orthogonal to the tube axis of the double-sided antenna 11.12 can be changed. Therefore, 1-shaped antenna 1
By adjusting the direction of the tube axis orthogonal portion 110.12G in 1.12, both tube axis orthogonal portions 11C and 12G can be adjusted to match the direction 7.8 of the main electric field of orthogonal polarization, Reception can be performed in the best possible condition. Also,
If the end plate 2 is a choke-shaped end plate, leakage of electromagnetic waves from the gap between the end plate 2 and the main wave tube 1 can be prevented.

In the above embodiment, the tube axis parallel portions 11Δ and 12A of the two single-shaped antennas 11 and 12 are both coaxial tubes 15 and 16.
Although an example has been shown in which the shielding is performed with
2A may be surrounded by a coaxial tube 15 or 16.

7 and 8, the outer periphery of the tube-axis parallel portion 11A of the single-shaped antenna 11 is surrounded by a coaxial tube 15, and the tube-axis parallel portion 12Δ of the L-shaped antenna 12 is surrounded by a coaxial tube. , instead of surrounding the main waveguide 1, the tube axis parallel portion 12A is
This shows an example in which a strip line is formed close to the tube wall of the tube, and signals are transmitted to the coaxial connector 6 in strip line mode.

In this way, even if only one tube-axis parallel portion 11A of the single-shaped antenna 11.12 is surrounded by the coaxial tube 15, mutual interference between the tube-axis parallel portions 11A and 12A of the double-shaped antenna 11.12 can be avoided. be able to.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal polarization according to the present invention has a pair of single-shaped antennas supported on a common end plate, so that the main waveguide tube is The length in the axial direction can be shortened, and the size of the converter can be reduced. Furthermore, even if a pair of single-shaped antennas are supported on a common end plate, the outer periphery of the parallel part of the tube axis of at least one of the single-shaped antennas is surrounded by a coaxial tube, so they are mutually shielded and mutually Interference can be avoided.

Furthermore, in the second invention, since the end plate supporting the double-sided antenna and the coaxial tube is made rotatable relative to the main waveguide,
By rotating the end plate around the tube axis of the main wave tube, the directions of the portions of both L-shaped antennas perpendicular to the tube axes can be varied. Therefore, the portions perpendicular to both tube axes can be adjusted to match the directions of the main electric fields of the two orthogonal polarized waves, so that reception can be achieved in the best condition.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of a coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-rV in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of FIG. FIG. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wave tube converter, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X--X in FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Main waveguide, 2... End plate, 9, 10... Hole,
11゜12...Leg-shaped antenna, 11A, 12A...
・Pipe axis parallel part, 11B, 12B...Bending part, 11C
, 12C... Tube axis perpendicular portion, 15.16... Coaxial tube, 15A. 16A...Q notch for transformation. 0/N Figure 9 Figure 10 procedural amendment (voluntary) May 22, 1986

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A pair of L-shaped antennas are supported at different positions on the end plate of the main wave tube, and the mutually parallel portions of the L-shaped antennas correspond to the respective L-shaped antennas. and is electrically connected to the center conductor of each coaxial portion penetrating the end plate, and a distal end side of the tube axis parallel portion of each L-shaped antenna projects into the main waveguide in a direction parallel to the tube axis. , each of the L-shaped antennas is provided at the tip of each of the tube-axis parallel portions through a bent portion, and the portions perpendicular to the tube axis are oriented orthogonally to each other; A coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization, characterized in that the outer periphery of at least one of the tube axis parallel portions is coaxially surrounded by a coaxial tube protruding from the end plate into the main waveguide. . (2) The coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization according to claim 1, wherein a Q transformation notch is provided at the tip of the coaxial tube. (3) A pair of L-shaped antennas are supported at different positions on the end plate of the main wave tube, and the mutually parallel portions of the L-shaped antennas correspond to the respective L-shaped antennas. and is electrically connected to the center conductor of each coaxial portion penetrating the end plate, and a distal end side of the tube axis parallel portion of each L-shaped antenna projects into the main waveguide in a direction parallel to the tube axis. , in each of the L-shaped antennas, the tube-axis orthogonal portions, which are provided at the tips of the tube-axis parallel portions through bent portions, are oriented orthogonally to each other, and the At least one outer periphery of each tube axis parallel portion is coaxially surrounded by a coaxial tube protruding from the end plate into the main waveguide, and the end plate supports the L-shaped antenna and the coaxial tube, respectively. A coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization, characterized in that it is rotatable around the axis of the main waveguide. (4) The coaxial waveguide converter for orthogonal dual polarization according to claim 1, wherein a Q transformation notch is provided at the tip of the coaxial tube.